Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"The emerging role of anti-thymic stromal lymphopoietin monoclonal antibody (Tezepelumab) in comorbid and non-comorbid CRSwNP patients: a scoping review","authors":"Antonio Moffa ,&nbsp;Eugenio de Corso ,&nbsp;Domiziana Nardelli ,&nbsp;Antonella Loperfido ,&nbsp;Jacopo Galli ,&nbsp;Peter Baptista ,&nbsp;Manuele Casale","doi":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2026.101768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2026.101768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Tezepelumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the thymic stromal lymphopoietin, in patients affected by chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, both with and without comorbid asthma.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search of the literature was conducted across PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar databases until April 2025. Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria, focusing on adult patients with clinically diagnosed chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps who received Tezepelumab treatment for at least four weeks and reported validated clinical outcomes. Studies involving patients receiving prior standard treatment and comorbid asthma were included. Outcome measures included sinonasal symptom scores, imaging scores, pulmonary function tests, quality of life assessments, systemic corticosteroid use, and the need for surgical intervention. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted independently by two reviewers.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Out of 221 screened records, three randomized controlled trials involving a total of 691 patients met the eligibility criteria. Tezepelumab treatment resulted in significant improvements in nasal symptom scores, including reductions in nasal congestion and loss of smell, as well as improved quality of life and sleep-related symptoms. Objective assessments showed a reduction in polyp size and radiological scores, with fewer patients requiring systemic corticosteroids or surgical intervention compared to placebo. Improvements were also observed in lung function and disease control among patients with comorbid asthma. The effect size exceeded minimal clinically important difference thresholds across key outcome measures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Tezepelumab demonstrated consistent and clinically meaningful benefits in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, including symptom relief, reduced polyp burden, and decreased need for corticosteroids or surgery. Its upstream mechanism offers potential advantages over existing biologic therapies. Further long-term and real-world studies are needed to confirm its role in clinical practice and define ideal patient selection strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49099,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"92 2","pages":"Article 101768"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145999160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brazilian Academy of Paediatric Otorhinolaryngology Task Force – lingual frenulum disorders in childhood – evidence-based recommendations","authors":"Juliana Alves de Sousa Caixeta ,&nbsp;Debora Bressan Pazinatto ,&nbsp;Rita Carolina Pozzer Krumenauer Padoin ,&nbsp;José Faibes Lubianca Neto ,&nbsp;Melissa Ameloti Gomes Avelino ,&nbsp;Vitor Guo Chen ,&nbsp;Trissia Maria Farah Vazzoler ,&nbsp;Leticia Teixeira Castellano ,&nbsp;Sulene Pirana ,&nbsp;Carolina Sponchiado Miura ,&nbsp;Edio Júnior Cavallaro Magalhães ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Guimarães Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2026.101762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2026.101762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis, assessment of functional impact, and management of altered lingual frenulum in children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Task force members were educated on knowledge synthesis methods, including electronic database search, review and selection of relevant citations, and critical appraisal of selected studies. Articles written in English or Portuguese on ankyloglossia, or lingual frenotomy were eligible for inclusion. The American College of Physicians’ guideline grading system was used for critical appraisal of evidence and recommendations for therapeutic interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There are several methods described in the literature for the evaluation of the lingual frenulum, and most of them lack internal or external validation. There are no data supporting a relationship between altered lingual frenulum and dysphagia, orofacial alterations, malocclusion, social limitations, obstructive sleep apnoea, or gastroesophageal reflux. According to the studies, an altered lingual frenulum does not cause speech delay; however, some studies with very low levels of evidence show that an altered lingual frenulum may make the pronunciation of some phonemes more difficult. In children with an altered lingual frenulum, lingual frenotomy may reduce maternal pain during breastfeeding. Therefore, in children with an altered lingual frenulum, lingual frenotomy may be a good therapeutic option when there is a complaint of pain during breastfeeding. There are several surgical techniques described in the literature for the release of the lingual frenulum, as well as different instruments that can be used for this purpose. There is no scientific evidence that one method is superior to another.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Lingual frenectomy may improve maternal pain during breastfeeding and may be an option in selected cases of phonetic alterations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49099,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"92 2","pages":"Article 101762"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145999124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to teach otologic surgery to the next generation?","authors":"Amanda Sampaio Almeida,&nbsp;José Ricardo Gurgel Testa","doi":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101749","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49099,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"92 2","pages":"Article 101749"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145999166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous intraparotid and intratemporal facial nerve schwannoma: resection of the lesion and nerve reconstruction with cross-face technique ‒ Case report","authors":"José Fernando Polanski ,&nbsp;Anelyse Pulner Agulham ,&nbsp;Beatriz Alvarez Mattar ,&nbsp;Anne Karoline Groth ,&nbsp;Marja Cristiane Reksidler","doi":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2026.101761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2026.101761","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49099,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"92 2","pages":"Article 101761"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145999174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discriminative validity and diagnostic accuracy of Horus® posturographic parameters in individuals with and without vestibulopathy","authors":"Maria Clara Peixoto Marinheiro ,&nbsp;Ana Clara Teixeira Fernandes ,&nbsp;Luana Dantas da Silva ,&nbsp;Adriana Guedes Carlos ,&nbsp;José Diniz Júnior ,&nbsp;Juliana Maria Gazzola ,&nbsp;Vanessa Regiane Resqueti","doi":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the discriminative validity and diagnostic accuracy of posturographic parameters from the Horus® in individuals with and without vestibulopathy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a methodological study of discriminative validity and diagnostic accuracy. 153 individuals aged 40–79, of both sexes, were included and divided into Group 1 (with vestibular dysfunction) and Group 2 (without vestibular dysfunction). Instruments on clinical characterization, cognition, physical activity level, and posturography were applied. Discriminative validity was assessed with nonparametric multivariate analyses, the Mann-Whitney test, controlled with Holm adjustment and rank-biserial correlation to estimate effect size. Sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve, and cutoff points were calculated using ROC curves.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The final sample included 78 individuals in Group 1 and 75 in Group 2, with mean ages of 59.36 and 56.48 years, respectively. Significant differences were found between the groups for all dependent variables related to confidence ellipse/limit of stability and mediolateral velocity (p &lt; 0.001), with moderate to large differences (ES &gt; 0.28) and in most of the anteroposterior velocity and sensory analysis (p &lt; 0.005), with small to moderate differences (ES: &gt;0.11 and &lt;0.43). The ROC curve analysis revealed that confidence ellipse/limit of stability and mediolateral velocity exhibited high specificity (84% and 80%) and moderate sensitivity (52.6% and 53.85%). The Vestibular Function parameter demonstrated good sensitivity (70%) and moderate specificity (60.8%), while the Composite Balance Index showed a sensitivity of 79.5% and specificity of 64%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Horus® posturographic parameters demonstrated moderate to good discriminative ability to differentiate individuals with and without vestibular dysfunction, with high sensitivity for vestibular function and the Composite Balance Index.</div></div><div><h3>Level of evidence</h3><div>3 (cross-sectional study).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49099,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"92 2","pages":"Article 101746"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An affordable and optimized 3D biomodel for sinonasal surgery training","authors":"Marcelo Augusto Antonio ,&nbsp;Sergio Lopes Fernandes Ramos ,&nbsp;Fernando Augusto Lima Marson ,&nbsp;Mariana Dalbo Contrera Toro ,&nbsp;Eulalia Sakano","doi":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To develop and evaluate the anatomical accuracy and haptic fidelity of an affordable kit consisting of a silicone head, a foam support, and a 3D-printed biomodel of the paranasal sinuses for surgical training.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This single-center, technological, and interventional study detailed the development of a human sinus biomodel. Its anatomical and haptic evaluation was conducted by ten senior rhinologists, who performed 37 standard surgical tasks. Participants rated similarity to fresh cadaveric dissection on a 5-point Likert scale. Computed tomographic images were converted into a standard tessellation file through a combination of automatic and manual segmentation. This file was then used in a 3D printer to create the biomodel, which was customized with a red silicone coating to emulate mucosa, as well as silicone-insulated wire and acrylic yarn to simulate arteries and nerves. The model was mounted onto a silicone head and foam support, with a total production cost of US$ 43.37.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The similarity of anatomic landmarks scored a mean above 4.0 ± SD on both sides. The lacrimal bone drilling/debulking procedure was somewhat suboptimal for exposing the lacrimal sac, scoring a mean of 3.1 ± 1.04 on the left side but 4.3 ± 0.64 on the right. Likewise, uncinectomy was rated 3.4 ± 1.02 on the left and 3.7 ± 0.90 on the right, while the periorbit incision received scores of 3.5 ± 0.92 on the left and 4.5 ± 0.50 on the right. All other steps received ratings above 4.0 ± SD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study presents a fully reproducible and cost-effective method for constructing a 3D sinus biomodel. The model demonstrated high anatomical and haptic fidelity, as validated by senior rhinologists, making it a valuable tool for surgical training in sinonasal procedures.</div></div><div><h3>Level of evidence</h3><div>This study provides Level 2 evidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49099,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"92 2","pages":"Article 101750"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of triglyceride and cholesterol with vestibular vertigo: Evidence from univariable and multivariable mendelian randomization and mediation analysis","authors":"Ying Mu ,&nbsp;Yacheng Lu ,&nbsp;Wei Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to use Mendelian Randomization (MR) method to explore the potential causal association of triglyceride and cholesterol on the risk of vestibular vertigo and potential mediating factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We extracted genetic variants associated with triglyceride and cholesterol from the genome-wide association study. Univariable two-sample MR were performed to evaluate the effects of triglyceride and cholesterol on the vestibular vertigo. Besides, Multivariate MR (MVMR) was used to estimate direct effects of triglyceride and cholesterol on the vestibular vertigo after adjusting for potential mediating factors. We also performed that a two-step mediation MR framework to elucidate potential mediators and to estimate the proportion of the association mediated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Genetically predicted triglyceride and cholesterol were positively associated with the risk of vestibular vertigo. In the MVMR analysis, causal associations between triglyceride and cholesterol with vestibular vertigo remained stable and robust after adjusting for body mass index, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes, whereas the association between triglyceride and cholesterol and the risk of vestibular vertigo became nonsignificant after adjusting for vitamin D. In the mediation analysis, we found that the causal effect of cholesterol on vestibular vertigo might partly mediated by vitamin D.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The present study provides robust evidence that genetically predicted triglyceride and cholesterol are independently causally associated with the risk of vestibular vertigo. Vitamin D also was found to mediate the causal pathways between cholesterol and vestibular vertigo.</div></div><div><h3>Level of evidence</h3><div>Level III.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49099,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"92 2","pages":"Article 101747"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image-guided protocol with a guide-marker for bone conduction hearing implant placement estimation","authors":"Renata Tadeu Ramirez Garcia ,&nbsp;Antonio Carlos dos Santos ,&nbsp;Fabiana Danieli-Hyppolito ,&nbsp;Miguel Angelo Hyppolito","doi":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To propose a protocol for image-guided implant placement estimation, combining 3D reconstruction of preoperative Computed Tomography (CT) images and a guide-marker, for individuals undergoing percutaneous Bone Conduction Hearing Devices (BCHD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty-one subjects aged 6- to 75-years undergoing percutaneous BCHD surgery were included. Three optional implant points were estimated and marked using a guide-marker, and compared with preoperative CT images to define optimal placement. A peer validation was conducted by two independent reviewers to assess the replicability of the protocol in clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Bilateral CT images were obtained from all 51 subjects, and a total of 54 BCHD surgeries were performed. Relevant findings, including mastoid cells (19.6%), cranial suture lines (27.5%), perforating vessels (13.7%), bone surface irregularities (1.9%), venous lakes (9.8%), and fixation plates (3.9%) were identified in 52.9% of subjects, and they affected the implant placement in 37.3% of cases. There was moderate agreement between the reviewers regarding implant placement in both right and left ears, and in relation to the actual implant placement performed during the surgical procedure.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The image-guided implant placement estimation, combining 3D reconstruction of preoperative Computed Tomography (CT) images and a guide-marker, has proven reliable and effective for estimating optimal implant placement in subjects undergoing percutaneous BCHD surgery, thereby constituting a valuable tool for clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Level of evidence</h3><div>2.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49099,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"92 2","pages":"Article 101748"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nomogram for predicting cognitive impairment in middle-aged and elderly individuals with self-reported hearing loss: Insights from the longitudinal CHARLS cohort","authors":"Cheng Li ,&nbsp;Yan Mei ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Dan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop and evaluate a predictive model for cognitive impairment, assessed by a brief cognitive test, among middle-aged and older adults with self-reported hearing loss, aiming to facilitate early identification and targeted intervention in high-risk populations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study utilized data from the 2011–2018 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, including 1,093 individuals aged 45 and above with self-reported hearing impairment but normal cognition at baseline. The average follow-up duration was 5.2-years. Cognitive impairment was defined as a total cognitive score at least one standard deviation below the mean for the corresponding age group. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify independent predictors, and a nomogram was constructed based on significant variables. Model performance was assessed using calibration curves, time-dependent Concordance indices (C-index), and the Area Under the receiver operating Characteristic Curve (AUC). Risk stratification analysis was conducted across various sociodemographic subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During follow-up, 152 individuals (13.9%) developed cognitive impairment. Higher education level, urban residence, and participation in leisure social activities (e.g., playing mahjong) were independently associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment. The nomogram demonstrated good discriminative performance, with AUCs of 0.728, 0.762, and 0.768, and corresponding time-dependent C-indices of 0.719, 0.761, and 0.767 at 3-, 5-, and 6-year follow-up points, respectively. Calibration plots indicated good agreement between predicted and observed risks. Risk scores varied significantly across subgroups defined by sex, age, education level, and residential location. Kaplan–Meier analyses confirmed the model’s effective risk stratification capability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study presents the first predictive model tailored to cognitive risk heterogeneity among older adults with self-reported hearing loss. By incorporating a brief cognitive test, the nomogram demonstrated reliable performance and holds potential for use in risk stratification, population screening, and personalized preventive interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Level of evidence</h3><div>2 ‒ Prospective cohort study based on the longitudinal CHARLS data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49099,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"92 2","pages":"Article 101751"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between hepatitis B and C viruses and head and neck lymphoma: A case-control study","authors":"Wan-Hsun Tsai ,&nbsp;Ching-Chih Lee ,&nbsp;Ting-Shou Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to assess the relationship between Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infections and Head and Neck (H&amp;N) lymphoma in a region where HBV and HCV are highly prevalent.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients diagnosed with H&amp;N lymphoma between 2013 and 2022 at our institution were eligible for the study, with exclusion criteria applied to patients with a history of recurrence, other cancers, HIV infections, organ transplantation, and those below 18-years of age. The first and the second control group comprised outpatients and patients diagnosed with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) who were gender and age-matched at the same hospital. Logistic regression analysis, which was adjusted for sex, age, smoking, alcohol consumption, Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), was utilized to estimate the Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) for HBV and HCV infection status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2013 to 2022, 304 patients with H&amp;N lymphoma were identified. After excluding those with a history of other cancers or recurrences, 262 patients remained. The first control group included 1048 matched outpatients. Additionally, 262 patients diagnosed with HNSCC during the same period were selected as the second control group. Of the 242 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) patients, 102 had Extranodal Lymphoma (ENL). Of these ENL patients, 49 tested positive for HBV and 17 for HCV. After controlling for the confounding factors, NHL patients with HBsAg positivity had a significantly higher prevalence rate than healthy controls, particularly among B-cell Lymphoma and Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in HCV infections between the three groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In conclusion, the study found a significant link between HBV infection and H&amp;N NHL, particularly DLBCL in Taiwan. However, no significant link was discovered between HCV infection and H&amp;N lymphoma. These findings suggest a potential role for HBV in the development of H&amp;N NHL and DLBCL.</div></div><div><h3>Level of evidence</h3><div>4.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49099,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"92 1","pages":"Article 101701"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}