Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00856-4
Jianhua Cang, Chen Chen, Chuiwen Li, Yuanming Liu
The superior colliculus (SC) is a conserved midbrain structure that is important for transforming visual and other sensory information into motor actions. Decades of investigations in numerous species have made the SC and its nonmammalian homologue, the optic tectum, one of the best studied structures in the brain, with rich information now available regarding its anatomical organization, its extensive inputs and outputs and its important functions in many reflexive and cognitive behaviours. Excitingly, recent studies using modern genomic and physiological approaches have begun to reveal the diverse neuronal subtypes in the SC, as well as their unique functions in visuomotor transformation. Studies have also started to uncover how subtypes of SC neurons form intricate circuits to mediate visual processing and visually guided behaviours. Here, we review these recent discoveries on the cell types and neuronal circuits underlying visuomotor transformations mediated by the SC. We also highlight the important future directions made possible by these new developments. The superior colliculus is a structure in the midbrain that has a key role in transforming sensory information into motor actions. In this Review, Cang et al. discuss the cell types and neural circuits that underlie visuomotor transformations mediated by this structure.
{"title":"Genetically defined neuron types underlying visuomotor transformation in the superior colliculus","authors":"Jianhua Cang, Chen Chen, Chuiwen Li, Yuanming Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41583-024-00856-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41583-024-00856-4","url":null,"abstract":"The superior colliculus (SC) is a conserved midbrain structure that is important for transforming visual and other sensory information into motor actions. Decades of investigations in numerous species have made the SC and its nonmammalian homologue, the optic tectum, one of the best studied structures in the brain, with rich information now available regarding its anatomical organization, its extensive inputs and outputs and its important functions in many reflexive and cognitive behaviours. Excitingly, recent studies using modern genomic and physiological approaches have begun to reveal the diverse neuronal subtypes in the SC, as well as their unique functions in visuomotor transformation. Studies have also started to uncover how subtypes of SC neurons form intricate circuits to mediate visual processing and visually guided behaviours. Here, we review these recent discoveries on the cell types and neuronal circuits underlying visuomotor transformations mediated by the SC. We also highlight the important future directions made possible by these new developments. The superior colliculus is a structure in the midbrain that has a key role in transforming sensory information into motor actions. In this Review, Cang et al. discuss the cell types and neural circuits that underlie visuomotor transformations mediated by this structure.","PeriodicalId":49142,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"25 11","pages":"726-739"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142325385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00865-3
Teruhiro Okuyama
In this Journal club, Teruhiro Okuyama discusses the 2005 article that demonstrated the existence of ‘concept cells’ in the medial temporal lobe that show selective responses to specific individuals and play a key role in social memory.
{"title":"Concept cells and social memory: the abstract representation of familiar individuals","authors":"Teruhiro Okuyama","doi":"10.1038/s41583-024-00865-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41583-024-00865-3","url":null,"abstract":"In this Journal club, Teruhiro Okuyama discusses the 2005 article that demonstrated the existence of ‘concept cells’ in the medial temporal lobe that show selective responses to specific individuals and play a key role in social memory.","PeriodicalId":49142,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"25 11","pages":"710-710"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00872-4
Sian Lewis
Diet-induced obesity in mice is accompanied by hypothalamic inflammation, which is shown here to result in thickened perineuronal nets in arcuate nucleus neurons, insulin resistance and metabolic disease.
{"title":"Thicker perineuronal nets disrupt insulin signalling","authors":"Sian Lewis","doi":"10.1038/s41583-024-00872-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41583-024-00872-4","url":null,"abstract":"Diet-induced obesity in mice is accompanied by hypothalamic inflammation, which is shown here to result in thickened perineuronal nets in arcuate nucleus neurons, insulin resistance and metabolic disease.","PeriodicalId":49142,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"25 11","pages":"707-707"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00870-6
Katherine Whalley
Mice that witness a cage mate’s distress become resilient to future adverse events as a result of altered serotonin release in the lateral habenula.
目睹笼中同伴痛苦的小鼠，由于外侧哈文脑中5-羟色胺释放的改变，对未来的不利事件变得有承受力。
{"title":"How witnessing distress alters resilience","authors":"Katherine Whalley","doi":"10.1038/s41583-024-00870-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41583-024-00870-6","url":null,"abstract":"Mice that witness a cage mate’s distress become resilient to future adverse events as a result of altered serotonin release in the lateral habenula.","PeriodicalId":49142,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"25 11","pages":"708-708"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00868-0
Sian Lewis
An anterior cingulate cortex to lateral septum circuit underlies the drive of spiny mice to affiliate with larger groups in preference to smaller ones.
前扣带回皮层到外侧隔膜回路是刺鼠与大群体而非小群体相处的驱动力的基础。
{"title":"Safety in numbers","authors":"Sian Lewis","doi":"10.1038/s41583-024-00868-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41583-024-00868-0","url":null,"abstract":"An anterior cingulate cortex to lateral septum circuit underlies the drive of spiny mice to affiliate with larger groups in preference to smaller ones.","PeriodicalId":49142,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"25 11","pages":"708-708"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The origins of freezing","authors":"Philip Tovote","doi":"10.1038/s41583-024-00857-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41583-024-00857-3","url":null,"abstract":"Philip Tovote describes the 1980 paper in which Michael Fanselow systematically investigated freezing as a defensive response in rodents","PeriodicalId":49142,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"25 11","pages":"709-709"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142160456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00863-5
Darran Yates
Activation of nociceptor neurons expressing TRPV1 downregulates gut regulatory T cells.
激活表达 TRPV1 的痛觉神经元可下调肠道调节性 T 细胞。
{"title":"Neural control of gut regulatory T cells","authors":"Darran Yates","doi":"10.1038/s41583-024-00863-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41583-024-00863-5","url":null,"abstract":"Activation of nociceptor neurons expressing TRPV1 downregulates gut regulatory T cells.","PeriodicalId":49142,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"25 10","pages":"647-647"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142123668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00864-4
Sian Lewis
Most astrocytes in the mouse brain have a primary cilium that transduces local cues to drive distinct astrocytic transcriptomic programmes that determine regional astrocytic subtypes, and, in turn, shape local circuits and influence behaviour.
{"title":"Astrocyte antennae","authors":"Sian Lewis","doi":"10.1038/s41583-024-00864-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41583-024-00864-4","url":null,"abstract":"Most astrocytes in the mouse brain have a primary cilium that transduces local cues to drive distinct astrocytic transcriptomic programmes that determine regional astrocytic subtypes, and, in turn, shape local circuits and influence behaviour.","PeriodicalId":49142,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"25 10","pages":"646-646"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142123667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-02DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00860-8
Jake Rogers
A study in humans reveals that the hippocampus encodes relevant task variables in abstract format during inferential reasoning, which enables the generalization needed for such complex cognition.
{"title":"Disentangling human inference","authors":"Jake Rogers","doi":"10.1038/s41583-024-00860-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41583-024-00860-8","url":null,"abstract":"A study in humans reveals that the hippocampus encodes relevant task variables in abstract format during inferential reasoning, which enables the generalization needed for such complex cognition.","PeriodicalId":49142,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"25 10","pages":"645-645"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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