Energy for Sustainable Development最新文献_第8页

Techno-economic assessment of hydrokinetic technology: A case study 水动力技术的技术经济评价：一个案例研究

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.esd.2025.101872

Upendra Bajpai , Sunil Kumar Singal

Hydrokinetic energy offers significant potential to support India's goal of achieving net zero carbon emissions by 2070, as outlined at COP26. The study evaluates techno-economic viability of deploying a hydrokinetic farm along a 1 km canal in Uttarakhand, India, using helical Savonius turbines with diameters (D) of 0.25 m (case 1), 0.50 m (case 2), 0.75 m (case 3), and 1.0 m (case 4). Numerical model used in the investigation has been validated experimentally. The developed model evaluates power generation capacity and key financial indicators, including Net present value (NPV), Internal rate of return (IRR), Payback period (PP), and Levelized cost of energy (LCOE). Sensitivity analyses have been conducted using varying capital expenditure (CapEx), operation and maintenance (O&M) costs, discount rate, and electricity selling price. The optimal turbine spacing is estimated as 39D to 41D longitudinally and 6D laterally, at a flow velocity of 2.5 m/s and tip speed ratio of 0.9 for 0.25 m to 1.0 m diameter turbine. The estimated farm installed capacities are 0.40 MW, 0.42 MW, 0.41 MW, and 0.39 MW for cases 1 through 4, respectively, with larger turbines demonstrating superior economic feasibility. Case 4 emerges as the most favourable, with NPV: US$ 0.136 million, IRR: 14.16 %, PP: 6.64 years, LCOE: US$ 0.060/kWh. Sensitivity analysis highlights that CapEx and electricity price are the most influential parameters, whereas O&M cost has minimal impact. The findings suggest that with technological advancements, favourable policies, and large-scale deployment, hydrokinetic technology will become less risky and more competitive with established renewable energy technologies.

正如COP26所概述的那样，水动能为支持印度到2070年实现净零碳排放的目标提供了巨大的潜力。该研究评估了在印度北阿坎德邦沿1公里运河部署水动力农场的技术经济可行性，使用直径(D)为0.25米（案例1）、0.50米（案例2）、0.75米（案例3）和1.0米（案例4）的螺旋Savonius涡轮机。所采用的数值模型已得到实验验证。该模型评估了发电能力和主要财务指标，包括净现值（NPV）、内部收益率（IRR）、投资回收期（PP）和能源平准化成本（LCOE）。使用不同的资本支出（CapEx）、运营和维护（O&；M）成本、贴现率和电力销售价格进行了敏感性分析。对于直径为0.25 m ~ 1.0 m的涡轮，在流速为2.5 m/s，叶尖速比为0.9的条件下，涡轮纵向间距为39D ~ 41D，横向间距为6D。案例1至案例4的装机容量分别为0.40兆瓦、0.42兆瓦、0.41兆瓦和0.39兆瓦，其中较大的涡轮机显示出更好的经济可行性。案例4是最有利的，NPV: 13.6万美元，IRR: 14.16%, PP: 6.64年，LCOE: 0.060美元/千瓦时。敏感性分析表明，资本支出和电价是影响最大的参数，而运营管理成本的影响最小。研究结果表明，随着技术的进步、有利的政策和大规模部署，水动力技术将变得风险更小，与现有的可再生能源技术相比更具竞争力。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring Beijing's carbon emission reduction pathways and power generation planning under climate targets 探索北京在气候目标下的碳减排路径和发电规划

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.esd.2025.101875

Ren Huang , Peng Wang , Sufang Zhang , Yi Yu

In response to climate change, China has set ambitious carbon neutrality targets. As the nation's capital, Beijing holds a crucial position in leading carbon reduction initiatives for other cities. Therefore, it is important to investigate Beijing's carbon emission reduction pathways. The mainstream modeling approaches that are used in existing research mostly concentrate on energy system models. Although energy system models are widely used for carbon reduction pathways purpose, existing studies often lack a systematic assessment of whether proposed pathways align with local carbon budgets under climate targets. Moreover, their reliance on low temporal resolutions, such as annual scales in long-term planning, fails to capture the essential physical characteristic of the power system: the real-time balance between generation and load. These shortcomings not only hinder the smooth achievement of climate change goals but also tend to underestimate power security risks, thereby reducing the feasibility of long-term emission reduction plans. In order to address this issue, we developed an integrated LEAP-DICE-BJ model, which combines a bottom-up energy system model with a top-down climate-economy model. Employing the LEAP-DICE-BJ model, this study conducts a cost optimization study on carbon budgets, carbon emission reduction pathways, and power generation capacity planning under the constraint of the 2 °C climate target. The conclusion reveals that Beijing must initiate the energy transition as early as possible, and no later than 2027.In terms of construction priorities, in the early stages focus should be put on the construction of transmission lines for importing green electricity and developing wind power. In the mid-stages, distributed solar PV should be emphasized. In the later stages, energy storage should be developed to achieve zero emissions while ensuring power security through natural gas plants. By 2060, Beijing's power mix will primarily consist of imported green electricity, distributed solar PV, and energy storage, complemented by biomass, wind, and hydropower. Imported thermal power and local natural gas plants will provide capacity support in a diversified energy mix. Building on these findings, specific recommendations are provided.

为应对气候变化，中国制定了雄心勃勃的碳中和目标。作为中国的首都，北京在引领其他城市的碳减排行动方面处于至关重要的地位。因此，研究北京市碳减排路径具有重要意义。现有研究中使用的主流建模方法大多集中在能源系统模型上。尽管能源系统模型被广泛用于碳减排途径的研究，但现有的研究往往缺乏对所提出的途径是否与气候目标下的地方碳预算相一致的系统评估。此外，它们对低时间分辨率的依赖，如长期规划中的年度尺度，未能捕捉到电力系统的基本物理特征：发电和负荷之间的实时平衡。这些缺点不仅阻碍了气候变化目标的顺利实现，而且容易低估电力安全风险，从而降低了长期减排计划的可行性。为了解决这个问题，我们开发了一个综合的LEAP-DICE-BJ模型，它将自下而上的能源系统模型与自上而下的气候经济模型相结合。本研究采用LEAP-DICE-BJ模型，对2°C气候目标约束下的碳预算、碳减排路径和发电容量规划进行了成本优化研究。结论表明，北京必须尽早启动能源转型，最迟不迟于2027年。从建设重点上看，前期重点建设绿色电力输电线和发展风电输电线。在中期，应强调分布式太阳能光伏。在后期阶段，应发展储能，以实现零排放，同时通过天然气发电厂确保电力安全。到2060年，北京的电力结构将主要由进口绿色电力、分布式太阳能光伏和储能组成，并辅以生物质能、风能和水力发电。进口火电和本地天然气厂将为多元化的能源结构提供产能支持。在这些调查结果的基础上，提出了具体建议。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring Beijing's carbon emission reduction pathways and power generation planning under climate targets 探索北京在气候目标下的碳减排路径和发电规划

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.esd.2025.101875

Ren Huang , Peng Wang , Sufang Zhang , Yi Yu

In response to climate change, China has set ambitious carbon neutrality targets. As the nation's capital, Beijing holds a crucial position in leading carbon reduction initiatives for other cities. Therefore, it is important to investigate Beijing's carbon emission reduction pathways. The mainstream modeling approaches that are used in existing research mostly concentrate on energy system models. Although energy system models are widely used for carbon reduction pathways purpose, existing studies often lack a systematic assessment of whether proposed pathways align with local carbon budgets under climate targets. Moreover, their reliance on low temporal resolutions, such as annual scales in long-term planning, fails to capture the essential physical characteristic of the power system: the real-time balance between generation and load. These shortcomings not only hinder the smooth achievement of climate change goals but also tend to underestimate power security risks, thereby reducing the feasibility of long-term emission reduction plans. In order to address this issue, we developed an integrated LEAP-DICE-BJ model, which combines a bottom-up energy system model with a top-down climate-economy model. Employing the LEAP-DICE-BJ model, this study conducts a cost optimization study on carbon budgets, carbon emission reduction pathways, and power generation capacity planning under the constraint of the 2 °C climate target. The conclusion reveals that Beijing must initiate the energy transition as early as possible, and no later than 2027.In terms of construction priorities, in the early stages focus should be put on the construction of transmission lines for importing green electricity and developing wind power. In the mid-stages, distributed solar PV should be emphasized. In the later stages, energy storage should be developed to achieve zero emissions while ensuring power security through natural gas plants. By 2060, Beijing's power mix will primarily consist of imported green electricity, distributed solar PV, and energy storage, complemented by biomass, wind, and hydropower. Imported thermal power and local natural gas plants will provide capacity support in a diversified energy mix. Building on these findings, specific recommendations are provided.

为应对气候变化，中国制定了雄心勃勃的碳中和目标。作为中国的首都，北京在引领其他城市的碳减排行动方面处于至关重要的地位。因此，研究北京市碳减排路径具有重要意义。现有研究中使用的主流建模方法大多集中在能源系统模型上。尽管能源系统模型被广泛用于碳减排途径的研究，但现有的研究往往缺乏对所提出的途径是否与气候目标下的地方碳预算相一致的系统评估。此外，它们对低时间分辨率的依赖，如长期规划中的年度尺度，未能捕捉到电力系统的基本物理特征：发电和负荷之间的实时平衡。这些缺点不仅阻碍了气候变化目标的顺利实现，而且容易低估电力安全风险，从而降低了长期减排计划的可行性。为了解决这个问题，我们开发了一个综合的LEAP-DICE-BJ模型，它将自下而上的能源系统模型与自上而下的气候经济模型相结合。本研究采用LEAP-DICE-BJ模型，对2°C气候目标约束下的碳预算、碳减排路径和发电容量规划进行了成本优化研究。结论表明，北京必须尽早启动能源转型，最迟不迟于2027年。从建设重点上看，前期重点建设绿色电力输电线和发展风电输电线。在中期，应强调分布式太阳能光伏。在后期阶段，应发展储能，以实现零排放，同时通过天然气发电厂确保电力安全。到2060年，北京的电力结构将主要由进口绿色电力、分布式太阳能光伏和储能组成，并辅以生物质能、风能和水力发电。进口火电和本地天然气厂将为多元化的能源结构提供产能支持。在这些调查结果的基础上，提出了具体建议。

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引用次数: 0

Household cooking fuels, their environmental impacts and community priority interventions in refugee settlements in Uganda 乌干达难民安置点的家庭烹饪燃料、环境影响和社区优先干预措施

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.esd.2025.101874

Prossy Kyomuhendo , Yahaya Minjinyawa , Majid Sedighi , Mary Njenga

Africa hosts approximately 14 million refugees; nearly one-third of the global refugee population. Uganda alone hosts over 1.8 million refugees, with their settlement on small plots of land (~ 50 × 50 m), within host communities exerting pressure on natural resources and accelerating environmental degradation. This paper presents a study on the root causes and consequences of woodfuel sourcing and utilization and community priority interventions in Rhino and Imvepi Refugee Settlements in Uganda for informed decision making. Data was collected via a household survey through personal communication with 381 respondents (62 men, 319 women), key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs). The results showed that firewood was the dominant fuel used by 96 % of hosts and 97 % of refugees, followed by charcoal (40 % and 59 %, respectively). Fuel stacking (using more than one fuel type) was reported by 48 % of hosts and 73 % of refugee households. Our study highlights that refugees presented greater reliance on charcoal and crop residues, reflecting firewood scarcity and charcoal's availability as a traded commodity. Women and children, particularly among refugees, faced greater hardships in accessing firewood. Environmental degradation from woodfuel sourcing and utilization is driven by socio-cultural norms, economic hardship, weak policy enforcement and inadequate skills and poor awareness of sustainable practices; leading to deforestation, air pollution, soil degradation, biodiversity loss and adverse impacts on livelihoods. The root causes and impacts from woodfuel sourcing and use are complex and deeply interconnected, highlighting the need for transdisciplinary, gender-responsive and context-specific approaches to promote sustainable and cleaner woodfuel systems in both host and refugee communities.

非洲收容了大约1400万难民；占全球难民人口的近三分之一。仅乌干达就收容了180多万难民，他们居住在收容社区内的小块土地上（约50 × 50米），对自然资源造成压力，加速了环境退化。本文介绍了一项关于乌干达Rhino和Imvepi难民定居点木材燃料采购和利用的根本原因和后果以及社区优先干预措施的研究，以促进知情决策。通过与381名受访者（62名男性，319名女性）的个人沟通、关键信息提供者访谈（KIIs）和焦点小组讨论（fgd）的家庭调查收集数据。结果显示，96%的收容人和97%的难民使用木柴作为主要燃料，其次是木炭（分别为40%和59%）。48%的东道国和73%的难民家庭报告了燃料堆放（使用一种以上的燃料类型）。我们的研究强调，难民对木炭和作物残留物的依赖程度更高，这反映了木柴的稀缺和木炭作为一种贸易商品的可用性。妇女和儿童，特别是难民中的妇女和儿童，在获得柴火方面面临更大的困难。社会文化规范、经济困难、政策执行不力、技能不足和对可持续做法认识不足造成木质燃料采购和利用造成的环境退化；导致森林砍伐、空气污染、土壤退化、生物多样性丧失以及对生计的不利影响。木材燃料的来源和使用的根本原因和影响是复杂和深刻相互关联的，突出表明需要采取跨学科、顾及性别和具体情况的办法，在收容社区和难民社区促进可持续和更清洁的木材燃料系统。

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引用次数: 0

Household cooking fuels, their environmental impacts and community priority interventions in refugee settlements in Uganda 乌干达难民安置点的家庭烹饪燃料、环境影响和社区优先干预措施

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.esd.2025.101874

Prossy Kyomuhendo , Yahaya Minjinyawa , Majid Sedighi , Mary Njenga

Africa hosts approximately 14 million refugees; nearly one-third of the global refugee population. Uganda alone hosts over 1.8 million refugees, with their settlement on small plots of land (~ 50 × 50 m), within host communities exerting pressure on natural resources and accelerating environmental degradation. This paper presents a study on the root causes and consequences of woodfuel sourcing and utilization and community priority interventions in Rhino and Imvepi Refugee Settlements in Uganda for informed decision making. Data was collected via a household survey through personal communication with 381 respondents (62 men, 319 women), key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs). The results showed that firewood was the dominant fuel used by 96 % of hosts and 97 % of refugees, followed by charcoal (40 % and 59 %, respectively). Fuel stacking (using more than one fuel type) was reported by 48 % of hosts and 73 % of refugee households. Our study highlights that refugees presented greater reliance on charcoal and crop residues, reflecting firewood scarcity and charcoal's availability as a traded commodity. Women and children, particularly among refugees, faced greater hardships in accessing firewood. Environmental degradation from woodfuel sourcing and utilization is driven by socio-cultural norms, economic hardship, weak policy enforcement and inadequate skills and poor awareness of sustainable practices; leading to deforestation, air pollution, soil degradation, biodiversity loss and adverse impacts on livelihoods. The root causes and impacts from woodfuel sourcing and use are complex and deeply interconnected, highlighting the need for transdisciplinary, gender-responsive and context-specific approaches to promote sustainable and cleaner woodfuel systems in both host and refugee communities.

非洲收容了大约1400万难民；占全球难民人口的近三分之一。仅乌干达就收容了180多万难民，他们居住在收容社区内的小块土地上（约50 × 50米），对自然资源造成压力，加速了环境退化。本文介绍了一项关于乌干达Rhino和Imvepi难民定居点木材燃料采购和利用的根本原因和后果以及社区优先干预措施的研究，以促进知情决策。通过与381名受访者（62名男性，319名女性）的个人沟通、关键信息提供者访谈（KIIs）和焦点小组讨论（fgd）的家庭调查收集数据。结果显示，96%的收容人和97%的难民使用木柴作为主要燃料，其次是木炭（分别为40%和59%）。48%的东道国和73%的难民家庭报告了燃料堆放（使用一种以上的燃料类型）。我们的研究强调，难民对木炭和作物残留物的依赖程度更高，这反映了木柴的稀缺和木炭作为一种贸易商品的可用性。妇女和儿童，特别是难民中的妇女和儿童，在获得柴火方面面临更大的困难。社会文化规范、经济困难、政策执行不力、技能不足和对可持续做法认识不足造成木质燃料采购和利用造成的环境退化；导致森林砍伐、空气污染、土壤退化、生物多样性丧失以及对生计的不利影响。木材燃料的来源和使用的根本原因和影响是复杂和深刻相互关联的，突出表明需要采取跨学科、顾及性别和具体情况的办法，在收容社区和难民社区促进可持续和更清洁的木材燃料系统。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating the socio-economic and environmental impacts of renewable energy deployment: A global perspective 评估可再生能源部署的社会经济和环境影响：全球视角

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.esd.2025.101863

Ankur Srivastava , Pradeep Kumar Meena , Chitresh Nayak , Chaitanya Girish Burande , Chandrika S Wagle , Sagar Shelare

The rapid and widespread implementation of renewable energy (RE) systems across various sectors is vital to mitigating global warming. This study synthesizes insights from 270 peer-reviewed articles published over the past decade, examining the social, economic, and environmental impacts of RE technologies. It highlights recurring themes, challenges, opportunities, and divergences in findings shaped by regional and contextual factors. Social dimensions—particularly trust in institutions and the quality of governance—emerge as key enablers of RE adoption. The concept of place attachment also receives attention, although its role remains contested, with studies divided on whether it facilitates or obstructs RE initiatives. Economically, while the global agenda favors sustainable energy, many developed and developing countries continue to prioritize fossil fuel development for economic growth. Environmentally, much of the literature focuses on the localized negative impacts of RE projects, often underemphasizing their broader climate mitigation benefits. Additionally, there is a significant lack of research on the environmental implications of RE deployment in low-income countries. Two critical research gaps are identified: the need to further explore the benefits of co-locating RE infrastructure in developing economies and the importance of integrating First Nations perspectives and active participation in RE research and project planning.

在各个部门迅速和广泛地实施可再生能源（RE）系统对于减缓全球变暖至关重要。本研究综合了过去十年发表的270篇同行评议文章的见解，研究了可再生能源技术的社会、经济和环境影响。它强调了反复出现的主题、挑战、机遇以及受区域和背景因素影响的研究结果的差异。社会层面——特别是对机构的信任和治理质量——成为采用可再生能源的关键推动因素。地点依恋的概念也受到了关注，尽管它的作用仍然存在争议，关于它是促进还是阻碍RE倡议的研究存在分歧。在经济上，虽然全球议程支持可持续能源，但许多发达国家和发展中国家继续将化石燃料开发作为经济增长的优先事项。在环境方面，许多文献侧重于可再生能源项目的局部负面影响，往往低估了其更广泛的气候缓解效益。此外，对低收入国家部署可再生能源的环境影响的研究明显缺乏。确定了两个关键的研究缺口：需要进一步探索在发展中经济体共同安置可再生能源基础设施的好处，以及整合原住民观点和积极参与可再生能源研究和项目规划的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating the socio-economic and environmental impacts of renewable energy deployment: A global perspective 评估可再生能源部署的社会经济和环境影响：全球视角

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.esd.2025.101863

Ankur Srivastava , Pradeep Kumar Meena , Chitresh Nayak , Chaitanya Girish Burande , Chandrika S Wagle , Sagar Shelare

The rapid and widespread implementation of renewable energy (RE) systems across various sectors is vital to mitigating global warming. This study synthesizes insights from 270 peer-reviewed articles published over the past decade, examining the social, economic, and environmental impacts of RE technologies. It highlights recurring themes, challenges, opportunities, and divergences in findings shaped by regional and contextual factors. Social dimensions—particularly trust in institutions and the quality of governance—emerge as key enablers of RE adoption. The concept of place attachment also receives attention, although its role remains contested, with studies divided on whether it facilitates or obstructs RE initiatives. Economically, while the global agenda favors sustainable energy, many developed and developing countries continue to prioritize fossil fuel development for economic growth. Environmentally, much of the literature focuses on the localized negative impacts of RE projects, often underemphasizing their broader climate mitigation benefits. Additionally, there is a significant lack of research on the environmental implications of RE deployment in low-income countries. Two critical research gaps are identified: the need to further explore the benefits of co-locating RE infrastructure in developing economies and the importance of integrating First Nations perspectives and active participation in RE research and project planning.

在各个部门迅速和广泛地实施可再生能源（RE）系统对于减缓全球变暖至关重要。本研究综合了过去十年发表的270篇同行评议文章的见解，研究了可再生能源技术的社会、经济和环境影响。它强调了反复出现的主题、挑战、机遇以及受区域和背景因素影响的研究结果的差异。社会层面——特别是对机构的信任和治理质量——成为采用可再生能源的关键推动因素。地点依恋的概念也受到了关注，尽管它的作用仍然存在争议，关于它是促进还是阻碍RE倡议的研究存在分歧。在经济上，虽然全球议程支持可持续能源，但许多发达国家和发展中国家继续将化石燃料开发作为经济增长的优先事项。在环境方面，许多文献侧重于可再生能源项目的局部负面影响，往往低估了其更广泛的气候缓解效益。此外，对低收入国家部署可再生能源的环境影响的研究明显缺乏。确定了两个关键的研究缺口：需要进一步探索在发展中经济体共同安置可再生能源基础设施的好处，以及整合原住民观点和积极参与可再生能源研究和项目规划的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Decision models for minigrid implementation: Emerging role beyond clean energy access - evidence from India with global relevance 微型电网实施的决策模型：超越清洁能源获取的新兴角色——来自印度的具有全球相关性的证据

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.esd.2025.101857

Madhav Sharma, Anoop Singh

Access to reliable and sustainable electricity remains a critical challenge in regions marked by socio-economic disparities and geographic constraints, exacerbating energy access inequities. Minigrids and microgrids (MGs) emerge as a promising renewable energy solution, bridging the gap in clean energy access while fostering economic development. However, implementing MGs faces significant challenges related to regulations, financing, and socio-economic factors.

This study examines the development of MGs in India, focusing on how evolving regulatory frameworks, socio-economic conditions, and geo-spatial factors influence deployment decisions. The analytical framework developed offers insights adaptable to electricity access planning in other resource-constrained and geographically challenging contexts, thereby extending the research's global relevance. A geo-spatial analysis of 942 public MGs implemented across seven states was conducted, examining variables such as population density, proximity to existing grids, land use, irrigation patterns, and accessibility. Detailed insights were further derived from 610 previously unelectrified villages in Jharkhand, analysing deployment decisions based on socio-economic and geo-spatial parameters. A decision-tree classification model was developed to examine the selection of electrification strategies, including MGs, stand-alone solar systems, or deferred electrification. The findings highlight that MGs have been particularly deployed in challenging terrains, such as flood-prone, forested, and high-altitude areas, where grid extension may be techno-commercially impractical. Sparse population regions necessitate customized MG solutions, while villages with poor road connectivity and greater distances from electricity networks exhibit higher adoption rates of MGs. This study offers evidence-based recommendations for MG deployment and regulatory reforms ensuring non-discrimination and operationalize a USO fund awarding VGF via competitive bidding.

在社会经济差异和地理限制突出的地区，获得可靠和可持续的电力仍然是一项重大挑战，加剧了能源获取的不平等。微型电网和微电网作为一种有前景的可再生能源解决方案出现，在促进经济发展的同时弥合了清洁能源获取方面的差距。然而，实施千年发展目标面临着与法规、融资和社会经济因素相关的重大挑战。本研究考察了印度MGs的发展，重点关注不断发展的监管框架、社会经济条件和地理空间因素如何影响部署决策。所开发的分析框架提供了适用于其他资源受限和地理挑战性背景下的电力接入规划的见解，从而扩展了该研究的全球相关性。对七个州实施的942个公共mg进行了地理空间分析，考察了人口密度、与现有电网的接近程度、土地利用、灌溉模式和可达性等变量。从贾坎德邦610个以前没有通电的村庄进一步获得了详细的见解，分析了基于社会经济和地理空间参数的部署决策。开发了决策树分类模型来检查电气化策略的选择，包括mg，独立太阳能系统或延迟电气化。研究结果强调，MGs尤其被部署在具有挑战性的地形，如洪水易发地区、森林和高海拔地区，在这些地区，电网扩展在技术和商业上可能是不切实际的。人口稀少的地区需要定制的MG解决方案，而道路连通性差且距离电网较远的村庄则具有更高的MG采用率。本研究为MG的部署和监管改革提供了基于证据的建议，以确保非歧视，并通过竞争性招标实施USO基金授予VGF。

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引用次数: 0

An implementation science analysis of an ethanol cooking fuel promotion project in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆乙醇烹饪燃料推广项目的实施科学分析

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.esd.2025.101869

Megan Benka-Coker , Maggie L. Clark , Marc Jeuland , Wubshet Tadele , Fiona Rick , Remidius Ruhinduka , Heather Miller , Harry Stokes , Ashlinn Quinn

In 2019, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) launched the “Promotion of Bio-Ethanol as Alternative Clean Fuel for Cooking in the United Republic of Tanzania” project with an aim to promote and distribute 500,000 bioethanol stoves in Dar es Salaam by 2024. The “Proof of Concept” Phase I of the project aimed to sell 110,000 stoves and establish a strong retail market for ethanol fuel. In this study, we conduct an implementation science analysis of Phase I of the project, describing the roll-out of this market-based bioethanol stove program. Leveraging program administrative data, individual interviews and focus-group discussions, we apply the RE-AIM framework to evaluate the successes and limitations of the project. Our findings point to a number of challenges that impeded the establishment of this new market for ethanol cooking technologies and fuels in Dar es Salaam, that were made substantially more difficult by the COVID-19 pandemic. While individual consumers valued the stove, the sale of stoves during Phase I fell far short of targets. Several factors played a role in this underperformance, including the ubiquity and convenience of alternative charcoal fuel, the initial and recurring costs of ethanol stoves and fuel refills, and the limited accessibility of ethanol retail outlets to consumers. Although the initial roll-out of bioethanol stoves in Dar es Salaam underperformed, representatives from UNIDO and stove distributors remain optimistic that the next phase of the project will yield improved results. Our review of this large-scale clean energy project provides key lessons for other similar initiatives, and emphasizes the importance of supportive policies in promoting clean energy.

2019年，联合国工业发展组织（工发组织）启动了“在坦桑尼亚联合共和国推广生物乙醇作为替代清洁烹饪燃料”项目，目标是到2024年在达累斯萨拉姆推广和分发50万个生物乙醇炉灶。该项目的“概念验证”第一阶段旨在销售11万个炉灶，并建立一个强大的乙醇燃料零售市场。在本研究中，我们对项目的第一阶段进行了实施科学分析，描述了这个基于市场的生物乙醇炉计划的推出。利用项目管理数据、个人访谈和焦点小组讨论，我们应用RE-AIM框架来评估项目的成功和局限性。我们的研究结果表明，阻碍在达累斯萨拉姆建立乙醇烹饪技术和燃料新市场的一些挑战，因COVID-19大流行而变得更加困难。虽然个人消费者很重视炉子，但第一阶段炉子的销售远远达不到目标。造成这种不佳表现的因素有几个，包括替代木炭燃料的普遍存在和便利性，乙醇炉和燃料补充的初始和经常性成本，以及消费者获得乙醇零售店的机会有限。虽然达累斯萨拉姆生物乙醇炉的初步推广表现不佳，但工发组织的代表和炉子分销商仍然乐观地认为，该项目的下一阶段将产生更好的结果。我们对这一大型清洁能源项目的回顾为其他类似倡议提供了关键经验，并强调了支持政策在促进清洁能源方面的重要性。

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Decision models for minigrid implementation: Emerging role beyond clean energy access - evidence from India with global relevance 微型电网实施的决策模型：超越清洁能源获取的新兴角色——来自印度的具有全球相关性的证据

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.esd.2025.101857

Madhav Sharma, Anoop Singh

Access to reliable and sustainable electricity remains a critical challenge in regions marked by socio-economic disparities and geographic constraints, exacerbating energy access inequities. Minigrids and microgrids (MGs) emerge as a promising renewable energy solution, bridging the gap in clean energy access while fostering economic development. However, implementing MGs faces significant challenges related to regulations, financing, and socio-economic factors.

This study examines the development of MGs in India, focusing on how evolving regulatory frameworks, socio-economic conditions, and geo-spatial factors influence deployment decisions. The analytical framework developed offers insights adaptable to electricity access planning in other resource-constrained and geographically challenging contexts, thereby extending the research's global relevance. A geo-spatial analysis of 942 public MGs implemented across seven states was conducted, examining variables such as population density, proximity to existing grids, land use, irrigation patterns, and accessibility. Detailed insights were further derived from 610 previously unelectrified villages in Jharkhand, analysing deployment decisions based on socio-economic and geo-spatial parameters. A decision-tree classification model was developed to examine the selection of electrification strategies, including MGs, stand-alone solar systems, or deferred electrification. The findings highlight that MGs have been particularly deployed in challenging terrains, such as flood-prone, forested, and high-altitude areas, where grid extension may be techno-commercially impractical. Sparse population regions necessitate customized MG solutions, while villages with poor road connectivity and greater distances from electricity networks exhibit higher adoption rates of MGs. This study offers evidence-based recommendations for MG deployment and regulatory reforms ensuring non-discrimination and operationalize a USO fund awarding VGF via competitive bidding.

在社会经济差异和地理限制突出的地区，获得可靠和可持续的电力仍然是一项重大挑战，加剧了能源获取的不平等。微型电网和微电网作为一种有前景的可再生能源解决方案出现，在促进经济发展的同时弥合了清洁能源获取方面的差距。然而，实施千年发展目标面临着与法规、融资和社会经济因素相关的重大挑战。本研究考察了印度MGs的发展，重点关注不断发展的监管框架、社会经济条件和地理空间因素如何影响部署决策。所开发的分析框架提供了适用于其他资源受限和地理挑战性背景下的电力接入规划的见解，从而扩展了该研究的全球相关性。对七个州实施的942个公共mg进行了地理空间分析，考察了人口密度、与现有电网的接近程度、土地利用、灌溉模式和可达性等变量。从贾坎德邦610个以前没有通电的村庄进一步获得了详细的见解，分析了基于社会经济和地理空间参数的部署决策。开发了决策树分类模型来检查电气化策略的选择，包括mg，独立太阳能系统或延迟电气化。研究结果强调，MGs尤其被部署在具有挑战性的地形，如洪水易发地区、森林和高海拔地区，在这些地区，电网扩展在技术和商业上可能是不切实际的。人口稀少的地区需要定制的MG解决方案，而道路连通性差且距离电网较远的村庄则具有更高的MG采用率。本研究为MG的部署和监管改革提供了基于证据的建议，以确保非歧视，并通过竞争性招标实施USO基金授予VGF。

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引用次数: 0