Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1007/s11116-026-10721-1
Simon Werschmöller, Sina Steele, Martin Lanzendorf
As part of the social-ecological transformation of urban mobility, car-reduced neighbourhoods offer a promising approach for facilitating car-independent lifestyles. To foster sustainable transport, they implement ‘pull’ measures like subsidized shared mobility alongside ‘push’ measures such as parking space reduction and pricing to discourage car use and ownership. Because the effects of these car-reduced neighbourhoods on residents’ travel behaviour remain understudied, this paper evaluates their impact by examining car ownership levels and multimodal travel patterns. Using a case–control study, we compare residents of the car-reduced Lincoln neighbourhood in Darmstadt, Germany, with other recent movers within the same municipality (N = 952). To isolate the specific impact of residential location, the potential effects of residential self-selection and relocation are considered by incorporating travel-related attitudes, socio-demographic characteristics, and mobility tool ownership. Our findings indicate that living in a car-reduced neighbourhood significantly reduces multi-car ownership and, among residents who have a high affinity for sharing, also increases car-free households. Furthermore, residents of the car-reduced neighbourhood are more likely to adopt multimodal travel patterns that do not involve regular car use compared to those living in the inner city. The study underscores the potential of residential area design in fostering sustainable travel behaviour.
{"title":"How living in a car-reduced neighbourhood decreases car ownership and increases multimodality: a case–control study from Germany","authors":"Simon Werschmöller, Sina Steele, Martin Lanzendorf","doi":"10.1007/s11116-026-10721-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-026-10721-1","url":null,"abstract":"As part of the social-ecological transformation of urban mobility, car-reduced neighbourhoods offer a promising approach for facilitating car-independent lifestyles. To foster sustainable transport, they implement ‘pull’ measures like subsidized shared mobility alongside ‘push’ measures such as parking space reduction and pricing to discourage car use and ownership. Because the effects of these car-reduced neighbourhoods on residents’ travel behaviour remain understudied, this paper evaluates their impact by examining car ownership levels and multimodal travel patterns. Using a case–control study, we compare residents of the car-reduced Lincoln neighbourhood in Darmstadt, Germany, with other recent movers within the same municipality (N = 952). To isolate the specific impact of residential location, the potential effects of residential self-selection and relocation are considered by incorporating travel-related attitudes, socio-demographic characteristics, and mobility tool ownership. Our findings indicate that living in a car-reduced neighbourhood significantly reduces multi-car ownership and, among residents who have a high affinity for sharing, also increases car-free households. Furthermore, residents of the car-reduced neighbourhood are more likely to adopt multimodal travel patterns that do not involve regular car use compared to those living in the inner city. The study underscores the potential of residential area design in fostering sustainable travel behaviour.","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1007/s11116-026-10723-z
Xueqi Ding, Yuqian Zhang, Yanjie Ji
{"title":"Understanding the dynamics between shared E-bikes and buses: a multi-factor analysis for policy decision-making","authors":"Xueqi Ding, Yuqian Zhang, Yanjie Ji","doi":"10.1007/s11116-026-10723-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-026-10723-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1007/s11116-026-10724-y
Thiago Vinicius Louro, Anna Beatriz Grigolon, Alejandro Tirachini, André Luiz Cunha, Karst T. Geurs
Speed is a pivotal factor in cycling mobility, influencing travel times, convenience, accessibility, and mode choice. However, empirical models of cycling speed, particularly for electric bicycles, remain limited. This study aims to examine the impact of infrastructure and topographic determinants on cycling speeds and network performance of electric bicycles, compared to conventional bicycles. Using a comprehensive GPS-based dataset from São Paulo’s Tembici bikesharing system, we employ linear mixed-effects models to analyze detailed variations in cycling speeds at the tracking point level, and linear regression at the trip level to assess overall trip dynamics. Novel variables, such as car traffic data from Uber, are incorporated, along with interactions between road segment length and cycling infrastructure type. Results show that electric bicycles consistently achieve higher speeds than conventional bikes, especially on challenging terrains and longer trips, due to motor assistance. Car speed significantly reduces speed for both conventional and electric bicycles. Segregated cycling infrastructure significantly increases speeds, with the greatest benefits observed for e-bikes on steep gradients. At intersections and traffic lights, e-bikes show greater sensitivity to stops in the segment-based analysis, but they recover more quickly at the trip level. E-bikes also led to a 14.2% improvement in the global efficiency of the cycling network, a measure of how effectively the network supports movement between all pairs of nodes, and our analysis of betweenness centrality showed that e-bikes change the importance of specific routes, making longer roads more critical. These findings underscore the importance of targeted investments in cycling infrastructure, particularly segregated lanes, to optimize e-bike performance, and support sustainable urban transport systems.
{"title":"How do E-Bikes measure up? Analyzing speed differences and network impacts of São paulo’s bikesharing system","authors":"Thiago Vinicius Louro, Anna Beatriz Grigolon, Alejandro Tirachini, André Luiz Cunha, Karst T. Geurs","doi":"10.1007/s11116-026-10724-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-026-10724-y","url":null,"abstract":"Speed is a pivotal factor in cycling mobility, influencing travel times, convenience, accessibility, and mode choice. However, empirical models of cycling speed, particularly for electric bicycles, remain limited. This study aims to examine the impact of infrastructure and topographic determinants on cycling speeds and network performance of electric bicycles, compared to conventional bicycles. Using a comprehensive GPS-based dataset from São Paulo’s Tembici bikesharing system, we employ linear mixed-effects models to analyze detailed variations in cycling speeds at the tracking point level, and linear regression at the trip level to assess overall trip dynamics. Novel variables, such as car traffic data from Uber, are incorporated, along with interactions between road segment length and cycling infrastructure type. Results show that electric bicycles consistently achieve higher speeds than conventional bikes, especially on challenging terrains and longer trips, due to motor assistance. Car speed significantly reduces speed for both conventional and electric bicycles. Segregated cycling infrastructure significantly increases speeds, with the greatest benefits observed for e-bikes on steep gradients. At intersections and traffic lights, e-bikes show greater sensitivity to stops in the segment-based analysis, but they recover more quickly at the trip level. E-bikes also led to a 14.2% improvement in the global efficiency of the cycling network, a measure of how effectively the network supports movement between all pairs of nodes, and our analysis of betweenness centrality showed that e-bikes change the importance of specific routes, making longer roads more critical. These findings underscore the importance of targeted investments in cycling infrastructure, particularly segregated lanes, to optimize e-bike performance, and support sustainable urban transport systems.","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1007/s11116-026-10720-2
Ali Najmi, Maryam Bostanara, Nazmul Arefin Khan, Joshua Auld, Taha Hossein Rashidi
{"title":"Time-use behaviour in the United Kingdom: a comparative analysis of pre-COVID19 and during COVID19","authors":"Ali Najmi, Maryam Bostanara, Nazmul Arefin Khan, Joshua Auld, Taha Hossein Rashidi","doi":"10.1007/s11116-026-10720-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-026-10720-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146056024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1007/s11116-025-10716-4
Ingrid Johansson, Hans Sipilä, Carl-William Palmqvist
The railway transport system has seen an increasing demand in recent years, while delays and missed punctuality goals continue to be problems in many countries. To improve punctuality, the amount of primary delays needs to be decreased, and knowledge of the shares of the different types of delay – entry, run, and dwell – is important to identify the most efficient countermeasures. This paper investigates the punctuality in the three Swedish metropolitan regions around Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö, applying Circumscribed Central Composite Design in the calibration of a macroscopic simulation tool. The results show that the ratio of primary to secondary delays varied from 1:1.8 to 1:3.8 between the geographical regions, and that the mix of primary entry, run, and dwell delays can vary substantially between regions. In all cases, the primary delays need to decrease by well over $$40%$$ to reach the goal of $$95%$$ punctuality, highlighting the importance of reducing primary dwell delays to improve punctuality. For simulation purposes, our results highlight that large networks require careful calibration, as key parameters and inputs vary significantly between different parts of the network. Future work includes experimenting with iterated calibration runs, modelling the prediction error between simulated and observed punctuality, simulating a larger network while allowing for regional differences in input settings and distributions, investigating the potential relationship between capacity utilisation and the occurrence of secondary delays, and exploring the possibility of automating the calibration process.
{"title":"Simulating railway punctuality in three Swedish metropolitan regions","authors":"Ingrid Johansson, Hans Sipilä, Carl-William Palmqvist","doi":"10.1007/s11116-025-10716-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-025-10716-4","url":null,"abstract":"The railway transport system has seen an increasing demand in recent years, while delays and missed punctuality goals continue to be problems in many countries. To improve punctuality, the amount of primary delays needs to be decreased, and knowledge of the shares of the different types of delay – entry, run, and dwell – is important to identify the most efficient countermeasures. This paper investigates the punctuality in the three Swedish metropolitan regions around Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö, applying Circumscribed Central Composite Design in the calibration of a macroscopic simulation tool. The results show that the ratio of primary to secondary delays varied from 1:1.8 to 1:3.8 between the geographical regions, and that the mix of primary entry, run, and dwell delays can vary substantially between regions. In all cases, the primary delays need to decrease by well over <jats:inline-formula> <jats:tex-math>$$40%$$</jats:tex-math> </jats:inline-formula> to reach the goal of <jats:inline-formula> <jats:tex-math>$$95%$$</jats:tex-math> </jats:inline-formula> punctuality, highlighting the importance of reducing primary dwell delays to improve punctuality. For simulation purposes, our results highlight that large networks require careful calibration, as key parameters and inputs vary significantly between different parts of the network. Future work includes experimenting with iterated calibration runs, modelling the prediction error between simulated and observed punctuality, simulating a larger network while allowing for regional differences in input settings and distributions, investigating the potential relationship between capacity utilisation and the occurrence of secondary delays, and exploring the possibility of automating the calibration process.","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145947256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1007/s11116-025-10714-6
Haotian Su, Nazmul A. Khan, Krishna M. Gurumurthy, Joseph Paul, Rakesh Gangadharaiah, Lisa Boor, Kristin Kolodge, Joshua Auld, Johnell O. Brooks, Yunyi Jia
Ridesharing has become an increasingly popular transportation method over the past decade. Transportation network companies such as Uber and Lyft generally provide two types of rideshare services: personal rideshare, in which users ride alone or with individuals they know, and pooled rideshare, in which users ride with passengers they do not know but share similar routes. Pooled rideshare is capable of reducing energy consumption and traffic in the transportation system in comparison to personal rideshare. Despite the growth in trip volume, ridesharing usage is still low compared to other popular transportation methods in the U.S., particularly traveling in one’s own personal vehicle. Furthermore, pooled rideshare usage is lower than personal rideshare. To understand riders’ preferences, a national survey ( N = 2884) was conducted in the U.S. to investigate users’ choice behaviors in rideshare services examining personal versus pooled rideshare. Each survey respondent completed 20 stated-preference scenarios where participants choose between a personal or pooled rideshare option. Based on the responses, a mixed logit model was developed to capture the choice behavior preferences of the participants. The model unveiled the impact of demographic and trip attribute variables on users’ rideshare preferences. The discussion encompassed insights into demographic backgrounds and trip attributes, accompanied by a set of policy recommendations aimed at enhancing future pooled rideshare utilization.
{"title":"Analyzing users’ preferences between personal and pooled rideshare services using a mixed logit modeling approach","authors":"Haotian Su, Nazmul A. Khan, Krishna M. Gurumurthy, Joseph Paul, Rakesh Gangadharaiah, Lisa Boor, Kristin Kolodge, Joshua Auld, Johnell O. Brooks, Yunyi Jia","doi":"10.1007/s11116-025-10714-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-025-10714-6","url":null,"abstract":"Ridesharing has become an increasingly popular transportation method over the past decade. Transportation network companies such as Uber and Lyft generally provide two types of rideshare services: personal rideshare, in which users ride alone or with individuals they know, and pooled rideshare, in which users ride with passengers they do not know but share similar routes. Pooled rideshare is capable of reducing energy consumption and traffic in the transportation system in comparison to personal rideshare. Despite the growth in trip volume, ridesharing usage is still low compared to other popular transportation methods in the U.S., particularly traveling in one’s own personal vehicle. Furthermore, pooled rideshare usage is lower than personal rideshare. To understand riders’ preferences, a national survey ( <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 2884) was conducted in the U.S. to investigate users’ choice behaviors in rideshare services examining personal versus pooled rideshare. Each survey respondent completed 20 stated-preference scenarios where participants choose between a personal or pooled rideshare option. Based on the responses, a mixed logit model was developed to capture the choice behavior preferences of the participants. The model unveiled the impact of demographic and trip attribute variables on users’ rideshare preferences. The discussion encompassed insights into demographic backgrounds and trip attributes, accompanied by a set of policy recommendations aimed at enhancing future pooled rideshare utilization.","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145947216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1007/s11116-025-10706-6
Adam Krathaus, Gongda Yu, Irina Benedyk, Panagiotis Ch. Anastasopoulos
This paper investigates the relationship between social networks and the activities they generate, by exploring inter-social-activity durations as a proposed measure of social activity participation frequency. To model the proposed measure, data were collected and processed from a publicly-available dataset sourced from the location-based social networking service Gowalla. The data include information from 3065 Texas Gowalla users, regarding social activity-travel behavior, and performance of modularity- and surprise-based community detection. To account for the longitudinal nature of the data, and for possible spatial instability of the model parameters across two major Texas cities, a grouped-random-parameters hazard-based duration modeling approach with heterogeneity in means is employed, and separate models are estimated for Austin and Dallas users. The results suggest that social activity participation frequency is affected by individual mobility, and by a number of social network effects, such as ego social network size, social group variety, and local closeness centrality. The findings call for a thorough investigation of the transportation system and social network interrelationships.
{"title":"Impacts of mobility and social networks on social activity-travel participation using location-based social network data","authors":"Adam Krathaus, Gongda Yu, Irina Benedyk, Panagiotis Ch. Anastasopoulos","doi":"10.1007/s11116-025-10706-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-025-10706-6","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the relationship between social networks and the activities they generate, by exploring inter-social-activity durations as a proposed measure of social activity participation frequency. To model the proposed measure, data were collected and processed from a publicly-available dataset sourced from the location-based social networking service Gowalla. The data include information from 3065 Texas Gowalla users, regarding social activity-travel behavior, and performance of modularity- and surprise-based community detection. To account for the longitudinal nature of the data, and for possible spatial instability of the model parameters across two major Texas cities, a grouped-random-parameters hazard-based duration modeling approach with heterogeneity in means is employed, and separate models are estimated for Austin and Dallas users. The results suggest that social activity participation frequency is affected by individual mobility, and by a number of social network effects, such as ego social network size, social group variety, and local closeness centrality. The findings call for a thorough investigation of the transportation system and social network interrelationships.","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145902348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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