Purpose This study aims to propose and study a refractive index sensor based on measuring variations of the internal diffuse reflectance from a glass interface in a functional design. The device is uncomplicated to assemble with simple optical elements and it can be built as a robust and stable sensor. Design/methodology/approach This study presents a simplified theoretical model of the signal obtained with the proposed device and perform a detailed analysis of its potential resolution and merits. Findings The authors report proof-of-principle experiments with a home-made device to evaluate its performance as a refractometer and index of refraction sensor. Originality/value The main novelty of the device is the use of a diffusing surface to couple light into a glass plate with a wide range of angles of refraction, including angles larger than the critical angle with the external medium, and using the same diffusing surface to couple reflected light out of the glass plate, including light that suffered total internal reflection.
{"title":"Functional refractive-index sensor by internal reflection of diffuse light","authors":"Diana Pineda-Vázquez, A. García-Valenzuela","doi":"10.1108/sr-08-2022-0301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-08-2022-0301","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to propose and study a refractive index sensor based on measuring variations of the internal diffuse reflectance from a glass interface in a functional design. The device is uncomplicated to assemble with simple optical elements and it can be built as a robust and stable sensor.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study presents a simplified theoretical model of the signal obtained with the proposed device and perform a detailed analysis of its potential resolution and merits.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The authors report proof-of-principle experiments with a home-made device to evaluate its performance as a refractometer and index of refraction sensor.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The main novelty of the device is the use of a diffusing surface to couple light into a glass plate with a wide range of angles of refraction, including angles larger than the critical angle with the external medium, and using the same diffusing surface to couple reflected light out of the glass plate, including light that suffered total internal reflection.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49513902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose With the rapid increase in the number of installed wind turbines (WTs) worldwide, requirements and expenses of maintenance have also increased significantly. The condition monitoring (CM) of WT provides a strong “soft guarantee” for preventive maintenance. The supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system records a huge amount of condition data, which has become an effective means of CM. The main objective of the present study is to summarize the application of SCADA data to fault detection in wind turbines, analyze its advantages and disadvantages and predict the potential of future investigations on the use of SCADA data for fault detection. Design/methodology/approach The authors first review the means of WT CM and summarize the characteristics of CM based on SCADA data. To ensure the quality of SCADA data, data preprocessing methods are analyzed and compared. Then, the failure modes of the key components are discussed and the SCADA data used for fault detection of each component are compared. Moreover, the fault detection methods for WT are classified and a general framework for fault detection is proposed. Finally, the issues in the WT fault detection method based on SCADA data are reviewed. Findings Based on the performed analyses, it is found that although the fault detection accuracy based on SCADA data is relatively poor, it has low capital expenses and low computational cost. More specifically, when there is scarce fault data, the normal SCADA data can be used to detect the fault time. However, the specific fault type cannot be identified in this way. When a large amount of fault data are accumulated in the SCADA system, it can not only detect the occurrence time of the fault but also identify the specific fault type. Originality/value The main contribution of the present study is to summarize the pre-processing methods for SCADA data, the data required for fault detection of key components and the characteristics of the fault detection model. Then we propose a general fault detection framework for wind turbines based on SCADA data, where the maintenance workers can choose the appropriate fault detection method according to different fault detection requirements and data resources. This article is expected to provide guidance for fault detection based on time-series sensor signals and be of interest to researchers, maintenance workers and managers.
{"title":"Application of SCADA data in wind turbine fault detection – a review","authors":"Junyan Ma, Yiping Yuan","doi":"10.1108/sr-06-2022-0255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-06-2022-0255","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000With the rapid increase in the number of installed wind turbines (WTs) worldwide, requirements and expenses of maintenance have also increased significantly. The condition monitoring (CM) of WT provides a strong “soft guarantee” for preventive maintenance. The supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system records a huge amount of condition data, which has become an effective means of CM. The main objective of the present study is to summarize the application of SCADA data to fault detection in wind turbines, analyze its advantages and disadvantages and predict the potential of future investigations on the use of SCADA data for fault detection.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The authors first review the means of WT CM and summarize the characteristics of CM based on SCADA data. To ensure the quality of SCADA data, data preprocessing methods are analyzed and compared. Then, the failure modes of the key components are discussed and the SCADA data used for fault detection of each component are compared. Moreover, the fault detection methods for WT are classified and a general framework for fault detection is proposed. Finally, the issues in the WT fault detection method based on SCADA data are reviewed.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Based on the performed analyses, it is found that although the fault detection accuracy based on SCADA data is relatively poor, it has low capital expenses and low computational cost. More specifically, when there is scarce fault data, the normal SCADA data can be used to detect the fault time. However, the specific fault type cannot be identified in this way. When a large amount of fault data are accumulated in the SCADA system, it can not only detect the occurrence time of the fault but also identify the specific fault type.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The main contribution of the present study is to summarize the pre-processing methods for SCADA data, the data required for fault detection of key components and the characteristics of the fault detection model. Then we propose a general fault detection framework for wind turbines based on SCADA data, where the maintenance workers can choose the appropriate fault detection method according to different fault detection requirements and data resources. This article is expected to provide guidance for fault detection based on time-series sensor signals and be of interest to researchers, maintenance workers and managers.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46757234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mengran Liu, Q. Zeng, Zeming Jian, Lei Nie, Jun Tu
Purpose Acoustic signals of the underwater targets are susceptible to noise, reverberation, submarine topography and biology, therefore it is difficult to precisely locate underwater targets. This paper proposes a new underwater Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT) interference passive localization method. This study aims to achieve precise location of the underwater acoustic targets. Design/methodology/approach The principle of HBT interference with ultrasensitive detection characteristics in optical measurements was introduced in the field of hydroacoustics. The coherence of the underwater target signal was analyzed using the HBT interference measurement principle, and the corresponding relationship between the signal coherence and target position was obtained. Consequently, an HBT interference localization model was established, and its validity was verified through simulations and experiments. Findings The effects of different array structures on the localization performance were obtained by simulation analysis, and the simulations confirmed that the HBT method exhibited a higher positioning accuracy than conventional beamforming. In addition, the experimental analysis demonstrated the excellent positioning performance of the HBT method, which verified the feasibility of the proposed method. Originality/value This study provides a new method for the passive localization of underwater targets, which may be widely used in the field of oceanic explorations.
{"title":"Underwater target passive acoustic localization method based on Hanbury Brown–Twiss interference","authors":"Mengran Liu, Q. Zeng, Zeming Jian, Lei Nie, Jun Tu","doi":"10.1108/sr-03-2022-0161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-03-2022-0161","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Acoustic signals of the underwater targets are susceptible to noise, reverberation, submarine topography and biology, therefore it is difficult to precisely locate underwater targets. This paper proposes a new underwater Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT) interference passive localization method. This study aims to achieve precise location of the underwater acoustic targets.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The principle of HBT interference with ultrasensitive detection characteristics in optical measurements was introduced in the field of hydroacoustics. The coherence of the underwater target signal was analyzed using the HBT interference measurement principle, and the corresponding relationship between the signal coherence and target position was obtained. Consequently, an HBT interference localization model was established, and its validity was verified through simulations and experiments.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The effects of different array structures on the localization performance were obtained by simulation analysis, and the simulations confirmed that the HBT method exhibited a higher positioning accuracy than conventional beamforming. In addition, the experimental analysis demonstrated the excellent positioning performance of the HBT method, which verified the feasibility of the proposed method.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study provides a new method for the passive localization of underwater targets, which may be widely used in the field of oceanic explorations.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49045489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Traditional algorithms require at least two complete vector observations to estimate orientation parameters. However, sensor faults and disturbances may cause some components of vector observations unavailable. This paper aims to propose algorithms to realize orientation estimation using vector observations with one or two components lost.
Design/methodology/approach
The fundamental of the proposed method is using norm equation and dot product equation to estimate the lost components, then, using an improved TRIAD to calculate attitude matrix. Specific algorithms for one and two lost components cases are constructed respectively, and the nonuniqueness of orientation estimation is analyzed from a geometric point of view. At last, experiments are performed to test the proposed algorithms.
Findings
The loss of components results in the loss of orientation information. The introduction of the norm equation and dot product equation can partially compensate for the loss of information. Experiment results and analysis show that the proposed algorithms can provide effective orientation estimation, and in vast majority of applications, the proposed algorithms can provide a unique solution in one lost component case and double solutions in two lost components case.
Originality/value
The proposed method addresses the problem of orientation estimation when one or two components of vector observations are unavailable. The introduction of the norm equation and dot product equation makes the calculation cost low, while the analyses from a geometric point of view makes the study of nonuniqueness more intuitive.
{"title":"Orientation estimation using vector observations with one or two components lost","authors":"Gang Shi, Honglei Shang","doi":"10.1108/sr-12-2021-0499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-12-2021-0499","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>Traditional algorithms require at least two complete vector observations to estimate orientation parameters. However, sensor faults and disturbances may cause some components of vector observations unavailable. This paper aims to propose algorithms to realize orientation estimation using vector observations with one or two components lost.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>The fundamental of the proposed method is using norm equation and dot product equation to estimate the lost components, then, using an improved TRIAD to calculate attitude matrix. Specific algorithms for one and two lost components cases are constructed respectively, and the nonuniqueness of orientation estimation is analyzed from a geometric point of view. At last, experiments are performed to test the proposed algorithms.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The loss of components results in the loss of orientation information. The introduction of the norm equation and dot product equation can partially compensate for the loss of information. Experiment results and analysis show that the proposed algorithms can provide effective orientation estimation, and in vast majority of applications, the proposed algorithms can provide a unique solution in one lost component case and double solutions in two lost components case.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>The proposed method addresses the problem of orientation estimation when one or two components of vector observations are unavailable. The introduction of the norm equation and dot product equation makes the calculation cost low, while the analyses from a geometric point of view makes the study of nonuniqueness more intuitive.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":"323 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138506240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose The flexible eddy current array sensor has the characteristics of lightweight and flexibility, which has a great application prospect in the field of fatigue crack monitoring. But the exciting layout and feature signal extraction have a great influence on the crack monitoring characteristics of the sensor. This paper aims to propose a method using crack disturbed voltage as sensitivity to characterize crack propagation. Design/methodology/approach Flexible eddy current array sensors with reverse and codirectional exciting layout are proposed, and the advantages and disadvantages of three characterization methods based on the change of trans-impedance amplitude, the change of the trans-impedance’s real and imaginary part and the crack disturbed voltage are compared and analyzed by finite element simulation. Finally, the fatigue crack monitoring experiment is carried out. Findings The crack disturbed voltage and the change of trans-impedance’s imaginary part can effectively characterize the crack propagation for sensors with different exciting layouts. The codirectional exciting layout sensor has better crack identification sensitivity than the reverse exciting layout sensor, especially the induction coil 2. When the distance between the exciting coil and the induction coil is 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mm, it is increased by 372.09%, 295.24% and 231.43%, respectively. Originality/value Crack disturbed voltage can effectively characterize the crack propagation for sensors with two different exciting layouts.
{"title":"A quantitative crack monitoring method based on crack disturbed voltage","authors":"Xianghong Fan, Yuting He","doi":"10.1108/sr-05-2022-0212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-05-2022-0212","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The flexible eddy current array sensor has the characteristics of lightweight and flexibility, which has a great application prospect in the field of fatigue crack monitoring. But the exciting layout and feature signal extraction have a great influence on the crack monitoring characteristics of the sensor. This paper aims to propose a method using crack disturbed voltage as sensitivity to characterize crack propagation.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Flexible eddy current array sensors with reverse and codirectional exciting layout are proposed, and the advantages and disadvantages of three characterization methods based on the change of trans-impedance amplitude, the change of the trans-impedance’s real and imaginary part and the crack disturbed voltage are compared and analyzed by finite element simulation. Finally, the fatigue crack monitoring experiment is carried out.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The crack disturbed voltage and the change of trans-impedance’s imaginary part can effectively characterize the crack propagation for sensors with different exciting layouts. The codirectional exciting layout sensor has better crack identification sensitivity than the reverse exciting layout sensor, especially the induction coil 2. When the distance between the exciting coil and the induction coil is 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mm, it is increased by 372.09%, 295.24% and 231.43%, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Crack disturbed voltage can effectively characterize the crack propagation for sensors with two different exciting layouts.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45333219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zi-Yan Wang, Xueli Yang, Caixuan Sun, Hongyan Liu, Jun Shao, Mengjie Wang, Junyi Dong, Guanlong Cao, Guofeng Pan
Purpose This paper aims to successfully synthesize three-dimensional spindle-like Au functionalized Co3O4-ZnO nanocomposites; characterize the structure, morphology and surface chemical properties of the products; study the effect of Au NPs doping concentration, operating temperature different gas to, sensing properties; and introduce an attractive gas sensor for acetone detection. Design/methodology/approach Au NPs functionalized Co3O4-ZnO nanocomposite was prepared by coprecipitation and impregnation methods; the structure and surface chemical property of the products were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, UV-Vis, BET and XPS. The sensing ability of Au@Co3O4-ZnO for acetone and mechanism was analyzed systematically. Findings The results of gas sensing tests show that the unique component structure, Schottky junction and catalytic effect of Au functionalization make it have low operating temperature, excellent selectivity, high response (10 ppm, 56) and rapid response recovery time. Research limitations/implications All the characterization and test data of the prepared materials are provided in this paper and reveals the gas sensing mechanism of the gas sensor. Practical implications The detection limit is 2.92–100 ppb acetone. It is promising to be applied in low-power, micro detection and miniature acetone gas sensors. Social implications The gas sensor prepared has a lower working temperature and low detection limit, so it has promising application prospects in low-concentration acetone detection and early warning. Originality/value The unique component structure, Schottky junction and catalytic effect of Au functionalization Co3O4-ZnO make it have low operating temperature, excellent selectivity and rapid response recovery time.
{"title":"Excellent acetone sensing performance of Au NPs functionalized Co3O4-ZnO nanocomposite","authors":"Zi-Yan Wang, Xueli Yang, Caixuan Sun, Hongyan Liu, Jun Shao, Mengjie Wang, Junyi Dong, Guanlong Cao, Guofeng Pan","doi":"10.1108/sr-12-2021-0486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-12-2021-0486","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to successfully synthesize three-dimensional spindle-like Au functionalized Co3O4-ZnO nanocomposites; characterize the structure, morphology and surface chemical properties of the products; study the effect of Au NPs doping concentration, operating temperature different gas to, sensing properties; and introduce an attractive gas sensor for acetone detection.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Au NPs functionalized Co3O4-ZnO nanocomposite was prepared by coprecipitation and impregnation methods; the structure and surface chemical property of the products were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, UV-Vis, BET and XPS. The sensing ability of Au@Co3O4-ZnO for acetone and mechanism was analyzed systematically.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results of gas sensing tests show that the unique component structure, Schottky junction and catalytic effect of Au functionalization make it have low operating temperature, excellent selectivity, high response (10 ppm, 56) and rapid response recovery time.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000All the characterization and test data of the prepared materials are provided in this paper and reveals the gas sensing mechanism of the gas sensor.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The detection limit is 2.92–100 ppb acetone. It is promising to be applied in low-power, micro detection and miniature acetone gas sensors.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000The gas sensor prepared has a lower working temperature and low detection limit, so it has promising application prospects in low-concentration acetone detection and early warning.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The unique component structure, Schottky junction and catalytic effect of Au functionalization Co3O4-ZnO make it have low operating temperature, excellent selectivity and rapid response recovery time.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44630436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marina Stramarkou, A. Bardakas, M. Krokida, C. Tsamis
Purpose Carbon dioxide (CO2) has attracted special scientific interest over the last years mainly because of its relation to climate change and indoor air quality. Except for this, CO2 can be used as an indicator of food freshness, patients’ clinical state and fire detection. Therefore, the accurate monitoring and controlling of CO2 levels are imperative. The development of highly sensitive, selective and reliable sensors that can efficiently distinguish CO2 in various conditions of temperature, humidity and other gases’ interference is the subject of intensive research with chemi-resistive zinc oxide (ZnO)-based sensors holding a privileged position. Several ZnO nanostructures have been used in sensing applications because of their versatile features. However, the deficient selectivity and long-term stability remain major concerns, especially when operating at room temperature. This study aims to encompass an extensive study of CO2 chemi-resistive sensors based on ZnO, introducing the most significant advances of recent years and the best strategies for enhancing ZnO sensing properties. Design/methodology/approach An overview of the different ZnO nanostructures used for CO2 sensing and their synthesis methods is presented, focusing on the parameters that highly affect the sensing mechanism and, thus, the performance of CO2 sensors. Findings The selectivity and sensitivity of ZnO sensors can be enhanced by adjusting various parameters during their synthesis and by doping or treating ZnO with suitable materials. Originality/value This paper summarises the advances in the rapidly evolving field of CO2 sensing by ZnO sensors and provides research directions for optimised sensors in the future.
{"title":"ZnO-based chemi-resistive sensors for CO2 detection: a review","authors":"Marina Stramarkou, A. Bardakas, M. Krokida, C. Tsamis","doi":"10.1108/sr-03-2022-0128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-03-2022-0128","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Carbon dioxide (CO2) has attracted special scientific interest over the last years mainly because of its relation to climate change and indoor air quality. Except for this, CO2 can be used as an indicator of food freshness, patients’ clinical state and fire detection. Therefore, the accurate monitoring and controlling of CO2 levels are imperative. The development of highly sensitive, selective and reliable sensors that can efficiently distinguish CO2 in various conditions of temperature, humidity and other gases’ interference is the subject of intensive research with chemi-resistive zinc oxide (ZnO)-based sensors holding a privileged position. Several ZnO nanostructures have been used in sensing applications because of their versatile features. However, the deficient selectivity and long-term stability remain major concerns, especially when operating at room temperature. This study aims to encompass an extensive study of CO2 chemi-resistive sensors based on ZnO, introducing the most significant advances of recent years and the best strategies for enhancing ZnO sensing properties.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000An overview of the different ZnO nanostructures used for CO2 sensing and their synthesis methods is presented, focusing on the parameters that highly affect the sensing mechanism and, thus, the performance of CO2 sensors.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The selectivity and sensitivity of ZnO sensors can be enhanced by adjusting various parameters during their synthesis and by doping or treating ZnO with suitable materials.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This paper summarises the advances in the rapidly evolving field of CO2 sensing by ZnO sensors and provides research directions for optimised sensors in the future.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49506729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose At present, smartphones are embedded with accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers and WiFi sensors. Most researchers have delved into the use of these sensors for localization. However, there are still many problems in reducing fingerprint mismatching and fusing these positioning data. The purpose of this paper is to improve positioning accuracy by reducing fingerprint mismatching and designing a weighted fusion algorithm. Design/methodology/approach For the problem of magnetic mismatching caused by singularity fingerprint, derivative Euclidean distance uses adjacent fingerprints to eliminate the influence of singularity fingerprint. To improve the positioning accuracy and robustness of the indoor navigation system, a weighted extended Kalman filter uses a weighted factor to fuse multisensor data. Findings The scenes of the teaching building, study room and office building are selected to collect data to test the algorithm’s performance. Experiments show that the average positioning accuracies of the teaching building, study room and office building are 1.41 m, 1.17 m, and 1.77 m, respectively. Originality/value The algorithm proposed in this paper effectively reduces fingerprint mismatching and improve positioning accuracy by adding a weighted factor. It provides a feasible solution for indoor positioning.
{"title":"A multisensor fusion algorithm of indoor localization using derivative Euclidean distance and the weighted extended Kalman filter","authors":"Jian Chen, S. Song, Yang Gu, Shanxin Zhang","doi":"10.1108/sr-10-2021-0337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-10-2021-0337","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000At present, smartphones are embedded with accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers and WiFi sensors. Most researchers have delved into the use of these sensors for localization. However, there are still many problems in reducing fingerprint mismatching and fusing these positioning data. The purpose of this paper is to improve positioning accuracy by reducing fingerprint mismatching and designing a weighted fusion algorithm.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000For the problem of magnetic mismatching caused by singularity fingerprint, derivative Euclidean distance uses adjacent fingerprints to eliminate the influence of singularity fingerprint. To improve the positioning accuracy and robustness of the indoor navigation system, a weighted extended Kalman filter uses a weighted factor to fuse multisensor data.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The scenes of the teaching building, study room and office building are selected to collect data to test the algorithm’s performance. Experiments show that the average positioning accuracies of the teaching building, study room and office building are 1.41 m, 1.17 m, and 1.77 m, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The algorithm proposed in this paper effectively reduces fingerprint mismatching and improve positioning accuracy by adding a weighted factor. It provides a feasible solution for indoor positioning.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44413103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present synthesis protocol of hydrogel composed of Chitosan (CS) and Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and establish an understanding of its thermal responsive behavior. It aims to prove the basic temperature sensing ability of a novel CS-PEG-based hydrogel and define its sensing span. Design/methodology/approach This study includes synthesis of CS and PEG-based hydrogel samples by first performing dissolution of both constituents, respectively, and then adding Glutaraldehyde as the cross-linking agent. It further includes proposed hydrogel’s swelling studies and dynamic behavior testing, followed by hydrogel characterization by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and SEM. The last section focuses on the use of proposed hydrogel as a temperature sensor. Findings Detailed experimental results show that a hydrogel comprising of CS and PEG presents a thermally responsive behavior. It offers potential to be used as a temperature responsive hydrogel-based sensor which could be used in medical applications. Originality/value This research study presents scope for future research in the field of thermally responsive bio-sensors. It provides basis for the fabrication of a thermal responsive sensor system based on hydrogels that can be used in specific medical applications.
{"title":"A study on the thermal responsive behavior of hydrogel-based materials and their potential use in medical applications","authors":"Aniqa Junaid, Murtaza Najabat Ali, Mariam Mir, Sadia Hassan","doi":"10.1108/sr-10-2021-0366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-10-2021-0366","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this paper is to present synthesis protocol of hydrogel composed of Chitosan (CS) and Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and establish an understanding of its thermal responsive behavior. It aims to prove the basic temperature sensing ability of a novel CS-PEG-based hydrogel and define its sensing span.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study includes synthesis of CS and PEG-based hydrogel samples by first performing dissolution of both constituents, respectively, and then adding Glutaraldehyde as the cross-linking agent. It further includes proposed hydrogel’s swelling studies and dynamic behavior testing, followed by hydrogel characterization by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and SEM. The last section focuses on the use of proposed hydrogel as a temperature sensor.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Detailed experimental results show that a hydrogel comprising of CS and PEG presents a thermally responsive behavior. It offers potential to be used as a temperature responsive hydrogel-based sensor which could be used in medical applications.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This research study presents scope for future research in the field of thermally responsive bio-sensors. It provides basis for the fabrication of a thermal responsive sensor system based on hydrogels that can be used in specific medical applications.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45357250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Ângela Cruz Macêdo dos Santos, L. Vellame, Alisson Jadavi Pereira Silva, J. C. de Araújo, A. M. Amaral
Purpose This paper aims to determine and evaluate the calibration curve for low-cost electronic sensors in soils from a reclaimed and degraded area in the Brazilian semiarid region. Design/methodology/approach The probes were made, programmed and inserted in soil previously conditioned in polyethylene cylinders. The sets “cylinder + probe + soil” were subjected to saturation for a period of 24 h and, subsequently, gravitational drainage at room temperature and daily weighings were performed. When the set reached constant weight, the samples were taken to dry in an oven at 105°C to determine the dry mass and later, determine the gravimetric moisture and convert it into volumetric. The volumetric moistures obtained were related to measured frequency variations and the adjustments were analyzed by regression, which was subjected to analysis of variance (p = 0.05), and related by a third-degree polynomial equation whose quality of the fit was verified with coefficient of determination (R2). Findings The obtained moistures were related to the estimated moistures and evaluated by the root-mean-square error and straight 1:1. The results demonstrate that the sensors are not accurate for moistures in saturation, but representative and statistically acceptable results for moistures up to field capacity. Originality/value This paper has not been published before in its current, or similar form.
{"title":"Evaluation of low-cost electronic sensors for monitoring soil moisture in an experimental area in the Brazilian semiarid","authors":"Maria Ângela Cruz Macêdo dos Santos, L. Vellame, Alisson Jadavi Pereira Silva, J. C. de Araújo, A. M. Amaral","doi":"10.1108/sr-09-2021-0316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sr-09-2021-0316","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to determine and evaluate the calibration curve for low-cost electronic sensors in soils from a reclaimed and degraded area in the Brazilian semiarid region.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The probes were made, programmed and inserted in soil previously conditioned in polyethylene cylinders. The sets “cylinder + probe + soil” were subjected to saturation for a period of 24 h and, subsequently, gravitational drainage at room temperature and daily weighings were performed. When the set reached constant weight, the samples were taken to dry in an oven at 105°C to determine the dry mass and later, determine the gravimetric moisture and convert it into volumetric. The volumetric moistures obtained were related to measured frequency variations and the adjustments were analyzed by regression, which was subjected to analysis of variance (p = 0.05), and related by a third-degree polynomial equation whose quality of the fit was verified with coefficient of determination (R2).\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The obtained moistures were related to the estimated moistures and evaluated by the root-mean-square error and straight 1:1. The results demonstrate that the sensors are not accurate for moistures in saturation, but representative and statistically acceptable results for moistures up to field capacity.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This paper has not been published before in its current, or similar form.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49540,"journal":{"name":"Sensor Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44555149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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