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Health Monitoring of a Compression Ignition Engine Fed with Different Low-Sulphur Marine Fuels by Endoscopic Image Processing and Analysis 应用内窥镜图像处理与分析对不同低硫船用燃料压燃式发动机的健康监测
IF 2 3区 工程技术 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/pomr-2023-0024
Z. Korczewski
Abstract This article characterises the methodology for the endoscopic testing of a laboratory diesel engine used for testing marine fuels. The ‘Shadow’ measurement method used in the XLG3 type EVEREST digital endoscope, for quantitative and qualitative identification of detected surface defects, was approximated. Representative endoscopic images of the elements limiting the working space of the research engine are demonstrated, having been recorded during the usable quality testing of newly produced, low-sulphur marine fuels, so-called ‘modified fuels’. The main purpose of the endoscopic examinations was the final verification of the tested fuel’s suitability for feeding full-size marine engines.
摘要本文介绍了用于测试船用燃料的实验室柴油发动机的内窥镜测试方法。XLG3型EVEEST数字内窥镜中使用的“阴影”测量方法,用于定量和定性识别检测到的表面缺陷,是近似的。展示了限制研究发动机工作空间的元素的代表性内窥镜图像,这些图像是在新生产的低硫船用燃料(即所谓的“改良燃料”)的可用质量测试期间记录的。内窥镜检查的主要目的是最终验证测试燃料是否适合为全尺寸船用发动机供油。
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引用次数: 1
Numerical Analysis of Resistance Characteristics of a Novel High-Speed Quadramaran 一种新型高速四驱车阻力特性的数值分析
IF 2 3区 工程技术 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/pomr-2023-0018
Xin Liu, Jinglei Yang, Defeng Wu, Liang Hou, Xiaowen Li, Qian Wan
Abstract This paper utilised computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology to calculate the resistance of a novel high-speed quadramaran in calm water using the Navier‒Stokes (N‒S) equation, analysed the total resistance, frictional resistance, and residual resistance characteristics of this novel high-speed quadramaran at different length Froude numbers, and compared them with the results of a conventional high-speed catamaran with the same displacement. The results showed that the total resistance of the quadramaran had a significant hump at the Froude number of 0.6, due to the complexity of the wave interference among the four demihulls, and the hump value was about 1.6 times that of the catamaran. Above the hump speed, the total resistance of the quadramaran decreased with the increase of the Froude number, until reaching the Froude number of 1.06, when the curve became flat, and it showed a maximum resistance reduction of 40% at the Froude number of 1.66 compared with the catamaran, where the total resistance curve was steep. The frictional resistance of the quadramaran increased gradually with the growth of the Froude number, which was basically consistent with the change trend of the catamaran. The residual resistance of the quadramaran first rose and then reduced with the rising Froude number, the curve showed a large hump due to the adverse wave interference, and the hump value was about 1.7 times that of the catamaran. Above the Froude number of 1.06, as the wave interference changed from adverse to favourable, the quadramaran had lower residual resistance than the catamaran. The bow and stern demihulls of the quadramaran were also analysed for their resistance characteristics. The total resistance of the bow demihulls increased gradually with the increase of the Froude number, the curve had a small hump at the Froude number of 0.7, and above the hump speed, the curve was steep. The total resistance of the stern demihulls first increased and then decreased with the growth of the Froude number, the hump value at the Froude number of 0.85 was significant and was about 2 times that of the bow demihulls, and the curve became flat above the Froude number of 1.51.
摘要利用计算流体力学(CFD)技术,利用Navier-Stokes (N-S)方程计算了一种新型高速四体船在平静水中的阻力,分析了该新型高速四体船在不同长度弗劳德数下的总阻力、摩擦阻力和剩余阻力特性,并与相同排水量的常规高速双体船的结果进行了比较。结果表明,由于四个半船身之间波浪干涉的复杂性,四体船的总阻力在弗劳德数0.6处出现了显著的驼峰,驼峰值约为双体船的1.6倍。在驼峰航速以上,四体船的总阻力随弗劳德数的增加而减小,直到弗劳德数为1.06时,总阻力曲线趋于平缓,在弗劳德数为1.66时,与总阻力曲线较陡的双体船相比,阻力最大减小40%。随着弗劳德数的增加,四体船的摩擦阻力逐渐增大,这与双体船的变化趋势基本一致。随着弗劳德数的增加,四体船的剩余阻力呈先上升后降低的趋势,由于逆波的干扰,曲线呈现一个较大的驼峰,驼峰值约为双体船的1.7倍。在弗劳德数1.06以上,当波浪干涉由不利变为有利时,四体船的剩余阻力低于双体船。对四体船艏、艉半船身的阻力特性进行了分析。随着弗劳德数的增加,船首半壳总阻力逐渐增大,在弗劳德数为0.7时,曲线出现一个小的驼峰,在驼峰速度以上,曲线变得陡峭。随着弗劳德数的增加,尾半船身总阻力先增大后减小,在弗劳德数0.85处驼峰值显著,约为艏半船身的2倍,在弗劳德数1.51以上曲线趋于平缓。
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引用次数: 0
Comments on Existing Analytical Solutions to the Wave-Induced Cyclic Response of a Porous Seabed of Infinite Thickness 对无限厚多孔海床波浪循环响应现有解析解的评述
IF 2 3区 工程技术 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/pomr-2023-0033
W. Magda
Abstract This paper deals with the wave-induced cyclic response of a porous seabed (by means of oscillating parameters: pore-fluid pressure, soil displacement components, effective normal stress and shear stress components) due to a surface sinusoidal water-wave propagating over a seabed of infinite thickness. The main existing analytical solutions to the governing problem are critically discussed, pointing out their meaningful errors and doubtful items. A phase-lag phenomena is particularly studied as an immanent part of any complex-valued analytical solutions having a cyclic nature.
摘要本文通过振荡参数:孔隙流体压力、土壤位移分量、有效法向应力和剪切应力分量,研究了在无限厚度海床上传播的表面正弦波引起的多孔海床的波浪诱导循环响应。对治理问题现有的主要分析解决方案进行了批判性的讨论,指出了其有意义的错误和可疑的项目。相位滞后现象是作为任何具有循环性质的复值分析解的固有部分而特别研究的。
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引用次数: 0
Behaviour of a Torsional Vibration Viscous Damper in the Event of a Damper Fluid Shortage 在减振器流体短缺的情况下,扭转振动粘性减振器的性能
IF 2 3区 工程技术 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/pomr-2023-0026
A. Chmielowiec, Adam Michajłyszyn, W. Homik
Abstract This article presents the analysis of a damping fluid deficiency in a torsional vibration viscous damper. The problem is analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Experimental results are presented, showing what happens to the damper in a situation where the design of the housing is inadequate and the inertia forces prevent the formation of an oil film. In addition, the article deals with the problem of the proper design of the oil channel and the dimensions required to enable the damper to operate reliably. The results of the article may be useful to the constructors of torsional vibration viscous dampers for marine engines.
摘要本文分析了扭转振动粘性阻尼器中阻尼液的不足。对这个问题进行了定性和定量分析。实验结果表明,在壳体设计不充分且惯性力阻止油膜形成的情况下,阻尼器会发生什么。此外,本文还讨论了油道的正确设计以及使阻尼器可靠运行所需的尺寸问题。本文的研究结果对船用发动机扭振粘滞阻尼器的研制有一定的参考价值。
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引用次数: 0
A Generative Approach to Hull Design for a Small Watercraft 小型船舶船体设计的生成方法
IF 2 3区 工程技术 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/pomr-2023-0001
A. Karczewski, J. Kozák
Abstract In the field of ocean engineering, the task of spatial hull modelling is one of the most complicated problems in ship design. This study presents a procedure applied as a generative approach to the design problems for the hull geometry of small vessels using elements of concurrent design with multi-criteria optimisation processes. Based upon widely available commercial software, an algorithm for the mathematical formulation of the boundary conditions, the data flow during processing and formulae for the optimisation processes are developed. As an example of the application of this novel approach, the results for the hull design of a sailing yacht are presented.
摘要在海洋工程领域,船体空间建模是船舶设计中最复杂的问题之一。本研究提出了一种程序,作为一种生成方法,使用多准则优化过程的并行设计元素来解决小型船舶船体几何形状的设计问题。基于广泛可用的商业软件,开发了边界条件的数学公式、处理过程中的数据流和优化过程的公式的算法。作为这种新方法应用的一个例子,给出了帆船船体设计的结果。
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引用次数: 0
Performance Comparison of ToA and TDOA Based Tracking In Underwater Multipath Environments Using Bernoulli Filter 水下多径环境下基于ToA和TDOA的伯努利滤波器跟踪性能比较
IF 2 3区 工程技术 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/pomr-2023-0014
A. Gunes
Abstract Underwater localization and tracking is a challenging problem and Time-of-Arrival and Time-Difference-of-Arrival approaches are commonly used. However, the performance difference between these approaches is not well understood or analysed adequately. There are some analytical studies for terrestrial applications with the assumption that the signal arrival times are not correlated. However, this assumption is not valid for underwater propagation. To present the distinct nature of the problem under the water, a high-fidelity simulation is required. In this study, Time-of-Arrival and Time-Difference-of-Arrival approaches are compared using a ray tracing based propagation model. Moreover, basic methods to mitigate the multipath propagation problem are also implemented for Bernoulli filters. Since the Bernoulli filter is a joint detection and tracking filter, the detection performance is also analysed. Comparisons are done for all combinations of filter and measurement approaches. The results can help to design underwater localization systems better suited to the needs.
摘要水下定位和跟踪是一个具有挑战性的问题,通常使用到达时间和到达时间差方法。然而,这些方法之间的性能差异并没有得到很好的理解或充分的分析。有一些针对地面应用的分析研究假设信号到达时间不相关。然而,这种假设对于水下传播是无效的。为了呈现水下问题的独特性质,需要进行高保真度模拟。在本研究中,使用基于射线追踪的传播模型对到达时间和到达时间差方法进行了比较。此外,伯努利滤波器还实现了缓解多径传播问题的基本方法。由于伯努利滤波器是一个联合检测和跟踪滤波器,因此还分析了检测性能。对滤波器和测量方法的所有组合进行了比较。研究结果有助于设计更适合需求的水下定位系统。
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引用次数: 1
Deep Learning-Based Fault Diagnosis for Marine Centrifugal Fan 基于深度学习的船用离心通风机故障诊断
IF 2 3区 工程技术 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/pomr-2023-0011
Congyue Li, Yihuai Hu, Jiawei Jiang, Guo Yan
Abstract Marine centrifugal fans usually work in harsh environments. Their vibration signals are non-linear. The traditional fault diagnosis methods of fans require much calculation and have low operating efficiency. Only shallow fault features can be extracted. As a result, the diagnosis accuracy is not high. It is difficult to realize the end-to-end fault diagnosis. Combining the Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN) and lightweight neural network, a fault classification method is proposed. First, the CEEMDAN can decompose the vibration signal into several intrinsic modal functions (IMF). Then, the original signals can be transformed into 2-D images through pseudo-colour coding of the IMFs. Finally, they are fed into the lightweight neural network for fault diagnosis. By embedding a convolutional block attention module (CBAM), the ability of the network to extract critical feature information is improved. The results show that the proposed method can adaptively extract the fault characteristics of a marine centrifugal fan. While the model is lightweight, the overall diagnostic accuracy can reach 99.3%. As exploratory basic research, this method can provide a reference for intelligent fault diagnosis systems on ships.
船用离心风机通常工作在恶劣的环境中。它们的振动信号是非线性的。传统的风机故障诊断方法计算量大,运行效率低。只能提取浅层断层特征。因此,诊断准确率不高。实现端到端的故障诊断比较困难。将自适应噪声完全集成经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)与轻量神经网络相结合,提出了一种故障分类方法。首先,CEEMDAN可以将振动信号分解为多个内禀模态函数(IMF)。然后,通过对imf进行伪彩色编码,将原始信号转换成二维图像。最后,将其输入到轻量神经网络中进行故障诊断。通过嵌入卷积块注意模块(CBAM),提高了网络提取关键特征信息的能力。结果表明,该方法能够自适应提取船用离心风机的故障特征。虽然该模型重量轻,但整体诊断准确率可达到99.3%。作为探索性的基础研究,该方法可为船舶智能故障诊断系统提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Numerical Investigation of Length to Beam Ratio Effects on Ship Resistance Using Ranse Method 用量程法数值研究长梁比对船舶阻力的影响
IF 2 3区 工程技术 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/pomr-2023-0002
T. Le, Nguyen Duy Anh, T. Tu, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Hoa, Vu Minh Ngoc
Abstract The paper discusses the length to beam (L/B) ratio effects on ship resistance at three different Froude numbers using unsteady RANSE simulation. First, the JBC ship model was used as an initial hull form for verification and validation of predicted ship resistance results with measured data, and then the influence of the L/B ratio on ship resistance was carried out. Ship hull forms with different L/B ratios were produced from the initial one by using the Lackenby method. The numerical results obtained show the L/B ratio’s effect on ship resistance. Increases of the L/B ratio led to gradual reduction of the total ship resistance and vice versa. Analysis of the changing of the resistance components indicates that the pressure resistance changes are considerably larger than the frictional one. Finally, the paper analyses the difference in the flow field around the hull of the ship with variation of the L/B ratio to fully understand the physical phenomenon in the change of ship resistance at different L/B parameters.
摘要本文采用非定常RANSE模拟方法,讨论了三种不同弗劳德数时舰长梁比(L/B)对舰船阻力的影响。首先以JBC船舶模型作为初始船体形式,用实测数据对预测船舶阻力结果进行验证和验证,然后进行L/B比对船舶阻力的影响。采用Lackenby法,在初始模型的基础上生成了不同L/B比的船体形状。数值计算结果显示了升液比对船舶阻力的影响。L/B比的增大导致船舶总阻力的逐渐减小,反之亦然。阻力分量的变化分析表明,压力阻力的变化比摩擦阻力的变化要大得多。最后,本文分析了随着L/B比的变化,船体周围流场的变化,以充分了解不同L/B参数下船舶阻力变化的物理现象。
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引用次数: 0
Three-Dimensional Underwater Path Planning Based on Modified Potential Field Algorithm in Time-Varying Current 基于时变流中改进势场算法的三维水下路径规划
IF 2 3区 工程技术 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/pomr-2023-0004
Shasha Wang, Guilin Feng, Dan Wang, Yulong Tuo
Abstract The article addresses the three-dimensional (3D) underwater path planning problem of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) in a time-varying current. A modified artificial potential field algorithm combining the velocity vector synthesis method is proposed to search for the optimal path. The modified potential field (MPF) algorithm is designed to dynamically plan the non-collision path. Meanwhile, this modified method is also proved to be an effective solution to the goals not reachable with obstacles nearby (GNRON), U-shaped trap, and rotation unreachable problems. To offset the influence of time-varying current, the velocity synthesis approach is designed to adjust the AUV movement direction. Besides, considering path planning in the complex underwater environment, the multi-beam forward-looking sonar (FLS) model is used. Finally, simulation studies substantiate that the designed algorithm can implement the AUV path planning effectively and successfully in a 3D underwater environment.
摘要本文讨论了自主水下航行器(AUV)在时变电流中的三维水下路径规划问题。结合速度矢量合成方法,提出了一种改进的人工势场算法来搜索最优路径。设计了改进势场(MPF)算法来动态规划非碰撞路径。同时,该改进方法也被证明是解决障碍物附近不可达目标(GNRON)、U型陷阱和旋转不可达问题的有效方法。为了抵消时变电流的影响,设计了速度合成方法来调整AUV的运动方向。此外,考虑到复杂水下环境下的路径规划,使用了多波束前视声纳(FLS)模型。最后,仿真研究表明,所设计的算法能够在三维水下环境中有效、成功地实现AUV路径规划。
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引用次数: 0
Adptive Heading Control of Underactuated Unmanned Surface Vehicle Based on Improved Backpropagation Neural Network 基于改进反向传播神经网络的欠驱动无人水面车辆自适应航向控制
IF 2 3区 工程技术 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/pomr-2023-0006
Zaopeng Dong, Jiakang Li, W. Liu, Haisheng Zhang, Shijie Qi, Zheng Zhang
Abstract Aiming at the challenges to the accurate and stable heading control of underactuated unmanned surface vehicles arising from the nonlinear interference caused by the overlay and the interaction of multi interference, and also the uncertainties of model parameters, a heading control algorithm for an underactuated unmanned surface vehicle based on an improved backpropagation neural network is proposed. Based on applying optimization theory to realize that the underactuated unmanned surface vehicle tracks the desired yaw angle and maintains it, the improved momentum of weight is combined with an improved tracking differentiator to improve the robustness of the system and the dynamic property of the control. A hyperbolic tangent function is used to establish the nonlinear mappings an approximate method is adopted to summarize the general mathematical expressions, and the gradient descent method is applied to ensure the convergence. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has the advantages of strong robustness, strong anti-interference and high control accuracy. Compared with two commonly used heading control algorithms, the accuracy of the heading control in the complex environment of the proposed algorithm is improved by more than 50%.
摘要针对欠驱动无人水面车辆由于叠加和多干扰相互作用引起的非线性干扰以及模型参数的不确定性给其航向控制精度和稳定性带来的挑战,提出了一种基于改进的反向传播神经网络的欠驱动无人水面车辆航向控制算法。在应用优化理论实现欠驱动无人水面机器人跟踪并保持期望偏航角的基础上,将改进的重量动量与改进的跟踪微分器相结合,提高了系统的鲁棒性和控制的动态性能。采用双曲正切函数建立非线性映射,采用近似方法总结一般数学表达式,采用梯度下降法保证收敛性。仿真结果表明,该算法具有鲁棒性强、抗干扰性强、控制精度高等优点。与常用的两种航向控制算法相比,该算法在复杂环境下的航向控制精度提高了50%以上。
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引用次数: 1
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Polish Maritime Research
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