Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications最新文献_第3页

Shape modification of silver nano triangles under light irradiation 光照射下银纳米三角形的形状修饰

IF 2.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101470

Ivan Urbina , Luis J. Mendoza Herrera , Maria E. Etcheverry , Cristian Villa , Ruth D. Mojica Sepúlveda , Leopoldo Garavaglia , Valeria Arce , Myrian C. Tebaldi

This study focuses on monitoring light induced morphological changes in silver nano triangles using optical extinction spectroscopy (OES) as the primary analytical tool. The spectral shifts observed during irradiation with light emitting diodes (LEDs) of different wavelengths provided insights into alterations in particle size and shape. These findings were validated through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) , which offered direct visualization of structural evolution and the emergence of new nanoparticle species.

To support the experimental analysis, simulations based on Mie theory and the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) were carried out. These models enabled the correlation of extinction spectrum changes with experimentally observed nanoparticle shapes and size distributions, thereby validating the link between optical response and morphological transformation.

The silver nano triangles were synthesized via a two step chemical process: spherical nanoparticles were first produced using sodium borohydride (NaBH

_{4}

) as the reducing agent and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the stabilizer. These seeds were subsequently transformed into nano triangles through a shape controlled growth step involving ascorbic acid and trisodium citrate.

This combined optical and structural characterization approach provides an effective methodology for studying the light driven evolution of anisotropic nanostructures, with potential applications in plasmonics, sensing, and photocatalysis.

本研究主要利用消光光谱（OES）作为主要的分析工具来监测光诱导银纳米三角形的形态变化。在不同波长的发光二极管（led）照射期间观察到的光谱位移提供了对颗粒大小和形状变化的见解。这些发现通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）得到了验证，这为结构演变和新纳米颗粒物种的出现提供了直接的可视化。为了支持实验分析，基于Mie理论和离散偶极子近似（DDA）进行了模拟。这些模型使消光光谱变化与实验观察到的纳米颗粒形状和尺寸分布相关联，从而验证了光学响应与形态转换之间的联系。以硼氢化钠（NaBH4）为还原剂，聚乙烯吡罗烷酮（PVP）为稳定剂，采用两步法合成纳米银三角形。这些种子随后通过含有抗坏血酸和柠檬酸三钠的形状控制生长步骤转化为纳米三角形。这种结合了光学和结构表征的方法为研究各向异性纳米结构的光驱动演化提供了一种有效的方法，在等离子体动力学、传感和光催化方面具有潜在的应用前景。

{"title":"Shape modification of silver nano triangles under light irradiation","authors":"Ivan Urbina , Luis J. Mendoza Herrera , Maria E. Etcheverry , Cristian Villa , Ruth D. Mojica Sepúlveda , Leopoldo Garavaglia , Valeria Arce , Myrian C. Tebaldi","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on monitoring light induced morphological changes in silver nano triangles using optical extinction spectroscopy (OES) as the primary analytical tool. The spectral shifts observed during irradiation with light emitting diodes (LEDs) of different wavelengths provided insights into alterations in particle size and shape. These findings were validated through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) , which offered direct visualization of structural evolution and the emergence of new nanoparticle species.</div><div>To support the experimental analysis, simulations based on Mie theory and the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) were carried out. These models enabled the correlation of extinction spectrum changes with experimentally observed nanoparticle shapes and size distributions, thereby validating the link between optical response and morphological transformation.</div><div>The silver nano triangles were synthesized via a two step chemical process: spherical nanoparticles were first produced using sodium borohydride (NaBH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>) as the reducing agent and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the stabilizer. These seeds were subsequently transformed into nano triangles through a shape controlled growth step involving ascorbic acid and trisodium citrate.</div><div>This combined optical and structural characterization approach provides an effective methodology for studying the light driven evolution of anisotropic nanostructures, with potential applications in plasmonics, sensing, and photocatalysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101470"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quasi-bound states in continuum based on all-dielectric metasurface for refractive index sensing with both high sensitivity and figure of merit 基于全介电超表面的准束缚态连续介质的高灵敏度和高品质系数折射率传感

IF 2.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101460

Boyao Li , Peiyi Lu , Jiepeng Wu, Haohan Chen, Minglei He, Xinen Wu, Yunwei Wang, Haiying Liu, Qiang Li, Lijun Wu

Quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BICs) supported by all-dielectric metasurfaces can greatly enhance the interaction between light–matter due to their high quality-factor resonances, which plays an essential role in the field of refractive index sensing. Achieving high sensitivity (S) and high figure of merit (FOM) at the same time remains a difficult task. Since the overlap between the electromagnetic (EM) field and the external medium is necessary to maintain a high sensitivity, we strategically introduce the broken symmetry into the low field intensity position of the mode to minimize its impact. This decouples the tuning of S and FOM, allowing FOM to be optimized under high S. Simulations show that the metasurface supports two types of resonances in the 1887–2180 nm band, one of which is a sharp Fano resonance excited by quasi-BICs. According to the multipole decomposition and field distribution, the electric quadrupole dominates this resonance. Its sensitivity to the refractive index change can reach 865.9 nm/RIU with a FOM as high as 31294.2 RIU⁻¹. These values surpass all the numerical results reported so far. Our work not only offers a high-performance sensing platform but also proposes a novel strategy for obtaining multiple targets in quasi-BIC-based applications.

由全介质超表面支撑的连续介质中的准束缚态（Quasi-bound state, bics）由于其高质量因子共振，可以极大地增强光-物质之间的相互作用，这在折射率传感领域起着至关重要的作用。同时实现高灵敏度(S)和高质量因数（FOM）仍然是一个艰巨的任务。由于电磁场与外界介质之间的重叠是保持高灵敏度所必需的，因此我们战略性地将对称性破缺引入到模式的低场强位置，以减小其影响。仿真结果表明，该超表面在1887 ~ 2180nm波段支持两种共振类型，其中一种是由准bic激发的尖锐Fano共振。根据多极分解和场分布，电四极子占主导地位。其对折射率变化的灵敏度可达865.9 nm/RIU， FOM高达31294.2 RIU−1。这些数值超过了迄今为止报告的所有数值结果。我们的工作不仅提供了一个高性能的传感平台，而且提出了一种在准基于bic的应用中获取多目标的新策略。

{"title":"Quasi-bound states in continuum based on all-dielectric metasurface for refractive index sensing with both high sensitivity and figure of merit","authors":"Boyao Li , Peiyi Lu , Jiepeng Wu, Haohan Chen, Minglei He, Xinen Wu, Yunwei Wang, Haiying Liu, Qiang Li, Lijun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BICs) supported by all-dielectric metasurfaces can greatly enhance the interaction between light–matter due to their high quality-factor resonances, which plays an essential role in the field of refractive index sensing. Achieving high sensitivity (S) and high figure of merit (FOM) at the same time remains a difficult task. Since the overlap between the electromagnetic (EM) field and the external medium is necessary to maintain a high sensitivity, we strategically introduce the broken symmetry into the low field intensity position of the mode to minimize its impact. This decouples the tuning of S and FOM, allowing FOM to be optimized under high S. Simulations show that the metasurface supports two types of resonances in the 1887–2180 nm band, one of which is a sharp Fano resonance excited by quasi-BICs. According to the multipole decomposition and field distribution, the electric quadrupole dominates this resonance. Its sensitivity to the refractive index change can reach 865.9 nm/RIU with a FOM as high as 31294.2 RIU<sup>−1</sup>. These values surpass all the numerical results reported so far. Our work not only offers a high-performance sensing platform but also proposes a novel strategy for obtaining multiple targets in quasi-BIC-based applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145419291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancing the efficiency of FTO/Sb:SnO₂/FA0.85Cs0.15PbI2.70Br0.3/BaSi₂ perovskite solar cells by incorporating ce-doped ZnO ETL materials 掺杂ce掺杂ZnO ETL材料提高FTO/Sb: sno2 /FA0.85Cs0.15PbI2.70Br0.3/BaSi 2钙钛矿太阳能电池效率

IF 2.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101469

Poonam Suraj Gham , Alisha Priya , Raushan Kumar

In order to maximize hole capture rates and reduce minority carrier loss in photovoltaic (PV) cells, the selection of Electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL) materials plays a crucial role in CeZnO/ FA_0.85Cs_0.15PbI_2.70Br_0.3/BaSi₂ perovskite solar cell device (PSCD). Historically, FA_1-yCs_yPb(I_1-xBr_x)₃ cells have utilized ETL and HTLs designed to minimize minority carrier loss. To further improve the performance of CeZnO/ FA_0.85Cs_0.15PbI_2.70Br_0.3/BaSi₂ PSCD, extensive research is focusing on ETL and HTL materials with wide energy bandgaps. This paper presents first to comparison between experimental and simulation results of exiting solar cell and then a novel wide bandgap cerium-doped zinc oxide (Ce-ZnO) as an ETL-2 and barium silicide (BaSi₂) as an HTL nanomaterial added in existing solar cell instead of Spiro-OMeTAD HTL for make a high-efficiency FTO/Sb:SnO₂/CeZnO/FA_0.85Cs_0.15PbI_2.70Br_0.3/BaSi₂ solar cell. The study covers a comprehensive analysis of optimization of energy bandgap, layer thickness and doping concentrations, capture cross section defect density and gaussian distributions defect density as well as the design of the proposed PV cell structure. The CeZnO/ FA_0.85Cs_0.15PbI_2.70Br_0.3/BaSi₂ PV cell shows exceptional performance, with V_OC = 1350 mV, J_SC = 25.22 mA/cm², FF = 85.48 %, efficiency = 29.12 %.

在CeZnO/ FA0.85Cs0.15PbI2.70Br0.3/BaSi2钙钛矿太阳能电池器件（PSCD）中，为了最大限度地提高空穴捕获率和减少少数载流子损耗，电子传输层（ETL）和空穴传输层（HTL）材料的选择起着至关重要的作用。从历史上看，FA1-yCsyPb(I1-xBrx)3细胞使用ETL和htl来最小化少数载流子损失。为了进一步提高CeZnO/ FA0.85Cs0.15PbI2.70Br0.3/BaSi2 PSCD的性能，广泛的研究集中在具有宽能带隙的ETL和HTL材料上。本文首先比较了现有太阳能电池的实验结果和模拟结果，然后在现有太阳能电池中加入一种新型的宽禁带掺铈氧化锌（Ce-ZnO）作为ETL-2和硅化钡（BaSi2）作为HTL纳米材料，以取代Spiro-OMeTAD HTL，制成高效率的FTO/Sb:SnO2/CeZnO/FA0.85Cs0.15PbI2.70Br0.3/BaSi2太阳能电池。该研究涵盖了能量带隙、层厚和掺杂浓度的优化、捕获截面缺陷密度和高斯分布缺陷密度的综合分析以及所提出的光伏电池结构的设计。CeZnO/ FA0.85Cs0.15PbI2.70Br0.3/BaSi2光伏电池表现出优异的性能，VOC = 1350 mV, JSC = 25.22 mA/cm2, FF = 85.48 %，效率= 29.12 %。

{"title":"Advancing the efficiency of FTO/Sb:SnO₂/FA0.85Cs0.15PbI2.70Br0.3/BaSi₂ perovskite solar cells by incorporating ce-doped ZnO ETL materials","authors":"Poonam Suraj Gham , Alisha Priya , Raushan Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to maximize hole capture rates and reduce minority carrier loss in photovoltaic (PV) cells, the selection of Electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL) materials plays a crucial role in CeZnO/ FA<sub>0.85</sub>Cs<sub>0.15</sub>PbI<sub>2.70</sub>Br<sub>0.3</sub>/BaSi<sub>2</sub> perovskite solar cell device (PSCD). Historically, FA<sub>1-y</sub>Cs<sub>y</sub>Pb(I<sub>1-x</sub>Br<sub>x</sub>)<sub>3</sub> cells have utilized ETL and HTLs designed to minimize minority carrier loss. To further improve the performance of CeZnO/ FA<sub>0.85</sub>Cs<sub>0.15</sub>PbI<sub>2.70</sub>Br<sub>0.3</sub>/BaSi<sub>2</sub> PSCD, extensive research is focusing on ETL and HTL materials with wide energy bandgaps. This paper presents first to comparison between experimental and simulation results of exiting solar cell and then a novel wide bandgap cerium-doped zinc oxide (Ce-ZnO) as an ETL-2 and barium silicide (BaSi<sub>2</sub>) as an HTL nanomaterial added in existing solar cell instead of Spiro-OMeTAD HTL for make a high-efficiency FTO/Sb:SnO<sub>2</sub>/CeZnO/FA<sub>0.85</sub>Cs<sub>0.15</sub>PbI<sub>2.70</sub>Br<sub>0.3</sub>/BaSi<sub>2</sub> solar cell. The study covers a comprehensive analysis of optimization of energy bandgap, layer thickness and doping concentrations, capture cross section defect density and gaussian distributions defect density as well as the design of the proposed PV cell structure. The CeZnO/ FA<sub>0.85</sub>Cs<sub>0.15</sub>PbI<sub>2.70</sub>Br<sub>0.3</sub>/BaSi<sub>2</sub> PV cell shows exceptional performance, with V<sub>OC</sub> = 1350 mV, J<sub>SC</sub> = 25.22 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, FF = 85.48 %, efficiency = 29.12 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101469"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145475007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Jones matrices-based inverse-designed metasurface enabling amplitude and phase modulation for circular polarization 基于琼斯矩阵的反设计超表面，实现圆极化的幅度和相位调制

IF 2.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101457

Zhe Wang , Jialei Li , Fangxu Zhao , Qi Han , Yuhang He , Lin Yang , Ming Zhang

The Jones matrices serve as a pivotal tool for connecting the electric field of incident polarized waves with that of outgoing polarized waves, where its two degrees of freedom correspond to the modulation capabilities of amplitude and phase for incident polarized wave. However, due to the complexity of the Jones vector for circularly polarized waves, previous research has predominantly focused on modulating linearly polarized waves, while less attention has been paid to the modulation of circularly polarized waves. This paper proposes an inverse-designed holographic metasurface for circularly polarized waves, enabling independent control of both amplitude and phase in the Jones matrices. The metasurface consists of periodically arranged anisotropic nanorods, with the geometric dimensions and rotation angles of each nanorod obtained through inverse calculation and matching with a meta-atom library, while maintaining a high transmission efficiency exceeding 90 %. As a proof of concept, we integrate a nanoprinting image and two holographic images into a single metasurface, demonstrating independent modulation capabilities across three channels for amplitude and phase in the Jones matrices. As a functional extension, this paper also designs an amplitude-optimized beamforming metasurface capable of precisely deflecting the incident beam to the target elevation and azimuth angles. The metasurface platform presented here provides a significant design reference for multidimensional control of circularly polarized waves, near- and far-field holographic imaging, optical encryption, and other applications.

琼斯矩阵是连接入射极化波电场与出射极化波电场的关键工具，其两个自由度对应于入射极化波的振幅和相位调制能力。然而，由于圆极化波的琼斯矢量的复杂性，以往的研究主要集中在调制线极化波上，而对圆极化波的调制关注较少。本文提出了一种圆极化波的反设计全息超表面，实现了琼斯矩阵中振幅和相位的独立控制。该超表面由周期性排列的各向异性纳米棒组成，每个纳米棒的几何尺寸和旋转角度通过逆计算并与元原子库匹配得到，同时保持了超过90% %的高传输效率。作为概念验证，我们将纳米打印图像和两个全息图像集成到单个超表面中，展示了Jones矩阵中三个通道振幅和相位的独立调制能力。作为功能扩展，本文还设计了一个振幅优化波束形成超表面，能够精确地将入射波束偏转到目标仰角和方位角。本文提出的超表面平台为圆偏振波的多维控制、近场和远场全息成像、光学加密等应用提供了重要的设计参考。

{"title":"Jones matrices-based inverse-designed metasurface enabling amplitude and phase modulation for circular polarization","authors":"Zhe Wang , Jialei Li , Fangxu Zhao , Qi Han , Yuhang He , Lin Yang , Ming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Jones matrices serve as a pivotal tool for connecting the electric field of incident polarized waves with that of outgoing polarized waves, where its two degrees of freedom correspond to the modulation capabilities of amplitude and phase for incident polarized wave. However, due to the complexity of the Jones vector for circularly polarized waves, previous research has predominantly focused on modulating linearly polarized waves, while less attention has been paid to the modulation of circularly polarized waves. This paper proposes an inverse-designed holographic metasurface for circularly polarized waves, enabling independent control of both amplitude and phase in the Jones matrices. The metasurface consists of periodically arranged anisotropic nanorods, with the geometric dimensions and rotation angles of each nanorod obtained through inverse calculation and matching with a meta-atom library, while maintaining a high transmission efficiency exceeding 90 %. As a proof of concept, we integrate a nanoprinting image and two holographic images into a single metasurface, demonstrating independent modulation capabilities across three channels for amplitude and phase in the Jones matrices. As a functional extension, this paper also designs an amplitude-optimized beamforming metasurface capable of precisely deflecting the incident beam to the target elevation and azimuth angles. The metasurface platform presented here provides a significant design reference for multidimensional control of circularly polarized waves, near- and far-field holographic imaging, optical encryption, and other applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145366054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optical spintronics: Towards optical communication without energy transfer 光自旋电子学：迈向无能量转移的光通信

IF 2.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101458

Ilya Deriy , Danil Kornovan , Mihail Petrov , Andrey Bogdanov

We introduce the concept of optical spin current—transfer of optical spin angular momentum by an electromagnetic field without accompanying energy transfer. This phenomenon is analogous to electron spin currents, in which spin flow is decoupled from charge flow. Building on this principle, we propose an optical spin diode and an optical spin circulator–devices that enable unidirectional propagation of spin currents while maintaining bidirectional energy flow, thus, preserving reciprocity. Furthermore, we demonstrate asymmetric spin transfer between two quantum dots mediated by the optical spin diode, highlighting its potential for novel optical spintronic functionalities. These findings lay the foundation for devices leveraging optical spin transfer, opening new avenues in optical spintronics.

引入了光自旋角动量在电磁场作用下不伴随能量传递的光自旋电流传递概念。这种现象类似于电子自旋流，其中自旋流与电荷流解耦。基于这一原理，我们提出了一种光自旋二极管和一个光自旋环行器，这两种装置可以在保持双向能量流动的同时，实现自旋电流的单向传播，从而保持互易性。此外，我们证明了由光学自旋二极管介导的两个量子点之间的不对称自旋转移，突出了其新型光学自旋电子功能的潜力。这些发现为利用光自旋转移的器件奠定了基础，为光自旋电子学开辟了新的途径。

引用次数: 0

Optically transparent multiband stealth film compatible with dual-band heat dissipation 光透明多波段隐身膜，兼容双波段散热

IF 2.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101459

Li Lin , Bowei Xie , Xingcan Li , Jia-yue Yang

The accelerated development of armaments and detection technologies has led to a growing demand for stealth films that are capable of both multiband stealth and effective heat dissipation. In this work, a multilayer film is proposed to achieve optically transparent and infrared stealth, while also providing exceptional heat dissipation, with high emittance of 0.831 and 0.820 in the bands of 2.5–3 and 5–8 μm, respectively. The film's emittance tunability exceeds 0.600, showcasing its outstanding modulation capabilities. In the VIS band, the film's transmittance is 0.588 in the metallic state and 0.553 in the insulating state, which facilitates its application in military equipment windows. The underlying mechanism for these properties involves FP resonance and multiple reflections. Calculations regarding the infrared signal intensity reduction and infrared image confirm the film's exceptional camouflage performance. This technology facilitates the progress and practical deployment of optically transparent stealth films.

随着军备和探测技术的快速发展，对既能多波段隐身又能有效散热的隐身膜的需求日益增长。在这项工作中，提出了一种多层薄膜，以实现光学透明和红外隐身，同时提供出色的散热，在2.5-3和5-8 μm波段分别具有0.831和0.820的高发射度。该薄膜的发射度可调性超过0.600，显示出其出色的调制能力。在VIS波段，该薄膜在金属状态下的透光率为0.588，在绝缘状态下的透光率为0.553，有利于其在军事装备窗户上的应用。这些特性的潜在机制涉及FP共振和多次反射。关于红外信号强度降低和红外图像的计算证实了薄膜的特殊伪装性能。这项技术促进了光学透明隐身膜的进步和实际部署。

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Investigation of nonlinear optical properties in GaAs/GaAlAs quantum well with modified Lennard-Jones potential: Role of static electromagnetic fields, intense laser radiation and structure parameters” [Photonics Nanostruct. - Fundam. Appl. 65 (2025) 101403] “具有修正Lennard-Jones势的GaAs/GaAlAs量子阱非线性光学性质的研究：静态电磁场，强激光辐射和结构参数的作用”[Photonics Nanostruct]的更正。——Fundam。app . 65 (2025) 101403]

IF 2.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101419

K. Hasanirokh , E.B. AL , A.T. Tuzemen , M. Sayrac , H. Sayrac , F. Ungan

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the effect of resistivity and defects on optical THz modulation of graphene on Si/SiO2 substrate 电阻率和缺陷对石墨烯在Si/SiO2衬底上太赫兹光调制的影响研究

IF 2.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101451

Abhilasha Chouksey , Shivnath Kumar , Preeti Gaur , Preeti Garg , Radhapiyari Laishram , Anupama Singh , J.S. Rawat , Neeraj Khare

THz wave can be modulated by electrical bias or by optical pumping. In the present work, we have fabricated graphene (Gr) based THz modulator on two Si/SiO₂ substrates with different resistivities (10 kΩ.cm and 5 kΩ.cm) and studied the effect of their resistivities and doping on THz modulation by optical pumping. THz modulation by optical pumping was measured for 0.2 THz to 0.6 THz frequency range with varying pumping power from 0 mW to 800 mW using a 976 nm laser. The estimated modulation depth was ≈ 99 % at 800 mW in graphene on Si/SiO₂ having lower resistivity (LRSi/SiO₂) whereas it was < 2 % in graphene on Si/SiO₂ having higher resistivity (HRSi/SiO₂). The higher value of modulation depth in graphene on LRSi/SiO₂ has been attributed to the lower resistivity of the substrate resulted in a larger number of free carriers for photoconduction in LRSi/SiO₂ which contributed to the greater carrier concentration and THz conductivity. Raman spectroscopy further confirmed that the doping is greater in graphene on LRSi/SiO₂ as compared to graphene on HRSi/SiO₂. This resulted in an enhanced number of photocarriers responsible for higher THz modulation.

太赫兹波可以通过电偏置或光抽运来调制。在本文中，我们在两种不同电阻率的Si/SiO2衬底（10 kΩ.cm和5 kΩ.cm）上制备了石墨烯基太赫兹调制器，并研究了它们的电阻率和掺杂对光泵浦太赫兹调制的影响。使用976 nm激光器，在0 mW到800 mW的泵浦功率范围内，测量了0.2 ~ 0.6 太赫兹频率范围内的光泵浦太赫兹调制。在电阻率较低（LRSi/SiO2）的Si/SiO2上的石墨烯在800 mW时的调制深度估计为≈ 99 %，而在电阻率较高（HRSi/SiO2）的Si/SiO2上的石墨烯的调制深度估计为<； 2 %。LRSi/SiO2上石墨烯的调制深度值较高是由于衬底的电阻率较低，导致LRSi/SiO2中光导的自由载流子数量较多，从而导致载流子浓度和太赫兹电导率较高。拉曼光谱进一步证实，LRSi/SiO2上的石墨烯掺杂量大于HRSi/SiO2上的石墨烯掺杂量。这导致了负责更高太赫兹调制的光载流子数量的增加。

{"title":"Investigation of the effect of resistivity and defects on optical THz modulation of graphene on Si/SiO2 substrate","authors":"Abhilasha Chouksey , Shivnath Kumar , Preeti Gaur , Preeti Garg , Radhapiyari Laishram , Anupama Singh , J.S. Rawat , Neeraj Khare","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>THz wave can be modulated by electrical bias or by optical pumping. In the present work, we have fabricated graphene (Gr) based THz modulator on two Si/SiO<sub>2</sub> substrates with different resistivities (10 kΩ.cm and 5 kΩ.cm) and studied the effect of their resistivities and doping on THz modulation by optical pumping. THz modulation by optical pumping was measured for 0.2 THz to 0.6 THz frequency range with varying pumping power from 0 mW to 800 mW using a 976 nm laser. The estimated modulation depth was ≈ 99 % at 800 mW in graphene on Si/SiO<sub>2</sub> having lower resistivity (LRSi/SiO<sub>2</sub>) whereas it was < 2 % in graphene on Si/SiO<sub>2</sub> having higher resistivity (HRSi/SiO<sub>2</sub>). The higher value of modulation depth in graphene on LRSi/SiO<sub>2</sub> has been attributed to the lower resistivity of the substrate resulted in a larger number of free carriers for photoconduction in LRSi/SiO<sub>2</sub> which contributed to the greater carrier concentration and THz conductivity. Raman spectroscopy further confirmed that the doping is greater in graphene on LRSi/SiO<sub>2</sub> as compared to graphene on HRSi/SiO<sub>2</sub>. This resulted in an enhanced number of photocarriers responsible for higher THz modulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intelligent design of colored passive cooling multilayer films using bidirectional neural networks and genetic algorithms 基于双向神经网络和遗传算法的彩色被动冷却多层膜的智能设计

IF 2.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101445

Kai Lu , Long Chen , Chengyuan Li , Haojun Zhu , Chengchao Wang , Lanxin Ma

Colored passive cooling combines vibrant coloration with passive cooling capabilities, attracting significant interest in sustainable energy applications. While nanostructured colored passive cooling designs show promise, achieving precise colors with cooling power remains computationally challenging due to complex geometric parameter optimization. This study presents an innovative bidirectional design framework combining bidirectional neural network (BNN) and genetic algorithm (GA), to assist in the design of multilayer films. BNN accurately forecasts color and cooling power (99.67 % accuracy) from structural parameters and temperature T, and inversely designs geometric parameters (99.86 % accuracy) based on desired color and cooling performance at the given temperature. Crucially, the GA-based framework explores multiple high-precision solutions based on desired parameters, effectively addressing the “one-to-many” inverse design problem, overcoming the BNN’s single-solution limitation. The designed PMMA/TiN/TiO₂/Ag films achieve a broad color gamut, covering 62 % of the CIE-1931 color space, while maintaining its equilibrium temperature only 2 −3 K above the ideal device. Together, these machine learning frameworks establish a full-cycle design paradigm: BNN enables bidirectional property-structure mapping with ultra-high accuracy while the GA- forward prediction model hybrid efficiently generates diverse optimal designs satisfying multi-objective constraints. This dual methodology accelerates the discovery of novel colored passive coolers, accelerating the development and deployment of energy-efficient solutions for significant contributions to energy conservation and sustainable development.

彩色被动冷却结合了充满活力的色彩和被动冷却能力，吸引了可持续能源应用的显著兴趣。虽然纳米结构彩色被动冷却设计显示出前景，但由于复杂的几何参数优化，通过冷却功率实现精确的颜色仍然具有计算挑战性。本研究提出了一种结合双向神经网络（BNN）和遗传算法（GA）的创新双向设计框架，以辅助多层薄膜的设计。BNN根据结构参数和温度T准确预测颜色和冷却功率（99.67 %准确率），并根据给定温度下所需的颜色和冷却性能反设计几何参数（99.86 %准确率）。至关重要的是，基于遗传算法的框架探索了基于所需参数的多个高精度解，有效地解决了“一对多”反设计问题，克服了BNN的单解限制。所设计的PMMA/TiN/TiO2/Ag薄膜具有较宽的色域，覆盖了CIE-1931颜色空间的62% %，同时其平衡温度仅比理想器件高2 −3 K。总之，这些机器学习框架建立了一个全周期的设计范式：BNN实现了高精度的双向属性-结构映射，而遗传算法-前向预测模型混合有效地生成满足多目标约束的各种优化设计。这种双重方法加速了新型彩色被动式冷却器的发现，加速了节能解决方案的开发和部署，为节能和可持续发展做出了重大贡献。

{"title":"Intelligent design of colored passive cooling multilayer films using bidirectional neural networks and genetic algorithms","authors":"Kai Lu , Long Chen , Chengyuan Li , Haojun Zhu , Chengchao Wang , Lanxin Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colored passive cooling combines vibrant coloration with passive cooling capabilities, attracting significant interest in sustainable energy applications. While nanostructured colored passive cooling designs show promise, achieving precise colors with cooling power remains computationally challenging due to complex geometric parameter optimization. This study presents an innovative bidirectional design framework combining bidirectional neural network (BNN) and genetic algorithm (GA), to assist in the design of multilayer films. BNN accurately forecasts color and cooling power (99.67 % accuracy) from structural parameters and temperature <em>T</em>, and inversely designs geometric parameters (99.86 % accuracy) based on desired color and cooling performance at the given temperature. Crucially, the GA-based framework explores multiple high-precision solutions based on desired parameters, effectively addressing the “one-to-many” inverse design problem, overcoming the BNN’s single-solution limitation. The designed PMMA/TiN/TiO<sub>2</sub>/Ag films achieve a broad color gamut, covering 62 % of the CIE-1931 color space, while maintaining its equilibrium temperature only 2 −3 K above the ideal device. Together, these machine learning frameworks establish a full-cycle design paradigm: BNN enables bidirectional property-structure mapping with ultra-high accuracy while the GA- forward prediction model hybrid efficiently generates diverse optimal designs satisfying multi-objective constraints. This dual methodology accelerates the discovery of novel colored passive coolers, accelerating the development and deployment of energy-efficient solutions for significant contributions to energy conservation and sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101445"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optical response of Au/n-Si schottky photodiode with an interface of graphite-Er2O3-doped polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposite 石墨- er2o3掺杂聚乙烯醇（PVA）纳米复合材料界面Au/n-Si肖特基光电二极管的光学响应

IF 2.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101446

Ferhat Hanife , Yosef Badali

In this study, the photoconductive properties of a Schottky photodiode with the structure Au/PVA:Graphite-Er₂O₃/n-Si are investigated both in the dark and under varying light intensities. A thin layer of the polyvinyl alcohol doped with Graphite-Er₂O₃ is placed at the metal-semiconductor interface to create an Schottky photodiode with a metal-nanocomposite-semiconductor structure. The fabrication and preparation techniques are thoroughly documented. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to analyze the Graphite and Er₂O₃ nanostructures. Several key photoconductive properties, such as leakage or reverse-saturation current (I₀), electric potential barrier height (Φ_B0), and ideality factor (n), series/shunt resistances (R_s/R_sh), surface/interface state density distribution (N_ss), photocurrent (I_ph), photosensitivity (S), optical responsivity (R), and specific detectivity (D*) have been determined. Increasing light intensity leads to higher I₀ and n values, and lower Φ_B0 and R_s values. When studying the illumination dependency of photocurrent, the I_ph–P plots at zero bias voltage exhibit a linear behavior within an acceptable range. The PVA:Graphite-Er₂O₃ nanocomposite enhances the photosensitivity of the metal-nanocomposite-semiconductor type photodiode, optical responsivity, and specific detectivity by 1120, 2.40 mA/W, and 3.13 × 10 ¹ ⁰ Jones, respectively. These results suggest that the Au/PVA:Graphite-Er₂O₃/n-Si structure exhibits a promising photoresponse and could potentially replace traditional metal-semiconductor photodiode in optoelectronic devices and photovoltaic systems.

在这项研究中，研究了Au/PVA：石墨- er₂O₃/n-Si结构的肖特基光电二极管在黑暗和不同光强下的光导性能。在金属-半导体界面上放置一层掺杂石墨- er₂O₃的聚乙烯醇薄层，可以制造出具有金属-纳米复合材料-半导体结构的肖特基光电二极管。制造和制备技术是彻底的文件。采用x射线衍射（XRD）对石墨和Er₂O₃纳米结构进行了分析。几个关键的光导特性，如泄漏或反饱和电流（I 0）、电位势垒高度（ΦB0）和理想因数(n)、串联/分流电阻（Rs/Rsh）、表面/界面态密度分布（Nss）、光电流（Iph）、光敏性(S)、光响应性(R)和比探测率（D*）已经确定。随着光强的增加，I 0和n值升高，ΦB0和Rs值降低。当研究光电流的光照依赖性时，在零偏置电压下的iphp图在可接受的范围内呈现线性行为。PVA：石墨- er₂O₃纳米复合材料将金属-纳米复合材料-半导体型光电二极管的光敏性、光学响应率和比探测率分别提高了1120、2.40 mA/W和3.13 × 10 ¹ ⁰Jones。这些结果表明Au/PVA:Graphite-Er₂O₃/n-Si结构具有良好的光响应性能，有可能在光电器件和光伏系统中取代传统的金属半导体光电二极管。

{"title":"Optical response of Au/n-Si schottky photodiode with an interface of graphite-Er2O3-doped polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposite","authors":"Ferhat Hanife , Yosef Badali","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101446","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2025.101446","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the photoconductive properties of a Schottky photodiode with the structure Au/PVA:Graphite-Er₂O₃/n-Si are investigated both in the dark and under varying light intensities. A thin layer of the polyvinyl alcohol doped with Graphite-Er₂O₃ is placed at the metal-semiconductor interface to create an Schottky photodiode with a metal-nanocomposite-semiconductor structure. The fabrication and preparation techniques are thoroughly documented. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to analyze the Graphite and Er₂O₃ nanostructures. Several key photoconductive properties, such as leakage or reverse-saturation current (<em>I₀</em>), electric potential barrier height (<em>Φ</em><sub><em>B0</em></sub>), and ideality factor (<em>n</em>), series/shunt resistances (<em>R</em><sub><em>s</em></sub><em>/R</em><sub><em>sh</em></sub>), surface/interface state density distribution (N<sub>ss</sub>), photocurrent (<em>I</em><sub><em>ph</em></sub>), photosensitivity (<em>S</em>), optical responsivity (<em>R</em>), and specific detectivity (<em>D*</em>) have been determined. Increasing light intensity leads to higher <em>I₀</em> and n values, and lower <em>Φ</em><sub><em>B0</em></sub> and <em>R</em><sub><em>s</em></sub> values. When studying the illumination dependency of photocurrent, the <em>I</em><sub><em>ph</em></sub>–<em>P</em> plots at zero bias voltage exhibit a linear behavior within an acceptable range. The PVA:Graphite-Er₂O₃ nanocomposite enhances the photosensitivity of the metal-nanocomposite-semiconductor type photodiode, optical responsivity, and specific detectivity by 1120, 2.40 mA/W, and 3.13 × 10 ¹ ⁰ Jones, respectively. These results suggest that the Au/PVA:Graphite-Er₂O₃/n-Si structure exhibits a promising photoresponse and could potentially replace traditional metal-semiconductor photodiode in optoelectronic devices and photovoltaic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101446"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145095204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0