Automated robotic systems are becoming prevalent in many aerospace manufacturing applications, such as laser ablation, sanding, drilling, final assembly, and painting. There are significant advantages to using automated robotic systems for inspection purposes as well: versatility, speed, and repeatability, to name a few. This paper explores using an automated robotic system for the nondestructive testing (NDT) of composite parts. It has a focus on phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) but highlights modularity principles in the system that are not coupled to a single inspection method. Because of the articulation inherent in multi-axis robots, inspections of contoured structures become straightforward if the system modules are designed correctly. Examples of such modules, and their advantages when interfaced to an automated robotic system, are included in this paper. It is the author’s intent to show how these system modules might maximize robot capabilities for a broad range of aerospace inspections while keeping a simplistic design that is modular, fast, and straightforward to use. When compared to other aerospace manufacturing processes already using automated robotic systems, the use of robots for NDT seems not only prudent but a favorable goal. This paper offers practical building blocks for achieving this goal.
{"title":"Automated Robotic Systems for Nondestructive Testing of Aerospace Composite Structures","authors":"Fetzer Barry","doi":"10.32548/2021.ME-04224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2021.ME-04224","url":null,"abstract":"Automated robotic systems are becoming prevalent in many aerospace manufacturing applications, such as laser ablation, sanding, drilling, final assembly, and painting. There are significant advantages to using automated robotic systems for inspection purposes as well: versatility, speed, and repeatability, to name a few. This paper explores using an automated robotic system for the nondestructive testing (NDT) of composite parts. It has a focus on phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) but highlights modularity principles in the system that are not coupled to a single inspection method. Because of the articulation inherent in multi-axis robots, inspections of contoured structures become straightforward if the system modules are designed correctly. Examples of such modules, and their advantages when interfaced to an automated robotic system, are included in this paper. It is the author’s intent to show how these system modules might maximize robot capabilities for a broad range of aerospace inspections while keeping a simplistic design that is modular, fast, and straightforward to use. When compared to other aerospace manufacturing processes already using automated robotic systems, the use of robots for NDT seems not only prudent but a favorable goal. This paper offers practical building blocks for achieving this goal.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48691890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Nemati, Fernando Alvidrez, Ankit Das, Nihar Masurkar, Manoj Rudraboina, H. Marvi, E. Dehghan-Niri
Tubular structures are critical components in infrastructure such as power plants. Throughout their life, they are subjected to extreme conditions or suffer from defects such as corrosion and cracks. Although regular inspection of these components is necessary, such inspection is limited by safety-related risks and limited access for human inspection. Robots can provide a solution for automatic inspection. The main challenge, however, lies in integrating sensors for nondestructive evaluation with robotic platforms. As part of developing a versatile lizard-inspired tube inspector robot, in this study the authors propose to integrate electromagnetic acoustic transducers into a modular robotic gripper for use in automated ultrasonic inspection. In particular, spiral coils with cylindrical magnets are integrated into a novel friction-based gripper to excite Lamb waves in thin cylindrical structures. To evaluate the performance of the integrated sensors, the gripper was attached to a robotic arm manipulator and tested on pipes of different outer diameters. Two sets of tests were carried out on both defect-free pipes and pipes with simulated defects, including surface partial cracking and corrosion. The inspection results indicated that transmitted and received signals could be acquired with an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio in the time domain. Moreover, the simulated defects could be successfully detected using the integrated robotic sensing system.
{"title":"Integrating Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers in a Modular Robotic Gripper for Inspecting Tubular Components","authors":"H. Nemati, Fernando Alvidrez, Ankit Das, Nihar Masurkar, Manoj Rudraboina, H. Marvi, E. Dehghan-Niri","doi":"10.32548/2021.ME-04223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2021.ME-04223","url":null,"abstract":"Tubular structures are critical components in infrastructure such as power plants. Throughout their life, they are subjected to extreme conditions or suffer from defects such as corrosion and cracks. Although regular inspection of these components is necessary, such inspection is limited by safety-related risks and limited access for human inspection. Robots can provide a solution for automatic inspection. The main challenge, however, lies in integrating sensors for nondestructive evaluation with robotic platforms. As part of developing a versatile lizard-inspired tube inspector robot, in this study the authors propose to integrate electromagnetic acoustic transducers into a modular robotic gripper for use in automated ultrasonic inspection. In particular, spiral coils with cylindrical magnets are integrated into a novel friction-based gripper to excite Lamb waves in thin cylindrical structures. To evaluate the performance of the integrated sensors, the gripper was attached to a robotic arm manipulator and tested on pipes of different outer diameters. Two sets of tests were carried out on both defect-free pipes and pipes with simulated defects, including surface partial cracking and corrosion. The inspection results indicated that transmitted and received signals could be acquired with an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio in the time domain. Moreover, the simulated defects could be successfully detected using the integrated robotic sensing system.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49515749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aerial robotic systems, also referred to as drones, enable the collection of data on a scale and scope heretofore unimaginable. Field inspections at industrial sites using an aerial robotic inspection system that makes physical contact with a structure or asset as part of a nondestructive testing (NDT) or nondestructive evaluation (NDE) routine is safer than placing humans at elevation and enables more data to be gathered in less time. These aerial robotic systems are highly extensible and agile enabling safer, faster, and better inspections. Robotic inspection systems are forecast to grow exponentially this decade and beyond, as asset owners and service providers realize their economic value creation, increased data collection, and safety contributions.
{"title":"Aerial Robots for Contact-Based Ultrasonic Thickness Measurements for Field Inspections","authors":"Robert L. Dahlstrom","doi":"10.32548/2021.ME-04213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2021.ME-04213","url":null,"abstract":"Aerial robotic systems, also referred to as drones, enable the collection of data on a scale and scope heretofore unimaginable. Field inspections at industrial sites using an aerial robotic inspection system that makes physical contact with a structure or asset as part of a nondestructive testing (NDT) or nondestructive evaluation (NDE) routine is safer than placing humans at elevation and enables more data to be gathered in less time. These aerial robotic systems are highly extensible and agile enabling safer, faster, and better inspections. Robotic inspection systems are forecast to grow exponentially this decade and beyond, as asset owners and service providers realize their economic value creation, increased data collection, and safety contributions.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47098683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The additive manufacturing (AM) process has grown from university research laboratories into a production process for complex-shaped components. Due to the uniqueness of the manufacturing process, new challenges have arisen regarding process control, quality assurance, and surface finishing. This paper will show how the nondestructive radiographic testing (RT) technique computed tomography (CT) can make a valuable contribution to quality assurance at each step of the AM process. The use of CT is demonstrated using an example of chrome-nickel steel nozzles manufactured using the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process. The surface of the nozzles is then reworked with the Hirtisation process, a trademarked part finishing technology that is based on a combination of electrochemical pulse methods, hydrodynamic flow and particle assisted chemical removal, and surface treatment. In addition to the already known use of CT for detecting internal discontinuities, CT can be used to ensure sufficient wall thickness, measure internal channel surface roughness, and gauge the geometrical correctness of parts. In this paper, it is demonstrated how to use this RT technique to optimize the design and production process during the component development phase.
{"title":"Computed Tomography for the Nondestructive Testing of Additive Manufactured Components: Opportunities and Limitations","authors":"Lennart Schulenburg","doi":"10.32548/2021.ME-04207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2021.ME-04207","url":null,"abstract":"The additive manufacturing (AM) process has grown from university research laboratories into a production process for complex-shaped components. Due to the uniqueness of the manufacturing process, new challenges have arisen regarding process control, quality assurance, and surface finishing. This paper will show how the nondestructive radiographic testing (RT) technique computed tomography (CT) can make a valuable contribution to quality assurance at each step of the AM process. The use of CT is demonstrated using an example of chrome-nickel steel nozzles manufactured using the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process. The surface of the nozzles is then reworked with the Hirtisation process, a trademarked part finishing technology that is based on a combination of electrochemical pulse methods, hydrodynamic flow and particle assisted chemical removal, and surface treatment. In addition to the already known use of CT for detecting internal discontinuities, CT can be used to ensure sufficient wall thickness, measure internal channel surface roughness, and gauge the geometrical correctness of parts. In this paper, it is demonstrated how to use this RT technique to optimize the design and production process during the component development phase.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":"79 1","pages":"520-528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45629972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Tsunoda, Takeo Tsukamoto, Y. Ando, Yasuhiro Hamamoto, Yoichi Ikarashi, Satoshi Nagasato, K. Ueda
Electronic devices such as medical instruments implanted in the human body and electronic control units installed in automobiles have a large impact on human life. The electronic circuits in these devices require highly reliable operation. Radiographic testing has recently been in strong demand as a nondestructive way to help ensure high reliability. Companies that use high-density micrometer-scale circuits or lithium-ion batteries require high speed and high magnification inspection of all parts. The authors have developed a new X-ray source supporting these requirements. The X-ray source has a sealed tube with a transmissive target on a diamond window that offers advantages over X-ray sources having a sealed tube with a reflective target. The X-ray source provides high-power-density X-ray with no anode degradation and a longer shelf life. In this paper, the authors will summarize X-ray source classification relevant to electronic device inspection and will detail X-ray source performance requirements and challenges. The paper will also elaborate on technologies employed in the X-ray source including tube design implementations for high-power-density X-ray, high resolution, and high magnification simultaneously; reduced system downtime for automated X-ray inspection; and reduced dosages utilizing quick X-ray on-and-off emission control for protection of sensitive electronic devices.
{"title":"Design and Characteristics of Microfocus X-ray Source with Sealed Tube and Transmissive Target on Diamond Window","authors":"T. Tsunoda, Takeo Tsukamoto, Y. Ando, Yasuhiro Hamamoto, Yoichi Ikarashi, Satoshi Nagasato, K. Ueda","doi":"10.32548/2021.ME-04196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2021.ME-04196","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic devices such as medical instruments implanted in the human body and electronic control units installed in automobiles have a large impact on human life. The electronic circuits in these devices require highly reliable operation. Radiographic testing has recently been in strong demand as a nondestructive way to help ensure high reliability. Companies that use high-density micrometer-scale circuits or lithium-ion batteries require high speed and high magnification inspection of all parts. The authors have developed a new X-ray source supporting these requirements. The X-ray source has a sealed tube with a transmissive target on a diamond window that offers advantages over X-ray sources having a sealed tube with a reflective target. The X-ray source provides high-power-density X-ray with no anode degradation and a longer shelf life. In this paper, the authors will summarize X-ray source classification relevant to electronic device inspection and will detail X-ray source performance requirements and challenges. The paper will also elaborate on technologies employed in the X-ray source including tube design implementations for high-power-density X-ray, high resolution, and high magnification simultaneously; reduced system downtime for automated X-ray inspection; and reduced dosages utilizing quick X-ray on-and-off emission control for protection of sensitive electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":"79 1","pages":"631-640"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41765499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resonance bond testing is a nondestructive testing (NDT) technique that is used to detect disbonds, delaminations, and other voids in composite materials. The aerospace industry has seen an increase in the use of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) for aircraft and spacecraft construction. Composite materials offer many advantages over traditional metallic structures, which include weight savings, increased strength, design for specific load paths, and the ability to easily construct geometrically complex structures. Resonance bond testing has many established uses for metallic structures as well, such as aluminum skin-to-skin and skin-to-core bonds. This bond testing technique has been around for many decades but is used by only a small portion of the NDT community. Ultrasonic testing (UT), specifically phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT), using linear array techniques has proven to be a reliable method for the inspection of CFRP laminates. When composite structures do not permit the use of high-frequency sound waves due to rapid attenuation, resonance bond testing is a proven alternative. In this paper, the authors will discuss the theory behind resonance bond testing and how it has and continues to play an important role in the NDT industry.
{"title":"Resonance Bond Testing: Theory and Application","authors":"Stetson Watkins, J. Bittner","doi":"10.32548/2021.ME-04225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2021.ME-04225","url":null,"abstract":"Resonance bond testing is a nondestructive testing (NDT) technique that is used to detect disbonds, delaminations, and other voids in composite materials. The aerospace industry has seen an increase in the use of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) for aircraft and spacecraft construction. Composite materials offer many advantages over traditional metallic structures, which include weight savings, increased strength, design for specific load paths, and the ability to easily construct geometrically complex structures. Resonance bond testing has many established uses for metallic structures as well, such as aluminum skin-to-skin and skin-to-core bonds. This bond testing technique has been around for many decades but is used by only a small portion of the NDT community. Ultrasonic testing (UT), specifically phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT), using linear array techniques has proven to be a reliable method for the inspection of CFRP laminates. When composite structures do not permit the use of high-frequency sound waves due to rapid attenuation, resonance bond testing is a proven alternative. In this paper, the authors will discuss the theory behind resonance bond testing and how it has and continues to play an important role in the NDT industry.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47255752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ebrahimkhanlou, M. Schneider, B. Dubuc, S. Salamone
This paper presents a data-driven approach based on deep stacked autoencoders for the localization and characterization of acoustic emission sources in complex aerospace panels. The approach leverages the multimodal and dispersive reverberations of acoustic emissions. The approach is validated by Hsu-Nielsen pencil lead break tests on a fuselage section of a Boeing 777 instrumented with a single piezoelectric sensor.
{"title":"A Deep Learning Framework for Acoustic Emission Sources Localization and Characterization in Complex Aerospace Panels","authors":"A. Ebrahimkhanlou, M. Schneider, B. Dubuc, S. Salamone","doi":"10.32548/2021.ME-04179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2021.ME-04179","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a data-driven approach based on deep stacked autoencoders for the localization and characterization of acoustic emission sources in complex aerospace panels. The approach leverages the multimodal and dispersive reverberations of acoustic emissions. The approach is validated by Hsu-Nielsen pencil lead break tests on a fuselage section of a Boeing 777 instrumented with a single piezoelectric sensor.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":"79 1","pages":"391-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46716461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study explores using acoustic emission testing (AE) to monitor the elastoplastic fracture toughness (JIC) of high-strength, low-alloy (HSLA) steel in two different orientations. Acoustic emission signals generated during the tests were found to be higher during bulk yielding upon initial loading, after which they decreased during intermediate loading before increasing again. The acoustic emission signals generated were used to correlate with the JIC values determined from unloading compliance tests. The point of crack initiation estimated by AE is lower than that determined by the unloading compliance tests. Beyond the point of crack initiation determined by AE, the acoustic emission signals generated increased rapidly, which is attributed to crack growth. The results of AE during crack initiation are supported by the peak amplitude of the acoustic emission signals. The possibility of using AE data to estimate fracture toughness values has also been explored for HSLA steel.
{"title":"Monitoring of Elastoplastic Fracture Behavior of HSLA Steel Using Acoustic Emission Testing","authors":"J. Kumar, C. Mukhopadhyay, V. Kumar","doi":"10.32548/2021.ME-04137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2021.ME-04137","url":null,"abstract":"The present study explores using acoustic emission testing (AE) to monitor the elastoplastic fracture toughness (JIC) of high-strength, low-alloy (HSLA) steel in two different orientations. Acoustic emission signals generated during the tests were found to be higher during bulk yielding upon initial loading, after which they decreased during intermediate loading before increasing again. The acoustic emission signals generated were used to correlate with the JIC values determined from unloading compliance tests. The point of crack initiation estimated by AE is lower than that determined by the unloading compliance tests. Beyond the point of crack initiation determined by AE, the acoustic emission signals generated increased rapidly, which is attributed to crack growth. The results of AE during crack initiation are supported by the peak amplitude of the acoustic emission signals. The possibility of using AE data to estimate fracture toughness values has also been explored for HSLA steel.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":"79 1","pages":"383-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46247882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Wassink, M. Grenier, Mitchell Sirois, Anna M. Allard, Jonathan Berthier
Eddy current testing is considered a theoretically challenging technique. Out of all the different nondestructive testing (NDT) methods, the electromagnetic testing (ET) method (of which eddy current testing is a technique) is probably the most difficult for understanding theory. This is perhaps why the last Materials Evaluation Back to Basics paper on eddy current testing is from 2006, which is a long time ago given the amount of innovation in the technique that has taken place since then (Hansen and Peoples 2006). In this paper we will show what has changed due to recent innovations. We first will present the physics, and then explain how modern equipment assists the user in distinguishing between different physical phenomena. Although this paper is on conventional eddy current testing, we will also mention some other ET techniques along with their advantages and disadvantages.
涡流测试被认为是一种理论上具有挑战性的技术。在所有不同的无损检测方法中，电磁检测(ET)方法(其中涡流检测是一种技术)可能是最难以理解的理论。这也许就是为什么最后一篇关于涡流测试的材料评估回归基础的论文是在2006年发表的，考虑到自那以后技术上的大量创新，这是很久以前的事情了(Hansen and Peoples 2006)。在本文中，我们将展示由于最近的创新而发生的变化。我们将首先介绍物理，然后解释现代设备如何帮助用户区分不同的物理现象。虽然本文是关于传统的涡流测试，但我们也会提到一些其他的ET技术及其优缺点。
{"title":"Eddy Current Testing Basics and Innovation","authors":"C. Wassink, M. Grenier, Mitchell Sirois, Anna M. Allard, Jonathan Berthier","doi":"10.32548/2021.ME-04218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2021.ME-04218","url":null,"abstract":"Eddy current testing is considered a theoretically challenging technique. Out of all the different nondestructive testing (NDT) methods, the electromagnetic testing (ET) method (of which eddy current testing is a technique) is probably the most difficult for understanding theory. This is perhaps why the last Materials Evaluation Back to Basics paper on eddy current testing is from 2006, which is a long time ago given the amount of innovation in the technique that has taken place since then (Hansen and Peoples 2006). In this paper we will show what has changed due to recent innovations. We first will present the physics, and then explain how modern equipment assists the user in distinguishing between different physical phenomena. Although this paper is on conventional eddy current testing, we will also mention some other ET techniques along with their advantages and disadvantages.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":"79 1","pages":"360-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46349176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper is intended to highlight roles that women can and likely will play in shaping the future of NDE 4.0, from execution to leadership levels as well as from development to transformation activities. As we build momentum toward adopting Industry 4.0 into the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) domain, we face multiple challenges such as technology standardization, talent and skills shortfall, massive transformation, and regulatory and certification standards (Singh 2019, 2020a). Many of these challenges are better addressed with a proper mix of gender in responsible teams. Women in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) fields are a source of talent that can be harnessed as digitalization becomes a major part of the NDE sector. According to a recent Forbes article, traits like listening and empathy serve women well in “change leadership,” which is the ability to influence and inspire action in others and respond with vision and agility during periods of growth, disruption, or uncertainty to bring about the needed change (Lipkin 2019). While working the innovation value chain, emotional intelligence makes women better suited to capturing marketplace insight and easing friction in technology adoption, and a balance of gender in a team makes for more productive ideation sessions for effective problem-solving and objective execution. This paper presents literature research triggered by personal experience and substantiated by recent candid conversations with women leaders in NDE, to highlight the importance of a blended and balanced gender mix required for NDE 4.0.
{"title":"Role of Women in the Pursuit of NDE 4.0","authors":"Ripi Singh, M. Miceli","doi":"10.32548/2021.ME-04215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2021.ME-04215","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is intended to highlight roles that women can and likely will play in shaping the future of NDE 4.0, from execution to leadership levels as well as from development to transformation activities. As we build momentum toward adopting Industry 4.0 into the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) domain, we face multiple challenges such as technology standardization, talent and skills shortfall, massive transformation, and regulatory and certification standards (Singh 2019, 2020a). Many of these challenges are better addressed with a proper mix of gender in responsible teams. Women in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) fields are a source of talent that can be harnessed as digitalization becomes a major part of the NDE sector. According to a recent Forbes article, traits like listening and empathy serve women well in “change leadership,” which is the ability to influence and inspire action in others and respond with vision and agility during periods of growth, disruption, or uncertainty to bring about the needed change (Lipkin 2019). While working the innovation value chain, emotional intelligence makes women better suited to capturing marketplace insight and easing friction in technology adoption, and a balance of gender in a team makes for more productive ideation sessions for effective problem-solving and objective execution. This paper presents literature research triggered by personal experience and substantiated by recent candid conversations with women leaders in NDE, to highlight the importance of a blended and balanced gender mix required for NDE 4.0.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48186229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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