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The Genetic Diversity and Structure of the Feral Raccoon (Procyon lotor) Population in Shikoku Island, Japan 日本四国岛野生浣熊种群的遗传多样性和结构
IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-09 DOI: 10.3106/ms2021-0052
T. Yamashiro, Y. Kaneshiro, A. Yamashiro, M. Maki
Abstract. We explored the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of an invasive alien species, the raccoon Procyon lotor, which was introduced into the Shikoku Island of Japan, using sequences of the mitochondrial control region and 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci. In 80 individuals examined, we detected two genetically divergent haplotypes, indicating that two maternal lineages had been introduced into Shikoku Island. Population clustering analysis suggested the nonexistence of genetic structure in the area. The relatedness network showed that the raccoon population in Shikoku Island consisted of closely related individuals. The genetic diversity of the Shikoku raccoon population was lower than that in the native range. These results and a prior report indicate that the Shikoku raccoon population is likely to have expanded from small numbers of founders originating from an initial invasive population. Raccoon captures outside Kagawa are decreasing, although past expansions into Tokushima and Ehime suggest that there are no geographical barriers among these areas. Therefore, action should be taken to prevent any re-expansion of the raccoon population in Kagawa. Intensive monitoring and the elimination of dispersers from Kagawa, as well as effort to eradicate potential source populations for expansion in Kagawa, are needed.
摘要利用线粒体控制区序列和10个多态性微卫星位点,研究了引进日本四国岛的外来入侵物种——原种浣熊的遗传多样性和种群遗传结构。在80个被检查的个体中,我们检测到两个基因上不同的单倍型,这表明两个母系已经被引入四国岛。群体聚类分析表明该地区不存在遗传结构。亲缘关系网络表明,四国岛的浣熊种群由亲缘关系密切的个体组成。四国浣熊种群的遗传多样性低于本地区。这些结果和之前的一份报告表明,四国浣熊的种群很可能是由最初入侵种群的少量创始者扩大而来的。香川县以外的浣熊捕获量正在减少,尽管过去在德岛和爱媛县的扩张表明这些地区之间没有地理障碍。因此,应该采取行动,防止香川的浣熊种群再次扩大。需要加强监测和消除香川的分散者,并努力消除香川扩张的潜在来源人群。
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引用次数: 0
Body Temperature Measurement Reveals the Reproductive Profile of Female Apodemus speciosus under Laboratory and Field Conditions 体温测量揭示了实验室和野外条件下雌性Apodemus specious的繁殖特征
IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.3106/ms2021-0048
Akira Kuroyanagi, Rina Ukyo, Yoshinobu Kodama, Takeshi Eto, Yoshinobu Okubo, I. Kobayashi, S. Ieiri, Tetsuo Morita, Shinsuke H. Sakamoto
Abstract. This study illustrated body temperature (Tb) fluctuation during reproduction and discussed the effectiveness of measuring Tb for predicting the reproductive profile of female Apodemus speciosus both under laboratory and field conditions. Tb fluctuation was monitored for four breeding events in the laboratory and for three in the field. Individual variation in Tb fluctuation during reproduction was larger in the field than in the laboratory, while its temporal pattern was clearer in the field than in the laboratory. Tb fluctuating patterns according to the progress of the reproductive stage were similar between the laboratory and the field. Daily mean Tb increased after the start of pregnancy, decreased during late pregnancy, rapidly increased after parturition, and remained higher through the lactation period. In particular, the following three characteristics should be apparent indices of parturition: increase of daily mean Tb and daily minimum Tb in early pregnancy, decrease of daily max Tb and daily mean Tb in late pregnancy, and increase of daily max Tb at the day of parturition. These results indicate that implanting small-sized loggers enables us to obtain a representative pattern of Tb fluctuation and to predict the reproductive profile of female A. speciosus, both under laboratory and field conditions.
摘要本研究说明了繁殖过程中的体温(Tb)波动,并讨论了在实验室和野外条件下测量Tb预测雌性Apodemus specious繁殖特征的有效性。在实验室中监测了四次繁殖事件和三次野外繁殖事件的Tb波动。繁殖过程中Tb波动的个体差异在野外比在实验室更大,而其时间模式在野外比实验室更清晰。Tb随生殖阶段进展的波动模式在实验室和现场之间是相似的。日平均Tb在妊娠开始后增加,在妊娠晚期下降,分娩后迅速增加,并在整个哺乳期保持较高水平。特别是,以下三个特征应该是分娩的明显指标:妊娠早期的日平均Tb和日最小Tb增加,妊娠晚期的日最大Tb和每日平均Tb减少,以及分娩当天的每日最大Tb增加。这些结果表明,在实验室和野外条件下,种植小型记录器使我们能够获得Tb波动的代表性模式,并预测雌性物种a.specious的繁殖特征。
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引用次数: 0
Diet Composition and Prey Preference of Tiger, Leopard, and Dhole in Kalakkad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, Southern Western Ghats, India 印度西高止山脉南部Kalakkad Mundanthurai老虎保护区虎、豹和Dhole的饮食组成和猎物偏好
IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.3106/ms2020-0058
B. Krishnakumar, R. Nagarajan, K. Selvan
Abstract. Comprehensive information on prey availability and diet composition is important to formulate effective conservation strategies. Data on these of large apex predators, the tiger Panthera tigris, leopard Panthera pardus, and dhole Cuon alpinus, are deficient in Kalakkad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, India, which harbors low prey density. Therefore, we investigated how these predators coexisted by partitioning limited food resources. We found that prey selection and activity patterns differed among predators. The leopard (D [Jacobs' preference index] = +0.916) and dhole (D = +0.937) preferred the Indian chevrotain Moschiola indica, whereas the tiger preferred the gaur Bos gaurus (D = +0.937). Biomass of tiger's diet mainly consisted of the gaur (75%). In the dhole, the Indian chevrotain and sambar Rusa unicolor together contributed 91% of biomass, whereas 79% of leopard's biomass was contributed by the Nilgiri langur Semnopithecus johnii and the Indian chevrotain. The leopard and dhole had the highest dietary overlap (Ojk [Pianka Index] = 0.46). The highest activity overlap was found among the leopard, Indian chevrotain, and sambar. The leopard and dhole would compete for the Indian chevrotain, although the competition may be avoided by different activity patterns. Managements of the Indian chevrotain and gaur are critical for conserving large predators in the region.
摘要关于猎物可获得性和饮食组成的全面信息对于制定有效的保护策略至关重要。在猎物密度较低的印度Kalakkad Mundanthurai老虎保护区,大型顶级捕食者虎Panthera tigris、豹Panthera pardus和单桅帆船Cuon alpinus的数据不足。因此,我们研究了这些捕食者是如何通过分配有限的食物资源而共存的。我们发现捕食者对猎物的选择和活动模式各不相同。豹子(D[Jacobs偏好指数]=+0.916)和单桅帆船(D=+0.937)更喜欢印度山鸡(chevrotain Moschiola indica),而老虎更喜欢高耳Bos gaurus(D=+0.937)。老虎的日粮生物量主要由高耳组成(75%)。在单桅帆船中,印度的切夫罗坦和桑巴鲁萨单色共同贡献了91%的生物量,而豹子79%的生物量由Nilgiri叶猴Semnopithecus johnii和印度的切夫罗坦贡献。豹子和三角帆船的饮食重叠程度最高(Ojk[Pianka指数]=0.46)。豹子、印度雪花莲和桑巴的活动重叠程度最高。豹子和单桅帆船将争夺印度雪佛兰,尽管不同的活动模式可能会避免这种竞争。印度雪夫罗坦和高尔的管理对于保护该地区的大型捕食者至关重要。
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引用次数: 4
First Record of Lineage IV of Rattus tanezumi (Rodentia: Muridae) from the southern Ryukyus, Japan 日本琉球南部tanezumi鼠(啮齿目:鼠科)世系IV首录
IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.3106/ms2022-0001
M. Motokawa, Tomohisa Makino, Takashi O. Yato, S. Okabe, Tsunehiro Shiroma, M. Toyama, H. Ota
Abstract. Based on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences, we report representatives of the Lineage IV of Rattus tanezumi (Rodentia: Muridae) from Miyakojima, Taramajima, and Yonagunijima Islands in the southern Ryukyus as the first record of the lineage from Japan. The new record of Lineage IV provides an addition to the mammal fauna of Japan essentially at the species level. Accordingly, the genus Rattus in Japan consists of five species: R. rattus, Lineage II of R. tanezumi, Lineage IV of R. tanezumi, R. norvegicus, and R. exulans. The Miyakojima–Taramajima and Yonagunijima samples of the Lineage IV had discernible genetic differences, suggesting different origins. From Miyakojima Island and Kojima Island (an islet close to Miyakojima Island). We also found Lineage II of R. tanezumi, indicating that the two lineages coexist on Miyakojima Island. Morphological comparisons of these Lineage IV and Lineage II specimens suggest a greater molar length in Lineage IV than in Lineage II, and differences in the foramen magnum shape. Future detailed studies on genetic structures, morphological characteristics, and distribution of Lineage IV and Lineage II rats in the southern Ryukyus are needed to clarify their evolutionary history.
摘要基于线粒体细胞色素b基因序列,我们报道了来自琉球南部宫古岛、Taramajima岛和Yonagunijima岛的tanezumi家鼠(啮齿目:鼠科)谱系IV的代表,作为来自日本的第一个谱系记录。谱系IV的新记录基本上在物种水平上为日本哺乳动物动物群提供了一个补充。据此,日本的家鼠属包括5种:家鼠、黄斑家鼠ⅱ系、黄斑家鼠ⅳ系、褐家鼠和黄斑家鼠。世系IV的宫古岛-荒岛和Yonagunijima样本有明显的遗传差异,表明不同的起源。从宫古岛和小岛(靠近宫古岛的一个小岛)。此外,我们还发现了tanezumi的世系II,表明这两个世系在宫古岛上共存。对谱系IV和谱系II标本的形态学比较表明,谱系IV的磨牙长度大于谱系II的磨牙长度,并且在大孔形状上存在差异。未来需要对琉球南部世系IV和世系II大鼠的遗传结构、形态特征和分布进行详细的研究,以阐明它们的进化史。
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引用次数: 1
Cats were Responsible for the Headless Carcasses of Shearwaters: Evidence from Genetic Predator Identification 猫对海鸥的无头尸体负有责任:来自基因捕食者识别的证据
IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.3106/ms2021-0047
J. Nagata, Atsushi Haga, Y. Kusachi, Mikuni Tokuyoshi, H. Endo, Y. Watari
Abstract. The domestic cat Felis silvestris catus is known to be one of the most notorious invasive alien predators. Seabirds are typical taxonomic groups that have been impacted by free-ranging cats on islands, and their headless carcasses are frequently observed. We conducted genetic predator identification of the carcasses of streaked shearwater Calonectris leucomelas and described their characteristics on Mikura Island, Japan, where free-ranging cats were blamed for the recent rapid decline of the shearwater population. Eight carcasses of streaked shearwaters were found in the survey. Genetic analysis of swab samples from scarred tissues of the carcasses detected cat DNA and identified cat predation on six out of eight carcasses. All six cat-positive carcasses were headless or almost headless with the head and body faintly connected by esophagus and trachea, several of which were missing their intestines. We describe the conditions of these headless carcasses, noting the main characteristics that could lead to suspicion of cat predation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first genetic predator identification using seabirds, and may make more stakeholders aware of the reality of cat predation worldwide. On Mikura Island, we expect that this evidence will contribute to the development of systematic cat management. Abstract in Japanese (要旨). オオミズナギドリの首なし死骸はネコの捕食によるものだった:遺伝学的捕 食者検出によるエビデンス.イエネコ Felis silvestris catus は,最も有名な侵略的外来捕食者の一つとして知 られている.海鳥は,島嶼においてイエネコの影響を受けてきた典型的な分類群であり,首のない死骸が頻 繁に観察されることがある.本研究では,御蔵島において,イエネコによって近年個体数が減少していると 言われているオオミズナギドリ Calonectris leucomelas の死骸を対象に,遺伝的捕食者検出を行い,さらに死 骸の特徴を明らかにした.今回の調査では,オオミズナギドリの死骸を 8 個体分発見した.死骸の傷口から 採取したスワブサンプルの遺伝子分析により,8 つの死骸のうち 6 つでイエネコの DNA が検出され,イエ ネコの捕食が確認された.これら 6 つの死骸はすべて頭がないか,頭がかろうじて食道や器官で胴体部とつ ながったほぼ首なしという状態で,そのうちのいくつかは消化管も消失していた.本研究では,この首なし という死骸の状態について,イエネコの捕食を疑うことができる主な特徴として提示する.我々の知る限り, 本研究は海鳥を対象とした初めての遺伝的捕食者検出の事例であり,これにより世界的なイエネコの捕食の 実態が,より多くの関係者に認識されるようになるであろう.さらに,この遺伝学的エビデンスが御蔵島に おける本格的なイエネコ対策の展開に貢献することも期待される
摘要家猫(Felis silvestris catus)被认为是最臭名昭著的外来入侵掠食者之一。海鸟是典型的分类群体,受到岛上自由放养的猫的影响,它们的无头尸体经常被观察到。我们对斑纹鹱的尸体进行了遗传捕食者鉴定,并描述了它们在日本三仓岛的特征,在那里,自由放养的猫被指责是最近海鸥数量迅速下降的原因。在调查中发现了8具斑纹鹱的尸体。对尸体疤痕组织的拭子样本进行遗传分析,发现了猫的DNA,并在8具尸体中发现了6具猫的捕食。所有6具猫阳性尸体都是无头或几乎无头,头部和身体通过食道和气管微弱地连接,其中几具没有肠。我们描述了这些无头尸体的情况,注意到可能导致怀疑被猫捕食的主要特征。据我们所知,这是第一次利用海鸟进行基因捕食者鉴定,可能会让更多的利益相关者意识到全球范围内猫捕食的现实。在Mikura岛,我们期望这一证据将有助于系统猫管理的发展。日文摘要(英文)。。イエネコ猫属silvestri卡图斯は,最も有名な侵略的外来捕食者の一つとして知られている。海鳥は,島嶼においてイエネコの影響を受けてきた典型的な分類群であり,首のない死骸が頻繁に観察されることがある。本研究では,御蔵島において,イエネコによって近年個体数が減少していると言われているオオミズナギドリCalonectris leucomelasの死骸を対象に,遺伝的捕食者検出を行い,さらに死骸の特徴を明らかにした。【中文翻译】,。死骸の傷口から採取したスワブサンプルの遺伝子分析により,8つの死骸のうち6つでイエネコのDNAが検出され,イエネコの捕食が確認された。これら6つの死骸はすべて頭がないか,頭がかろうじて食道や器官で胴体部とつながったほぼ首なしという状態で,そのうちのいくつかは消化管も消失していた。本研究では,この首なしという死骸の状態について,イエネコの捕食を疑うことができる主な特徴として提示する。我々の知る限り,本研究は海鳥を対象とした初めての遺伝的捕食者検出の事例であり,これにより世界的なイエネコの捕食の実態が,より多くの関係者に認識されるようになるであろう。さらに,この遺伝学的エビデンスが御蔵島における本格的なイエネコ対策の展開に貢献することも期待される
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引用次数: 3
Trends in Habitat Use between Sympatric Sika Deer and Japanese Serow as Revealed by Camera Traps 相机陷阱揭示的同域梅花鹿与日本雪鹿栖息地利用趋势
IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.3106/ms2021-0012
Satsuki Nakamori, M. Ando
Abstract. In response to severe vegetation degradation caused by sika deer in Japan, it is important to understand the habitat use trends of the sika deer and sympatric Japanese serows to promote the management and conservation of both species and their habitats. This study used camera traps to examine the trends of habitat use of the two sympatric ungulates in the Kuraiyama Experimental Forest (KEF) at Gifu University. We set camera traps at 20 sites and evaluated the number of individuals photographed for three years. Additionally, we surveyed several environmental factors around the camera trap sites to determine the relationship between species prevalence and habitat features. Both species were photographed at all sites, and some habitat use trends were observed. The deer used the west side of the valley, whereas the serows used the east, with clearer trends further observed in summer. Both ungulates avoided snow cover in winter and used steeper slopes and ridges in several seasons. With the current increase in the deer population, niche overlap between the two species may occur in the common place preferred by both species; therefore, careful monitoring of their relationships and their changes should be continued in the future.
摘要为了应对日本梅花鹿造成的严重植被退化,了解梅花鹿和同病日本血清的栖息地使用趋势,以促进对这两个物种及其栖息地的管理和保护,这一点很重要。这项研究使用相机捕捉器来检查岐阜大学Kuraiyama实验林(KEF)中两种同域有蹄类动物栖息地使用的趋势。我们在20个地点设置了相机陷阱,并评估了三年来拍摄的个人数量。此外,我们调查了相机捕捉点周围的几个环境因素,以确定物种流行率和栖息地特征之间的关系。这两个物种都在所有地点拍摄了照片,并观察到了一些栖息地的使用趋势。鹿使用山谷的西侧,而serows使用山谷的东侧,在夏季进一步观察到更清晰的趋势。这两种有蹄类动物在冬天都避开了积雪,并在几个季节使用了更陡的斜坡和山脊。随着目前鹿种群的增加,两个物种之间的生态位重叠可能发生在两个物种都喜欢的共同位置;因此,今后应继续仔细监测它们之间的关系及其变化。
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引用次数: 0
The European Mink (Mustela lutreola) on Kunashir Island: Confirmed Survival 40 years After Introduction 库纳希尔岛上的欧洲水貂(Mustela lutreola):引进40年后确认存活
IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.3106/ms2021-0044
Aleksandr A. Kisleyko, V. Dinets, M. Grishchenko, Evgeny E. Kozlovskiy, L. Khlyap
Abstract. In the early 1980s, the European mink (Mustela lutreola) was introduced on Kunashir [Kunashiri] Island in the Kuril [Chishima] Islands in order to preserve it in a region where its main competitor, the American mink (Neovison vison), is absent. We present records of the European mink on Kunashir in 2014–2021. In 23 cases, mink footprints were recorded on the snow or on sandbanks; in other nine cases, the animals were recorded visually or using camera traps. Camera trap photos reliably confirm the existence of a European mink population far from its severely contracted native range. The data were used to compose the dataset “Database of the European mink [Mustela lutreola (Linnaeus, 1761)] occurrence on Kunashir Island” that was transferred to the open international repository GBIF.
摘要在20世纪80年代早期,欧洲水貂(Mustela lutreola)被引入千岛群岛的国后岛(Kunashir),以便在其主要竞争对手美国水貂(Neovison vison)缺席的地区保护它。我们展示了2014-2021年国后山欧洲水貂的记录。在23个案例中,在雪地或沙洲上记录到了貂的脚印;在其他9个案例中,动物被目测或使用相机陷阱记录下来。相机捕捉器的照片可靠地证实了欧洲水貂种群的存在,这些种群远离其严重萎缩的本土范围。这些数据被用于组成“库纳锡尔岛欧洲水貂[Mustela lutreola (Linnaeus, 1761)]发生数据库”数据集,该数据集被转移到开放的国际知识库GBIF。
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引用次数: 2
Caudal Vertebral Fragilities Related to Loss of a Tail Part in Two Species of the Japanese Field Mice 两种日本野鼠尾部缺失引起的脊椎脆性
IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.3106/ms2020-0056
M. Iwasa, Atsushi Hasegawa
Abstract. In the Japanese field mice, Apodemus argenteus and A. speciosus, loss of a tail part has often been observed under natural conditions. Such loss is considered a way of avoiding damage during physical accidents and attacks. Here, we studied the types of losses, types of caudal breakages, and breakage positions along the tail. The losses mainly consisted of intervertebral breakage (inter-VB) and intravertebral breakage (intra-VB). VB occurred widely along the tail in both Apodemus species and showed no specific tendency for the inter-VB positions. Intra-VB was confirmed at caudal vertebrae of the middle portion of the tail, consisting of vertebrae with lower relative width (minimum width/maximum length in each caudal vertebra) ranges showing a mean of approximately 0.15–0.28 in both Apodemus species. Previous studies in lizards and rodents found autotomic inter-VB and intra-VB to be positioned in a specific small portion of the tail. However, we found that in field mice, inter-VB and intra-VB were widely distributed along the tail without a regular position. Therefore, it is suggested that both inter-VB and intra-VB as self-defense ways in Apodemus appear to be mere torn-off breakages rather than autotomies, due to certain fragilities in intra- and intervertebral structures.
摘要在日本的小白鼠,Apodemus argenteus和A.specious中,在自然条件下经常观察到尾巴部分的缺失。这种损失被认为是避免在人身事故和袭击中造成损害的一种方式。在这里,我们研究了损失的类型,尾部断裂的类型,以及沿着尾部的断裂位置。损失主要包括椎间盘破裂(VB间)和椎管内破裂(VB内)。在两种Apodemus中,VB都广泛分布在尾部,并且在VB之间的位置没有表现出特定的趋势。在尾部中部的尾椎骨处确认了VB内,该尾椎骨由相对宽度较低(每个尾椎骨的最小宽度/最大长度)的椎骨组成,两种Apodemus的平均值约为0.15–0.28。先前对蜥蜴和啮齿类动物的研究发现,VB间和VB内的自体位于尾巴的特定小部分。然而,我们发现在野外小鼠中,VB间和VB内沿着尾巴广泛分布,没有规则的位置。因此,由于Apodemus体内和椎间结构的某些脆弱性,VB间和VB内的自卫方式似乎都只是撕下的碎片,而不是自残。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Human Activity on the Fallen-Fruit Foraging Behavior of Carnivoran Species in an Urban Forest 人类活动对城市森林食肉动物落果觅食行为的影响
IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-15 DOI: 10.3106/ms2021-0041
S. Ōsugi, Bruna Elisa Trentin, S. Koike
Abstract. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether and how the fruit-foraging behaviors of two frugivorous carnivorans, the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and Japanese badger (Meles anakuma), are influenced by the presence of humans. In the first investigation, we contrasted the frequency and duration of foraging visits to fruit-bearing trees in an urban forest and a mountain forest. In the second investigation, we employed a modeling approach to ascertain whether the degree of shelter affected tree selection in the urban forest by these frugivorous species. The results of the first investigation showed that both species foraged almost solely at night in the urban forest and had significantly shorter visit times in the urban forest than in the mountain forest. The second investigation revealed that both species selected to forage in sheltered places where the forest floor was covered with vegetation. We found that fruit production did not affect tree choice in these places, indicating that the mammals prioritize avoiding humans over effective foraging in places with more plentiful fruits. These tendencies to forage at night and in areas with adequate shelter indicate that these species have adapted their behaviors to avoid humans in urban environments.
摘要本研究的目的是确定浣熊(Nyctereutes procyonoides)和日本獾(Meles anakuma)这两种食果食肉动物的水果觅食行为是否以及如何受到人类存在的影响。在第一次调查中,我们对比了城市森林和山林中果树的觅食频率和持续时间。在第二项调查中,我们采用建模方法来确定遮荫程度是否影响城市森林中这些食果物种的树木选择。第一次调查结果表明,这两种物种在城市森林中几乎只在夜间觅食,并且在城市森林中的访问时间明显短于在山地森林中的访问时间。第二次调查显示,这两个物种都选择在森林地面被植被覆盖的有遮蔽的地方觅食。我们发现,在这些地方,水果产量并不影响树木的选择,这表明哺乳动物优先避开人类,而不是在水果更丰富的地方有效觅食。这些在夜间和有足够庇护所的地区觅食的倾向表明,这些物种已经适应了它们的行为,以避开城市环境中的人类。
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引用次数: 3
Editorial 社论
IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-10 DOI: 10.3106/47-1-e
J. Sato
in a second language We added a system that allows an abstract in a second language. The main purpose of this was to eliminate communication gaps between industry, government, academia, and the public, due to the exclusive use of English in the scientific community. I believe that many people, especially in education and wildlife conservation and manage2 Mammal Study 47 (2022) ment, are interested in the contents of Mammal Study, but do not speak English. Similarly, there must be authors who would like to share their findings with non-English readers. Policy makers usually make decisions in their own language, while the public do not always use English in their daily lives and social activities. Nevertheless, they need Mammal Study. Adding an abstract in a second language could facilitate internationalization by helping people to learn about studies that may be relevant to them. Although it seems paradoxical, admitting diversity can be a useful way to internationalize Mammal Study by eliminating communication gaps. See the Instructions to Authors for more details regarding this addition. Note that the Editor-in-Chief will reject an abstract in a second language if the content is deemed to differ sufficiently from the English abstract or is otherwise unable to verify the content of the second abstract.
在第二语言中我们添加了一个系统,允许使用第二语言进行摘要。这样做的主要目的是消除工业界、政府、学术界和公众之间的沟通差距,因为科学界只使用英语。我相信很多人,尤其是在教育和野生动物保护与管理2《哺乳动物研究47(2022)》中,对《哺乳动物研究》的内容感兴趣,但不会说英语。同样,一定有作者愿意与非英语读者分享他们的发现。决策者通常用自己的语言做出决定,而公众在日常生活和社交活动中并不总是使用英语。然而,它们需要哺乳动物研究。在第二语言中添加摘要可以帮助人们了解可能与他们相关的研究,从而促进国际化。尽管这看起来很矛盾,但承认多样性可以通过消除沟通差距来实现哺乳动物研究的国际化。有关此添加的更多详细信息,请参阅作者说明。请注意,如果第二种语言的摘要内容被认为与英文摘要有足够的差异,或者无法验证第二种摘要的内容,主编将拒绝接受该摘要。
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引用次数: 0
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Mammal Study
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