Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献

A 14-year-old spayed female Miniature Pinscher presented with tongue curling, dysphagia, hypersalivation, and sublingual gland swelling. Comprehensive evaluation, including neurologic and musculoskeletal examinations, blood work, and urinalysis, revealed no abnormalities other than tongue-related signs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a multilobed cystic structure in the occipito-atlanto-axial joint, compressing the right hypoglossal canal. The lesion appeared cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-like on T1-weighted and T2-weighted images, and hyperintense compared with CSF on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery T2-weighted images. The scans suggested mucinous content with enhanced peripheral areas on contrast-enhanced images. Surgical removal and drainage of this cyst were performed, and clinical signs improved markedly. The dorsal cyst was tentatively diagnosed as a ganglion cyst based on histopathologic and imaging findings. Ganglion cysts should be considered in the differential diagnosis for dogs with similar MRI findings and neurologic signs.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a rarely reported arrhythmia in otherwise healthy newborn foals, with a single case of cardioversion using procainamide administration described in the literature. Two neonatal Thoroughbred colts were presented to an equine hospital because of an irregularly irregular tachyarrhythmia and poor latching when trying to nurse. History, physical examination, and initial diagnostic testing including ECG and echocardiography confirmed AF without structural heart disease. The 1st foal converted into normal sinus rhythm after treatment with IV metoprolol and quinidine. The 2nd foal converted to normal sinus rhythm after a single IV dose of metoprolol, intended for rate control. Demeanor and nursing behavior improved markedly after conversion. The 2 foals had normal heart rates and sinus rhythm that persisted for 6 weeks until euthanasia in the 1st foal and for 2 years in the 2nd foal. Rate control and cardioversion should be considered as a treatment for persistent lone AF in neonatal foals.

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) occurs uncommonly in cats and no association has previously been observed with long-term indwelling urinary implants. An 18-year-old male castrated domestic shorthair cat initially was presented for hematuria, leading to the diagnosis of a right-sided ureterolithiasis and severe pyelectasia on ultrasound examination, prompting right-sided subcutaneous ureteral bypass (SUB) device placement. The cat subsequently had intermittent hematuria and dysuria, without ultrasonographic abnormality of the bladder or positive urine culture. Thirteen months later the patient developed refractory lower urinary tract signs, azotemia, a proliferative mass in the region of the cystostomy tube component of the SUB device and evidence of left ureteral obstruction. Cystostomy tube revision and left-sided SUB device placement were performed, as well as a partial cystectomy for removal of the mass. Upon histopathology, the mass was diagnosed as a UC. To our knowledge, UC associated with a long-term indwelling cystostomy catheter component of a SUB device has not been reported in veterinary medicine.

A 10-year-old male neutered crossbreed dog and an 8-year-old female neutered greyhound presented after peracute onset of cerebellar dysfunction. The crossbreed dog had anisocoria with the left pupil being mydriatic, spontaneous conjugate rotatory nystagmus with fast phase to the left and delayed postural reactions on the left side. The greyhound had anisocoria with the left pupil being mydriatic, right positional ventral strabismus, absent menace response in the left eye and postural reaction deficits on the left side. For both dogs, the neuroanatomical localization was left cerebellum with paradoxical vestibular syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging identified a left cerebellar ischemic territorial infarct of the rostral cerebellar artery, involving the region of the left interposital nucleus. Both dogs were given supportive care and at 2-week follow-up the anisocoria had resolved. Anisocoria with mydriasis can be a clinical sign in dogs with naturally-occurring cerebellar ischemic infarcts in the region of the ipsilateral interposital nucleus.