Journal of the American Pharmacists Association最新文献

{"title":"Implementation and outcomes of a pharmacist-led social determinants of health screening and intervention program in an integrated health system specialty pharmacy model","authors":"Irfana Lakada,&nbsp;Martha Stutsky,&nbsp;Carolkim Huynh,&nbsp;Shreevidya Periyasamy,&nbsp;Andrea Idusuyi","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Social determinants of health (SDOH) are nonmedical factors that impact health outcomes. Pharmacists within integrated health system specialty pharmacies (HSSPs) are positioned to identify and address SDOH barriers.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective was to implement and evaluate a pharmacist-led SDOH program for HSSP patients.</div></div><div><h3>Practice description</h3><div>The practice innovation was implemented within 4 health systems in Michigan and Massachusetts with associated HSSPs and a standard specialty pharmacy clinical management model incorporating initial patient counseling and periodic reassessments.</div></div><div><h3>Practice innovation</h3><div>A SDOH screening and intervention program was developed and piloted at 4 health systems with associated HSSPs. Patients with HIV, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and hyperlipidemia meeting pre-defined inclusion criteria were enrolled in the program from September 2023 through September 2024. After screening patients for SDOH barriers, pharmacists offered targeted interventions and structured follow-ups to ensure resolution of challenges.</div></div><div><h3>Evaluation methods</h3><div>Patients enrolled in the program were analyzed using data extracted from the electronic medical record and patient management platform. The primary outcome was intervention acceptance rate; secondary outcomes included intervention categories, patient-perceived value of interventions, ongoing support needs, pharmacist time spent, and clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 50 patients (HIV: n = 6; RA: n = 27; hyperlipidemia: n = 17) enrolled, 56% completed screening and 79% of those accepted interventions. Of the 19 patients who received follow-up, 63% found the interventions beneficial, and 4 required ongoing support. The most frequent interventions included food security/nutrition (46%) and physical activity (25%). The average time per intervention was 60 min (range: 15-180 min). Patients with interventions demonstrated clinical outcomes improvements, including a mean Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3 score reduction of 3 points (range: 1.3-27.3) and mean low-density lipoprotein reduction of 29.8 mg/dL (range: 44-137) for RA and hyperlipidemia, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These pilot results suggest that a pharmacist-led SDOH program may be effective in addressing patient barriers, demonstrated by high acceptance rate and perceived benefit of interventions and improved clinical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 2","pages":"Article 103008"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methemoglobinemia induced by dapsone, hydroxychloroquine, and rifampin combination for post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome: A case report","authors":"Jarett Worden,&nbsp;Tyler Baumeister,&nbsp;Sarah Stogner,&nbsp;Nancy Henin,&nbsp;Rebecca A. Stern","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A patient presented to the emergency department with drug-induced methemoglobinemia due to a combination of medications prescribed for post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS). This case highlights the potential risks of dapsone, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), and rifampin for the management of PTLDS.</div></div><div><h3>Case summary</h3><div>A 62-year-old female presented to the hospital with shortness of breath and low oxygen saturation. Past medical history included a diagnosis of PTLDS, for which she was prescribed a combination of dapsone, HCQ, doxycycline, rifampin, and ivermectin at home. The patient had an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air but was otherwise clinically stable. Arterial blood gas was obtained and demonstrated an elevated methemoglobin level (11.2%). Analysis of peripheral blood smear revealed oxidative hemolysis, indicating medication-induced methemoglobinemia. Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) testing was ordered to assess for G6PD deficiency, as this is a known risk factor for methemoglobinemia and had not previously been evaluated for this patient. Testing did not demonstrate a G6PD deficiency for this patient. A negative Lyme total antibody test confirmed no active infection. Both dapsone and HCQ are known to induce methemoglobinemia and the addition of rifampin may enhance this effect. Patient improved on supplemental oxygen, ascorbic acid, and discontinuation of dapsone, HCQ, ivermectin, doxycycline, and rifampin therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Practice implications</h3><div>There is no strong evidence for any anti-infectives used for the treatment of PTLDS, with either short- or long-term use. Dapsone and HCQ can each cause methemoglobinemia. That effect may be increased when used together, especially in combination with rifampin. Appropriate risk assessment and monitoring should be considered when utilizing this combination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 2","pages":"Article 103009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors that can impact community pharmacists' role in reducing health disparities","authors":"Jenna Goins,&nbsp;Elizabeth Unni","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Social determinants of health (SDoH) significantly impact health outcomes but are often overlooked in community health care settings. Community pharmacists, as highly accessible providers, are well positioned to address these social factors and reduce health disparities. However, limited research has examined their preparedness, resource access, or current engagement in SDoH interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study assessed New York State community pharmacists' knowledge, access to, and use of SDoH-related resources using the theoretical framework proposed by Kiles et al., which examines pharmacist roles at the patient, practice, and community levels.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey of 37 items was distributed electronically to licensed community pharmacists across New York State. The survey captured data on demographics, SDoH knowledge and resource awareness, and practice-based engagement. Descriptive and inferential statistics identified key trends and associations. Two composite scores—SDoH resource awareness and availability—were generated to evaluate pharmacist familiarity with and access to social support services.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 355 pharmacists met eligibility criteria and completed the survey. Those with training in health disparities demonstrated significantly higher awareness of cultural practices, health screening availability, and mental health resources. While many reported availability of naloxone, immunizations, and smoking cessation services, fewer than a quarter offered disease state education, and just a fifth had training in depression screening. Fewer than one-third routinely recommended Medicare Part D enrollment. A moderately strong positive correlation was found between awareness and availability of SDoH resources. Pharmacists who spoke another language or had long-term tenure at their practice site reported greater familiarity with local needs and resources.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While community pharmacists in New York are positioned to address SDoH, gaps in training, mental health screening, and community engagement persist. Structured training in health disparities and mental health, along with policies to support sustainable implementation of SDoH interventions, are needed to expand pharmacists' capacity to serve vulnerable populations and advance health equity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 2","pages":"Article 103007"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145764925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standing for science: How pharmacists can lead in an era of doubt","authors":"Pamela C. Heaton BSPharm, PhD, FAPhA","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"Article 103004"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145728243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description and impact of a community pharmacy-based Collaborative Practice Agreement","authors":"Levi Hill,&nbsp;Jacquelyn Kissel,&nbsp;Phil Pauvlinch,&nbsp;Jennifer Seifert,&nbsp;Rebecca Lahrman","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>As of 2021, Ohio community pharmacists can enter into collaborative practice agreements to solve drug-related problems related to medication access, drug safety, and improve workflow for both community pharmacists and health care providers.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The primary objective is to describe and quantify the usage of the Community Collaborative Practice Agreement (CPA) at 5 community pharmacies within an integrated clinic. The secondary objective is to evaluate the impact of the Community CPA on pharmacists and other providers at the practice.</div></div><div><h3>Practice description</h3><div>This study was conducted at 5 community pharmacies within a clinic throughout Ohio that provides primary care, pharmacy, dental, mental health, and social services.</div></div><div><h3>Practice innovation</h3><div>A community CPA covering 8 conditions under which pharmacists may prescribe medications and durable medical equipment to solve drug-related problems was implemented at 5 community pharmacies in Ohio.</div></div><div><h3>Evaluation methods</h3><div>A retrospective review of prescriptions written by pharmacists was conducted to assess the primary objective. A survey was created and completed by pharmacists and health care providers at the practice sites to assess the secondary objective.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 954 prescriptions were written by the pharmacists. The conditions most frequently written for include gender affirming care (629, 65.9%), diabetes (219, 23%), and asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (87, 9.1%). The average number of prescriptions written per month was 80 in the first year. Overall, a majority of pharmacists and providers agreed or strongly agreed that the Community CPA improved access to medications and patient safety. Workflow impact varied depending on the pharmacist or provider.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The Community CPA allows pharmacists to take a more active role in providing access to medications and improving patient safety while minimally impacting workflow. This type of innovative practice may help other pharmacists improve medication access and patient safety while maintaining workflow efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"Article 102998"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145728187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the implementation of an analgesia sedation protocol for adult mechanically ventilated patients","authors":"Kristin Kaupp,&nbsp;Kaley McKinnon,&nbsp;Jenna Vardy,&nbsp;Sarah Koppernaes,&nbsp;Volker Eichhorn,&nbsp;Shanna Trenaman,&nbsp;Meghan MacKenzie","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Protocol-based pain and sedation protocols reduce sedative requirements, duration of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), and pain intensity in critically ill adults. An analgesia sedation protocol for mechanically ventilated adults was created and implemented in 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the implementation and impact of an analgesia sedation protocol for mechanically ventilated adults on opioid and sedative medication administration, level of sedation, and duration of mechanical ventilation.</div></div><div><h3>Practice description</h3><div>The creation and implementation of the analgesia sedation protocol was a pharmacist-led, multidisciplinary effort. The protocol is an assessment-driven, stepwise, nurse-protocolized approach to pain and sedation management.</div></div><div><h3>Practice innovation</h3><div>The protocol emphasizes standardized, routine pain assessment and treatment using an analgosedation approach.</div></div><div><h3>Evaluation methods</h3><div>This was a single-center, retrospective, cohort study with a pre-post design.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Preprotocol implementation patients received 13% more propofol (odds ratio [OR] 1.1354 [95% CI 1.1310–1.1399]) and 14% less opioid analgesic medications (OR 0.8597 [95% CI 0.8564–0.8630]) relative to the postimplementation cohort. The median Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale score was −2 in both cohorts, and the median Critical Care Pain Observation Tool was 0 in both cohorts. The median duration of mechanical ventilation decreased by 11 hours or 22% (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and the median ICU LOS decreased by 17 hours or 3.9% (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) after protocol implementation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study confirms successful implementation of an analgosedation protocol through evaluation of opioid and sedative medication exposure. After the implementation, patients received 13% less propofol and 14% more opioid analgesic medications. After protocol implementation, there was a decrease in the duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU LOS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"Article 103003"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the success of a pharmacy technician training program at a large health system","authors":"Sang Kit (Stephen) Wat RPH, PharmD, MPH, MS, BCPS,&nbsp;Patricia Roberts RPh, PharmD, MS, BCPS, BCSCP,&nbsp;Jacalyn Rogers RPH, PharmD, MS, BCPS, CPEL, FASHP","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Current literature on retention rates is limited. This study aimed to assess the University Hospitals’ (UH) Pharmacy Technician Training Program (UHPTTP) at program completion and retention rates at graduation and at 1 year after graduation.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to measure the success of UHPTTP using retention rates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All pharmacy technician trainees enrolled in UHPTTP at UH from November 2020 to September 2023 were included in the study. Data collection began in September 2022 and was completed by December 2023. The primary end points evaluated program completion rates, retention rates at graduation, and retention rates at 1 year. For the secondary end point, the rate of retention at 1 year of externally hired pharmacy technician was compared with the total rate of retention at 1 year of program graduates. All retention data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Categorical variables are analyzed using Fisher’s exact test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The total program completion rate of 77.8% (n = 95). The total retention rate at graduation was 93.2%. The 1-year retention rates of pharmacy technicians who were hired as graduates and external hires are 68.3% and 61.3%, respectively. The total retention rate of UHPTTP graduates was approximately 7.0% higher than external hires (<em>P</em> = 0.688159).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study attempted to measure the success of an American Society of Health-System Pharmacists and Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education–accredited pharmacy technician training program at a large health system. There was no statistically significant difference noted in 1-year retention rates between UHPTTP graduates and external hires. This suggests that UHPTTP was successful in producing qualified pharmacy technician candidates for internal vacant positions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"Article 103002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145575196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing pharmacy access in a landscape of pharmacy closures","authors":"Christine Gong,&nbsp;Bella Blankenship,&nbsp;Lucas A. Berenbrok,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Rodis,&nbsp;E. Michael Murphy","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102934","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"Article 102934"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145575190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review of interest-holder perceptions of pharmacist-prescribed ulipristal acetate emergency contraception","authors":"Alexis C. Delanoy,&nbsp;Timothy C. Hutcherson,&nbsp;Nicole E. Cieri-Hutcherson","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Emergency contraception (EC) is important for the prevention of unintended pregnancy.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This systematic review aimed to evaluate literature assessing interest-holder perceptions of pharmacist-prescribed ulipristal acetate (UPA) EC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A search of Embase, MEDLINE, and PubMed was conducted from inception to March 3, 2025, using the following search terms and permutations: ulipristal, ella, emergency contraception, pharmacist, and pharmacy. Eligibility criteria included the following: primary literature pertaining to pharmacist-prescribed UPA EC, studies reporting on data collected in the United States, studies related to interest-holder (pharmacist, patient, and other interest-holder) perceptions, and full reports in English. Abstract-only records were excluded. Reviewers extracted and synthesized data including study characteristics and interest-holder perceptions of pharmacist-prescribed UPA. Qualitative data were coded for themes. Risk of bias (ROB) was assessed using the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies and the Joanna Briggs Institute Narrative Critical Appraisal tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The search yielded 1906 records; 1298 were screened after deduplication and limited to English and humans. Seven records met the inclusion criteria: 6 California-based cross-sectional studies and 1 Indiana-based pilot study. Eleven outcomes regarding pharmacist, patient, and other interest-holder perceptions were identified; 5 reports included outcomes regarding pharmacists’ perceptions, 3 included patient perceptions, and 2 included a small amount of other interest-holder perceptions. Pharmacists in 3 of 5 reports cited barriers to pharmacist-prescribed UPA; the most common included time, reimbursement for services, and support via staffing, workflow, and management. Pharmacists in 2 of 5 reports expressed desire for additional training. Patients reported benefits of pharmacist-prescribed UPA including reduced cost, time, and improved accessibility in 1 of 2 reports. Other interest holders supported pharmacist-prescribed UPA. All 7 reports had high ROB owing to the response rate.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Pharmacist-prescribed UPA can enhance access to EC. Education, reimbursement, and support barriers must be addressed, in addition to legislation expansion, to enhance implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"Article 103001"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145575209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation and evolution of a citizen council to support patient-oriented pharmacy practice research in Ontario, Canada","authors":"Mathew DeMarco,&nbsp;Elizabeth Vernon-Wilson,&nbsp;Mansur Mehdi,&nbsp;Lisa Dolovich,&nbsp;Nancy M. Waite,&nbsp;Jon Jones,&nbsp;Zahava R.S. Rosenberg Yunger","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Ontario Pharmacy Evidence Network (OPEN) introduced the OPEN Citizens’ Council (OCC) in 2019 as a forum for citizen engagement. The OCC provides OPEN researchers with a mechanism for collecting citizens’ perspectives on research priorities, strategies, data interpretation, and methods.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This paper examines the development and learning from OCC meeting data to provide insight into how a citizen advisory forum can enhance health practice research.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>OCC evaluation used mixed methods. The Public and Patient Engagement Evaluation Tool (PPEET) and participant feedback interviews were offered to both OCC members and researcher presenters following OCC meetings. Descriptive statistical analysis of quantitative data (PPEET survey) was conducted. Inductive thematic analysis was used to conceptualize themes from qualitative semi-structured interviews from both OCC members and researcher presenters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ongoing collection and analysis of survey data guided changes to OCC delivery. These included adjusting training, modifying meeting duration and scheduling, expanding preparation and discussion by posting materials online prior to meetings. Qualitative analysis of interview data led to development of four major themes: 1) rationale for participation in OCC, 2) OCC meeting experience, 3) lessons learned about citizen engagement, and 4) research impact and ramifications of citizen engagement (CE).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Regular evaluation enabled council development that provided pharmacy researchers with a way to explore societal views on strategic and implementation research stages. By tapping into broad, civic knowledge, citizen engagement panels can complement other research engagement activities that include patients who have specific, lived experiences. Greater recognition of engagement types, activities, and associated value, along with resources to support collaborative initiatives, will lead to a more responsive research landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"Article 102997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145558760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}