Journal of the American Pharmacists Association最新文献

{"title":"Pharmacists' propensity to trust automated technologies: A demographic analysis","authors":"Megan Whitaker,&nbsp;Brigid Rowell,&nbsp;Jin Yong Kim,&nbsp;Raed Al Kontar,&nbsp;X. Jessie Yang,&nbsp;Corey A. Lester","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Artificial intelligence (AI), in conjunction with automated technologies, is being deployed in pharmacies. Little research has been published regarding pharmacists' general willingness to trust AI. Understanding pharmacists' propensity to trust (PTT) AI may help guide the successful implementation and adoption of AI tools.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective is to assess pharmacists' PTT AI with automated technology and identify factors that may influence this tendency.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>As part of a larger study, licensed pharmacists completed a demographics survey and the PTT survey before testing AI advice on medication fills. The PTT survey consisted of 6 statements about AI and pharmacists indicated their level of agreement using a 5-point Likert scale, with higher numbers indicating more agreement. Summary statistics, Kruskal-Wallis tests, linear regressions, and confidence intervals were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ninety-nine pharmacists completed the surveys. The mean pharmacist age was 38.1 years and the median PTT score was 3.83 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Age was a statistically significant predictor of PTT (β = 0.02, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, and R² = 0.11). Linear regressions yielded statistically significant results for age and the work experience category of 21 or more years. No significant differences were found between the PTT scores and gender, ethnicity, race, or pharmacy setting.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Older and more experienced pharmacists had higher PTT scores. Exposure to AI tools during pharmacy education may help younger pharmacists optimize their PTT AI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 2","pages":"Article 103011"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145835831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the APhA Foundation Incentive Grants Program: Perceptions from residency program","authors":"Emily Albers,&nbsp;Shanna K. O'Connor,&nbsp;Cristian Rodriquez","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2026.103025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2026.103025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The American Pharmacists Association (APhA) Foundation Incentive Grants Program provides financial support for practice-based research projects designed to enhance the health outcomes of patients. Incentive grants have been a staiting point for many pharmacists, residents, and students to develop a passion for innovative patient care.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate residency program directors' (RPDs) perception of the Incentive Grants Program, the perceived value of program facilitation, and impact of the program on practice sites.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>RPDs from Incentive Grant-funded programs participated in a 16-item survey and follow-up focus groups where they responded to questions related to their programs, their residents, program-related publications, impact of the program, and perceptions of the program and experience.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-five RPDs completed the survey and 9 participated in focus groups. Findings included that 95.7% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that the Incentive Grants program is valuable to community-based practice, and agreement that residents benefit from Incentive Grants. Some areas of improvement for the Incentive Grants program were identified, including a need to refine the scoring rubric for applications to more heavily weigh feasibility, communication from APhA foundation coordinators to RPDs and residents, and expectations related to publications.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Incentive Grants program is positively perceived by RPDs and can be improved by streamlining communication and administration of the program. The program-funded projects are valuable to community-based practice and the grants themselves may benefit trainees more than broadly impacting practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 2","pages":"Article 103025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145992997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dosing impact of cefepime and meropenem on multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa chronic cellulitis: A case report","authors":"Xiaofeng Botner","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2026.103017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2026.103017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To describe a case of treatment failure and emergent resistance due to suboptimal antibiotic dosing and demonstrate a practical strategy for optimizing dosing to achieve treatment efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Case summary</h3><div>We report a woman in her 90s with no history of renal disease but with low weight and height. She was treated with a renally adjusted dose of cefepime for cellulitis caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa,</em> with a minimum inhibitory concentration at the susceptibility borderline. One month later, she was re-admitted for cefepime-resistant <em>P. aeruginosa</em> cellulitis and therapy was switched to meropenem. The meropenem dose was optimized by evaluating both the creatinine clearance (CrCl) calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault equation and the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). This approach led to a successful treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Practice implications</h3><div>This case highlights the challenge of dosing antibiotics in the elderly population for MDR bacteria, where high doses are often required. To prevent treatment failure and the emergence of resistance from suboptimal dosing, we recommend evaluating renal function using MDRD eGFR in addition to CrCl, when a significant discrepancy exists between the 2 values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 2","pages":"Article 103017"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145937373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of community pharmacist-administered injectable naltrexone for drug treatment court participants: Results from a pilot study","authors":"Jason S. Chladek,&nbsp;Aaron M. Gilson,&nbsp;Michele Gassman,&nbsp;James H. Ford II","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2026.103029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2026.103029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Drug treatment courts (DTCs) are designed to reduce relapse and recidivism among individuals with substance use issues, including opioid use disorder (OUD). Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are part of the gold standard for OUD treatment. Most drug courts, including adult courts, authorize the use of MOUD for program participants. However, the overall percentage of individuals receiving MOUD remains low.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Explore if Wisconsin DTCs collaborate with community pharmacists to administer injectable naltrexone, as well as perceptions, barriers, and advantages of these collaborations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 21-item survey was administered to Wisconsin Treatment Court coordinators to understand the use of injectable naltrexone for OUD among program participants. Respondents were invited to participate in an unstructured focus group following survey completion. Subsequently, community pharmacists were recruited for an interview panel. The focus group and interview panel purpose was to understand perspectives related to a bi-directional collaboration to provide injectable naltrexone for program participants. Descriptive statistics and an inductive thematic analysis summarized study findings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 20 respondents completed the survey. Three of the 4 DTCs providing MOUD report administering injectable naltrexone to participants and awareness that pharmacists can administer injectable naltrexone. However, only one had directly worked with a pharmacist. Two treatment court coordinators participated in the focus group, and 4 community pharmacists participated in the interview panel. Emergent themes included lack of awareness and concerns regarding community pharmacy services and potential advantages of and barriers to community pharmacist-administered injectable naltrexone.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Community pharmacist-administered injectable naltrexone is not widely used within Wisconsin DTCs. However, treatment court coordinators and community pharmacists acknowledged the potential benefits of community pharmacy involvement to administer injectable naltrexone. Future research should expand on these findings and explore ways to increase knowledge and awareness of injectable naltrexone and community pharmacist-provided services and address barriers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 2","pages":"Article 103029"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146032579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacist's role in addressing barriers to continuous glucose monitoring within underserved communities","authors":"Christ Ange K. Cellino ,&nbsp;En-Ling Chen ,&nbsp;Julia Pawelek,&nbsp;Chris J. Daly,&nbsp;David M. Jacobs,&nbsp;Gina M. Prescott","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has transformed diabetes care by enabling real-time tracking of glucose levels, improving glycemic control, reducing hypoglycemia, and enhancing quality of life. Despite their clinical benefits, CGM adoption remains inequitable, with underserved populations facing barriers such as low digital and health literacy, financial hardship, limited provider engagement, and fragmented healthcare system infrastructure. Pharmacists, trusted and accessible providers embedded within communities, have emerged as key collaborators for CGM use through patient education, data interpretation, and treatment optimization. Evidence from community-based settings demonstrates that pharmacist-led CGM interventions are associated with significant reductions in HbA1c, improvements in time-in-range, and enhanced patient engagement, although studies focusing specifically on underserved populations remain limited. Persistent barriers at patient, provider, and system levels must be addressed to achieve equitable CGM system access, including challenges related to cost, digital access or literacy, language barriers, health care professional training and patient education. By advancing pharmacist-led CGM initiatives tailored to the social and cultural needs of underserved populations, there is an opportunity to reduce disparities in CGM utilization and improve diabetes outcomes. This commentary highlights current evidence, identifies gaps, and issues a call to action for expanding pharmacist-led CGM programs in high need populations as a critical step toward promoting health equity in diabetes management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 2","pages":"Article 103016"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145919590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating trauma-informed care into ambulatory settings: A practical approach","authors":"Casey Gallimore,&nbsp;K. Ashley Garling","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Outpatient pharmacy settings, such as ambulatory care clinics, serve patients by addressing their medical needs and providing longitudinal pharmacy health care services within their communities. In the United States, approximately 83% of people have experienced a traumatic event in their lifetime, and these exposures can significantly impact their long-term health outcomes. Trauma-informed care (TIC) is an approach to health care that recognizes and responds to the impact of trauma on individuals in ways that promote healing and recovery and avoid re-traumatization.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This article aims to guide ambulatory care pharmacists on implementing trauma-informed care (TIC) to improve patient outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This guidance includes how to recognize signs and symptoms of trauma, navigate trauma disclosures, build trust with survivors through trauma-informed communication, and report abuse in a pharmacy ambulatory care setting, highlighting the crucial role of pharmacists in this process.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Trauma-informed practices and care in ambulatory settings are not just important but essential due to the ongoing nature of care and the management of chronic health conditions in patients who have experienced trauma, underscoring the significance of pharmacists' roles in patient care. Although the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration has outlined TIC approaches, there is a gap in training within the Doctor of Pharmacy program and a lack of published literature on using TIC in specific settings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The effective use of TIC in ambulatory care settings can significantly improve patient care and, ultimately, patient health outcomes, making pharmacists an integral part of the health care process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 2","pages":"Article 102946"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methemoglobinemia induced by dapsone, hydroxychloroquine, and rifampin combination for post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome: A case report","authors":"Jarett Worden,&nbsp;Tyler Baumeister,&nbsp;Sarah Stogner,&nbsp;Nancy Henin,&nbsp;Rebecca A. Stern","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A patient presented to the emergency department with drug-induced methemoglobinemia due to a combination of medications prescribed for post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS). This case highlights the potential risks of dapsone, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), and rifampin for the management of PTLDS.</div></div><div><h3>Case summary</h3><div>A 62-year-old female presented to the hospital with shortness of breath and low oxygen saturation. Past medical history included a diagnosis of PTLDS, for which she was prescribed a combination of dapsone, HCQ, doxycycline, rifampin, and ivermectin at home. The patient had an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air but was otherwise clinically stable. Arterial blood gas was obtained and demonstrated an elevated methemoglobin level (11.2%). Analysis of peripheral blood smear revealed oxidative hemolysis, indicating medication-induced methemoglobinemia. Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) testing was ordered to assess for G6PD deficiency, as this is a known risk factor for methemoglobinemia and had not previously been evaluated for this patient. Testing did not demonstrate a G6PD deficiency for this patient. A negative Lyme total antibody test confirmed no active infection. Both dapsone and HCQ are known to induce methemoglobinemia and the addition of rifampin may enhance this effect. Patient improved on supplemental oxygen, ascorbic acid, and discontinuation of dapsone, HCQ, ivermectin, doxycycline, and rifampin therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Practice implications</h3><div>There is no strong evidence for any anti-infectives used for the treatment of PTLDS, with either short- or long-term use. Dapsone and HCQ can each cause methemoglobinemia. That effect may be increased when used together, especially in combination with rifampin. Appropriate risk assessment and monitoring should be considered when utilizing this combination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 2","pages":"Article 103009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors that can impact community pharmacists' role in reducing health disparities","authors":"Jenna Goins,&nbsp;Elizabeth Unni","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.103007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Social determinants of health (SDoH) significantly impact health outcomes but are often overlooked in community health care settings. Community pharmacists, as highly accessible providers, are well positioned to address these social factors and reduce health disparities. However, limited research has examined their preparedness, resource access, or current engagement in SDoH interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study assessed New York State community pharmacists' knowledge, access to, and use of SDoH-related resources using the theoretical framework proposed by Kiles et al., which examines pharmacist roles at the patient, practice, and community levels.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey of 37 items was distributed electronically to licensed community pharmacists across New York State. The survey captured data on demographics, SDoH knowledge and resource awareness, and practice-based engagement. Descriptive and inferential statistics identified key trends and associations. Two composite scores—SDoH resource awareness and availability—were generated to evaluate pharmacist familiarity with and access to social support services.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 355 pharmacists met eligibility criteria and completed the survey. Those with training in health disparities demonstrated significantly higher awareness of cultural practices, health screening availability, and mental health resources. While many reported availability of naloxone, immunizations, and smoking cessation services, fewer than a quarter offered disease state education, and just a fifth had training in depression screening. Fewer than one-third routinely recommended Medicare Part D enrollment. A moderately strong positive correlation was found between awareness and availability of SDoH resources. Pharmacists who spoke another language or had long-term tenure at their practice site reported greater familiarity with local needs and resources.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While community pharmacists in New York are positioned to address SDoH, gaps in training, mental health screening, and community engagement persist. Structured training in health disparities and mental health, along with policies to support sustainable implementation of SDoH interventions, are needed to expand pharmacists' capacity to serve vulnerable populations and advance health equity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 2","pages":"Article 103007"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145764925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From blueprint to practice: Implementation strategies for behavioral health programs in community pharmacy","authors":"Melanie Livet,&nbsp;Amber Watson","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite the need for practical implementation systems, few studies have focused on operationalizing and exploring use of clearly articulated implementation strategies to support uptake of patient care interventions in community pharmacies. This project involved implementation of a behavioral health (BH) intervention for depression and anxiety at 7 pharmacy sites over a 6–11 month period.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study describes the comprehensive, multifaceted blueprint that guided pharmacies through the implementation process, and summarizes the lessons learned related to use of its implementation strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The implementation blueprint involved operationalization of 8 strategy clusters adapted from Waltz and colleagues' Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change taxonomy. Lessons learned were generated through 30-45 minutes interviews with 7 pharmacists leading the implementation. These interviews focused on successes, barriers, and key insights related to implementation. The transcripts were analyzed using directive content analysis involving an a-priori coding structure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Five lessons learned emerged: (1) offering the BH intervention as an add-on to already existing patient care services facilitates integration; (2) patient engagement strategies hinge on clarifying the role the pharmacist can play in behavioral health care; (3) level of connectivity between the pharmacist and the local BH community influence follow-on care; (4) convenience of patient care workflows and availability of implementation supports are critical implementation strategies; and (5) intent to continue offering the BH services is dependent on perceived value for both patients and pharmacists.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Beyond the immediate improvements that can be made to the original blueprint, results highlight 3 key findings with implications for advancing community pharmacy practice through implementation science: the importance of customizing implementation strategies for community pharmacy; the need to further emphasize and integrate relational strategies into implementation blueprints and frameworks; and the value of leveraging the interdependencies among implementation strategies to improve effective implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"Article 102967"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145433656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation and evolution of a citizen council to support patient-oriented pharmacy practice research in Ontario, Canada","authors":"Mathew DeMarco,&nbsp;Elizabeth Vernon-Wilson,&nbsp;Mansur Mehdi,&nbsp;Lisa Dolovich,&nbsp;Nancy M. Waite,&nbsp;Jon Jones,&nbsp;Zahava R.S. Rosenberg Yunger","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Ontario Pharmacy Evidence Network (OPEN) introduced the OPEN Citizens’ Council (OCC) in 2019 as a forum for citizen engagement. The OCC provides OPEN researchers with a mechanism for collecting citizens’ perspectives on research priorities, strategies, data interpretation, and methods.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This paper examines the development and learning from OCC meeting data to provide insight into how a citizen advisory forum can enhance health practice research.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>OCC evaluation used mixed methods. The Public and Patient Engagement Evaluation Tool (PPEET) and participant feedback interviews were offered to both OCC members and researcher presenters following OCC meetings. Descriptive statistical analysis of quantitative data (PPEET survey) was conducted. Inductive thematic analysis was used to conceptualize themes from qualitative semi-structured interviews from both OCC members and researcher presenters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ongoing collection and analysis of survey data guided changes to OCC delivery. These included adjusting training, modifying meeting duration and scheduling, expanding preparation and discussion by posting materials online prior to meetings. Qualitative analysis of interview data led to development of four major themes: 1) rationale for participation in OCC, 2) OCC meeting experience, 3) lessons learned about citizen engagement, and 4) research impact and ramifications of citizen engagement (CE).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Regular evaluation enabled council development that provided pharmacy researchers with a way to explore societal views on strategic and implementation research stages. By tapping into broad, civic knowledge, citizen engagement panels can complement other research engagement activities that include patients who have specific, lived experiences. Greater recognition of engagement types, activities, and associated value, along with resources to support collaborative initiatives, will lead to a more responsive research landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"66 1","pages":"Article 102997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145558760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}