Pub Date : 2025-08-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.08.206
Junyan Wang, Jianxin Deng, Shoufan Rong, Zhihui Zhang, Yichen Bao
This study intergrates experimental and theoretical approaches to explore the effect of bionic microtexture geometry on the tribological performance of hydrophobic surfaces. A theoretical model is established based on the extended Reynolds equation, and hydrophobic sandwich-like coatings with four types of bionic microtextures were fabricated using laser processing and electrohydrodynamic jet (EHDA) method. The mechanical durability and friction-wear characteristics of different samples were systematically investigated. The numerical results showed that the continuous dimple textured surface deposited with coatings (CTS-1) exhibited the largest slip velocity and the lowest friction. Sample CTS-2 exhibited best load bearing capacity with maximum surface pressure. Experimental results were consistent with the theoretical model, sample CTS-1 exhibited the lowest friction coefficient and CTS-2 had the best anti-wear performance. Compared with PS sample, the average friction coefficient of CTS-1 was reduced by 14.05 % and the wear rate of CTS-3 decreased by 19.66 %. This can be attributed to the improved slip effect of CTS-1 and higher load bearing capacity and lower cavitation of lubrication film on CTS-2. Furthermore, sample CTS-1 exhibited outstanding properties in durability tests and long-term sliding experiments, confirming the effective role of the continuous hexagonal dimple microtextures in protecting the hydrophobic nanocoatings during abrasion.
{"title":"Effect of bionic microtexture geometry on the tribological performance of hydrophobic surfaces","authors":"Junyan Wang, Jianxin Deng, Shoufan Rong, Zhihui Zhang, Yichen Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.08.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.08.206","url":null,"abstract":"This study intergrates experimental and theoretical approaches to explore the effect of bionic microtexture geometry on the tribological performance of hydrophobic surfaces. A theoretical model is established based on the extended Reynolds equation, and hydrophobic sandwich-like coatings with four types of bionic microtextures were fabricated using laser processing and electrohydrodynamic jet (EHDA) method. The mechanical durability and friction-wear characteristics of different samples were systematically investigated. The numerical results showed that the continuous dimple textured surface deposited with coatings (CTS-1) exhibited the largest slip velocity and the lowest friction. Sample CTS-2 exhibited best load bearing capacity with maximum surface pressure. Experimental results were consistent with the theoretical model, sample CTS-1 exhibited the lowest friction coefficient and CTS-2 had the best anti-wear performance. Compared with PS sample, the average friction coefficient of CTS-1 was reduced by 14.05 % and the wear rate of CTS-3 decreased by 19.66 %. This can be attributed to the improved slip effect of CTS-1 and higher load bearing capacity and lower cavitation of lubrication film on CTS-2. Furthermore, sample CTS-1 exhibited outstanding properties in durability tests and long-term sliding experiments, confirming the effective role of the continuous hexagonal dimple microtextures in protecting the hydrophobic nanocoatings during abrasion.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"38 1","pages":"4234-4247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to develop mechanically biomimetic sodium aluminosilicate-based polymer-infiltrated ceramic networks (sa-PICNs) for abutment protection. Three sa-PICNs with varying ceramic framework porosities were fabricated by varying pressures (250‒300 MPa) and sintering temperatures (800 ºC‒850 ºC). Mechanical properties were assessed using Vickers hardness and three-point bending tests. The corresponding stress distribution and transmission path were analyzed using digital image correlation (DIC). Based on the obtained data, coarse-graining modeling were performed to further predict the mechanical behavior of nine sa-PICN models with porosities ranging from 10% to 51%. sa-PICNs with 25% (L group), 38% (M group), and 51% (H group) framework porosity were prepared. The L and M group exhibited Young’s modulus of 24.06 GPa and 17.98 GPa, respectively, similar to that of natural dentin. Vickers hardness of the L group (406.59 HV) was comparable to natural enamel (409.02 HV). The bending deformation was increased by at least 1.4 times after resin infiltration. Coarse-grained simulations revealed widespread cracking occurred with 10%‒15% porosity and enhanced crack resistance at 15%‒40% porosity. However, at 40%‒51% porosity, crack energy mainly dissipated through single large cracks. Predicted Young’s moduli modulus and fracture loads for 20% and 30% sa-PICNs were 29.16 GPa and 196.31 MPa, and 26.38 GPa and 174.63 MPa, respectively. sa-PICN with 20%‒30% ceramic framework porosity demonstrated biomimetic mechanical performance and improved crack resistance, suggesting their suitability for prosthodontic applications. Biomimetic materials can disperse occlusal stresses and provide enhanced protection for abutments in dentistry.
{"title":"Preparation and fracture mechanism study of graded mechanics bionic resin-ceramic composites in prosthetic dentistry","authors":"Shihua Huang, Mingyang Chen, Yichen Xu, Zhou Zhu, Jian Wang, Xibo Pei, Senlin Chen, Ruyi Li, Qianbing Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.05.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to develop mechanically biomimetic sodium aluminosilicate-based polymer-infiltrated ceramic networks (sa-PICNs) for abutment protection. Three sa-PICNs with varying ceramic framework porosities were fabricated by varying pressures (250‒300 MPa) and sintering temperatures (800 ºC‒850 ºC). Mechanical properties were assessed using Vickers hardness and three-point bending tests. The corresponding stress distribution and transmission path were analyzed using digital image correlation (DIC). Based on the obtained data, coarse-graining modeling were performed to further predict the mechanical behavior of nine sa-PICN models with porosities ranging from 10% to 51%. sa-PICNs with 25% (L group), 38% (M group), and 51% (H group) framework porosity were prepared. The L and M group exhibited Young’s modulus of 24.06 GPa and 17.98 GPa, respectively, similar to that of natural dentin. Vickers hardness of the L group (406.59 HV) was comparable to natural enamel (409.02 HV). The bending deformation was increased by at least 1.4 times after resin infiltration. Coarse-grained simulations revealed widespread cracking occurred with 10%‒15% porosity and enhanced crack resistance at 15%‒40% porosity. However, at 40%‒51% porosity, crack energy mainly dissipated through single large cracks. Predicted Young’s moduli modulus and fracture loads for 20% and 30% sa-PICNs were 29.16 GPa and 196.31 MPa, and 26.38 GPa and 174.63 MPa, respectively. sa-PICN with 20%‒30% ceramic framework porosity demonstrated biomimetic mechanical performance and improved crack resistance, suggesting their suitability for prosthodontic applications. Biomimetic materials can disperse occlusal stresses and provide enhanced protection for abutments in dentistry.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"7579-7588"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147330938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.05.161
Yi Hui, Jiacan Lin, Yi Ding, Qifang Ren, Ranran Chen
This study employs Ca(OH) 2 (CH) as an alkaline regulator to adjust the pH of β-hemihydrate gypsum (β-HH), and L-aspartic acid (LA) as a retarder. The effects of LA on the hydration performance of β-HH under different alkaline conditions were investigated. Results indicate that at pH 6.82, with 0.5% LA added, the initial setting time of β-HH is 57 min and the final setting time is 110 min. At pH 11.03, with 0.5% LA added, the initial setting time extends to 166 min and the final setting time to 450 min. Characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), TAM-Air isothermal calorimetry, and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, confirmed that in an alkaline environment, LA significantly inhibits the dissolution of β-HH, thereby suppressing the crystallization of dihydrate gypsum (DH). Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed that LA selectively adsorbs onto the (1 2 0) surface of DH crystals. The adsorption mechanism involves electrostatic interactions between the charged functional groups of LA and calcium ions on the gypsum surface, as well as hydrogen bonding between the additional carboxyl and amino groups of LA and water molecules.
{"title":"Effect of aspartic acid on the hydration process and setting performance of hemihydrate gypsum under alkaline conditions","authors":"Yi Hui, Jiacan Lin, Yi Ding, Qifang Ren, Ranran Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.05.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.05.161","url":null,"abstract":"This study employs Ca(OH) 2 (CH) as an alkaline regulator to adjust the pH of β-hemihydrate gypsum (β-HH), and L-aspartic acid (LA) as a retarder. The effects of LA on the hydration performance of β-HH under different alkaline conditions were investigated. Results indicate that at pH 6.82, with 0.5% LA added, the initial setting time of β-HH is 57 min and the final setting time is 110 min. At pH 11.03, with 0.5% LA added, the initial setting time extends to 166 min and the final setting time to 450 min. Characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), TAM-Air isothermal calorimetry, and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, confirmed that in an alkaline environment, LA significantly inhibits the dissolution of β-HH, thereby suppressing the crystallization of dihydrate gypsum (DH). Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed that LA selectively adsorbs onto the (1 2 0) surface of DH crystals. The adsorption mechanism involves electrostatic interactions between the charged functional groups of LA and calcium ions on the gypsum surface, as well as hydrogen bonding between the additional carboxyl and amino groups of LA and water molecules.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"9629-9640"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147332686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.04.219
Runfeng Wang, Ao Huang, Huazhi Gu, Lu Gan, Yongshun Zou, Shenghao Li
A MgO-based fused high-zirconia-coated (MgO/FHZC) refractory composite was developed for low-carbon long-life refractory linings in high-temperature industrial furnaces. The MgO/FHZC refractory composite was prepared by electroforming. The interface of the MgO/FHZC refractory composite is tightly bonded with no obvious layered interfaces. Some of the Mg 2+ entered the Zr 4+ lattice to form a c-Zr 0.86 Mg 0.14 O 1.86 substitutional solid solution. The interfacial bonding strength is enhanced by the precipitation of spherical MgO grains at the grain boundaries and pores. The oxygen vacancies generated through the dissolution of Mg 2+ in the ZrO 2 lattice resulted in the formation of micron-sized pores at high temperatures. These pores improve the thermal shock resistance of the composite and reduce its thermal conductivity. The MgO/FHZC refractory composite has excellent corrosion resistance because of its non-reactivity with liquid glass and CaO–Al 2 O 3 -based slag with higher Al 2 O 3 content in the range of 25 wt% to 40 wt%. It therefore has broad application prospects in high-temperature industrial processes such as glass and steel production.
{"title":"Characterization and interfacial reinforcement mechanism of MgO/FHZC refractory composite","authors":"Runfeng Wang, Ao Huang, Huazhi Gu, Lu Gan, Yongshun Zou, Shenghao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.04.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.04.219","url":null,"abstract":"A MgO-based fused high-zirconia-coated (MgO/FHZC) refractory composite was developed for low-carbon long-life refractory linings in high-temperature industrial furnaces. The MgO/FHZC refractory composite was prepared by electroforming. The interface of the MgO/FHZC refractory composite is tightly bonded with no obvious layered interfaces. Some of the Mg 2+ entered the Zr 4+ lattice to form a c-Zr 0.86 Mg 0.14 O 1.86 substitutional solid solution. The interfacial bonding strength is enhanced by the precipitation of spherical MgO grains at the grain boundaries and pores. The oxygen vacancies generated through the dissolution of Mg 2+ in the ZrO 2 lattice resulted in the formation of micron-sized pores at high temperatures. These pores improve the thermal shock resistance of the composite and reduce its thermal conductivity. The MgO/FHZC refractory composite has excellent corrosion resistance because of its non-reactivity with liquid glass and CaO–Al 2 O 3 -based slag with higher Al 2 O 3 content in the range of 25 wt% to 40 wt%. It therefore has broad application prospects in high-temperature industrial processes such as glass and steel production.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"5406-5413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147332479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.007
Feng Zhao, Xinyu Cui, Tianying Xiong, Jiqiang Wang
{"title":"Promoting direct formation of a single α-Al2O3 scale on a silicon-aluminizing coating on TiAl alloys by a novel fluorination method","authors":"Feng Zhao, Xinyu Cui, Tianying Xiong, Jiqiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"35 1","pages":"6211-6225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147330712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.033
Seung-Chang Han, Yoon-Sun Lee, Ho-Jin Lee, Minki Kim, Tea-Sung Jun
This study investigates the microstructure and mechanical properties of wear-resistant hardfacing structures fabricated on an AISI 1045 carbon steel substrate using a specially designed Fe–Cr based powder for directed energy deposition (DED). Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis reveals that the texture predominantly consists of cube rotated {001}<110> and cube {001}<110> textures, in addition to weaker Brass {112}<111> texture components. These textures contribute to the random orientations of martensitic grains and facilitate the tracing of austenite reconstruction. Notably, the as-printed samples exhibited superior yield strength (999.4 ± 86.3 MPa) and ductility (9.6 ± 2.6%) along the build direction (BD), compared to conventional samples, which demonstrated a tensile strength of 790 MPa and ductility of 2%. This improvement is primarily attributed to the hardening effects associated with a low volume fraction of retained austenite and the precipitation of Cr carbides. Comprehensive mechanical response, nanoindentation hardness profile across the interface, and microstructural analyses were conducted to confirm the feasibility of using a Fe-based hardfacing alloy for DED. The findings underscore the outstanding balance of strength and ductility exhibited by as-printed hardfacing alloy, further enhanced by its high printability, highlighting its potential in producing wear-resistant structures for repair applications.
{"title":"Revealing the microstructural evolution and mechanical response of repaired Fe–Cr–Si based alloy by directed energy deposition","authors":"Seung-Chang Han, Yoon-Sun Lee, Ho-Jin Lee, Minki Kim, Tea-Sung Jun","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.033","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the microstructure and mechanical properties of wear-resistant hardfacing structures fabricated on an AISI 1045 carbon steel substrate using a specially designed Fe–Cr based powder for directed energy deposition (DED). Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis reveals that the texture predominantly consists of cube rotated {001}<110> and cube {001}<110> textures, in addition to weaker Brass {112}<111> texture components. These textures contribute to the random orientations of martensitic grains and facilitate the tracing of austenite reconstruction. Notably, the as-printed samples exhibited superior yield strength (999.4 ± 86.3 MPa) and ductility (9.6 ± 2.6%) along the build direction (BD), compared to conventional samples, which demonstrated a tensile strength of 790 MPa and ductility of 2%. This improvement is primarily attributed to the hardening effects associated with a low volume fraction of retained austenite and the precipitation of Cr carbides. Comprehensive mechanical response, nanoindentation hardness profile across the interface, and microstructural analyses were conducted to confirm the feasibility of using a Fe-based hardfacing alloy for DED. The findings underscore the outstanding balance of strength and ductility exhibited by as-printed hardfacing alloy, further enhanced by its high printability, highlighting its potential in producing wear-resistant structures for repair applications.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.032
Shouling Ding, Bin Zou, Qingyang Liu, Xinfeng Wang, Jikai Liu, Lei Li
Non-planar additive manufacturing (AM) demonstrates great potential in enhancing interlayer bonding force and surface smoothness of parts, offering a more flexible design and manufacturing approach for continuous fiber composites to fully exploit material capabilities. This study developed a three-axis printer utilizing an adjustable fiber printing head that can achieve non-planar slicing (NPS) AM of pre-impregnated continuous fibers. The research delves into the influence of deposition inclined angle on the surface roughness of printed samples, enabling the design and printing of NPS samples using continuous carbon fiber (CF), glass fiber (GF), and hybrid fiber composites. The investigation also assesses bending failure morphologies of the printed parts and validates the efficacy of the NPS method through the fabrication of the double-sinusoidal curved surface structure and spherical surface grid structure. The results indicated that maintaining a deposition inclined angle below 15° is crucial to ensure surface accuracy in continuous fiber printed parts. Curved surface bending samples printed with NPS method exhibit substantial enhancements in bending performance and surface accuracy compared to those produced using planar slicing (PS). The NPS-CF sample achieves a remarkable increase of over 170% in maximum bending force and a 63% reduction in surface roughness compared to the PS-CF sample.
{"title":"Non-planar additive manufacturing of pre-impregnated continuous fiber reinforced composites using a three-axis printer","authors":"Shouling Ding, Bin Zou, Qingyang Liu, Xinfeng Wang, Jikai Liu, Lei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.032","url":null,"abstract":"Non-planar additive manufacturing (AM) demonstrates great potential in enhancing interlayer bonding force and surface smoothness of parts, offering a more flexible design and manufacturing approach for continuous fiber composites to fully exploit material capabilities. This study developed a three-axis printer utilizing an adjustable fiber printing head that can achieve non-planar slicing (NPS) AM of pre-impregnated continuous fibers. The research delves into the influence of deposition inclined angle on the surface roughness of printed samples, enabling the design and printing of NPS samples using continuous carbon fiber (CF), glass fiber (GF), and hybrid fiber composites. The investigation also assesses bending failure morphologies of the printed parts and validates the efficacy of the NPS method through the fabrication of the double-sinusoidal curved surface structure and spherical surface grid structure. The results indicated that maintaining a deposition inclined angle below 15° is crucial to ensure surface accuracy in continuous fiber printed parts. Curved surface bending samples printed with NPS method exhibit substantial enhancements in bending performance and surface accuracy compared to those produced using planar slicing (PS). The NPS-CF sample achieves a remarkable increase of over 170% in maximum bending force and a 63% reduction in surface roughness compared to the PS-CF sample.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The weld cladding on the inner surface of nuclear pressure vessels due to irradiation damage and thermal effect presents to a safety issue. Unfortunately, the effect of irradiation and long-term thermal treatment on the austenitic microstructure and austenitic hardening in austenitic stainless steel weld metals (ASSWMs) remains poorly understood. In this study, the effects of irradiation and thermal treatment on the austenitic microstructures and austenitic hardening of 308L ASSWMs were investigated using nanoindentation, atom probe tomography and transmission electron microscopy. The results suggested that irradiation resulted in the formation of Ni/Si-rich clusters, voids, and Frank loops in austenite, thereby inducing austenitic hardening. Subsequently, thermal treatment decreased the size and the number of Frank loops in irradiated austenite, which had a minor effect on austenitic hardening. However, thermal treatment promoted the growth of Ni/Si-rich clusters and void formation, which have a primary effect on austenitic hardening, thereby enhancing the hardening of irradiated austenite. Furthermore, thermal treatment has little effect on the microstructure and hardening of austenite. Then, irradiation promoted the formation of Ni/Si-rich clusters, voids, and Frank loops in thermally treated austenite, resulting in austenitic hardening. The interaction of irradiation and thermal treatment can promote the formation of voids. The austenitic hardening was mainly due to the contribution of Frank loops, voids, and Ni/Si-rich clusters, which acted as short-range barriers by pin-moving dislocations.
{"title":"Clarifying the effect of irradiation and thermal treatment on the austenitic microstructure and austenitic hardening in austenitic stainless steel weld metal","authors":"Xiaodong Gao, Xiaodong Lin, Lining Xu, Yaolei Han, Qunjia Peng, Lijie Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.08.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.08.196","url":null,"abstract":"The weld cladding on the inner surface of nuclear pressure vessels due to irradiation damage and thermal effect presents to a safety issue. Unfortunately, the effect of irradiation and long-term thermal treatment on the austenitic microstructure and austenitic hardening in austenitic stainless steel weld metals (ASSWMs) remains poorly understood. In this study, the effects of irradiation and thermal treatment on the austenitic microstructures and austenitic hardening of 308L ASSWMs were investigated using nanoindentation, atom probe tomography and transmission electron microscopy. The results suggested that irradiation resulted in the formation of Ni/Si-rich clusters, voids, and Frank loops in austenite, thereby inducing austenitic hardening. Subsequently, thermal treatment decreased the size and the number of Frank loops in irradiated austenite, which had a minor effect on austenitic hardening. However, thermal treatment promoted the growth of Ni/Si-rich clusters and void formation, which have a primary effect on austenitic hardening, thereby enhancing the hardening of irradiated austenite. Furthermore, thermal treatment has little effect on the microstructure and hardening of austenite. Then, irradiation promoted the formation of Ni/Si-rich clusters, voids, and Frank loops in thermally treated austenite, resulting in austenitic hardening. The interaction of irradiation and thermal treatment can promote the formation of voids. The austenitic hardening was mainly due to the contribution of Frank loops, voids, and Ni/Si-rich clusters, which acted as short-range barriers by pin-moving dislocations.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.025
Heng Zou, Yi Sun, Mengxiong Chen, Yuan Jiang, Yang Fu, Huiwen Xiong, Lei Zhang, Kechao Zhou
Metal injection molding of aluminium alloy (MIM-Al) attracts attention, owing to the lightweight, corrosion resistance and good thermal conductivity. However, it is hard to fabricate high-quality MIM-Al due to the hard-to-sinter powder and poor mechanical properties. Here, we report a facile compression molding process for fabricating high-density 7075Al alloy parts using polyformaldehyde (POM)-based feedstock. Pressureless sintering with a high nitrogen flow rate was adopted to promote sintering densification process. The wetting behavior, rheological properties, and morphology of the feedstock were characterized, showcasing the shear-thinning behavior and suitable viscosity for POM-PP-SA binder. Through controlling the compact pressure, mold temperature and holding time, green gear part with good shape retention and dense microstructure was achieved. Influence of process factors and sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 7075Al alloy are investigated. Remarkably, the aluminum alloy components sintered at 610 °C exhibited excellent performance, with a relative density reaching 97.6 % and a tensile strength of 214.8 MPa. This achievement provides a foundation for the industrial application of complex-shaped aluminum alloy components through the compression molding process.
{"title":"Microstructure and mechanical property of high-density 7075 Al alloy by compression molding of POM-based feedstock","authors":"Heng Zou, Yi Sun, Mengxiong Chen, Yuan Jiang, Yang Fu, Huiwen Xiong, Lei Zhang, Kechao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.025","url":null,"abstract":"Metal injection molding of aluminium alloy (MIM-Al) attracts attention, owing to the lightweight, corrosion resistance and good thermal conductivity. However, it is hard to fabricate high-quality MIM-Al due to the hard-to-sinter powder and poor mechanical properties. Here, we report a facile compression molding process for fabricating high-density 7075Al alloy parts using polyformaldehyde (POM)-based feedstock. Pressureless sintering with a high nitrogen flow rate was adopted to promote sintering densification process. The wetting behavior, rheological properties, and morphology of the feedstock were characterized, showcasing the shear-thinning behavior and suitable viscosity for POM-PP-SA binder. Through controlling the compact pressure, mold temperature and holding time, green gear part with good shape retention and dense microstructure was achieved. Influence of process factors and sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 7075Al alloy are investigated. Remarkably, the aluminum alloy components sintered at 610 °C exhibited excellent performance, with a relative density reaching 97.6 % and a tensile strength of 214.8 MPa. This achievement provides a foundation for the industrial application of complex-shaped aluminum alloy components through the compression molding process.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.021
Ning Xu, Lingyu Wang, Jun Hu, Zhigang Jia, Weilin Xue, Wei Xu
Different initial microstructures significantly influence the final microstructures and mechanical properties of the intercritically annealed quenching and partitioning steels. Previous studies have primarily focused on the mechanism for the inheritance of different initial microstructures into the final microstructures, which affects the phase fraction and mechanical properties. However, these studies have overlooked the existence of an inheritance window in the intercritical annealing process. In this study, we investigated the inheritance window and explored the impact of varying initial microstructures on the reverse transformation of austenite, final phase fraction, and mechanical properties. Our findings reveal that the varying initial microstructure exhibits minimal influence on the final microstructure and mechanical properties for short or long annealing times. However, for the intercritical annealing treatment for 60 s, the initial microstructure of martensite with more nucleation sites accelerated the austenite reverse transformation fraction, enhanced the reverse-transformed austenite content, increased the primary martensite content, and improved the yield strength. Conversely, the coil-cooled sample, with initial microstructures consisting of ferrite and pearlite without dissoluble Mn-rich cementites, reduced the austenite reverse transformation rate, decreased the reverse-transformed austenite content, enhanced the ferrite and RA content, and improved ductility.
不同的初始微观结构会对中间退火淬火和分区钢的最终微观结构和机械性能产生重大影响。以往的研究主要关注不同初始微观结构继承到最终微观结构的机制，这种机制会影响相分数和机械性能。然而，这些研究忽略了临界退火过程中存在的继承窗口。在本研究中，我们研究了继承窗口，并探讨了不同初始微观结构对奥氏体反向转变、最终相分数和机械性能的影响。我们的研究结果表明，无论退火时间长短，不同的初始微观结构对最终微观结构和机械性能的影响都很小。然而，在 60 秒的临界退火处理中，具有更多成核位点的马氏体初始微观结构加快了奥氏体反向转变分数，提高了反向转变奥氏体含量，增加了原始马氏体含量，并改善了屈服强度。相反，线圈冷却样品的初始微观结构由铁素体和波来石组成，不含可溶性富锰胶结物，降低了奥氏体反向转变率，减少了反向转变奥氏体含量，提高了铁素体和 RA 含量，并改善了延展性。
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