Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.023
Madeleing Taborda Barraza, Luis Urbano Durlo Tambara Junior, Jonas Alexandre, Gustavo de Castro Xavier, Juliane Castro Carneiro, Luiz Gustavo Cruz Henrique da Silva, Afonso R.G.de Azevedo
Port operation activities have been expanding globally, driven by globalization and increased cargo handling. Developing countries, such as Brazil, China, and India, are experiencing a rise in the construction of modern ports. Recently, sustainability concepts have been integrated into maritime transportation, focusing on the construction and management of ports and exploring the reuse of waste generated during operations. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the potential application of the dredging material of port of açu (DMPA), sourced from a new private port in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, in developing sustainable construction materials. The dredged material, collected from the bottom of the shipping canal was physically, chemically, and morphologically characterized to compare its results with the processing and application requirements for alternative materials. A standard method for primary processing was developed, providing deeper insights into the material’s condition. Results indicate that the natural dredged material can be utilized as a filler in interlocking blocks or mortar. Additionally, an alternative processing route involving calcination can enhance the material's reactivity, presenting opportunities for higher-value applications, although the energy costs must be considered. The calcination of 650 °C resulted in a higher pozzolanic index, increasing its reactivity. The study concludes that port dredging waste from this case study has significant potential for use in sustainable building material development.
{"title":"Characterization of port dredging waste for potential used as incorporation on materials for civil construction: A case study in Brazil","authors":"Madeleing Taborda Barraza, Luis Urbano Durlo Tambara Junior, Jonas Alexandre, Gustavo de Castro Xavier, Juliane Castro Carneiro, Luiz Gustavo Cruz Henrique da Silva, Afonso R.G.de Azevedo","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.023","url":null,"abstract":"Port operation activities have been expanding globally, driven by globalization and increased cargo handling. Developing countries, such as Brazil, China, and India, are experiencing a rise in the construction of modern ports. Recently, sustainability concepts have been integrated into maritime transportation, focusing on the construction and management of ports and exploring the reuse of waste generated during operations. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the potential application of the dredging material of port of açu (DMPA), sourced from a new private port in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, in developing sustainable construction materials. The dredged material, collected from the bottom of the shipping canal was physically, chemically, and morphologically characterized to compare its results with the processing and application requirements for alternative materials. A standard method for primary processing was developed, providing deeper insights into the material’s condition. Results indicate that the natural dredged material can be utilized as a filler in interlocking blocks or mortar. Additionally, an alternative processing route involving calcination can enhance the material's reactivity, presenting opportunities for higher-value applications, although the energy costs must be considered. The calcination of 650 °C resulted in a higher pozzolanic index, increasing its reactivity. The study concludes that port dredging waste from this case study has significant potential for use in sustainable building material development.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Magnesium (Mg)-based amorphous alloys hold significant potential for applications in the automotive, aerospace, and biomedical industries. However, they are limited by their smaller size compared to other amorphous alloys. A higher reduced glass transition temperature () is associated with larger sizes in Mg-based amorphous alloys. Yet, due to the vast chemical space involved, designing Mg-based amorphous alloys with higher using traditional ‘trial and error’ method is a challenging endeavor. In this work, we developed a property-driven active learning strategy to customize Mg-based amorphous alloys with enhanced . After just two iterations, we successfully tailored four amorphous alloys with high values. Under identical experimental conditions, two of these alloys exhibited values surpassing that of MgAgCuGd, the alloy with best value in the reported references. SHAP analysis revealed that tends to be higher when the Ag atomic ratio exceeds 0.045, the Cu atomic ratio is below 0.18, the Ni atomic ratio is below 0.025, and the Mg atomic ratio is below 0.665. Our work offers a reliable strategy for designing Mg-based amorphous alloys with higher and provides valuable insights for the rational design of these alloys.
{"title":"Accelerated discovery of Magnesium-based amorphous alloys through a property-driven active learning strategy","authors":"Weibin Ma, Bingyao Liu, Tian Lu, Wencong Lu, Chang Ren, Leikai Xing, Minjie Li, Kang Sun, Aimin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"Magnesium (Mg)-based amorphous alloys hold significant potential for applications in the automotive, aerospace, and biomedical industries. However, they are limited by their smaller size compared to other amorphous alloys. A higher reduced glass transition temperature () is associated with larger sizes in Mg-based amorphous alloys. Yet, due to the vast chemical space involved, designing Mg-based amorphous alloys with higher using traditional ‘trial and error’ method is a challenging endeavor. In this work, we developed a property-driven active learning strategy to customize Mg-based amorphous alloys with enhanced . After just two iterations, we successfully tailored four amorphous alloys with high values. Under identical experimental conditions, two of these alloys exhibited values surpassing that of MgAgCuGd, the alloy with best value in the reported references. SHAP analysis revealed that tends to be higher when the Ag atomic ratio exceeds 0.045, the Cu atomic ratio is below 0.18, the Ni atomic ratio is below 0.025, and the Mg atomic ratio is below 0.665. Our work offers a reliable strategy for designing Mg-based amorphous alloys with higher and provides valuable insights for the rational design of these alloys.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.028
Qiang Tian, Wenwen Zhang, Jinhui Du, Tonggang Lu, Yunlong Liu, Xingang Liu, Hucheng Li, Kaiyao Wang
This work systematically investigated the coarsening, dissolution, and morphological evolution behavior of γ′ precipitates in GH4742 superalloy through carefully designed heat treatment experiments. During long-term aging processes at 650 °C, 750 °C, and 850 °C, the coarsening model of γ′ precipitates followed the classic function of vs. , consistent with the classical Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner (LSW) coarsening model (diffusion-controlled). Due to higher diffusion coefficients of γ′ forming elements at higher temperatures, the coarsening rate increased with aging temperature. The dynamical models for the dissolution of primary γ′ precipitates were established during sub-solvus (1080 °C) and super-solvus (1120 °C) heat treatment processes. The results indicated rapid dissolution of primary γ′ precipitates in the initial stages of solution heat treatment, with the dissolution rate gradually decreasing as the treatment time extended, approaching the γ′ precipitate size at thermodynamic equilibrium. During subsequent slow cooling at 14 °C/min after super-solvus (1120 °C) heat treatment, irregular-shaped γ′ precipitates formed through “aggregation” of adjacent γ′ precipitates, followed by “splitting” into smaller γ′ precipitates during growing up. Conversely, during subsequent slow cooling at 14 °C/min after sub-solvus (1080 °C) heat treatment, irregular-shaped γ′ precipitates were mainly controlled by unstable growth and “splitting” of cubic-shaped γ′ precipitates. For individual γ′ precipitates, the portion undergoing unstable growth (protrusions) did not undergo further splitting.
{"title":"Growth and dissolution behavior and morphology evolution of γ′ precipitates in GH4742 nickel-based superalloy","authors":"Qiang Tian, Wenwen Zhang, Jinhui Du, Tonggang Lu, Yunlong Liu, Xingang Liu, Hucheng Li, Kaiyao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.028","url":null,"abstract":"This work systematically investigated the coarsening, dissolution, and morphological evolution behavior of γ′ precipitates in GH4742 superalloy through carefully designed heat treatment experiments. During long-term aging processes at 650 °C, 750 °C, and 850 °C, the coarsening model of γ′ precipitates followed the classic function of vs. , consistent with the classical Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner (LSW) coarsening model (diffusion-controlled). Due to higher diffusion coefficients of γ′ forming elements at higher temperatures, the coarsening rate increased with aging temperature. The dynamical models for the dissolution of primary γ′ precipitates were established during sub-solvus (1080 °C) and super-solvus (1120 °C) heat treatment processes. The results indicated rapid dissolution of primary γ′ precipitates in the initial stages of solution heat treatment, with the dissolution rate gradually decreasing as the treatment time extended, approaching the γ′ precipitate size at thermodynamic equilibrium. During subsequent slow cooling at 14 °C/min after super-solvus (1120 °C) heat treatment, irregular-shaped γ′ precipitates formed through “aggregation” of adjacent γ′ precipitates, followed by “splitting” into smaller γ′ precipitates during growing up. Conversely, during subsequent slow cooling at 14 °C/min after sub-solvus (1080 °C) heat treatment, irregular-shaped γ′ precipitates were mainly controlled by unstable growth and “splitting” of cubic-shaped γ′ precipitates. For individual γ′ precipitates, the portion undergoing unstable growth (protrusions) did not undergo further splitting.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.031
Ce Zhang, Xiangyang Liu, Langping Zhu, Xin Liu, Xianfei Ding, Rui Liu, Xin Lu
Repairing defects in titanium alloy components is economically justified due to their high cost. In this work, Ti–6Al–4V samples with large area hole defects are repaired by transient liquid-phase sintering. The microstructure and tensile properties after repair have been investigated. The factors of different base powder morphology and the ratio of braze metal are also studied. The results show that by using spherical Ti64 alloy powder with 40 wt% TiZrCuNi braze alloy powder, an overall repair effect with high-density repair zone and good interface combination can be obtained at 960 °C for 3 h. The tensile strength of the as-repaired exceeds that of the matrix, but the elongation is lower than that of the matrix. Finally, the repair experiment conducted at various angles demonstrates this technique's strong practical feasibility.
由于钛合金部件的成本较高，对其缺陷进行修复在经济上是合理的。在这项工作中，通过瞬态液相烧结修复了具有大面积孔洞缺陷的 Ti-6Al-4V 样品。研究了修复后的微观结构和拉伸性能。同时还研究了不同基体粉末形态和钎焊金属比例的因素。结果表明，通过使用球形 Ti64 合金粉末与 40 wt% TiZrCuNi 钎焊合金粉末，在 960 °C 3 h 的条件下可获得具有高密度修复区和良好界面结合的整体修复效果，修复后的拉伸强度超过基体，但伸长率低于基体。最后，在不同角度进行的修复实验证明了该技术具有很强的实用性。
{"title":"Microstructure and tensile properties of transient liquid phase (TLP) sintering repaired Ti–6Al–4V alloys with large area hole defect","authors":"Ce Zhang, Xiangyang Liu, Langping Zhu, Xin Liu, Xianfei Ding, Rui Liu, Xin Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.031","url":null,"abstract":"Repairing defects in titanium alloy components is economically justified due to their high cost. In this work, Ti–6Al–4V samples with large area hole defects are repaired by transient liquid-phase sintering. The microstructure and tensile properties after repair have been investigated. The factors of different base powder morphology and the ratio of braze metal are also studied. The results show that by using spherical Ti64 alloy powder with 40 wt% TiZrCuNi braze alloy powder, an overall repair effect with high-density repair zone and good interface combination can be obtained at 960 °C for 3 h. The tensile strength of the as-repaired exceeds that of the matrix, but the elongation is lower than that of the matrix. Finally, the repair experiment conducted at various angles demonstrates this technique's strong practical feasibility.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The immiscible and non-reactive Fe/Mg (304SS/AZ31B) dissimilar metals were butt joined by MIG-TIG double-sided arc welding-brazing (DSAWB) with AZ31 magnesium alloy welding wire. The brazing interface was metallurgically joined through the mutual diffusion of elements (Al, Fe and Mg) with the formation of α-Fe(Mg, Al) solid solution and FeAl intermetallic compound (IMC) at the interface. The joint tensile strength reached a maximum value of 235 MPa, which was 93.98 % of the base metal-Mg alloy. The joint tensile strength was influenced by the combination of joint forming and interface strength, with the latter being the main contributing factor. When the welding heat input was low, increasing the heat input by adjusting the welding parameters were advantageous for the wetting and spreading of liquid metal on the steel base material, ultimately improving the joint forming. The diffusion of elements in the brazing interface area was enhanced, resulting in improved interface strength when the diffusion distance of elements was maintained within the range of 1 μm–2.6 μm. The tensile strength remained high due to the excellent joint forming and interface strength. As the welding heat input continued to increase, excessive molten metal in the weld seam caused uneven joint forming, particularly on the back side. The diffusion of elements in the brazing interface area led to an increase in the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds, resulting in a decrease in interface strength. The overall tensile strength decreased due to the combined effect of both factors.
{"title":"Regulation of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the immiscible Fe/Mg dissimilar metal joints using MIG-TIG double-sided arc welding-brazing","authors":"Sihua Liu, Shiming Huang, Zhi Cheng, Jihua Huang, Jing Wen, Chunhuan Chen, Ruiming Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"The immiscible and non-reactive Fe/Mg (304SS/AZ31B) dissimilar metals were butt joined by MIG-TIG double-sided arc welding-brazing (DSAWB) with AZ31 magnesium alloy welding wire. The brazing interface was metallurgically joined through the mutual diffusion of elements (Al, Fe and Mg) with the formation of α-Fe(Mg, Al) solid solution and FeAl intermetallic compound (IMC) at the interface. The joint tensile strength reached a maximum value of 235 MPa, which was 93.98 % of the base metal-Mg alloy. The joint tensile strength was influenced by the combination of joint forming and interface strength, with the latter being the main contributing factor. When the welding heat input was low, increasing the heat input by adjusting the welding parameters were advantageous for the wetting and spreading of liquid metal on the steel base material, ultimately improving the joint forming. The diffusion of elements in the brazing interface area was enhanced, resulting in improved interface strength when the diffusion distance of elements was maintained within the range of 1 μm–2.6 μm. The tensile strength remained high due to the excellent joint forming and interface strength. As the welding heat input continued to increase, excessive molten metal in the weld seam caused uneven joint forming, particularly on the back side. The diffusion of elements in the brazing interface area led to an increase in the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds, resulting in a decrease in interface strength. The overall tensile strength decreased due to the combined effect of both factors.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.005
Weiming Li, Zhong Yang, Ping Wang, Lele Liu, Yimeng Wang, Shaoqing Wang, Li Chang, Li Ma
In order to study the effect of isothermal oxidation and cyclic oxidation on the oxide layer growth process of titanium alloys, high-temperature oxidization tests were conducted on TC11（Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si）titanium alloy in air at 650 °C. After 300 h of oxidization, the isothermal oxidation causes the formation of a dense oxide layer, contributing to increased resistance to further oxidization. During cyclic oxidization, the oxide layer exhibits a needle-like feature, containing large pores. The thickness of the oxide layers formed by cyclic oxidation and isothermal oxidation are approximately 8.6 μm and 2.7 μm, respectively. Under specific temperatures and oxidizing times, the isothermal oxidation process is controlled by the diffusion mechanism of oxygen, whereas the cyclic oxidation process is controlled by a combination of the interfacial reaction control and the diffusion mechanism of oxygen. This results in greater diffusion coefficients and faster growth kinetics for cyclic oxidation.
{"title":"Effect of different oxidation modes on the growth of oxide layer of TC11 titanium alloy","authors":"Weiming Li, Zhong Yang, Ping Wang, Lele Liu, Yimeng Wang, Shaoqing Wang, Li Chang, Li Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"In order to study the effect of isothermal oxidation and cyclic oxidation on the oxide layer growth process of titanium alloys, high-temperature oxidization tests were conducted on TC11（Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si）titanium alloy in air at 650 °C. After 300 h of oxidization, the isothermal oxidation causes the formation of a dense oxide layer, contributing to increased resistance to further oxidization. During cyclic oxidization, the oxide layer exhibits a needle-like feature, containing large pores. The thickness of the oxide layers formed by cyclic oxidation and isothermal oxidation are approximately 8.6 μm and 2.7 μm, respectively. Under specific temperatures and oxidizing times, the isothermal oxidation process is controlled by the diffusion mechanism of oxygen, whereas the cyclic oxidation process is controlled by a combination of the interfacial reaction control and the diffusion mechanism of oxygen. This results in greater diffusion coefficients and faster growth kinetics for cyclic oxidation.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study systematically investigates the effects of high-power continuous wave laser (CWL) treatment on the mechanical behavior and failure mechanisms of SM400A steel, comparing these outcomes with those of untreated specimens. The findings reveal that while CWL treatment enhances surface hardness, it has minimal impact on the strength of thick structural steel components. However, excessive laser energy density leads to surface defects and softening of the microstructure, adversely affecting the material's toughness. This results in a reduction in elongation at fracture, transitioning the failure mode from ductile to brittle. The study concludes that to ensure the safe use of laser-treated structures, the laser energy density should be carefully controlled not to exceed 3000 J/cm.
{"title":"Mechanical properties and tensile failure mechanisms of SM400A steel treated by high-power continuous-wave laser","authors":"Qidi Wang, Shigenobu Kainuma, Shusen Zhuang, Kazuhisa Fujita, Xin Ruan","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"This study systematically investigates the effects of high-power continuous wave laser (CWL) treatment on the mechanical behavior and failure mechanisms of SM400A steel, comparing these outcomes with those of untreated specimens. The findings reveal that while CWL treatment enhances surface hardness, it has minimal impact on the strength of thick structural steel components. However, excessive laser energy density leads to surface defects and softening of the microstructure, adversely affecting the material's toughness. This results in a reduction in elongation at fracture, transitioning the failure mode from ductile to brittle. The study concludes that to ensure the safe use of laser-treated structures, the laser energy density should be carefully controlled not to exceed 3000 J/cm.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.017
Muthu Shanmugam Mannan, Changheui Jang
In this decade, the working temperature of the power plants significantly increased to above 700 °C to enhance efficiency. The corrosive species deposits on the hot section components were prone to corrosion damage at elevated temperatures. This study investigates the microstructure and high-temperature corrosion characteristics of the wrought and wire-arc additive manufactured (WAAM) 316L stainless steel in an aggressive molten NaSO + 25% NaCl salt and air environment at 750 °C. The corrosion rate of both wrought and WAAM-built 316L was higher in the molten salt (MS) environment compared to air due to the chloride and sulfate deposits. The wrought 316L was severely prone to corrosion damage with spallation and cracking, which was attributed to the dissolution of the non-protective FeO scale by Cl. The WAAM-built 316L showed the lower oxidation and depth of corrosion attack in both air and MS environments than the wrought steel due to the fine dendrite grains, resulting in the outward diffusion of more Cr. The accelerated degradation occurred on the WAAM and wrought 316L SS in MS condition due to the dissolution of CrO and the faster inward diffusion of Na. The detailed oxide growth, internal corrosion attack, and oxide failure mechanisms of the steels were explored in the air and MS conditions.
在这十年间，发电厂的工作温度大幅提高到 700 °C 以上，以提高效率。高温下，热段部件上的腐蚀性物质沉积容易造成腐蚀破坏。本研究调查了锻造和线弧添加剂制造（WAAM）的 316L 不锈钢在 750 °C 的腐蚀性熔融 NaSO + 25% NaCl 盐和空气环境中的微观结构和高温腐蚀特性。在熔盐 (MS) 环境中，由于氯化物和硫酸盐的沉积，锻造和 WAAM 制造的 316L 不锈钢的腐蚀速率比空气高。锻造的 316L 很容易发生剥落和开裂等腐蚀损坏，这归因于 Cl 溶解了无保护作用的 FeO 鳞片。与锻造钢相比，WAAM 制造的 316L 在空气和 MS 环境中的氧化程度和腐蚀深度都较低，这是因为细枝晶粒导致更多的铬向外扩散。在 MS 条件下，由于氧化铬的溶解和 Na 的快速向内扩散，WAAM 和锻造 316L SS 的降解速度加快。在空气和 MS 条件下，详细探讨了钢的氧化物生长、内部腐蚀侵蚀和氧化物失效机制。
{"title":"High temperature corrosion of wrought and wire arc additively manufactured 316L stainless steel in a simulated boiler environment","authors":"Muthu Shanmugam Mannan, Changheui Jang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"In this decade, the working temperature of the power plants significantly increased to above 700 °C to enhance efficiency. The corrosive species deposits on the hot section components were prone to corrosion damage at elevated temperatures. This study investigates the microstructure and high-temperature corrosion characteristics of the wrought and wire-arc additive manufactured (WAAM) 316L stainless steel in an aggressive molten NaSO + 25% NaCl salt and air environment at 750 °C. The corrosion rate of both wrought and WAAM-built 316L was higher in the molten salt (MS) environment compared to air due to the chloride and sulfate deposits. The wrought 316L was severely prone to corrosion damage with spallation and cracking, which was attributed to the dissolution of the non-protective FeO scale by Cl. The WAAM-built 316L showed the lower oxidation and depth of corrosion attack in both air and MS environments than the wrought steel due to the fine dendrite grains, resulting in the outward diffusion of more Cr. The accelerated degradation occurred on the WAAM and wrought 316L SS in MS condition due to the dissolution of CrO and the faster inward diffusion of Na. The detailed oxide growth, internal corrosion attack, and oxide failure mechanisms of the steels were explored in the air and MS conditions.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.018
Tianze Zhang, Zhaocheng Wei, Xueqin Wang, Xiuru Li, Minjie Wang
An efficient, speedy, multi-grooved (ESMG) mold was designed and manufactured for optimization to address issues such as low heat transfer rate, slow casting speed, and quality defects in traditional continuous casting molds. The flow resistance mechanism of multi-grooved channels with varying parameters was investigated by considering the ESMG geometric model, the convective heat transfer characteristic variation trends were revealed with different channel designs. Considering constraints of the dimensional chain and supply pressure, variation trends and mechanisms of the pressure drop, flow rate loss, and convective heat transfer coefficient of the ESMG mold were explored using multiple channel variables. Based on the numerical model of the ESMG channel, temperature variation trends in the copper mold were verified by comparison with relevant literature data, supporting the convective-heat-transfer model and variation trends of the ESMG mold. A high-efficiency heat-transfer ESMG assembly that casts U71Mn high-carbon large rectangular billets was fabricated, achieving a closed-loop dimensional chain and replacing traditional molds. Experimental validation on the continuous casting machine (CCM) proved directly that redesigning the ESMG mold cooling channel improved heat transfer efficiency and reduced CO emissions. After 504 h on the CCM, the ESMG mold casting speed increased from 1.1 to 1.6 m/min, the heat transfer efficiency was 17.6% higher than that of traditional molds and CO emissions were estimated to decrease by 31.2%. The billets produced by the ESMG mold had no quality defects in shape or surface with the original casting conditions, which provided enhanced support for accelerating continuous casting lines.
{"title":"Multi-grooved channel design in continuous casting mold for enhancing heat transfer efficiency considering pressure drop and flow rate loss","authors":"Tianze Zhang, Zhaocheng Wei, Xueqin Wang, Xiuru Li, Minjie Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"An efficient, speedy, multi-grooved (ESMG) mold was designed and manufactured for optimization to address issues such as low heat transfer rate, slow casting speed, and quality defects in traditional continuous casting molds. The flow resistance mechanism of multi-grooved channels with varying parameters was investigated by considering the ESMG geometric model, the convective heat transfer characteristic variation trends were revealed with different channel designs. Considering constraints of the dimensional chain and supply pressure, variation trends and mechanisms of the pressure drop, flow rate loss, and convective heat transfer coefficient of the ESMG mold were explored using multiple channel variables. Based on the numerical model of the ESMG channel, temperature variation trends in the copper mold were verified by comparison with relevant literature data, supporting the convective-heat-transfer model and variation trends of the ESMG mold. A high-efficiency heat-transfer ESMG assembly that casts U71Mn high-carbon large rectangular billets was fabricated, achieving a closed-loop dimensional chain and replacing traditional molds. Experimental validation on the continuous casting machine (CCM) proved directly that redesigning the ESMG mold cooling channel improved heat transfer efficiency and reduced CO emissions. After 504 h on the CCM, the ESMG mold casting speed increased from 1.1 to 1.6 m/min, the heat transfer efficiency was 17.6% higher than that of traditional molds and CO emissions were estimated to decrease by 31.2%. The billets produced by the ESMG mold had no quality defects in shape or surface with the original casting conditions, which provided enhanced support for accelerating continuous casting lines.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"172 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.010
Huaiyun Cui, Lin Lu, Zhiyong Liu
In this investigation, we explored the corrosion inhibition mechanism of an imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt (IQA) on J55 steel in simulated annulus environment through a series of experiments, including electrochemical testing, stress corrosion immersion experiments, and hydrogen permeation testing. Our findings reveal that IQA functions as a mixed-type inhibitor, exerting its inhibitory action through chemical adsorption. Notably, it exhibits a stronger inhibitory effect on the anodic dissolution reaction compared to the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction. Despite the minor influence of tensile plastic strain on the average inhibition efficiency, it notably exacerbates pitting and initiates stress corrosion cracking. This underscores the limitation of average inhibition efficiency in accurately assessing IQA's efficacy against stress corrosion. Additionally, hydrogen permeation experiments and electrochemical testing demonstrate that plastic strain diminishes IQA's inhibitory effect on the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction, facilitating hydrogen diffusion into the steel substrate and thereby exacerbating stress corrosion in J55 steel. Consequently, at low IQA inhibitor concentrations (as in this study, 12.5 mg L), despite high average inhibition efficiency, it proves ineffective in mitigating stress corrosion.
{"title":"Strain effects on corrosion inhibition in stress corrosion of tubing steel","authors":"Huaiyun Cui, Lin Lu, Zhiyong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"In this investigation, we explored the corrosion inhibition mechanism of an imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt (IQA) on J55 steel in simulated annulus environment through a series of experiments, including electrochemical testing, stress corrosion immersion experiments, and hydrogen permeation testing. Our findings reveal that IQA functions as a mixed-type inhibitor, exerting its inhibitory action through chemical adsorption. Notably, it exhibits a stronger inhibitory effect on the anodic dissolution reaction compared to the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction. Despite the minor influence of tensile plastic strain on the average inhibition efficiency, it notably exacerbates pitting and initiates stress corrosion cracking. This underscores the limitation of average inhibition efficiency in accurately assessing IQA's efficacy against stress corrosion. Additionally, hydrogen permeation experiments and electrochemical testing demonstrate that plastic strain diminishes IQA's inhibitory effect on the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction, facilitating hydrogen diffusion into the steel substrate and thereby exacerbating stress corrosion in J55 steel. Consequently, at low IQA inhibitor concentrations (as in this study, 12.5 mg L), despite high average inhibition efficiency, it proves ineffective in mitigating stress corrosion.","PeriodicalId":501120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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