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Study on the effects of the processing parameters on the single tracks and the block support structures fabricated by selective laser melting 加工参数对选择性激光熔融法制造的单轨和块状支撑结构的影响研究
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.2351/7.0001222
Tao Zhang, Kaifei Zhang, Qi Chen, Yuanzhen Pang
In order to prevent the deformation of the part, enhance heat conduction, and establish a stable foundation, additional support structures are typically incorporated beneath the parts during the selective laser melting (SLM) process. These structures are subsequently eliminated once the SLM process is completed, thereby facilitating the attainment of near-net forming. Therefore, their SLM processing parameters should be different from those of the solid parts to obtain the desirable functions and removability. However, there is so far very little research focusing on the optimization of the SLM processing parameters of the support structures compared with the solid objects. In this work, the widely used block support was illustrated as an instance, and an optimization strategy of its SLM processing parameters was provided. The effects of laser power, scanning speed, and layer thickness on the morphology and qualities of single track, support sample, and support tensile sample were systematically investigated. The results showed that the SLM processing parameters have a significant impact on the properties of the block support by regulating the qualities of the single tracks. At last, a group of optimal SLM processing parameters (80 W of laser power, 400 mm/s of scanning speed, 60 μm of layer thickness) was determined for the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy, and the corresponding ultimate tensile strength of the support structure reached 416 MPa.
为了防止零件变形、加强热传导和建立稳定的基础,在选择性激光熔化(SLM)过程中,通常会在零件下方加入额外的支撑结构。SLM 工艺完成后,这些结构将被消除,从而有助于实现近净成形。因此,这些结构的 SLM 加工参数应不同于实体零件的参数,以获得理想的功能和可拆卸性。然而,与实体相比,迄今为止很少有研究关注支撑结构 SLM 加工参数的优化。在这项工作中,以广泛使用的块状支撑为例,介绍了其 SLM 加工参数的优化策略。系统研究了激光功率、扫描速度和层厚度对单轨、支撑样品和支撑拉伸样品的形态和质量的影响。结果表明,SLM 加工参数通过调节单轨的质量,对块状支撑物的性能有显著影响。最后,针对 Ti-6Al-4V 钛合金确定了一组最佳 SLM 加工参数(激光功率 80 W、扫描速度 400 mm/s、层厚 60 μm),相应的支撑结构极限拉伸强度达到 416 MPa。
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引用次数: 0
Numerical investigations of water jet-guided laser cutting of silicon 水射流引导激光切割硅的数值研究
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.2351/7.0001268
Hui Jiao, Qingyuan Liu, Guanghui Zhang, Ze Lin, Jia Zhou, Yuxing Huang, Yuhong Long
To investigate the interaction mechanism between a laser, water jet, and substrate, a model is developed to simulate the temperature field evolution and removal process during water jet-guided laser (WJGL) cutting of silicon. The model accounted for the temperature-dependent properties of the silicon absorption coefficient, as well as the physical processes of solid-liquid-gas phase change. A three-dimensional finite volume model of WJGL cutting of silicon is created, incorporating laser energy input, water jet impact-cooling, and silicon phase transition and removal. The volume of fluid (VOF) method is employed to trace the interphase interface and obtain the groove shape. The validity of the model is verified by comparing simulation results with experimental data. The simulation results show that the groove cross section is characterized by a “V” shape. The groove depth nonlinearly increases from 52 to 385 μm with an increasing number of cuts. Additionally, the residual temperature of the silicon substrate rises from 837 to 1345 K as the number of scans increases from 1 to 10. The findings offer valuable insights into WJGL cutting research, specifically shedding light on the intricate details of the laser-water jet-substrate interaction mechanism.
为了研究激光、水射流和基片之间的相互作用机制,我们建立了一个模型来模拟水射流制导激光(WJGL)切割硅时的温度场演变和去除过程。该模型考虑了硅吸收系数随温度变化的特性,以及固-液-气相变的物理过程。创建了一个 WJGL 切割硅的三维有限体积模型,其中包括激光能量输入、水射流冲击冷却以及硅的相变和去除。采用流体体积(VOF)方法跟踪相间界面并获得沟槽形状。通过比较模拟结果和实验数据,验证了模型的有效性。模拟结果表明,沟槽横截面呈 "V "形。随着切割次数的增加,沟槽深度从 52 微米非线性地增加到 385 微米。此外,随着扫描次数从 1 次增加到 10 次,硅衬底的残余温度从 837 K 上升到 1345 K。这些发现为 WJGL 切割研究提供了宝贵的见解,特别是揭示了激光-水射流-基底相互作用机制的复杂细节。
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引用次数: 0
Powder degradation as a consequence of laser interaction: A study of SS 316L powder reuse on the laser directed energy deposition process 激光相互作用导致的粉末降解:关于激光定向能沉积工艺中 SS 316L 粉末再利用的研究
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.2351/7.0001093
J. Gutjahr, Milton Pereira, Jurandir Marcos Sá de Sousa, H. S. Ferreira, Anselmo Thiesen Júnior
The feedstock capture efficiency on powder laser directed energy deposition (L-DED) is becoming a big challenge in the industrial use of the L-DED process for the manufacturing of large-scale AM parts. The powder capture efficiency is dependent on process optimization and the toolpath. The current literature presents a vast range of usual powder efficiency, between 3% and 32% and in some specific cases exceeding 90%. In L-DED, the powder-gas jet stream interacts with the laser beam adding material locally onto the substrate. Part of this material is captured by the melt pool. The not captured material that is affected by the laser beam suffers degradation. In the literature, there is a lack of studies related to powder reuse in the L-DED process. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the consequence of laser interaction with SS 316L metal powder particles during the L-DED process using a range of different powder characterization techniques to assess the powder morphology, size distribution, chemical composition, followability, and density. The study was conducted within eight powder reuse cycles, without adding virgin material to the powder batch. Reduction of particle size distribution range, increase in circularity, and improvement in the powder flowability were identified as consequences of powder reuse. The result of laser interaction with particles was further explored by scanning electron microscopy, presenting the continuous modification of the particles across the eight reuse cycles. The oxygen content on the particles was also measured to access the O2 pick-up as a consequence of particle heating.
粉末激光定向能沉积(L-DED)的原料捕获效率正成为工业化使用 L-DED 工艺制造大规模 AM 零件的一大挑战。粉末捕获效率取决于工艺优化和工具路径。目前的文献显示,通常的粉末效率范围很大,介于 3% 和 32% 之间,在某些特定情况下超过 90%。在 L-DED 中,粉末气流与激光束相互作用,在基底上局部添加材料。部分材料被熔池捕获。未被激光束捕获的材料则会发生降解。文献中缺乏与 L-DED 工艺中粉末再利用相关的研究。本文采用一系列不同的粉末表征技术,对 L-DED 工艺中激光与 SS 316L 金属粉末颗粒相互作用的后果进行了全面研究,以评估粉末形态、尺寸分布、化学成分、可随性和密度。这项研究是在八个粉末重复使用周期内进行的,没有在粉末批次中添加原始材料。研究发现,粉末重复使用会导致粒度分布范围缩小、圆度增加和粉末流动性改善。扫描电子显微镜进一步探究了激光与颗粒相互作用的结果,显示了颗粒在八个重复使用周期中的持续变化。此外,还测量了颗粒上的氧含量,以了解颗粒加热后的氧气吸收情况。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental study on magnetic field-assisted laser scanning welding of T2 copper 磁场辅助激光扫描焊接 T2 铜的实验研究
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.2351/7.0001245
Lifang Mei, Yang Liu, Dongbing Yan, Jun Yang, Yu Liang, Shanming Luo
The study employed laser scanning welding technology for butt welding experiments on red copper, investigating the behavior of metal vapor plumes, plasma, and metal spatter during the welding process, as well as the quality and electrical conductivity of the resulting joints by varying the polarity and strength of the applied magnetic field. The results showed that the polarity of the magnetic field had a minor effect on welding performance, with the main influencing factor being the strength of the magnetic field. As the magnetic field strength increased, the formation volume and ejection intensity of metal vapor plumes and plasma exhibited an initial decrease followed by an increase, similarly affecting the weld seam morphology, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity. At 120 mT magnetic strength, metal vapor and plasma formation are minimized, and metal spattering is eliminated, thereby enhancing welding stability; the weld seam was uniformly formed with no significant defects; the cross-sectional weld was even without obvious undulations; on one side of the weld zone, columnar crystals were extremely fine, and the center of the weld consisted of numerous equiaxed crystals with a few columnar crystals perpendicular to the horizontal direction, while the equiaxed crystals on the other side of the weld zone were denser; the sample joints achieved peak hardness and tensile strength at 70.9 HV and 202 MPa, showing increases of 17.2% and 14.8%, respectively, over nonmagnetic conditions; the weldment’s conductivity peaked at 79.58 mS/m, 36.5% higher than without a magnetic field, reaching 97.9% of the parent material’s.
该研究采用激光扫描焊接技术对红铜进行对接焊接实验,通过改变应用磁场的极性和强度,研究焊接过程中金属蒸汽羽流、等离子体和金属飞溅的行为,以及焊接接头的质量和导电性。结果表明,磁场极性对焊接性能的影响较小,主要影响因素是磁场强度。随着磁场强度的增加,金属蒸气羽流和等离子体的形成体积和喷射强度先减小后增大,同样影响了焊缝形态、机械性能和导电性。在 120 mT 磁强下,金属蒸气和等离子体的形成最小,金属飞溅消除,从而提高了焊接稳定性;焊缝均匀成型,无明显缺陷;焊缝横截面平整,无明显起伏;在焊缝区域的一侧,柱状晶极为细小,焊缝中心由许多等轴晶粒和少量垂直于水平方向的柱状晶粒组成,而在焊缝区域的另一侧,等轴晶粒更为密集;试样接头的硬度和抗拉强度峰值分别为 70.9 HV 和 202 MPa,分别比无磁场条件下提高了 17.2% 和 14.8%;焊接件的电导率峰值为 79.58 mS/m,比无磁场条件下提高了 36.5%,达到母材电导率的 97.9%。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental evaluation of a WC–Co alloy layer formation process by multibeam-type laser metal deposition with blue diode lasers 利用蓝色二极管激光器进行多波束激光金属沉积的 WC-Co 合金层形成过程的实验评估
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.2351/7.0001125
Kosei Yamamoto, Ryuhei Matsuda, K. Takenaka, Yuji Sato, Y. Yamashita, Ayahito Saikai, Taisei Yachi, M. Kusaba, Masahiro Tsukamoto
A tungsten carbide–cobalt (WC–Co) composite layer was formed on a stainless-steel type 304 (SS304) substrate using multibeam laser metal deposition (LMD) with blue diode lasers. This paper aims to provide WC–Co layer formation with low porosity and high layer formation efficiency by using the multibeam LMD process. The effects of process parameters such as laser output power and powder feed rate are tied together to explain the geometry of the melt layer as well as the fraction of the laser energy used for melting a material. The experimental results show that the porosity rate and layer formation efficiency were recorded at 0.3% and 0.0042 mm3/J, respectively, at the laser output power of 180 W and a powder feed rate of 75 mg/s. It was revealed that layer formation efficiency was dependent on the laser output power.
使用蓝色二极管激光器的多波束激光金属沉积(LMD)工艺在不锈钢 304(SS304)基材上形成了碳化钨-钴(WC-Co)复合层。本文旨在利用多波束激光金属沉积 (LMD) 工艺,实现低孔隙率和高效率的 WC-Co 层形成。将激光输出功率和粉末进给率等工艺参数的影响结合起来,解释了熔化层的几何形状以及熔化材料所使用的激光能量分量。实验结果表明,在激光输出功率为 180 W、粉末进料速率为 75 mg/s 时,孔隙率和熔层形成效率分别为 0.3% 和 0.0042 mm3/J。实验结果表明,层形成效率取决于激光输出功率。
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引用次数: 0
Texturing skin-pass rolls by high-speed laser melt injection, laser ablation, and electrolytic etching 通过高速激光熔体喷射、激光烧蚀和电解蚀刻对皮辊进行纹理加工
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.2351/7.0001149
P. Warneke, A. Bohlen, T. Seefeld
Skin-pass rolls are used for setting the final sheet thickness and surface texture. For sheet metal that is produced for forming, textured skin-pass rolls featuring a high-low structure are used in order to improve the formability and paint adhesion of the sheet. In this paper, new textures for skin-pass rolls generated by high-speed laser melt injection (HSLMI) are presented and characterized. Furthermore, it is studied how the texture of the roll is transferred to steel and aluminum sheets. With HSLMI, metal matrix composite (MMC) layers featuring spherical fused tungsten carbide (SFTC) particles with a high hardness could be produced on skin-pass rolls. For generating an increased high-low structure, laser ablation and electrolytic etching were carried out after HSLMI and grinding of the rolls. An analysis of the topography showed that different protruding heights between SFTC particles and matrix can be set. The textures generated by laser ablation showed a topography featuring two homogeneous height levels, whereas a texture with spherically shaped particles could be generated by electrolytic etching. Furthermore, it was found that all textures were transferred from the roll to both steel and aluminum sheets. The transfer of the textures mainly depended on the protruding height of the SFTC particles and the SFTC particle content of the roll.
蒙皮辊用于设定最终板材厚度和表面纹理。对于为成型而生产的金属板材,使用具有高低结构的纹理蒙皮辊可提高板材的成型性和涂料附着力。本文介绍了通过高速激光熔体喷射(HSLMI)生成的表皮辊的新纹理,并对其进行了表征。此外,还研究了如何将轧辊纹理转移到钢板和铝板上。通过 HSLMI,可以在皮辊上生产出具有高硬度球形熔融碳化钨(SFTC)颗粒的金属基复合材料(MMC)层。为了生成更高的高低结构,在 HSLMI 和磨削轧辊后进行了激光烧蚀和电解蚀刻。对形貌的分析表明,可以在 SFTC 颗粒和基体之间设置不同的突出高度。激光烧蚀产生的纹理具有两个均匀高度的地形,而电解蚀刻产生的纹理具有球形颗粒。此外,还发现所有纹理都能从轧辊转移到钢板和铝板上。纹理的转移主要取决于 SFTC 粒子的突出高度和轧辊中 SFTC 粒子的含量。
{"title":"Texturing skin-pass rolls by high-speed laser melt injection, laser ablation, and electrolytic etching","authors":"P. Warneke, A. Bohlen, T. Seefeld","doi":"10.2351/7.0001149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2351/7.0001149","url":null,"abstract":"Skin-pass rolls are used for setting the final sheet thickness and surface texture. For sheet metal that is produced for forming, textured skin-pass rolls featuring a high-low structure are used in order to improve the formability and paint adhesion of the sheet. In this paper, new textures for skin-pass rolls generated by high-speed laser melt injection (HSLMI) are presented and characterized. Furthermore, it is studied how the texture of the roll is transferred to steel and aluminum sheets. With HSLMI, metal matrix composite (MMC) layers featuring spherical fused tungsten carbide (SFTC) particles with a high hardness could be produced on skin-pass rolls. For generating an increased high-low structure, laser ablation and electrolytic etching were carried out after HSLMI and grinding of the rolls. An analysis of the topography showed that different protruding heights between SFTC particles and matrix can be set. The textures generated by laser ablation showed a topography featuring two homogeneous height levels, whereas a texture with spherically shaped particles could be generated by electrolytic etching. Furthermore, it was found that all textures were transferred from the roll to both steel and aluminum sheets. The transfer of the textures mainly depended on the protruding height of the SFTC particles and the SFTC particle content of the roll.","PeriodicalId":50168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Laser Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138952039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigating the influence of thermal behavior on microstructure during solidification in laser powder bed fusion of AlSi10Mg alloys: A phase-field analysis 研究 AlSi10Mg 合金激光粉末床熔融凝固过程中热行为对微观结构的影响:相场分析
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.2351/7.0001243
B. Panda, Seshadev Sahoo, Cheruvu Siva Kumar, Ashish Kumar Nath
The utilization of the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) method in additive manufacturing experiments has revealed the intriguing potential to induce morphological evolutions within the solidification microstructure by manipulating the thermal conditions. Transitions of this nature can have a substantial impact on the ultimate texture and material properties of the product. This study utilizes numerical investigations to examine the microstructure evolution of the AlSi10Mg alloy, which is fabricated using the L-PBF process, under different thermal conditions. In order to investigate the changes in the microstructure, we employ a parameter phase-field (PF) model. This model effectively replicates the natural development of nuclei from inoculant particles and accurately simulates the transitions in the morphology. The PF model’s validity is determined through the numerical investigation of morphological transitions during directional solidification of the AlSi10Mg alloy. The model’s predictions are then compared to the analytical Hunt model. The formation of a columnar microstructure with a significantly reduced secondary dendrite arm spacing is observed when the ratio of the temperature gradient (G) to the solidification rate (R) is increased.
在增材制造实验中使用激光粉末床熔融(L-PBF)方法,揭示了通过操纵热条件在凝固微结构中诱导形态演变的惊人潜力。这种性质的转变会对产品的最终质地和材料特性产生重大影响。本研究利用数值研究来考察使用 L-PBF 工艺制造的 AlSi10Mg 合金在不同热条件下的微观结构演变。为了研究微观结构的变化,我们采用了参数相场 (PF) 模型。该模型有效地复制了接种颗粒核的自然发展过程,并准确地模拟了形态的转变。通过对 AlSi10Mg 合金定向凝固过程中的形态转变进行数值研究,确定了 PF 模型的有效性。然后将该模型的预测结果与 Hunt 分析模型进行比较。当温度梯度 (G) 与凝固速率 (R) 的比值增大时,可观察到柱状微观结构的形成,其次生枝晶臂间距显著减小。
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引用次数: 0
High-power fiber-coupled diode laser welding of 10-mm thick Inconel 617 superalloy 高功率光纤耦合二极管激光焊接 10 毫米厚的 Inconel 617 超耐热合金
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.2351/7.0001209
Aqeel Mohd, Gautam J. P., Anusha E., Shariff S. M.
In the present study, a high beam quality fiber-coupled diode laser was effectively utilized to weld 10-mm thick Inconel 617 superalloy in single pass. Influence of critical parameters of focusing distance and welding speed on weld characteristics was systematically investigated and optimized. At optimum process conditions with the power density of ≈106 W/cm2, crack-free full-penetration weld with minimal distortion, porosity, and no underfill/undercut/root-hump defects were obtained with 97%–99% joint efficiency. The weld joint quality produced was on par with multipass employing conventional lasers and advanced laser-hybrid welding techniques and sufficient enough to apply in various applications of thermal power plants, ship building, and heavy industries.
本研究利用高光束质量光纤耦合二极管激光器对 10 毫米厚的 Inconel 617 超耐热合金进行了有效的单道焊接。系统研究并优化了聚焦距离和焊接速度等关键参数对焊接特性的影响。在功率密度为 ≈106 W/cm2 的最佳工艺条件下,获得了无裂纹的全熔透焊缝,且变形、气孔和未填充/未切割/根部凸起缺陷最小,接头效率达到 97%-99% 。所产生的焊缝质量与采用传统激光和先进激光混合焊接技术的多通道焊缝质量相当,足以应用于火力发电厂、造船和重工业的各种场合。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of temperature and beam size on weld track shape in laser powder bed fusion of pure copper using near-infrared laser system 使用近红外激光系统进行纯铜激光粉末床熔化时温度和光束尺寸对焊道形状的影响
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.2351/7.0001118
Alexander Bauch, Dirk Herzog
Additive manufacturing of copper using laser powder bed fusion enables the production of highly complex components with excellent heat and electrical conductivity. However, the processing of copper by means of near-infrared laser radiation, which is commonly used, is challenging due to its high reflectivity. Nevertheless, it has been demonstrated that high densities and electrical conductivities can be achieved using high-power laser systems. In order to process pure copper with reliable quality with different machines, it is essential to understand the conditions at which a continuous weld track is formed. For this purpose, weld tracks with varying laser power and scan speeds were welded on a copper substrate plate with an applied powder layer. The preheating temperature of the substrate plate and the beam size were varied to test different process conditions. The melt pool depths and widths were measured, and a relationship was elaborated. Based on these results, cube samples with discrete weld tracks on top were manufactured. The melt pool depth was measured and compared with the predicted melt pool depth to investigate the transferability of the elaborated relationship from the substrate to process conditions. It was found that with rising preheating temperature and for larger beam diameters at the same peak intensity, the weld width and weld depths increase. Furthermore, continuous weld tracks formed reliably in the keyhole welding regime. A good agreement between the weld depth of weld tracks on the substrate and the elaborated relationship was revealed. However, the weld tracks were shallower than predicted.
利用激光粉末床熔融技术对铜进行增材制造,可以生产出具有出色导热性和导电性的高度复杂部件。然而,由于铜的反射率较高,利用常用的近红外激光辐射加工铜是一项挑战。不过,事实证明,使用高功率激光系统可以实现高密度和高导电性。为了用不同的机器加工出质量可靠的纯铜,必须了解形成连续焊道的条件。为此,使用不同的激光功率和扫描速度在涂有粉末层的铜基板上焊接焊道。基板的预热温度和光束大小各不相同,以测试不同的工艺条件。对熔池深度和宽度进行了测量,并详细说明了两者之间的关系。根据这些结果,制造出了顶部带有离散焊道的立方体样品。对熔池深度进行了测量,并与预测的熔池深度进行了比较,以研究从基底到工艺条件的关系。结果发现,随着预热温度的升高,在峰值强度相同的情况下,如果光束直径较大,焊缝宽度和焊缝深度都会增加。此外,在锁孔焊接条件下,连续焊道的形成是可靠的。基体上焊道的焊接深度与所阐述的关系非常吻合。不过,焊道比预测的要浅。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-objective optimization of key process parameters in laser cladding Stellite12 cobalt-based alloy powder 多目标优化激光熔覆 Stellite12 钴基合金粉末的关键工艺参数
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.2351/7.0001163
Yang Zou, Shaoqi Shi, Zefeng Yang, Teng Xu, Yongqi Liang, Qiang Yu, Yuchuan Cheng, Gaojie Xu, Zhixiang Li, Fei Long
Laser cladding (LC) process parameters have a substantial influence on coating morphology and mechanical characteristics; it is necessary to optimize key parameters for laser processing. In this study, Stellite12 cobalt-based alloy powder with excellent corrosion and wear resistance was selected as the cladding material. The multi-objective optimization model of the LC process was established by response surface methodology, laser power, scanning speed, and powder feeding rate as input factors, and the target response variables involve dilution, aspect ratio, and microhardness of the single-track cladding. Combined with variance analysis (ANOVA), the multi-objective optimization of laser power, scanning speed, and powder feeding rate was conducted. A single-track cladding layer with a dilution of 18.29%, an aspect ratio of 3.88, and a microhardness of 634.67 HV0.2 was obtained using the optimized process parameters. Errors between the predicted and actual values of single-track cladding dilution, aspect ratio, and microhardness were less than 8%, which verified the accuracy of the established model.
激光熔覆(LC)工艺参数对涂层形貌和机械特性有很大影响,因此有必要优化激光加工的关键参数。本研究选择了具有优异耐腐蚀性和耐磨性的 Stellite12 钴基合金粉末作为熔覆材料。以激光功率、扫描速度和送粉率为输入因子,以单轨熔覆材料的稀释度、长宽比和显微硬度为目标响应变量,采用响应面方法建立了激光熔覆工艺的多目标优化模型。结合方差分析(ANOVA),对激光功率、扫描速度和送粉率进行了多目标优化。使用优化后的工艺参数,获得了稀释度为 18.29%、纵横比为 3.88、显微硬度为 634.67 HV0.2 的单轨熔覆层。单轨包层稀释度、纵横比和显微硬度的预测值与实际值之间的误差均小于 8%,这验证了所建立模型的准确性。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Laser Applications
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