Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1038/s44271-024-00133-1
Dimana V. Atanassova, Christoph Mathys, Andreea O. Diaconescu, Victor I. Madariaga, Joukje M. Oosterman, Inti A. Brazil
Individuals with elevated psychopathic traits exhibit decision-making deficits linked to a failure to learn from negative outcomes. We investigated how reduced pain sensitivity affects reinforcement-based decision-making in individuals with varying levels of psychopathic traits, as measured by the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-Short Form. Using computational modelling, we estimated the latent cognitive processes in a community non-offender sample (n = 111) that completed a task with choices leading to painful and non-painful outcomes. Higher psychopathic traits were associated with reduced pain sensitivity and disturbances in reinforcement learning from painful outcomes. In a Structural Equation Model, a superordinate psychopathy factor was associated with a faster return to original stimulus-outcome associations as pain tolerance increased. This provides evidence directly linking reduced pain sensitivity and learning from painful outcomes with elevated psychopathic traits. Our results offer insights into the computational mechanisms of maladaptive decision-making in psychopathy and antisocial behavior. Higher levels of psychopathic traits were associated with reduced pain sensitivity as well as a greater tendency to ignore new evidence and maintain prior expectations in pain learning situations.
{"title":"Diminished pain sensitivity mediates the relationship between psychopathic traits and reduced learning from pain","authors":"Dimana V. Atanassova, Christoph Mathys, Andreea O. Diaconescu, Victor I. Madariaga, Joukje M. Oosterman, Inti A. Brazil","doi":"10.1038/s44271-024-00133-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-024-00133-1","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals with elevated psychopathic traits exhibit decision-making deficits linked to a failure to learn from negative outcomes. We investigated how reduced pain sensitivity affects reinforcement-based decision-making in individuals with varying levels of psychopathic traits, as measured by the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-Short Form. Using computational modelling, we estimated the latent cognitive processes in a community non-offender sample (n = 111) that completed a task with choices leading to painful and non-painful outcomes. Higher psychopathic traits were associated with reduced pain sensitivity and disturbances in reinforcement learning from painful outcomes. In a Structural Equation Model, a superordinate psychopathy factor was associated with a faster return to original stimulus-outcome associations as pain tolerance increased. This provides evidence directly linking reduced pain sensitivity and learning from painful outcomes with elevated psychopathic traits. Our results offer insights into the computational mechanisms of maladaptive decision-making in psychopathy and antisocial behavior. Higher levels of psychopathic traits were associated with reduced pain sensitivity as well as a greater tendency to ignore new evidence and maintain prior expectations in pain learning situations.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44271-024-00133-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1038/s44271-024-00136-y
Troby Ka-Yan Lui
New research shows that the brain employs similar anatomical regions but specific neural oscillatory patterns during speech and music perception.
新的研究表明，在感知语音和音乐时，大脑会使用相似的解剖区域和特定的神经振荡模式。
{"title":"Cognitive neuroscience: the brain’s symphony in hearing speech and music","authors":"Troby Ka-Yan Lui","doi":"10.1038/s44271-024-00136-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-024-00136-y","url":null,"abstract":"New research shows that the brain employs similar anatomical regions but specific neural oscillatory patterns during speech and music perception.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44271-024-00136-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1038/s44271-024-00132-2
João F. Guassi Moreira, Carolyn Parkinson
The idea that individuals ascribe value to social phenomena, broadly construed, is well-established. Despite the ubiquity of this concept, defining social value in the context of interpersonal relationships remains elusive. This is notable because while prominent theories of human social behavior acknowledge the role of value-based processes, they mostly emphasize the value of individual actions an agent may choose to take in a given environment. Comparatively little is known about how humans value their interpersonal relationships. To address this, we devised a method for engineering a behavioral signature of social value in several independent samples (total N = 1111). Incorporating the concept of opportunity cost from economics and data-driven quantitative methods, we derived this signature by sourcing and weighting a range of social behaviors based on how likely individuals are to prioritize them in the face of limited resources. We examined how strongly the signature was expressed in self-reported social behaviors with specific relationship partners (a parent, close friend, and acquaintance). Social value scores track with other aspects of these relationships (e.g., relationship quality, aversion to losing relationship partners), are predictive of decision preferences on a range of tasks, and display good psychometric properties. These results provide greater mechanistic specificity in delineating human value-based behavior in social contexts and help parse the motivational relevance of the different facets that comprise interpersonal relationships. The social value of interpersonal relationships was quantified by participants reporting the likelihood of engaging in various free time activities with different social partners and then applying a model-based signature of individual activity value to these ratings. The ensuing scores correlated with self-reported relationship quality and social loss aversion.
{"title":"A behavioral signature for quantifying the social value of interpersonal relationships with specific others","authors":"João F. Guassi Moreira, Carolyn Parkinson","doi":"10.1038/s44271-024-00132-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-024-00132-2","url":null,"abstract":"The idea that individuals ascribe value to social phenomena, broadly construed, is well-established. Despite the ubiquity of this concept, defining social value in the context of interpersonal relationships remains elusive. This is notable because while prominent theories of human social behavior acknowledge the role of value-based processes, they mostly emphasize the value of individual actions an agent may choose to take in a given environment. Comparatively little is known about how humans value their interpersonal relationships. To address this, we devised a method for engineering a behavioral signature of social value in several independent samples (total N = 1111). Incorporating the concept of opportunity cost from economics and data-driven quantitative methods, we derived this signature by sourcing and weighting a range of social behaviors based on how likely individuals are to prioritize them in the face of limited resources. We examined how strongly the signature was expressed in self-reported social behaviors with specific relationship partners (a parent, close friend, and acquaintance). Social value scores track with other aspects of these relationships (e.g., relationship quality, aversion to losing relationship partners), are predictive of decision preferences on a range of tasks, and display good psychometric properties. These results provide greater mechanistic specificity in delineating human value-based behavior in social contexts and help parse the motivational relevance of the different facets that comprise interpersonal relationships. The social value of interpersonal relationships was quantified by participants reporting the likelihood of engaging in various free time activities with different social partners and then applying a model-based signature of individual activity value to these ratings. The ensuing scores correlated with self-reported relationship quality and social loss aversion.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44271-024-00132-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142147302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-04DOI: 10.1038/s44271-024-00129-x
Vitalii Zhukov, Alexander M. Petersen, Daniel Dukes, David Sander, Panagiotis Tsiamyrtzis, Ioannis Pavlidis
Affectivism is a research trend dedicated to the study of emotions and their role in cognition and human behavior. Affectivism both complements and competes with cognitivism, which typically neglects affect in explaining behavior. By the nature of their subject, both affectivism and cognitivism constitute fertile grounds for studying the confluence of conceptual knowledge from diverse disciplines, which is often credited with major breakthroughs and is known as convergence science. Analyzing over half a million relevant publications from PubMed, selected according to psychologist chosen MeSH terms, we find that affectivism yields higher impact than cognitivism, as measured through normalized citations. Importantly, this higher impact is strongly associated with higher multidisciplinarity in the citations of affectivism publications but lower multidisciplinarity in the papers themselves. Hence, the case of affectivism suggests that research content of low topical diversity but broad value can generate strong and wide-ranging scholarly impact, feeding downstream convergence. Affective research generates more diverse citations that cover a higher variety of research fields when compared to cognitive research. This occurs despite a more narrow focus of topics included in the original affective articles themselves
{"title":"Science convergence in affective research is associated with impactful multidisciplinary appeal rather than multidisciplinary content","authors":"Vitalii Zhukov, Alexander M. Petersen, Daniel Dukes, David Sander, Panagiotis Tsiamyrtzis, Ioannis Pavlidis","doi":"10.1038/s44271-024-00129-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-024-00129-x","url":null,"abstract":"Affectivism is a research trend dedicated to the study of emotions and their role in cognition and human behavior. Affectivism both complements and competes with cognitivism, which typically neglects affect in explaining behavior. By the nature of their subject, both affectivism and cognitivism constitute fertile grounds for studying the confluence of conceptual knowledge from diverse disciplines, which is often credited with major breakthroughs and is known as convergence science. Analyzing over half a million relevant publications from PubMed, selected according to psychologist chosen MeSH terms, we find that affectivism yields higher impact than cognitivism, as measured through normalized citations. Importantly, this higher impact is strongly associated with higher multidisciplinarity in the citations of affectivism publications but lower multidisciplinarity in the papers themselves. Hence, the case of affectivism suggests that research content of low topical diversity but broad value can generate strong and wide-ranging scholarly impact, feeding downstream convergence. Affective research generates more diverse citations that cover a higher variety of research fields when compared to cognitive research. This occurs despite a more narrow focus of topics included in the original affective articles themselves","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44271-024-00129-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142130474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-28DOI: 10.1038/s44271-024-00124-2
Jordan Garrett, Carly Chak, Tom Bullock, Barry Giesbrecht
Physical exercise is a potential intervention for enhancing cognitive function across the lifespan. However, while studies employing long-term exercise interventions consistently show positive effects on cognition, studies using single acute bouts have produced mixed results. Here, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the impact of acute exercise on cognitive task performance in healthy young adults. A Bayesian hierarchical model quantified probabilistic evidence for a modulatory relationship by synthesizing 651 effect sizes from 113 studies from PsychInfo and Google Scholar representing 4,390 participants. Publication bias was mitigated using the trim-and-fill method. Acute exercise was found to have a small beneficial effect on cognition (g = 0.13 ± 0.04; BF = 3.67) and decrease reaction time. A meta-analysis restricted to executive function tasks revealed improvements in working memory and inhibition. Meta-analytic estimates were consistent across multiple priors and likelihood functions. Physical activities were categorized based on exercise type (e.g., cycling) because many activities have aerobic and anaerobic components, but this approach may limit comparison to studies that categorize activities based on metabolic demands. The current study provides an updated synthesis of the existing literature and insights into the robustness of acute exercise-induced effects on cognition. Funding provided by the United States Army Research Office. A single instance of exercise improves cognitive task performance especially in regard to reaction time. Cycling and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) were found to be particularly beneficial.
{"title":"A systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis provide evidence for an effect of acute physical activity on cognition in young adults","authors":"Jordan Garrett, Carly Chak, Tom Bullock, Barry Giesbrecht","doi":"10.1038/s44271-024-00124-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-024-00124-2","url":null,"abstract":"Physical exercise is a potential intervention for enhancing cognitive function across the lifespan. However, while studies employing long-term exercise interventions consistently show positive effects on cognition, studies using single acute bouts have produced mixed results. Here, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the impact of acute exercise on cognitive task performance in healthy young adults. A Bayesian hierarchical model quantified probabilistic evidence for a modulatory relationship by synthesizing 651 effect sizes from 113 studies from PsychInfo and Google Scholar representing 4,390 participants. Publication bias was mitigated using the trim-and-fill method. Acute exercise was found to have a small beneficial effect on cognition (g = 0.13 ± 0.04; BF = 3.67) and decrease reaction time. A meta-analysis restricted to executive function tasks revealed improvements in working memory and inhibition. Meta-analytic estimates were consistent across multiple priors and likelihood functions. Physical activities were categorized based on exercise type (e.g., cycling) because many activities have aerobic and anaerobic components, but this approach may limit comparison to studies that categorize activities based on metabolic demands. The current study provides an updated synthesis of the existing literature and insights into the robustness of acute exercise-induced effects on cognition. Funding provided by the United States Army Research Office. A single instance of exercise improves cognitive task performance especially in regard to reaction time. Cycling and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) were found to be particularly beneficial.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44271-024-00124-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142123434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-27DOI: 10.1038/s44271-024-00123-3
Pranav Sankhe, Masahiko Haruno
Our movements, especially sequential ones, are usually goal-directed, i.e., coupled with task-level goals. Consequently, cognitive strategies for decision-making and motor performance are likely to influence each other. However, evidence linking decision-making strategies and motor performance remains elusive. Here, we designed a modified version of the two-step task, named the two-step sequential movement task, where participants had to conduct rapid sequential finger movements to obtain rewards (n = 40). In the shock session, participants received an electrical shock if they made an erroneous or slow movement, while in the no-shock session, they only received zero reward. We found that participants who prioritised model-free decision-making committed more motor errors in the presence of the shock stimulus (shock sessions) than those who prioritised model-based decision-making. Using a mediation analysis, we also revealed a strong link between the balance of the model-based and the model-free learning strategies and sequential movement performances. These results suggested that model-free decision-making produces more motor errors than model-based decision-making in rapid sequential movements under the threat of stressful stimuli. Reinforcement learning strategies and motor performance are linked. Participants show poorer motor performance when they adopt or shift towards a model-free strategy under threat of electric shocks than when they use a model-based strategy.
{"title":"Model-free decision-making underlies motor errors in rapid sequential movements under threat","authors":"Pranav Sankhe, Masahiko Haruno","doi":"10.1038/s44271-024-00123-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-024-00123-3","url":null,"abstract":"Our movements, especially sequential ones, are usually goal-directed, i.e., coupled with task-level goals. Consequently, cognitive strategies for decision-making and motor performance are likely to influence each other. However, evidence linking decision-making strategies and motor performance remains elusive. Here, we designed a modified version of the two-step task, named the two-step sequential movement task, where participants had to conduct rapid sequential finger movements to obtain rewards (n = 40). In the shock session, participants received an electrical shock if they made an erroneous or slow movement, while in the no-shock session, they only received zero reward. We found that participants who prioritised model-free decision-making committed more motor errors in the presence of the shock stimulus (shock sessions) than those who prioritised model-based decision-making. Using a mediation analysis, we also revealed a strong link between the balance of the model-based and the model-free learning strategies and sequential movement performances. These results suggested that model-free decision-making produces more motor errors than model-based decision-making in rapid sequential movements under the threat of stressful stimuli. Reinforcement learning strategies and motor performance are linked. Participants show poorer motor performance when they adopt or shift towards a model-free strategy under threat of electric shocks than when they use a model-based strategy.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44271-024-00123-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142123433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-24DOI: 10.1038/s44271-024-00128-y
Sarah K. Buehler, Millie Lowther, Paulina B. Lukow, Peter A. Kirk, Alexandra C. Pike, Yumeya Yamamori, Alice V. Chavanne, Siobhan Gormley, Talya Goble, Ella W. Tuominen, Jessica Aylward, Tayla McCloud, Julia Rodriguez-Sanchez, Oliver J. Robinson
Anxiety involves the anticipation of aversive outcomes and can impair neurocognitive processes, such as the ability to recall faces encoded during the anxious state. It is important to precisely delineate and determine the replicability of these effects using causal state anxiety inductions in the general population. This study therefore aimed to replicate prior research on the distinct impacts of threat-of-shock-induced anxiety on the encoding and recognition stage of emotional face processing, in a large asymptomatic sample (n = 92). We successfully replicated previous results demonstrating impaired recognition of faces encoded under threat-of-shock. This was supported by a mega-analysis across three independent studies using the same paradigm (n = 211). Underlying this, a whole-brain fMRI analysis revealed enhanced activation in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), alongside previously seen activity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) when combined in a mega-analysis with the fMRI findings we aimed to replicate. We further found replications of hippocampus activation when the retrieval and encoding states were congruent. Our results support the notion that state anxiety disrupts face recognition, potentially due to attentional demands of anxious arousal competing with affective stimuli processing during encoding and suggest that regions of the cingulate cortex play pivotal roles in this. Across replications, threat-of-shock during encoding impairs emotional face recognition; a mega-analysis across studies implicates increased BOLD activity in anterior and posterior cingulate cortex in the process.
{"title":"Independent replications reveal anterior and posterior cingulate cortex activation underlying state anxiety-attenuated face encoding","authors":"Sarah K. Buehler, Millie Lowther, Paulina B. Lukow, Peter A. Kirk, Alexandra C. Pike, Yumeya Yamamori, Alice V. Chavanne, Siobhan Gormley, Talya Goble, Ella W. Tuominen, Jessica Aylward, Tayla McCloud, Julia Rodriguez-Sanchez, Oliver J. Robinson","doi":"10.1038/s44271-024-00128-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-024-00128-y","url":null,"abstract":"Anxiety involves the anticipation of aversive outcomes and can impair neurocognitive processes, such as the ability to recall faces encoded during the anxious state. It is important to precisely delineate and determine the replicability of these effects using causal state anxiety inductions in the general population. This study therefore aimed to replicate prior research on the distinct impacts of threat-of-shock-induced anxiety on the encoding and recognition stage of emotional face processing, in a large asymptomatic sample (n = 92). We successfully replicated previous results demonstrating impaired recognition of faces encoded under threat-of-shock. This was supported by a mega-analysis across three independent studies using the same paradigm (n = 211). Underlying this, a whole-brain fMRI analysis revealed enhanced activation in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), alongside previously seen activity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) when combined in a mega-analysis with the fMRI findings we aimed to replicate. We further found replications of hippocampus activation when the retrieval and encoding states were congruent. Our results support the notion that state anxiety disrupts face recognition, potentially due to attentional demands of anxious arousal competing with affective stimuli processing during encoding and suggest that regions of the cingulate cortex play pivotal roles in this. Across replications, threat-of-shock during encoding impairs emotional face recognition; a mega-analysis across studies implicates increased BOLD activity in anterior and posterior cingulate cortex in the process.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44271-024-00128-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142050574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1038/s44271-024-00127-z
Roman Stengelin, Luke Maurits, Robert Hepach, Daniel Benjamin Moritz Haun
People exhibit more risk-prone behaviors when together with peers than when in private. The interplay of social context effects and other variables that alter human risk preferences (i.e., age, sex, or culture) remains poorly understood. Here, we explored risk preferences among Namibian Hai||om and Ovambo children (N = 144; AgeRange = 6–10 years). Participants chose between risky and safe options in private or during peer presence. In a third condition, children collaborated with peers before their risk preferences were assessed in those peers’ presence. Children from both societies were risk-averse, but Hai||om children showed greater risk aversion than their Ovambo counterparts. Across cultures and ages, boys were less averse to risks than girls. This effect was most pronounced during peer presence, whereas collaboration did not additionally affect risk preferences. These results suggest a dynamic interplay of individual, social, and cultural factors shaping children’s risk preferences. Namibian Hai||om and Ovambo children aged 6 to 10 were generally risk averse. However, across both cultures and ages, boys were less risk averse than girls, especially in the presence of peers.
{"title":"Children’s risk preferences vary across sexes, social contexts, and cultures","authors":"Roman Stengelin, Luke Maurits, Robert Hepach, Daniel Benjamin Moritz Haun","doi":"10.1038/s44271-024-00127-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-024-00127-z","url":null,"abstract":"People exhibit more risk-prone behaviors when together with peers than when in private. The interplay of social context effects and other variables that alter human risk preferences (i.e., age, sex, or culture) remains poorly understood. Here, we explored risk preferences among Namibian Hai||om and Ovambo children (N = 144; AgeRange = 6–10 years). Participants chose between risky and safe options in private or during peer presence. In a third condition, children collaborated with peers before their risk preferences were assessed in those peers’ presence. Children from both societies were risk-averse, but Hai||om children showed greater risk aversion than their Ovambo counterparts. Across cultures and ages, boys were less averse to risks than girls. This effect was most pronounced during peer presence, whereas collaboration did not additionally affect risk preferences. These results suggest a dynamic interplay of individual, social, and cultural factors shaping children’s risk preferences. Namibian Hai||om and Ovambo children aged 6 to 10 were generally risk averse. However, across both cultures and ages, boys were less risk averse than girls, especially in the presence of peers.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44271-024-00127-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142050573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.1038/s44271-024-00130-4
Catherine Malboeuf-Hurtubise, David Lefrançois, Marc-André Éthier, Jonathan Smith, Terra Léger-Goodes, Catherine M. Herba
Interventions targeting children’s eco-anxiety have focused on fostering hope, however this is disconnected from children’s need to explore and express despair regarding the climate crisis. Adults can help by acknowledging and discussing these emotions with children. Interventions targeting children’s eco-anxiety have focused on fostering hope, however this is disconnected from children’s need to explore and express despair regarding the climate crisis. Adults can help by acknowledging and discussing these emotions with children.
{"title":"Exploring children’s despair in the face of climate change","authors":"Catherine Malboeuf-Hurtubise, David Lefrançois, Marc-André Éthier, Jonathan Smith, Terra Léger-Goodes, Catherine M. Herba","doi":"10.1038/s44271-024-00130-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-024-00130-4","url":null,"abstract":"Interventions targeting children’s eco-anxiety have focused on fostering hope, however this is disconnected from children’s need to explore and express despair regarding the climate crisis. Adults can help by acknowledging and discussing these emotions with children. Interventions targeting children’s eco-anxiety have focused on fostering hope, however this is disconnected from children’s need to explore and express despair regarding the climate crisis. Adults can help by acknowledging and discussing these emotions with children.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44271-024-00130-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142050568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1038/s44271-024-00126-0
Communications Psychology is celebrating its first birthday and has recently reached the publication of its 100th peer-reviewed paper. We mark our transition to toddlerhood by reflecting on publications, milestones, and development.
{"title":"A year of growth","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44271-024-00126-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-024-00126-0","url":null,"abstract":"Communications Psychology is celebrating its first birthday and has recently reached the publication of its 100th peer-reviewed paper. We mark our transition to toddlerhood by reflecting on publications, milestones, and development.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44271-024-00126-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142013707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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