Pub Date : 2025-01-16DOI: 10.1038/s44287-024-00133-7
With the celebration of our first anniversary, the team reflects on a successful year of delivering cutting-edge insights in electrical engineering while continuing the mission of shaping the future of the field through expert reviews, perspectives and comments.
{"title":"Happy birthday, Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00133-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00133-7","url":null,"abstract":"With the celebration of our first anniversary, the team reflects on a successful year of delivering cutting-edge insights in electrical engineering while continuing the mission of shaping the future of the field through expert reviews, perspectives and comments.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44287-024-00133-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-07DOI: 10.1038/s44287-024-00137-3
Silvia Conti
An article presented at the 2024 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting describes a single-chip image sensor with simultaneous colour and ranging information capabilities.
{"title":"High-resolution colour and range image capture on a single chip","authors":"Silvia Conti","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00137-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00137-3","url":null,"abstract":"An article presented at the 2024 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting describes a single-chip image sensor with simultaneous colour and ranging information capabilities.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":"11-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-07DOI: 10.1038/s44287-024-00131-9
Abdullah Bukhamsin, Jürgen Kosel, Ikram Blilou, Khaled Nabil Salama
Precision farming is an optimized management farming scheme that seeks to link the real-time needs of crops with the nutrients to be administered. Sensing platforms that can monitor the physiological status of crops in situ are key to enabling timely and localized interventions. However, the underdevelopment of plant sensing strategies limits the potential of precision farming. In this Review, we discuss the challenges and advancements in phyto-monitoring, focusing on strategies that are applicable to a wide range of plant species and suitable for field deployment. We explore species-agnostic sensors, including optical and electrochemical sensors, whose operation is based on principles that are widely applicable to all plant species. These platforms enable real-time monitoring of the physiological state of crops by assessing key biomarkers, such as plant hormones, and metabolites such as salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species. Evaluating these systems, we conclude that an integrative sensing approach is necessary to compensate for the limitations of the individual methods and can provide a holistic view of crop health. Cost-effective species-agnostic sensors are thus needed to provide information that can be used to minimize the resource footprint of farming and meet the growing global demand. Species-agnostic plant sensors can monitor the physiological health of a broad range of crops, which is vital for the implementation of precision farming. Here, we evaluate the different sensors in terms of their effectiveness and propose an integrated sensing approach.
{"title":"Accelerating adoption of species-agnostic plant sensors for precision farming","authors":"Abdullah Bukhamsin, Jürgen Kosel, Ikram Blilou, Khaled Nabil Salama","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00131-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00131-9","url":null,"abstract":"Precision farming is an optimized management farming scheme that seeks to link the real-time needs of crops with the nutrients to be administered. Sensing platforms that can monitor the physiological status of crops in situ are key to enabling timely and localized interventions. However, the underdevelopment of plant sensing strategies limits the potential of precision farming. In this Review, we discuss the challenges and advancements in phyto-monitoring, focusing on strategies that are applicable to a wide range of plant species and suitable for field deployment. We explore species-agnostic sensors, including optical and electrochemical sensors, whose operation is based on principles that are widely applicable to all plant species. These platforms enable real-time monitoring of the physiological state of crops by assessing key biomarkers, such as plant hormones, and metabolites such as salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species. Evaluating these systems, we conclude that an integrative sensing approach is necessary to compensate for the limitations of the individual methods and can provide a holistic view of crop health. Cost-effective species-agnostic sensors are thus needed to provide information that can be used to minimize the resource footprint of farming and meet the growing global demand. Species-agnostic plant sensors can monitor the physiological health of a broad range of crops, which is vital for the implementation of precision farming. Here, we evaluate the different sensors in terms of their effectiveness and propose an integrated sensing approach.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":"58-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-06DOI: 10.1038/s44287-024-00130-w
Shangke Lyu, Zhenyu Wei, Donglin Wang
The development of robotic guide dogs is crucial to improve the independence and mobility of people with limited vision, offering a safer and more efficient alternative to traditional aids. Here we highlight our Robotic Guide Dog system, focusing on its technological framework and discussing challenges encountered during commercialization.
{"title":"The Robotic Guide Dog for individuals with visual impairments","authors":"Shangke Lyu, Zhenyu Wei, Donglin Wang","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00130-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00130-w","url":null,"abstract":"The development of robotic guide dogs is crucial to improve the independence and mobility of people with limited vision, offering a safer and more efficient alternative to traditional aids. Here we highlight our Robotic Guide Dog system, focusing on its technological framework and discussing challenges encountered during commercialization.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":"9-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-06DOI: 10.1038/s44287-024-00140-8
Lishu Wu
An article in IEEE Internet of Things Journal presents a solution for mitigating impulsive noise in underwater acoustic communication using a one-dimensional convolutional neural network with a multi-attention mechanism.
{"title":"Mitigating impulsive noise for reliable UWA communication","authors":"Lishu Wu","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00140-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00140-8","url":null,"abstract":"An article in IEEE Internet of Things Journal presents a solution for mitigating impulsive noise in underwater acoustic communication using a one-dimensional convolutional neural network with a multi-attention mechanism.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":"12-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-03DOI: 10.1038/s44287-024-00129-3
Tsumoru Shintake, Patrick Naulleau
EUV lithography is crucial for semiconductor manufacturing, with resolution affecting circuit size, performance and energy efficiency; however, it is also a highly energy-intensive process. This Comment discusses the potential of a simple two-mirror projector to tackle the longstanding issues of energy consumption and capital costs in existing EUV lithography technologies.
{"title":"Low-cost energy-efficient EUV lithography for advanced semiconductor manufacturing","authors":"Tsumoru Shintake, Patrick Naulleau","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00129-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00129-3","url":null,"abstract":"EUV lithography is crucial for semiconductor manufacturing, with resolution affecting circuit size, performance and energy efficiency; however, it is also a highly energy-intensive process. This Comment discusses the potential of a simple two-mirror projector to tackle the longstanding issues of energy consumption and capital costs in existing EUV lithography technologies.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":"2-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-02DOI: 10.1038/s44287-024-00134-6
Patrick R. Bressler, Michael Töpper, Peter Ramm
The European Chips Act of 2022 calls for European microelectronics pilot lines to develop and validate novel design and fabrication technologies for next-generation microelectronic chips. Fundamental for new electronic components and systems, advanced packaging and heterogeneous integration technologies are the focus of the APECS pilot line.
{"title":"Europe’s pilot line for advanced packaging and heterogeneous integration of electronic components and systems (APECS)","authors":"Patrick R. Bressler, Michael Töpper, Peter Ramm","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00134-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00134-6","url":null,"abstract":"The European Chips Act of 2022 calls for European microelectronics pilot lines to develop and validate novel design and fabrication technologies for next-generation microelectronic chips. Fundamental for new electronic components and systems, advanced packaging and heterogeneous integration technologies are the focus of the APECS pilot line.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":"4-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
2D semiconductors, one of the transformative technologies for sub-1-nm technology node integrated circuits, are at a tipping point in transitioning from laboratory research to industry manufacturing. Therefore, 2D transistor fabrication and chip integration that are compatible with standard foundry workflows and benchmarks that meet industry requirements must be established.
{"title":"Towards fab-compatible two-dimensional electronics","authors":"Jianfeng Jiang, Peng Wu, Yifan Liu, Jing Kong, Lian-Mao Peng","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00125-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00125-7","url":null,"abstract":"2D semiconductors, one of the transformative technologies for sub-1-nm technology node integrated circuits, are at a tipping point in transitioning from laboratory research to industry manufacturing. Therefore, 2D transistor fabrication and chip integration that are compatible with standard foundry workflows and benchmarks that meet industry requirements must be established.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":"6-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neural circuits distributed across different brain regions mediate how neural information is processed and integrated, resulting in complex cognitive capabilities and behaviour. To understand dynamics and interactions of neural circuits, it is crucial to capture the complete spectrum of neural activity, ranging from the fast action potentials of individual neurons to the population dynamics driven by slow brain-wide oscillations. In this Review, we discuss how advances in electrical and optical recording technologies, coupled with the emergence of machine learning methodologies, present a unique opportunity to unravel the complex dynamics of the brain. Although great progress has been made in both electrical and optical neural recording technologies, these alone fail to provide a comprehensive picture of the neuronal activity with high spatiotemporal resolution. To address this challenge, multimodal experiments integrating the complementary advantages of different techniques hold great promise. However, they are still hindered by the absence of multimodal data analysis methods capable of providing unified and interpretable explanations of the complex neural dynamics distinctly encoded in these modalities. Combining multimodal studies with advanced data analysis methods will offer novel perspectives to address unresolved questions in basic neuroscience and to develop treatments for various neurological disorders. Flexible and transparent neural probes have facilitated the integration of electrical and optical neural recording techniques in multimodal experiments. Combining these studies with state-of-the-art computational methods would deepen our understanding of neural dynamics, advancing neuroscience and improving brain–computer interface systems.
{"title":"Innovating beyond electrophysiology through multimodal neural interfaces","authors":"Mehrdad Ramezani, Yundong Ren, Ertugrul Cubukcu, Duygu Kuzum","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00121-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00121-x","url":null,"abstract":"Neural circuits distributed across different brain regions mediate how neural information is processed and integrated, resulting in complex cognitive capabilities and behaviour. To understand dynamics and interactions of neural circuits, it is crucial to capture the complete spectrum of neural activity, ranging from the fast action potentials of individual neurons to the population dynamics driven by slow brain-wide oscillations. In this Review, we discuss how advances in electrical and optical recording technologies, coupled with the emergence of machine learning methodologies, present a unique opportunity to unravel the complex dynamics of the brain. Although great progress has been made in both electrical and optical neural recording technologies, these alone fail to provide a comprehensive picture of the neuronal activity with high spatiotemporal resolution. To address this challenge, multimodal experiments integrating the complementary advantages of different techniques hold great promise. However, they are still hindered by the absence of multimodal data analysis methods capable of providing unified and interpretable explanations of the complex neural dynamics distinctly encoded in these modalities. Combining multimodal studies with advanced data analysis methods will offer novel perspectives to address unresolved questions in basic neuroscience and to develop treatments for various neurological disorders. Flexible and transparent neural probes have facilitated the integration of electrical and optical neural recording techniques in multimodal experiments. Combining these studies with state-of-the-art computational methods would deepen our understanding of neural dynamics, advancing neuroscience and improving brain–computer interface systems.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":"42-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44287-024-00121-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-29DOI: 10.1038/s44287-024-00128-4
Silvia Conti
An article in Nature Electronics presents a headset with customizable real-time sound bubbles that adapt to user needs.
{"title":"Programmable sound bubble headsets","authors":"Silvia Conti","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00128-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00128-4","url":null,"abstract":"An article in Nature Electronics presents a headset with customizable real-time sound bubbles that adapt to user needs.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"1 12","pages":"766-766"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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