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Eliciting neural mechanisms of music medicine for epilepsy 音乐药物治疗癫痫的诱发神经机制
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2036520
M. Casey, Robert J. Quon, B. Jobst
ABSTRACT Prior research involving persons with drug-resistant epilepsy has demonstrated that listening to some music decreases the probability of clinical seizures and their related comorbidities. This article reviews recent research designed to elicit the neural mechanisms behind positive outcomes on biomarkers of the disease. Using novel music analytical and neurophysiological experimental methods, our results showed positive effects on epilepsy using 15-second gamma-band (40-Hz) complex tones as well as Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major (K448). We also observed greater effects with increased stimulus duration. Further analysis elicited effects localized to bilateral frontal brain regions due to transitions between musical phrases. Finally, music matched for patient preference from a range of musical styles was not as effective as 40-Hz tones or Mozart's K448. Understanding these results required expertise in both music and neuroscience, and could yield reliable music-based interventions for epilepsy that may also be transferable to other brain disorders.
摘要先前对耐药癫痫患者的研究表明,听一些音乐可以降低临床癫痫发作及其相关合并症的概率。这篇文章回顾了最近的研究,旨在引出该疾病生物标志物阳性结果背后的神经机制。采用新的音乐分析和神经生理学实验方法,我们的研究结果表明,使用15秒伽马带(40 Hz)复音以及莫扎特的D大调双钢琴奏鸣曲(K448)对癫痫有积极影响。我们还观察到,随着刺激持续时间的增加,效果会更大。进一步的分析引发了由于音乐短语之间的转换而局限于双侧额叶区域的影响。最后,从一系列音乐风格中匹配患者偏好的音乐不如40赫兹的音调或莫扎特的K448有效。了解这些结果需要音乐和神经科学方面的专业知识,并可以为癫痫提供可靠的基于音乐的干预措施,这种干预措施也可能转移到其他大脑疾病中。
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引用次数: 0
From brainwaves and ripples to Helen of Troy and Orlan: the depiction and significance of salience 从脑电波与涟漪到特洛伊的海伦与奥兰:显著性的刻画与意义
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2047275
G. Schott
ABSTRACT The averaging of waveforms necessary to detect small cortical evoked potentials which was pioneered by George Dawson, and the periodicity of component waves resulting from interference identified by Thomas Young, reveal selected components of the visual record to be diminished and others to be enhanced and thus salient. Surprisingly, these examples of achieving salience in neurophysiology and physics were anticipated two millennia ago by the Greek artist Zeuxis. When commissioned to paint a portrait of Helen of Troy, Zeuxis used a not dissimilar method of selection which still resonates today in the carnal artistry of Orlan. These examples reveal the important contribution of graphic methods to the depiction and hence the significance of salience in both the sciences and the humanities.
乔治·道森(George Dawson)首创的对检测小皮层诱发电位所需的波形进行平均,以及托马斯·杨(Thomas Young)发现的由干扰引起的分量波的周期性,揭示了视觉记录中某些部分被削弱,而其他部分被增强,因此显著。令人惊讶的是,这些在神经生理学和物理学上取得突出成就的例子早在两千年前就被希腊艺术家宙斯所预见。当宙斯被委托为特洛伊的海伦画肖像时,他使用了一种与之相似的选择方法,这种方法至今仍在奥尔兰的肉欲艺术中引起共鸣。这些例子揭示了图形方法对描绘的重要贡献,因此在科学和人文科学中都具有突出的意义。
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引用次数: 0
Links between sonification and generative music 声化和生成音乐之间的联系
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-19 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2035106
M. Helmuth, M. Schedel
ABSTRACT The authors investigate works by four composers who employed technology in the creation of music employing audification, sonification and algorithmic composition techniques. These compositions involve interdisciplinary collaborations either with scientific researchers, in the case of Annea Lockwood's Dusk and Carla Scaletti's hàgg, or artificial intelligence, in George Lewis's Voyager, and Bob Sturm's The Waters of Heanny. Each composer's choice of input data, custom-designed tools and personal compositional processes result in unique, expressive works that challenge the listener to expand their view of music and reality.
作者研究了四位作曲家的作品,他们在音乐创作中运用了技术,采用了鉴定、超声和算法作曲技术。这些作品包括与科学研究人员的跨学科合作,比如安妮·洛克伍德的《黄昏》和卡拉·斯卡莱蒂的《hàgg》,或者是乔治·刘易斯的《航海家》和鲍勃·斯特姆的《汉尼之水》中的人工智能。每位作曲家选择的输入数据,定制设计的工具和个人作曲过程导致独特的,富有表现力的作品,挑战听众扩大他们对音乐和现实的看法。
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引用次数: 1
The continuous in motion: music and/as science 运动中的连续性:音乐和/或科学
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-19 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2035101
A. Hugill
ABSTRACT This introduction sets out the key themes of this special issue of Interdisciplinary Science Reviews which is devoted to Music and/as Science. After identifying some initial provocative questions, it outlines the interdisciplinary, methodological and epistemological aspects of the various articles in the journal. It concludes with some personal reflections on the author’s own involvement in music over more than fifty years.
摘要本引言阐述了本期《跨学科科学评论》的主要主题,该杂志专门报道音乐和/或科学。在确定了一些最初的挑衅性问题后,它概述了该杂志上各种文章的跨学科、方法论和认识论方面。最后,作者对自己50多年来参与音乐创作进行了一些个人反思。
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引用次数: 0
Speech, music, soundscape and listening: interdisciplinary explorations 语音、音乐、音景与听力:跨学科的探索
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2035103
B. Truax
ABSTRACT The author discusses the relationship between experiential listening knowledge and scientific interdisciplinary knowledge in regard to sound, with particular emphasis on soundscape composition and electroacoustic signal processing.
摘要作者讨论了体验式听力知识与科学跨学科声音知识之间的关系,特别是声景合成和电声信号处理。
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引用次数: 2
Mining the ambient commons: building interdisciplinary connections between environmental knowledge, AI and creative practice research 挖掘环境公域:在环境知识、人工智能和创造性实践研究之间建立跨学科联系
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2036408
Ambrose Field
ABSTRACT According to Brooks [2017. “The Big Problem with Self-driving Cars Is People”. IEEE Spectrum: Technology, Engineering, and Science News], artificial intelligence has had a variable track-record of usefulness in situations where context and environmental knowledge are responsible for shaping human interactions. In 2021, providing contextually aware training to supervised machine learning is still a non-trivial task for AI models that involve complex systems. In addition, knowledge held only across distributed members of a community, within culture, or tacitly within the wider environment of the ambient commons [McCullough 2013. Ambient Commons: Attention in the Age of Embodied Information. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press] evades consistent generalizable modelling – even in technical domains such as traffic flow management, atmospheric chemistry, or the prediction of election results. Yet it is precisely these interactions of context, community, culture and environment that also define how music can be created. The creative arts can themselves be thought of as a complex system. Assuming that creativity is non-generalizable, this paper assesses creative processes through a humanities-centric lens of machine learning and robotics, aiming to better understand relationships between context, environment and experimental system in artistic research. These relationships are now themselves significantly digitally mediated, requiring a change in academic discourse away from artefacts which need discrete research justification towards a more holistic, and often non-linear view of networks that require cultural situation. In doing so, issues of creative accountability [Field 2021. “Changing the Vocabulary of Creative Research: The Role of Networks, Risk, and Accountability in Transcending Technical Rationality.” In Sound Work: Composition as Critical Technical Practice, edited by J. Impett, 303–317.Orpheus Institute Series. Leuven: Leuven University Press] and the implications of substituting “creative question” for “research question” are examined within creative research. Early twentieth century ideas related to progressivism which have instrumentalized creative practice, particularly where technology forms part of art making, are challenged by re-thinking change through new models. The Three Horizons change model [Sharpe 2016. “Three Horizons: A Pathways Practice for Transformation.” Ecology and Society 21 (2): 47] originally intended to describe environmental ecosystems, is assessed as a practical tool for designing creative research.
摘要根据Brooks[2017。“自动驾驶汽车的最大问题是人”。IEEE Spectrum:Technology,Engineering,and Science News],在上下文和环境知识负责塑造人类互动的情况下,人工智能的有用性记录各不相同。2021年,对于涉及复杂系统的人工智能模型来说,为监督机器学习提供情境感知训练仍然是一项不平凡的任务。此外,知识仅在社区的分布式成员之间、文化中或在环境公域的更广泛环境中默认持有[Mcullough 2013。环境共享:信息化身时代的关注。马萨诸塞州剑桥:麻省理工学院出版社]回避了一致的可推广建模——即使是在交通流管理、大气化学或选举结果预测等技术领域。然而,正是这些背景、社区、文化和环境的互动也定义了音乐的创作方式。创造性艺术本身可以被认为是一个复杂的系统。假设创造力是不可推广的,本文通过机器学习和机器人的人文中心视角来评估创造力过程,旨在更好地理解艺术研究中背景、环境和实验系统之间的关系。这些关系现在本身就受到了显著的数字中介,需要改变学术话语,从需要离散研究论证的人工制品转向对需要文化情境的网络的更全面、往往是非线性的看法。在这样做的过程中,创造性问责制的问题[Field 2021。“改变创造性研究的词汇:网络、风险和责任在超越技术合理性中的作用”,载于《声音工作:作为关键技术实践的写作》,J.Impett编辑,303-317。鲁汶:鲁汶大学出版社]以及用“创造性问题”代替“研究问题”的含义在创造性研究中进行了研究。20世纪初,与进步主义有关的思想将创造性实践工具化,特别是在技术构成艺术创作一部分的情况下,受到了通过新模式重新思考变革的挑战。“三视野”改变模式[Sharpe 2016。《三个视野:转型之路实践》,《生态学与社会》21(2):47]最初旨在描述环境生态系统,被评估为设计创造性研究的实用工具。
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引用次数: 2
Music: a versatile interface for explorations in art & science 音乐:探索艺术与科学的多功能界面
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2035107
R. Mountain
ABSTRACT The article traces the author's research into auditory and temporal perception to probe the strategies useful to a composer for portraying illusions of multiple layers in music, then to a secondary exploration of cross-disciplinary terminologies and strategies, and subsequently to a focus on variables in the listener profile as influencing the potential discernment of meaning in music. Further exploration, tracing the millennia of primitive sound-processing strategies as well as the many contexts which involve body movements and rhythms, leads to the realization that a composer who ventures outside traditional stylistic conventions of music-making will benefit from attention to these factors. In conclusion, the author points out that music is created not only for portraying emotions and moods, but, like all art forms, with an infinite variety of manifestations, subject matter, and research modes.
摘要本文追溯了作者对听觉和时间感知的研究,以探索作曲家在音乐中描绘多层错觉的有用策略,然后对跨学科术语和策略进行了二次探索,随后重点关注听众个人资料中影响音乐潜在意义辨别的变量。进一步的探索,追溯数千年来原始的声音处理策略,以及涉及身体运动和节奏的许多背景,使我们意识到,一个敢于跳出传统音乐风格惯例的作曲家将从对这些因素的关注中受益。最后,作者指出,音乐不仅是为了描绘情感和情绪而创作的,而且与所有艺术形式一样,它有着无限多样的表现形式、主题和研究模式。
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引用次数: 1
The career of metaphor hypothesis and vocality in contemporary music 隐喻假说与当代音乐声乐的发展历程
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2035108
Jason Noble
ABSTRACT The career of metaphor hypothesis advanced by Gentner et al, which describes differences in cognitive processing between metaphors encountered for the first time (novel metaphors) and metaphors encountered frequently (conventional metaphors), is applied to diverse relationships between instrumental music and the voice. A general account of musical metaphors hypothesizes that historical controversies over music’s capacity to communicate extramusical meaning are rooted in the problematic conceptual metaphor Meaning is Content and may be allayed by adopting an alternative, Meaning is Mapping. Historical practices of modelling instrumental performance and composition on the voice (e.g. cantabile, The Singing Style) are conceived as conventional metaphors and various contemporary approaches to voice-based instrumental and electroacoustic composition are conceived as novel metaphors. A brief survey of contemporary practices illustrates some of the ways recent music has exploited vocality with examples from recent repertoire, and points of comparison between conventional and novel approaches to vocality are summarized.
genner等人提出的隐喻生涯假说描述了第一次遇到的隐喻(新隐喻)和经常遇到的隐喻(传统隐喻)之间认知加工的差异,该假说适用于器乐与声音之间的多种关系。关于音乐隐喻的一般解释假设,关于音乐传达音乐外意义的能力的历史争议源于有问题的概念隐喻“意义是内容”,可以通过采用另一种说法“意义是映射”来缓解。以声音为基础的器乐演奏和作曲的历史实践(例如,《歌唱风格》)被认为是传统的隐喻,而各种基于声音的器乐和电声作曲的当代方法被认为是新的隐喻。对当代实践的简要调查说明了最近音乐利用声乐的一些方式,并从最近的曲目中举例,总结了传统和新颖声乐方法之间的比较点。
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引用次数: 0
Structures of bridge-building 桥梁建筑结构
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2031659
W. McCarty
Readers will be aware that ISR publishes both unsolicited submissions and thematic collections. At the last meeting of the Editorial Board, with ISR’s criteria for interdisciplinary research in discussion, one of the members asked what unit is used to determine whether a submission is interdisciplinary, and so whether it qualifies for review. This question proved fruitful, as it raised the matter of the journal’s structure, or I should say, structures, according to which answering the question varies. At the meeting, I responded with a straightforward division into unsolicited submissions and contributions to guest-edited, thematic collections. Pondering further, other interesting problems arise. But first the criteria. For an individual, unsolicited submission, we look for an approach to its research question that attempts to find or negotiate common ground between the author’s native discipline (rarely, disciplines) and at least one other. Merely poaching a technique or result from one field and applying it to a question in another is not merely insufficient but acts on the wrong idea of interdisciplinary research. In other words, interdisciplinary research is crosscultural: it seeks common ground between different intellectual cultures, crucially not assuming but making visible the different assumptions inherent to them. The structure of a thematic issue varies but usually fits one of three kinds. It may be a relatively un-orchestrated collection from diverse perspectives, the theme brought out and discussed by the guest-editor’s initial essay. The next issue, The continuous in motion: Music and/as science, is an example. For the second kind, contributors from different disciplines or specialisms are asked to comment on an essay written beforehand by a senior scholar, who may then reply in an afterword. For the third, contributors respond to the interdisciplinary work of such a scholar (but not in the manner of a Festschrift). Examples of these three kinds are to be found in issues of ISR from the last dozen or so years. The structures I describe, that is, were not invented beforehand but came from proposals, or in at least one case, from an explicitly interdisciplinary lecture series unified by its theme. The problems I’ve called ‘interesting’ have to do precisely with that common ground, or as Marilyn Strathern put it in the title of a book, Commons and Borderlands: Working Papers on Interdisciplinarity, Accountability and the Flow of Knowledge (2004). Three painful truths: professional reward for genuinely interdisciplinary research is rare, understanding of what it entails hard to come by and doing it well exceedingly difficult. Once you eliminate the imperial panoptic illusion, as Stanley Fish instructed (1989) – that from a neutral stance all disciplines can be contemplated and drawn from at will – you are faced with the job of bridge-building, of ‘becoming interdisciplinary’, as I wrote some years ago (2016a, citing excellent writings o
读者将会意识到,ISR出版了未经请求的投稿和主题合集。在编辑委员会的上次会议上,在讨论ISR的跨学科研究标准时,一位成员问用什么单位来确定一篇论文是否跨学科,从而确定它是否有资格进行审查。这个问题被证明是有成效的,因为它提出了杂志结构的问题,或者我应该说,结构,根据回答问题的不同而不同。在会议上,我直截了当地将其分为主动提交的稿件和嘉宾编辑的专题文集。进一步思考,还会出现其他有趣的问题。但首先是标准。对于一个单独的,未经请求的提交,我们寻找一种方法来解决其研究问题,试图在作者的原生学科(很少,学科)和至少一个其他学科之间找到或协商共同点。仅仅从一个领域窃取技术或成果并将其应用于另一个领域的问题不仅是不够的,而且是对跨学科研究的错误观念的行为。换句话说,跨学科研究是跨文化的:它在不同的智力文化之间寻找共同点,关键是不假设而是使它们固有的不同假设可见。主题问题的结构各不相同,但通常符合三种类型之一。这可能是一个从不同角度出发的相对松散的合集,这个主题是由客座编辑最初的文章提出和讨论的。下一期《连续运动:音乐和/作为科学》就是一个例子。对于第二种,来自不同学科或专业的投稿人被要求对一位资深学者事先写的文章进行评论,然后这位学者可能会在后记中回复。对于第三种,贡献者对这样一位学者的跨学科工作做出回应(但不是以一种方式)。这三种类型的例子可以在过去十几年左右的ISR问题中找到。我所描述的结构,也就是说,不是事先发明的,而是来自建议,或者至少在一个案例中,来自一个明确的跨学科讲座系列,由其主题统一。我称之为“有趣”的问题恰恰与这种共同基础有关,或者正如玛丽莲·斯特拉森(Marilyn Strathern)在2004年出版的一本书《公地与边疆:跨学科、问责制和知识流动的工作论文》(Working Papers on interdisciplinary, Accountability and Flow of Knowledge)中所说。三个令人痛苦的事实:真正的跨学科研究很少得到专业奖励,很难理解它需要什么,而且把它做好极其困难。一旦你像斯坦利·费什(Stanley Fish, 1989)所指示的那样——从中立的立场出发,所有学科都可以被随意地思考和借鉴——消除了帝国全景错觉,你就面临着桥梁建设的工作,“成为跨学科”的工作,正如我几年前写的那样(2016a,引用了关于这个主题的优秀著作)。我在这里使用分词形式有两个原因。第一,智力的增长永远不会完成,只有继续或放弃。第二点(考虑到我们现在拥有的资源,实际上是触手可及的)是,旧的方式已经被新的方式所取代。历史学家罗伊·罗森茨威格(Roy Rosenzweig)将其称为“丰富问题”(2011),这不仅是数量的问题,也是使用的问题:如何公平地取样并被理解为这样做?就在我写博士论文的时候
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引用次数: 0
Retraction: Evaluating creativity in contemporary dance: a consensual approach towards research on the practice in China 摘要:当代舞蹈的创造性评价:中国当代舞蹈实践研究的共识取向
IF 1.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-11-25 DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2021.1996066
The Editor-in-Chief and the Publisher are cognisant of evidence that the research had a number of similarities throughout to a previously published paper which had not been properly acknowledged and cross-referenced: Clements, L., E. Redding, N. Lefebvre Sell, and J. May. 2018. “Expertise in Evaluating Choreographic Creativity: An Online Variation of the Consensual Assessment Technique.” Frontiers in Psychology 9:1448. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01448
主编和出版人认识到,有证据表明,该研究与之前发表的一篇没有得到适当承认和交叉引用的论文有许多相似之处:Clements, L., E. Redding, N. Lefebvre Sell和J. May. 2018。“评估编舞创造力的专业知识:共识评估技术的在线变体”。心理学前沿9:14 . 48。doi: 10.3389 / fpsyg.2018.01448
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引用次数: 0
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Interdisciplinary Science Reviews
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