Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2109858
C. Roby
ABSTRACT For Archimedes’ work to have furnished the ‘key theoretical tools’ for the scientific revolution, the texts must have been comprehensible to early modern readers. Yet as Archimedes’ readers and commentators have observed for centuries, his work can be very difficult going indeed. In this chapter, I explore how commentaries and other explanatory texts, like Guidobaldo dal Monte’s 1588 ‘paraphrase’ commentary to Archimedes’ Planes in Equilibrium, can help unfurl the difficulties of Archimedes’ sparse proofs by means of additional explanations and examples that help the reader develop their own ability to follow Archimedes’ reasoning. I give particular attention to insights from contemporary cognitive science into how strategic repetition of information, the materiality of the text, and highlighting connections between mathematics and the material world can all aid in the learning process.
{"title":"Archimedes for the rest of us: Thinking commentary with Guidobaldo dal Monte","authors":"C. Roby","doi":"10.1080/03080188.2022.2109858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03080188.2022.2109858","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT For Archimedes’ work to have furnished the ‘key theoretical tools’ for the scientific revolution, the texts must have been comprehensible to early modern readers. Yet as Archimedes’ readers and commentators have observed for centuries, his work can be very difficult going indeed. In this chapter, I explore how commentaries and other explanatory texts, like Guidobaldo dal Monte’s 1588 ‘paraphrase’ commentary to Archimedes’ Planes in Equilibrium, can help unfurl the difficulties of Archimedes’ sparse proofs by means of additional explanations and examples that help the reader develop their own ability to follow Archimedes’ reasoning. I give particular attention to insights from contemporary cognitive science into how strategic repetition of information, the materiality of the text, and highlighting connections between mathematics and the material world can all aid in the learning process.","PeriodicalId":50352,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Science Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45599950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2109102
J. Høyrup
ABSTRACT This answer to Reviel Netz’s article at first questions his optimism concerning our technological future. After that, it suggests a different role for Archimedes and the other prominent Greek mathematicians than the one claimed by Netz: as providers not of answers but of problems which called for the transformation of the abbacus and cossist algebra tradition, thereby allowing first Viète and then Descartes to create the first level of the new analysis of the seventeenth century (the second level being infinitesimal analysis).
{"title":"Where and how did Archimedes get in? Oblique and labyrinthine reflections","authors":"J. Høyrup","doi":"10.1080/03080188.2022.2109102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03080188.2022.2109102","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This answer to Reviel Netz’s article at first questions his optimism concerning our technological future. After that, it suggests a different role for Archimedes and the other prominent Greek mathematicians than the one claimed by Netz: as providers not of answers but of problems which called for the transformation of the abbacus and cossist algebra tradition, thereby allowing first Viète and then Descartes to create the first level of the new analysis of the seventeenth century (the second level being infinitesimal analysis).","PeriodicalId":50352,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Science Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43870469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2108967
N. Guicciardini
ABSTRACT During the Scientific Revolution, the works of Archimedes played a momentous role. The geometers and natural philosophers of seventeenth-century Europe used Archimedes as a resource for tasks that varied considerably. In this paper, after some introductory remarks, I will consider and contrast the different readings of Archimedes provided by Leibniz and Newton. Leibniz's Archimedes is a precursor of calculus because of his use of exhaustion methods and infinitesimal magnitudes for the calculation of the dimension (area or volume) of curvilinear figures. In Newton's mathematical writings, Archimedes is invoked not to provide a rigorous foundation to the infinitesimal methods of the Moderns, but as an alternative to the symbolic approach to geometry championed by Descartes.
{"title":"The variety of readings of Archimedes in the scientific revolution: Leibniz vs. Newton","authors":"N. Guicciardini","doi":"10.1080/03080188.2022.2108967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03080188.2022.2108967","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT During the Scientific Revolution, the works of Archimedes played a momentous role. The geometers and natural philosophers of seventeenth-century Europe used Archimedes as a resource for tasks that varied considerably. In this paper, after some introductory remarks, I will consider and contrast the different readings of Archimedes provided by Leibniz and Newton. Leibniz's Archimedes is a precursor of calculus because of his use of exhaustion methods and infinitesimal magnitudes for the calculation of the dimension (area or volume) of curvilinear figures. In Newton's mathematical writings, Archimedes is invoked not to provide a rigorous foundation to the infinitesimal methods of the Moderns, but as an alternative to the symbolic approach to geometry championed by Descartes.","PeriodicalId":50352,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Science Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47147280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2108966
L. Daston
ABSTRACT My commentary on Reviel Netz’s essay ‘The Place of Archimedes in World History’ makes three main claims: first, that the argument concerning the probability and improbability is flawed; second, that the argument nonetheless carries the ring of plausibility because of the enormity of the alleged outcome value of the improbable chain of events Netz traces, namely the origins of modernity; and third, that the notion of modernity, although central to the institutionalization of the history of science as a discipline in the mid-twentieth century, is too amorphous and ideologically laden to be of analytical value for the history of science.
{"title":"Winning the modernity lottery: Commentary on Reviel Netz, ‘The place of Archimedes in world history’","authors":"L. Daston","doi":"10.1080/03080188.2022.2108966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03080188.2022.2108966","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT My commentary on Reviel Netz’s essay ‘The Place of Archimedes in World History’ makes three main claims: first, that the argument concerning the probability and improbability is flawed; second, that the argument nonetheless carries the ring of plausibility because of the enormity of the alleged outcome value of the improbable chain of events Netz traces, namely the origins of modernity; and third, that the notion of modernity, although central to the institutionalization of the history of science as a discipline in the mid-twentieth century, is too amorphous and ideologically laden to be of analytical value for the history of science.","PeriodicalId":50352,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Science Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42896503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2130593
Reviel Netz
(The sense of ‘X→ Y’ is ‘X made Y substantially more probable’). I concluded that while (1) has merit and is worth pursuing, it is only (2) which is in fact compelling. I now learned that it would be preferable to curtail (2) further. The curtailment of the consequent is straightforward. Much of the discussion in this volume concerned the difficulties of counterfactual history. I find now that it is intemperate to seek to explain something such as ‘The Industrial Revolution’. This event is messy and multicausal, and quite obviously categorically different from ‘Greek Mathematics’. It is, however, interesting enough to argue
{"title":"Envoi","authors":"Reviel Netz","doi":"10.1080/03080188.2022.2130593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03080188.2022.2130593","url":null,"abstract":"(The sense of ‘X→ Y’ is ‘X made Y substantially more probable’). I concluded that while (1) has merit and is worth pursuing, it is only (2) which is in fact compelling. I now learned that it would be preferable to curtail (2) further. The curtailment of the consequent is straightforward. Much of the discussion in this volume concerned the difficulties of counterfactual history. I find now that it is intemperate to seek to explain something such as ‘The Industrial Revolution’. This event is messy and multicausal, and quite obviously categorically different from ‘Greek Mathematics’. It is, however, interesting enough to argue","PeriodicalId":50352,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Science Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47091442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2121995
K. Chemla
ABSTRACT In this response I argue that Netz' essay adopts nineteenth-century theses on the history of mathematics, one of the uses of which was to highlight an alleged difference between Europe and “the others”. The debasement of certain facets of mathematical work devoted to numbers and computation has played a key role in perpetuating these theses. Such a devaluation applies notably to decimal place-value numeration systems, which Reviel perceives as representing no “significant contribution to mathematical science.” I counter this view by showing the continued theoretical impact that numeration systems of this type have had. I also discuss two historiographic operations that I identify in Reviel's argument and whose use requires revision: selecting and purifying. My conclusion emphasizes how in the post World War II period historians such as Lucien Febvre invited their colleagues to focus, in contrast, on the hybrid character of cultural artefacts.
{"title":"Forward … to the nineteenth century: Historiographic concerns about Reviel Netz’s ‘The Place of Archimedes in World History’","authors":"K. Chemla","doi":"10.1080/03080188.2022.2121995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03080188.2022.2121995","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this response I argue that Netz' essay adopts nineteenth-century theses on the history of mathematics, one of the uses of which was to highlight an alleged difference between Europe and “the others”. The debasement of certain facets of mathematical work devoted to numbers and computation has played a key role in perpetuating these theses. Such a devaluation applies notably to decimal place-value numeration systems, which Reviel perceives as representing no “significant contribution to mathematical science.” I counter this view by showing the continued theoretical impact that numeration systems of this type have had. I also discuss two historiographic operations that I identify in Reviel's argument and whose use requires revision: selecting and purifying. My conclusion emphasizes how in the post World War II period historians such as Lucien Febvre invited their colleagues to focus, in contrast, on the hybrid character of cultural artefacts.","PeriodicalId":50352,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Science Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42561983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2120235
Rivka Feldhay
ABSTRACT The paper presents some reflections concerned with Archimedes’ legacy for the development of physico-mathematics in early modernity. First, I introduce Netz’s main themes concerned with the achievements of two generations of Greek mathematicians in their context, including some comparisons with contemporary non-Greek mathematical cultures. My paper, then, points out the necessary conditions for the historical transmission of Archimedes’ legacy on the one hand, and more generally for the mobility of bodies of knowledge on the other hand. In particular, I elaborate my perception of such transformations while focusing on four parameters for their analysis: (a) Transformations of the objects of knowledge through the gaze, the touch, as well as through linguistic or manual representations; (b) Transformations following a change in the boundaries between domains of knowledge; (c) Transformations related to the authority of particular carriers of knowledge and (d), Tansformations related to the place of knowledge.
{"title":"Archimedes’ legacy for early modern science: Historical-philosophical reflections","authors":"Rivka Feldhay","doi":"10.1080/03080188.2022.2120235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03080188.2022.2120235","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The paper presents some reflections concerned with Archimedes’ legacy for the development of physico-mathematics in early modernity. First, I introduce Netz’s main themes concerned with the achievements of two generations of Greek mathematicians in their context, including some comparisons with contemporary non-Greek mathematical cultures. My paper, then, points out the necessary conditions for the historical transmission of Archimedes’ legacy on the one hand, and more generally for the mobility of bodies of knowledge on the other hand. In particular, I elaborate my perception of such transformations while focusing on four parameters for their analysis: (a) Transformations of the objects of knowledge through the gaze, the touch, as well as through linguistic or manual representations; (b) Transformations following a change in the boundaries between domains of knowledge; (c) Transformations related to the authority of particular carriers of knowledge and (d), Tansformations related to the place of knowledge.","PeriodicalId":50352,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Science Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41805909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-27DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2122788
C. Hauskeller, T. Artinian, Amelia Fiske, Ernesto Schwartz Marin, Osiris Sinuhé González Romero, L. E. Luna, Joseph Crickmore, Peter Sjöstedt-Hughes
{"title":"Decolonization is a metaphor towards a different ethic. The case from psychedelic studies","authors":"C. Hauskeller, T. Artinian, Amelia Fiske, Ernesto Schwartz Marin, Osiris Sinuhé González Romero, L. E. Luna, Joseph Crickmore, Peter Sjöstedt-Hughes","doi":"10.1080/03080188.2022.2122788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03080188.2022.2122788","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50352,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Science Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47827585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-13DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2079214
Sarah Dillon, Jennifer Schaffer-Goddard
ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of a pilot interview study investigating the leisure reading habits of 20 practising AI researchers based in the United Kingdom. The interview analysis yields six areas in which literature plays a role in the field of AI: research focus, career choice, community formation, science communication, ethical thinking, and modelling of sociotechnical futures. These categories are proposed as the basis of a systematic taxonomy of the role of literature in AI research, evidencing literature’s significance in AI laboratory and professional cultures. The paper presents the results of this preliminary investigation in combination with a synthesis of existing evidence in each category of influence. The aim of this hybrid approach is to cohere research and evidence in this relatively new area of study, and to present new findings contextually, in order to provide the foundations for further qualitative and quantitative research.
{"title":"What AI researchers read: the role of literature in artificial intelligence research","authors":"Sarah Dillon, Jennifer Schaffer-Goddard","doi":"10.1080/03080188.2022.2079214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03080188.2022.2079214","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of a pilot interview study investigating the leisure reading habits of 20 practising AI researchers based in the United Kingdom. The interview analysis yields six areas in which literature plays a role in the field of AI: research focus, career choice, community formation, science communication, ethical thinking, and modelling of sociotechnical futures. These categories are proposed as the basis of a systematic taxonomy of the role of literature in AI research, evidencing literature’s significance in AI laboratory and professional cultures. The paper presents the results of this preliminary investigation in combination with a synthesis of existing evidence in each category of influence. The aim of this hybrid approach is to cohere research and evidence in this relatively new area of study, and to present new findings contextually, in order to provide the foundations for further qualitative and quantitative research.","PeriodicalId":50352,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Science Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49607786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/03080188.2022.2035100
Esther Cavett
ABSTRACT The music of English experimental composer Howard Skempton has been described as strangely simple in acknowledgment of its combination of apparent artlessness and subtlety. Drawing on foundational and more recent psychological research on music and emotion, Cavett explores representative examples from Skempton’s approximately 140 piano miniatures, written from his student days in the 1960s until this year. She proposes that Skempton’s music creates a sense of expectation and thus desire through the creation of pattern repetition that is disrupted, only to be later re-engaged with, creating gratification and a sense of being ‘in the moment’. Skempton then responds to Cavett’s interpretation of his music from his unique perspective as the creator of the repertoire under consideration looking back across the trajectory of his creative career.
{"title":"Desire, gratification and the moment: a music analytical and psychological enquiry into the role of repetition in the music of Howard Skempton, with a response by the composer","authors":"Esther Cavett","doi":"10.1080/03080188.2022.2035100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03080188.2022.2035100","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The music of English experimental composer Howard Skempton has been described as strangely simple in acknowledgment of its combination of apparent artlessness and subtlety. Drawing on foundational and more recent psychological research on music and emotion, Cavett explores representative examples from Skempton’s approximately 140 piano miniatures, written from his student days in the 1960s until this year. She proposes that Skempton’s music creates a sense of expectation and thus desire through the creation of pattern repetition that is disrupted, only to be later re-engaged with, creating gratification and a sense of being ‘in the moment’. Skempton then responds to Cavett’s interpretation of his music from his unique perspective as the creator of the repertoire under consideration looking back across the trajectory of his creative career.","PeriodicalId":50352,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Science Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59923523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：