Социодинамика最新文献

{"title":"Leisure practices as a factor of family conflicts (based on the materials of a sociological study in Barnaul)","authors":"A. Akhmedova, Polina Andreevna Vakker, Arina Vladimirovna Zheldakova, M. V. Medvedeva, Denis Ivanovich Gomonov","doi":"10.25136/2409-7144.2024.1.69013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2024.1.69013","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this study is leisure practices as a factor of family conflicts. The relevance of studying the problem of leisure practices as a factor of family conflicts lies in the fact that family leisure has a significant impact on the relationships of family members, can improve relationships if properly organized, or aggravate conflict situations. The practical significance of the study is to increase the awareness of the adult generation about the importance of organizing family leisure, which will reduce the level of conflict in families. To study the influence of leisure practices on the occurrence of conflicts in the family, a methodology was developed and a sociological study was conducted among residents of the city of Barnaul. The study was implemented through a quantitative method of collecting information – a survey in the form of a questionnaire.   In the process of scientific research, the following methods were used: descriptive method; categorization method; analysis method, as well as a survey. To study the influence of leisure practices on the occurrence of conflicts in the family, a methodology was developed and a sociological study was conducted among residents of the city of Barnaul. According to the results of the study on leisure practices as a factor of family conflicts, the following conclusions were made: Firstly, respondents prefer the consumption of different types of content as a form of family leisure. Secondly, respondents spend quite a lot of time organizing family leisure, it is logical that they are often interested in it. Thirdly, respondents believe that the main role of leisure is to strengthen and unite family members. They rarely argue about leisure, and when they argue, it is mainly because of its forms and content. Fourth, the level of conflict in the respondents' families is low. Respondents are more likely to encounter short-term and superficial conflicts, which indicates their desire to maintain close relationships.","PeriodicalId":503817,"journal":{"name":"Социодинамика","volume":"53 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139125400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global social changes: risks for the welfare state","authors":"N. Dekhanova, Y. Kholodenko","doi":"10.25136/2409-7144.2024.1.69248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2024.1.69248","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the fact that globalization, being the most important factor in social dynamics, leads to tectonic shifts in absolutely all spheres of social life. These changes are ambiguous and dual in nature. The purpose of this work is to identify the contradictory nature of the influence of global transformation in the context of recent challenges (COVID 19, increased international economic competition, a complex of economic problems, sanctions policy, political instability) on the scale of inequality in the modern world, the functioning of the institution of the social state, consensus on issues of social cohesion, social justice and social solidarity. The theoretical basis of the article was the work of F. Fukuyama, I. Wallerstein, P. Rosanvallon, G. E. Anderson and others. The interdisciplinary nature of the research within the framework of the identified problems requires the use of both the results of sociological research and a significant amount of international economic statistics. The authors have carried out a comprehensive analysis of the factors of global socio-economic changes that most directly affect the functioning of the modern social state. Based on current sociological and statistical data, the authors prove the complex feasibility and partly even change in the basic principles of the “welfare state” associated with social justice, social cohesion and social solidarity in modern Western European countries, which until recently were considered a standard of high quality and living standards of the population, a developed social support system, and a large middle class. It is concluded that the negative trends of global social changes are unlikely to be changed in the foreseeable future, despite the measures taken by national governments and international institutions aimed at stabilizing the socio-economic situation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503817,"journal":{"name":"Социодинамика","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140518471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The teacher of the future and the teacher’s future in a changing profession.","authors":"N. Boldysheva","doi":"10.25136/2409-7144.2024.1.68962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2024.1.68962","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article presents the results of a sociological study, the subject of which is the process of young teachers starting their professional activity in the context of changing conditions. The purpose of the research is to study how young teachers evaluate the teachers' profession and see their future in the context of ongoing changes. The results obtained during the study include: the impact assessment of the education on the process of entering the profession and the choice of secondary employment; identifying the characteristics of the social interaction of a young teacher with students and their parents, in the context of changes occurring in the profession; proposals for the development of a professional group of teachers; identifying gaps between the professional expectations of young teachers and actual professional activities. The method of this study is interviewing young teachers working in schools in the Moscow region. A total of 64 in-depth telephone interviews were conducted. The novelty of the research lies in the study of the complex social phenomenon of entry and retention of young teachers in schools in the context of the profession’s changes, as well as an acute shortage of teaching staff. Scope of application of the results: the results of the study can become an information base for updating educational programs of universities, creating mechanisms for solving problems of shortage of teaching staff at the regional level, developing the professional community and preserving the teaching profession. The main conclusion of the study is that preserving the teaching profession and teachers in the profession involves abandoning a narrow understanding of rationality based on an economic approach and focusing on the value of teaching work as such.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503817,"journal":{"name":"Социодинамика","volume":"59 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140526099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The health of the population of the region as a systemic object of sociological analysis (results of the pilot study)","authors":"Pavel Petrovich Deriugin, Zhomart Kudaibergenovich Cimptikov, Tat'yana Borisovna Malinina, Vladimir Aleksandrovich Glukhikh","doi":"10.25136/2409-7144.2024.1.69260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2024.1.69260","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The purpose of the study was to identify and study the systemic links between the basic factors of health and mortality in Russian regions based on correlation analysis methods, i.e., to study the relationship between health, morbidity and mortality. The object of the study was the regions of the Central Federal District (16 regions). The choice of this district as an object of study is due, firstly, to the significant population of Russians living in them. Secondly, in the regions of this district, a significant number of social relations significant for the health of the entire Russian society are collectively represented. Thirdly, numerous statistical and scientific research data have been accumulated on the state of health, diseases and mortality in these regions. The subject of the study is to identify the degree of influence of both objective and subjective factors of health, morbidity and mortality in the regions. The article shows that the understanding of the category of health in sociology has gone through several stages of understanding the category: as a combination of intrapersonal physiological and mental phenomena; as a complex of bodily, social and natural living conditions; as a systemic object of research, understood as a result of the interaction of individual and social factors. The results of studies in which health is analyzed as a systemic object of study, as well as the principles of an approach to the study of health as a systemic education, are summarized. The obtained data of the theoretical part of the study were tested in a pilot study, during which, based on correlation analysis, a significant relationship between social factors of health formation, disease prevention and mortality was confirmed. The conclusions of the pilot study showed the expediency of a systematic approach to the analysis and diagnosis of regional health, both in theoretical developments of the problem and in management activities to promote health. The use of the results of the pilot study is relevant for the development of regional health research problems, as well as for the organization of health diagnostics in the activities of administrative and managerial health management organizations.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503817,"journal":{"name":"Социодинамика","volume":"46 5-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140517043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic and political causes for transformations of social policy in the 20th century","authors":"V. Podolskiy","doi":"10.25136/2409-7144.2023.12.69294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2023.12.69294","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyses dynamics of social policy in the 20th century in Germany, Britain, France, Spain, Russia, the USA and China as the largest states, where the largest changes in the field of social security took place. The existing approaches to the typology of social states are considered. The article studies reasons for the formation, changes and organisation of the social security systems, the mutual influence of the different states in the field of social policy. The article presents an assessment of the problems faced by social states, evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of different models of social policy, and overview of changes in models in different countries. Economic and political factors influencing decision-making in the field of social policy, as well as the consequences of social reforms, are analyzed. Analysis of the causes of transformations in social policy is carried out through the study of institutions, regulations, and statistical data. The organization, regulation and modernization of pension and health insurance systems, benefits, allowances and subsidies for certain categories of consumers in the 20th century was caused by large-scale economic and political transformations. Mass industrial production made goods more accessible, and redistribution systems became a tool for balancing the market and ensuring the sustainability of the economy. Democratization and expansion of suffrage, the spread of radical ideologies or changes in political regimes created a demand for means of ensuring social stability, which was supplied by the social programs. The increase in spending on social policy began to create problems for the sustainability of budgets at the end of the 20th century, which led to attempts to limit social programs, but a reduction in spending did not occur due to the political and economic importance that the welfare state has acquired in the 20th century.","PeriodicalId":503817,"journal":{"name":"Социодинамика","volume":"33 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139190648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Transformation in Education: social well-being and adaptation strategies (on the example of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia))","authors":"Akulina E. Zakharova","doi":"10.25136/2409-7144.2023.12.69288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2023.12.69288","url":null,"abstract":"Digitalization creates a new quality of life, new opportunities and new risks for society, prerequisites for a radical transformation of social systems, new challenges and a new digital inequality. And one of the key sectors of the social sphere, which is directly influenced by the introduction of digital technologies, is the field of education. This article presents the results of a sociological study \"The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and big challenges: social well-being, mobility and adaptation strategies\" conducted in 2021-2023 in Yakutia. Special attention is paid to the impact of digitalization of education and the introduction of distance learning formats on the social well-being of the region's population. The study captures the main contradictions that arose during the emergency transfer of the educational process to a remote form of work, local material shows the emerging social contradictions that are formed under the influence of objective differentiation between urban and rural territories. A mass sociological survey was conducted in five socio-economic zones of Yakutia: using a complex of field work: face-to-face, online survey, and a survey involving \"public correspondents\". The study used a multi-stage quota sample of respondents, the sample totaled 1,320 respondents. Among the most tangible consequences of the pandemic, respondents noted an increased level of stress, psychological tension, increased time spent on social networks and on the Internet in general, an increase in financial burden and expenses. Problems related to the implementation of remote work and study, 26.8% of respondents attributed to one of the most tangible consequences of the pandemic.The majority of respondents expressed satisfaction with the state, quality and accessibility of education, about half of the respondents are more or less dissatisfied with the quality of Internet connection in their place of residence. The main determinants of the digital divide between urban and rural areas and the growth of educational inequality are the uneven material and technical equipment and the introduction of digital educational resources, as well as the availability and quality of telecommunications services.","PeriodicalId":503817,"journal":{"name":"Социодинамика","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139189111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The social protection aspect of the subjective assessment of the material security of large and foster families: the results of a comparative qualitative study","authors":"I. Karpikova","doi":"10.25136/2409-7144.2023.12.69372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2023.12.69372","url":null,"abstract":"Modern demographic trends in the field of fertility have led to increased state attention in recent years to issues of social protection of motherhood and childhood, social support for families with children. This trend has resulted in a significant increase in the list and volume of social benefits and other social benefits, and an increase in the number of their recipients. The issue of evaluating the effectiveness of measures taken by the state is becoming increasingly relevant, not only from the standpoint of quantitative statistical indicators, but also by studying the opinion of beneficiaries. The article presents the results of a study aimed at determining subjective assessments of the material security of families with children in connection with their receipt of social protection and support measures. The object of the study is families with children belonging to the categories of large and foster families. By the method of in-depth qualitative interviews, representatives of households of 10 large families and 10 foster families living in large and small cities of the Irkutsk region were interviewed. The author has revealed significant differences in assessments between representatives of different categories of families with children. Large families express dissatisfaction with the following positions: the availability and amount of social benefits; the amount of benefits and the complexity of obtaining them. In conditions of dependence of social benefits on the size of the per capita income of family members, the status of having many children ceases to play a social protection role, not being a significant factor in ensuring the material well-being of the family. On the contrary, foster families note: a significant increase in the amount of payments for the maintenance of foster children and the remuneration of foster parents; an increase in the list and volume of additional social support measures. These measures have made it possible to increase the level of financial security of foster families. Foster parents expressed the need to take into account the needs of foster children not only of a minimal nature, but also related to their development, health maintenance, and additional education. The results obtained made it possible to formulate approaches to solving problems of a social protection nature of the considered categories of families with children. For foster families, it is important to gradually expand measures of social support for foster children based on monitoring needs. In relation to large families, it is necessary to radically change the social protection mechanisms based on the recognition of the status of having many children, which gives the right to receive additional social guarantees.","PeriodicalId":503817,"journal":{"name":"Социодинамика","volume":"50 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139192386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Criteria and factors of digital activism effectiveness: expert assessments","authors":"S. B. Abramova","doi":"10.25136/2409-7144.2023.11.69047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2023.11.69047","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the problem of the effectiveness of digital participation, and sets the goal of defining criteria for measuring it and identifying factors that act as barriers to the implementation and achievement of full results of digital civic initiatives. The diversity of understanding efficiency is revealed in the context of the specifics of social processes and digital communications. It is shown that in the Russian and foreign scientific sociological field has not been formed a wide and substantiated experience and methodology for studying the effectiveness of online forms of civic activism, which determines the relevance of the research topic, as well as the need for a methodological solution to the problem. The empirical basis of the study is a survey of 16 experts in the field of digital activism from 8 federal districts of the Russian Federation conducted. The novelty of the work is related to the typology of the criteria for the effectiveness of digital participation, based on the analysis of expert assessments: effectiveness as effectiveness, effectiveness as the level of activity and involvement of citizens, effectiveness as development (creativity and innovation), social effectiveness and social effects, effectiveness as dialogue and the development of social partnership. Within each type there is a detailed description of the indicators and quotes from experts characterizing this performance indicator. It has been recorded that experts perceive the situation with the development of digital civic participation as dual, in which positive trends collide with barrier factors and conditions. Key factors-barriers have been identified: negative ideas about the effectiveness of digital activism, low awareness of the population about digital technologies and opportunities for participation, formalization and simulation of citizen activity, etc. Taking into account the results obtained, the prospects for future research are related to the study of the social effects of digital activism, identifying criteria for effectiveness in the assessments of the initiators and participants of activism, government officials and the media.","PeriodicalId":503817,"journal":{"name":"Социодинамика","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139305511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-economic aspects of the standard of living of pensioners (On the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan)","authors":"Salavat Khismatovich Kadyrov","doi":"10.25136/2409-7144.2023.11.69090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2023.11.69090","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the material provision of citizens of retirement age and their compliance with real needs. The purpose of this study was to analyze the social challenges of modern pension reform, the subject is the standard of living of pensioners of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The object of the study is pensioners of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The author examines in detail such aspects as the standard of living of pensioners, the real pension size in the Republic of Bashkortostan, the average pension size in the subjects of the Volga Federal District, the level and structure of household income, the health status of pensioners, the problems that cause the greatest concern among residents older than working age living in urban areas, the problems that cause the greatest concern among residents over working age living in rural areas, types of households eligible for social services by age. As a methodological basis of the study, the results of a sample observation of the income of the population and participation in social programs in 2021 and the results of a comprehensive survey of the living conditions of the population in 2021 conducted with the participation of the author were used. As a result, the author concludes that in the conditions of the new pension reform, the social challenge is the low standard of living of pensioners, the growth of whose number in the future will cause the expansion of the social localization of poverty. One of the main results of the study was the identification of the main problems of the standard of living and pension provision in the Republic of Bashkortostan. It is necessary to carry out regular monitoring of the purchasing power of pensions and the total incomes of pensioners. The development of state decisions to improve the level.","PeriodicalId":503817,"journal":{"name":"Социодинамика","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conative component of religious identity of population in border regions of Russia","authors":"S. Maximova, O. Surtaeva, D. Omelchenko, O. Noyanzina, Natalya Yuryevna Atyasova","doi":"10.25136/2409-7144.2023.11.69050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2023.11.69050","url":null,"abstract":"In today's multicultural world, the growing migration exchange transforms the historically established ethno-religious and sociodemographic structure of local communities, which can create the threat of increased inter-group tensions. These threats are particularly acute in border regional societies, where migration processes are characterized by higher intensity and the composition of the population is more heterogeneous, including religious attitudes and practices. The purpose of the study was to analyze the specifics of the conative (behavioral) component of the religious identity of the population of four border regions of Russia (Altai Republic, Tuva Republic, Altai Krai, and Novosibirsk Oblast). Sociological surveys were conducted in 2022 (N = 1862) by means of an online platform. Based on respondents' self-assessments of religiosity and Huber S. the Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS), a typology of respondents' religiosity levels was constructed using a two-step cluster analysis. It has been revealed that the religious behavior in border regions is syncretic and combines both religious rites and actions prescribed by the religion practiced and pseudo-religious practices. Several regional peculiarities were found: the population of Altai Krai and Novosibirsk Oblast is characterized by utilitarian motivation in carrying out religious practices, the religious behavior of the population in the Altai Republic is marked by an eclectic combination of religious and pseudo-religious practices. Religious behavior of the population of the Republic of Tuva is manifested in participation in religious ceremonies prescribed by the professed religion, the desire to consult with the minister of religion and receive his blessing in important situations of life.","PeriodicalId":503817,"journal":{"name":"Социодинамика","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139298110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}