Gematologiya I Transfuziologiya最新文献

Hemopoietic precursor cloning in healthy donors and patients with lymphoproliferative disorders and its regulation in donors by two novel suppressive factors (BSF and ErSF) are investigated. It is shown that the count of erythroid precursors is increased in peripheral blood of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in contrast to the count of granulocyte-macrophage precursors. BSF inhibits entirely granulocyte-macrophage, macrophage and erythrocyte colony growth. In contrast, ErSF abrogates selectively erythroid precursor cell proliferation and differentiation. The role of the above factor in normal hemopoiesis inhibition mechanism during lymphoproliferative diseases are discussed.

Large-cell anaplastic malignant lymphoma of T-type (T-LCAL) as an original form among human non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas in Updated Kiel Classification (1988) was defined. In human pathology T-LCAL presents a considerable diagnostic difficulties and is not associated with HTLV except some cutaneous forms. Comparative examination was carried out in 5 cases of baboon T-LCAL as a part of long-term investigation of the lymphoma outbreak in Sukhumi monkey stock. In tumor-bearing baboons routine morphological methods, immuno-morphological phenotyping of lymphoma cells with panel of MoAT and polyclonal antibodies to T- and B-lymphoid cell antigens and antigens of cell activation, including CD30 antigen, in cell suspension and on cryostate sections were used. STLV-provirus integration in DNA of lymphoma cells in PCR was determined. Diagnostically important morphological features of baboon and human T-LCAL include pronounced anaplasia and anisocytosis of CD30-positive large blast cells, tumour cell tendency to infiltrate sinuses and vascular walls. The presence of T-cell markers (CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8 in our cases) and antigens of cell activation (CD25, HLA-DR) were found. In DNA of baboon lymph node lymphomas (also in the cases without skin involvement) env- and tax-fragments of STLV-1 provirus were detected.

The efficacy of specific and substitute markers of hepatitis C was compared in donor blood screening. 2615 blood donors were examined using two EIA kits for detection of HCV antibodies. The presence of nonspecific markers of non-A non-B hepatitis was also checked. 1.3% of the donors were found to carry HCV antibodies. This necessitates donor blood testing for anti-HCV antibodies using EIA. Such measure reduces three-fold the risk of the virus transmission with blood components and preparations. The preference should be given to more sensitive test systems of the second generation, whereas less sensitive, but more specific, test systems are more valuable for accurate diagnosis and treatment effects assessment in HCV infection. It would be appropriate to perform compulsory examinations for HCV infection in medical staff. This will entail efforts on development of the infection diagnostic verification criteria and preventive measures.

The study performed in Omsk has ascertained that incidence rates of cancer among Omsk hemoblastosis patients are 8.2 times higher than those in normal population (62 cases per 2961 patients versus 25.46 cases per 10,000 normals). Most frequently, cancer develops in lymphoproliferative diseases. Acute leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia, for the most part, arise in females with genital and breast cancer, exposed to radiotherapy. In chronic lymphoid leukemia cancer appears in established hemoblastosis. The combination of tumors with hemoblastosis is recorded with similar frequency at the age over 39, in males and females. Combination of tumors with chronic lymphoid leukemia is attributed to immunodeficiency, typical for patients with lymphoproliferative diseases.