Gematologiya I Transfuziologiya最新文献

Immune status in relation to tumor progression was evaluated in 175 patients with chronic myeloproliferative diseases. 113 of them had chronic myeloid leukemia, 62 chronic subleukemic myelosis. It was established that immunologic reactivity decline correlated with the rate of tumor progression. The degree of immune deficiency should be taken into consideration in selection of patients for immunotherapy.

Hemostasis was studied in 373 oilmen aged 20-40 working according to expedition schedules. Control subjects were not engaged in expeditions. Expedition labor was found to cause hypercoagulemia with parallel decline in anticoagulant activity. Vascular wall ability to release anticoagulants and fibrinolysis activators in the blood stream appeared inhibited. Platelet count in the peripheral blood, platelet aggregation, platelet factor III activity were increased. The duration of expedition service and phases of working cycle seem to affect hemostatic parameters.

The previously established fact of low activity of Ca, Mg-dependent endonucleolysis of cell nucleus DNA in lymphoproliferative diseases (CME-activity) brought the authors to study intranuclear characteristics of lymphoid cells in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The intensity of DNA-endonucleolysis was measured in 0.7% agarose gel using electrophoresis. Peripheral blood and bone marrow samples from 13 untreated ALL patients and 23 children in remission were examined. The age of the patients ranged from 4 to 14 years. CME-activity before treatment appeared to be 2-10 times less than normal in 8 out of 13 patients. In bone marrow cell nuclei CME-activity was universally reduced 3-20-fold. In ALL remission endonuclease activity in blood and bone marrow cells returned to normal.

The authors summarize clinical evidence obtained on the efficacy of a new Russian cryoprotector hecmolit in the conduction of autotransplantation of 8 patients with acute leukemia. The markers of the preserved hemopoietic potential of the unfrozen bone marrow were the amount of myelokaryocytes, their viability in the test with vital stain, CFU-GM level. Infusions of the marrow suspension incorporating hecmolit (120-180 ml) produced minimaL side effects. After thawing myelokaryocytes remained in the amount 81.7 +/- 8.2% or 1.6 +/- 0.4 x 10(8) cell / kg, on the average. Estimation of the aggregates in terms of the weight revealed that hemopoietic potential was sufficient for the transplant survival (2.9 +/- 0.7 x 10(3) CFU-GM/kg) though only 50 +/- 10% of CFU-GM remained safe. Hecmolit tolerance was satisfactory. The preparation is thought convenient for bone marrow transplantation practice.

The first 10 bone marrow transplantations (BMT), 6 of the allogenic (allo-BMT) and 4 autologous (auto-BMT) were performed from February to June 1994 in Byelarus Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation. Two of the patients were experiencing the first complete remission of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), one of them - the first ALL recurrence, three patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia had the first complete remission, four patients had a chronic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia. In auto-BMT bone marrow (BM) was stored in liquid hydrogen after programmed freezer. An average yield of nucleated cells (NC) after taking and separation of allo-BM made up 3.0 x 10(8) cell/kg and 2.7 x 10(8) cell/kg in auto-BMT. After thawing of BM NC yield reached 1.5 x 10(8) cell/kg (0.8-2.3) x 10(8) cell/kg. CFU concentrations persisted at 24.7 x 10(4) (5.0-40.4) x 10(4) cell/kg body weight. The mean duration of leukocyte, neutrophil and platelet rise to the levels of over 1.0 x 10(9)/l, 0.5 x 10(9)/l, 20 x 10(9) cell/l, respectively, and the last time red cells were transfused were 23 (19-33), 23 (19-31), 22 (9-51), 4.5 (0-19), respectively. One ALL (first complete remission) patient died on day 52 after allo BMT of severe hepatic venous-occlusive disease. The other ALL patient (the first relapse) developed another relapse on day 112 after BMT. The rest 8 patients are in satisfactory condition.

The liver is the leading hemopoietic organ of 5-22-week embryo and fetus. Hepatic hemopoiesis activity is assessed by concentration, total count and proliferative capacity of granulomonocytic cell precursors (GMCP). Cloning efficacy (GMCP CE) in the liver of 7 fetuses of 16-22 weeks of gestation was evaluated in vitro. Growth factor sources were: healthy subjects (fider), medium conditioned by the umbilical cord, granulocytic-macrophagal colony-stimulating factor (GM CSF), interleukin-3 (IL-3) (Shering Plough), GM CSF+IL-3, serum from patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. Morphological and cytochemical examination of the colonies was performed. There appeared different sensitivity of GMCP of the liver to growth factors. The highest CE (40.8 +/- 5.4 per 2.5 x 10(5) cells) was found in the usage of GM CSF and GM CSF+IL-3. The colonies reached 200-500 cells. Low CE occurred after addition to the culture of IL-3 evidencing for minor sensitivity of liver GMCP to this growth factor. Total count of GMCP in the liver was 43.8-146 x 10(4). Numerous GMCP and predominance of large granulomonocytic colonies in the cultures indicate enhanced activity of GMCP in the livers of 16,822 week fetuses. However, GMCP concentration in the above fetuses was 2 times lower than in the marrow of a child with normal hemopoiesis. The discussion covers the adequacy of transplantation to one child with body weight 20-50 kg of the cells obtained from the liver of one fetus 15-20 weeks old.