Gematologiya I Transfuziologiya最新文献

Anti-C, -Ce, -CD sera and monoclonal anti-C-antibodies with red cells varying by Rh-phenotypes comprising antigen C(w) have been studied. Four Rh-negative volunteer donors were reimmunized with antigens C and C(w). As shown by reactions of anti-C-sera, monoclonal antibodies anti-C with C(w)-positive cells, results of immunisation of the Rh-negative donors with antigen C(w) of Rh system, red cels containing Rh antigen C(w) contain also factor rh(C).

The study of bone marrow hemopoiesis, the count of hemopoietic precursor cells, bone marrow structural and functional organization, the level of humoral stimulators and secretion by hemopoiesis-inducing microenvironment (HIM) cells following a single injection of 5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide or adriamycin has found out that cytostatic-related changes in hemopoiesis recovery depend primarily on relationships between proliferation and differentiation of hemopoietic cells. These relationships are dictated by the state of HIM cells. Enhanced functional activity of HIM elements in response to hemopoietic tissue damage caused by adriamycin or cyclophosphamide promotes rapid hemopoiesis regeneration. At the same time, 5-fluorouracil gave rise to prolonged bone marrow hypoplasia, severe disorder of microenvironment cell function.

The effects of eight plant lectins on human neutrophils aggregation and H2O2 release were studied. Both processes were stimulated by lectins from Viscum album, Triticum vulgaris, Phaseolus vulgaris and Canavalia ensiformis while lectins from Solanum tuberosum, Sambucus nigra and Glycine mas displayed only aggregating activity and Arachis hypogaea lectin was not effective. Heating (46 degrees C) and UV-radiation during 4-5 min were found to suppress completely H2O2 release from neutrophils keeping the capacity of cells to be aggregated. The findings indicate that lectin-induced human neutrophils aggregation is necessary but not sufficient condition of respiratory burst of cells. The comparison of the aggregating activity of lectins with their ability to induce the H2O2 release is supposed to be the basis of screening of lectins with antitumor and immunomodulatory activity.

Fractionated phospholipids (PL) from soya beans were tried as partial thromboplastin (PT) in the activated partial thromboplastin time test. PL fractions were investigated for content of individual phospholipid classes, acidity and procoagulant activity as were PT from human brain and chromatographically pure PL. Procoagulant activity of phospholipid mixtures is higher than that of chromatographically pure PL and is unrelated to PL variety. Soya PL mixtures with human brain PT demonstrating high procoagulant activity are characterized by 0.3-0.8 ratio of total acid to total neutral PL and acid number 40-60 mg KOH. Isolated from soya PL procoagulants accelerate clotting of plasma from healthy subjects 2.2-fold being just a little less active than brain PL. This makes the above procoagulants usable as test-reagent for evaluation of hemostasis.

Radiation-induced effects were studied in leukocytes from 300 males 5-6 years after the Chernobyl accident. Radiation dose received ranged from 5 to 100 sGy. Leukocyte composition of blood was determined in blood smears stained according to Pappenheim and at flow cytometry on Facs tar laser cell sorter. Compared to controls, the majority of the patients had moderate relative and absolute lymphocytosis, eosinophilia and neutrophilopenia. Nuclear structure was changed more frequently in lymphocytes and neutrophils from the exposed subjects, especially in those who had received large dose. The findings evidence that 5-6 years after radiation accident the exposed subjects develop quantitative and qualitative shifts in leukocytes suggesting probable radiation effects on genetic system of the baseline hemopoietic cells.