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Hybrid Vesicular Nanosystems Based on Lipids and Polymers Applied in Therapy, Theranostics, and Cosmetics. 基于脂质和聚合物的杂化囊泡纳米系统在治疗、治疗学和化妆品中的应用。
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2020030671
Natália Ruben Castro, Cristal S C Pinto, Elisabete P Santos, Claudia Regina E Mansur

Nanotechnology has made great contributions in the development of materials with potential application in different areas, especially in the pharmaceutical sector, where nano-systems are being intensely studied for controlled drug release. These innovative systems are composed of structures such as nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, and cyclodextrins, with the aim of promoting enhanced bioavailability of bioactive molecules. Among these nanocarriers, vesicles such as liposomes and polymersomes are considered to be promising alternatives in delivering hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. They have different classifications according to their composition, among which are hybrid vesicles, which unlike liposomes are composed of both lipids and polymers. These vesicular systems stand out for combining the advantages of both components, overcoming the limitations of traditional systems imposed by low stability and premature release of the encapsulated active substance. The polymers applied in hybrid vesicles can make up the membrane structure itself or be employed to coat preformed vesicles. Due to the relevance of these systems, this work covers their characteristics and summarizes recent articles about them in the literature.

纳米技术在开发具有潜在应用前景的材料方面做出了巨大贡献,特别是在制药领域,纳米系统正在被广泛研究以控制药物释放。这些创新系统由纳米颗粒、纳米乳液和环糊精等结构组成,旨在提高生物活性分子的生物利用度。在这些纳米载体中,脂质体和聚合体等囊泡被认为是输送亲水和亲脂药物的有希望的替代品。它们根据组成有不同的分类,其中有杂化囊泡,它与脂质体不同,是由脂质和聚合物组成的。这些囊泡系统结合了两种成分的优点,克服了传统系统稳定性低和被封装活性物质过早释放的限制。应用于杂化囊泡的聚合物可自行构成膜结构或用于包覆预成型囊泡。由于这些系统的相关性,本工作涵盖了它们的特点,并总结了最近在文献中关于它们的文章。
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引用次数: 4
Clinical Applications of Nanosized Drug-Delivery Systems in Lung Cancer Imaging and Therapy. 纳米给药系统在肺癌成像和治疗中的临床应用。
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2020031657
Merve Karpuz, Mine Silindir-Gunay, Asuman Yekta Ozer

Globally, lung cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed and deadliest types of cancer. Lung cancer imaging can be performed using both invasive and noninvasive techniques, including magnetic resonance, positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, chest radiography, and computed tomography. But nonspecific contrast agents and radiopharmaceuticals are insufficient for early and specific diagnoses and imaging. In the case of lung cancer therapy, conventional therapeutic agents and radiotherapy may cause severe and systemic adverse and toxic effects and fail to eradicate all tumor tissue. Therefore, formulation of novel, targeted, and specific agents is critically important to overcome these challenges. In this review, we summarize lung cancer classification, current methods for lung cancer imaging and therapy, and future options containing nanosized systems for lung cancer imaging and/or therapy.

在全球范围内,肺癌是最常见和最致命的癌症类型之一。肺癌成像可以使用侵入性和非侵入性技术进行,包括磁共振、正电子发射断层扫描、单光子发射计算机断层扫描、胸部x线摄影和计算机断层扫描。但非特异性造影剂和放射性药物不足以进行早期和特异性诊断和成像。在肺癌治疗中,传统的治疗药物和放疗可能会引起严重的全身不良和毒性作用,并不能根除所有的肿瘤组织。因此,新型的、有针对性的、特异的制剂对于克服这些挑战至关重要。在这篇综述中,我们总结了肺癌的分类,目前肺癌成像和治疗的方法,以及未来肺癌成像和/或治疗的纳米系统的选择。
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引用次数: 4
Nail Psoriasis Treatment: Insights into Current Progress and Future Trends. 指甲牛皮癣治疗:洞察当前进展和未来趋势。
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2020029259
Pradip Nirbhavane, Gajanand Sharma, Supriya Verma, Rajesh Singh Jadon, Bhupinder Singh, Om Parkash Katare

Nail psoriasis is a chronic condition which causes pain and functional impairment; thus, it restricts the activities of daily living and worsens the quality of life. Different chemotherapeutic options are available for treating nail psoriasis such as systemic, intralesional, and topical therapies. However, current chemotherapy suffers from several limitations and to overcome them, new advancements are being made worldwide. Various reports have been published on current progress in the treatment of nail psoriasis such as clinical efficacy studies of novel antipsoriatic agents and novel formulation strategies for current chemotherapy. There are several novel nail formulations for the treatment of nail disorders, particularly onychomycosis, such as vesicular colloidal structure (liposomes, niosomes, transfersomes, ethosomes, etc.) and nonvesicular colloidal structures (nano-emulgel, nanocapsules, thermosensitive gel, etc.) These formulations can also prove beneficial for the treatment of nail psoriasis, and will be heavily explored in the near future. This review provides a brief introduction to the disease, its pathogenesis, and its treatment modalities. The review also throws light onto progress and future perspectives in nail psoriasis treatment.

指甲牛皮癣是一种慢性疾病,会导致疼痛和功能损害;因此,它限制了日常生活活动,降低了生活质量。不同的化疗方案可用于治疗指甲银屑病,如全身、局部和局部治疗。然而,目前的化疗有一些局限性,为了克服这些局限性,世界范围内正在取得新的进展。关于甲银屑病治疗的最新进展,如新型抗银屑病药物的临床疗效研究和当前化疗的新配方策略等,已经发表了各种各样的报道。目前有几种新型的指甲制剂用于治疗指甲疾病,特别是甲真菌病,如水疱状胶体结构(脂质体、乳质体、转移体、脂质体等)和非水疱状胶体结构(纳米乳液、纳米胶囊、热敏凝胶等),这些制剂也可以证明对甲牛皮癣的治疗有益,并将在不久的将来进行大量探索。本文简要介绍了该病的发病机制和治疗方法。本文还对甲癣治疗的进展和未来前景进行了展望。
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引用次数: 3
Nanoparticle-Loaded Oral Fast-Dissolving Film: New Realistic Approach of Prospective Generation in Drug Delivery - A Review 纳米颗粒负载的口服快速溶解膜:前瞻性药物传递的新现实方法综述
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2020034002
S. Muruganantham, R. Kandasamy, S. Alagarsamy
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引用次数: 0
Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SEDDS): An Emerging Dosage Form to Improve the Bioavailability of Poorly Absorbed Drugs. 自乳化给药系统(SEDDS):一种提高吸收不良药物生物利用度的新剂型。
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2020033111
Sonia Singh, Meenakshi Bajpai, Pradeep Mishra

The main objective of drug(s) formulation is to enhance the bioavailability of the drug within the body. Some of the challenging issues associated with poorly water-soluble drugs concern solubility and bioavailability factors. To overcome these problems, new technologies, such as lipid-based drug delivery systems including micro or nano emulsifying drug delivery system, have gained importance in recent years, due to their enhanced solubility and bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract. Such systems are incorporated or solubilized within the lipid excipients or mixed with oils or surfactants/co-solvents to facilitate the solubility and absorption rate, which can enhance the bioavailability of the targeted drug. This review provides a comprehensive summary about the properties, factors affecting formulations, excipients, formulation techniques, and characterization of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems. It also focuses on the new approaches concerned with SEDDS.

药物制剂的主要目的是提高药物在体内的生物利用度。与水溶性差的药物相关的一些具有挑战性的问题涉及溶解度和生物利用度因素。为了克服这些问题,近年来以脂质为基础的药物传递系统(包括微纳米乳化药物传递系统)因其在胃肠道中的溶解度和生物利用度提高而变得越来越重要。这样的系统被掺入或溶解在脂质赋形剂中,或与油或表面活性剂/助溶剂混合,以促进溶解度和吸收率,从而可以增强靶向药物的生物利用度。本文综述了自乳化给药系统的性质、影响配方的因素、赋形剂、配方技术和表征。它还侧重于与SEDDS有关的新方法。
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引用次数: 8
Reassessment of Therapeutic Applications of Carbon Nanotubes: A Majestic and Futuristic Drug Carrier. 碳纳米管治疗应用的再评估:一种宏伟和未来的药物载体。
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2020032570
Bharti Mangla, Shamama Javed, Kanchan Kohli, Aarif Ahsan, Waquar Ahsan

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been identified as one of the most advanced and versatile nanovectors, theranostics, and futuristic drug delivery tools for highly effective delivery of genes, drugs, and biomolecules, as well as for use in bioimaging and as biosensors. CNTs have drawn tremendous attention and interest from researchers worldwide in the past two decades owing to a number of unique characteristics including well defined physicochemical properties, large surface area, in addition to exclusive electrical and optical properties. Numerous recent literature related to the design and applications of CNTs were studied and summarized accordingly. Special emphasis was given for the applications of CNTs in drug targeting. Specific targeting of anticancer drugs such as cisplatin, doxorubicin, taxol, gemcitabine, and methotrexate, and delivery of small interfering RNA, micro-RNA, as well as plasmid DNA have been successfully assisted using CNTs. All the major applications of CNTs were summarized in detail with possible toxicity concerns associated with them. As far as their toxicity is concerned, it was noticed that the functionalized CNTs pose little toxicity and do not have immunogenic effects. In conclusion, CNTs showed great potential in developing a new generation of carriers for various drugs and related biomolecules. The application of CNTs ranges from physics to chemistry and now they are expanding their roles in the therapeutic drug delivery in the modern healthcare system. With applications in every imaginable route of administration, CNTs bring therapeutic benefits to society. The pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and clinical efficacy of CNTs is explored in detail in this review.

碳纳米管(CNTs)已被确定为最先进和通用的纳米载体之一,治疗学和未来的药物递送工具,用于高效地递送基因,药物和生物分子,以及用于生物成像和生物传感器。在过去的二十年中,碳纳米管由于具有明确的物理化学性质、较大的表面积以及独特的电学和光学性质等一系列独特的特性,引起了全世界研究人员的极大关注和兴趣。本文对近年来大量与碳纳米管的设计和应用相关的文献进行了研究和总结。特别强调了碳纳米管在药物靶向中的应用。抗癌药物如顺铂、阿霉素、紫杉醇、吉西他滨和甲氨蝶呤的特异性靶向,以及小干扰RNA、微RNA和质粒DNA的递送已经成功地使用了碳纳米管。详细总结了碳纳米管的所有主要应用及其可能的毒性问题。就其毒性而言,我们注意到功能化的碳纳米管毒性很小,不具有免疫原性作用。综上所述,CNTs在开发各种药物和相关生物分子的新一代载体方面具有很大的潜力。碳纳米管的应用范围从物理到化学,现在它们正在扩大其在现代医疗保健系统中治疗性药物输送中的作用。CNTs应用于各种可想象的给药途径,为社会带来治疗益处。本综述详细探讨了碳纳米管的药学、生物药学、药代动力学、药效学和临床疗效。
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引用次数: 2
Nanoparticles as Adjuvants in Vaccine Delivery. 纳米颗粒作为疫苗递送佐剂。
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2020033273
Anuj Garg, Hitesh Kumar Dewangan

Nanotechnology provides an excellent platform for the development of a new generation of vaccines. These are based on purified subunit proteins or polysaccharides, recombinant proteins, synthetic peptides, or nucleic acids. These types of vaccines may be insufficiently immunogenic, thus requiring adjuvants that augment their immunogenicity. Nanoparticles (NPs) can act as adjuvants for vaccines, hence they are referred to as a nano-adjuvant (NA). NPs can either encapsulate or adsorb the vaccine antigen or DNA in an appropriate formulation, thus increasing stability, cellular uptake, and immunogenicity. In addition, the biodistribution and systemic release of a vaccine can also be controlled by different NA formulations. This review provides an overview of the classification of NAs and also addresses factors influencing the stability, release, and immunogenicity of the formulated vaccine. A basic understanding of these factors enables a more rational design of NA formulations. Applications of NAs and key challenges in their formulation development are also discussed.

纳米技术为开发新一代疫苗提供了一个极好的平台。这些是基于纯化的亚基蛋白或多糖、重组蛋白、合成肽或核酸。这些类型的疫苗可能免疫原性不足,因此需要佐剂来增强其免疫原性。纳米颗粒(NPs)可以作为疫苗佐剂,因此它们被称为纳米佐剂(NA)。NPs可以包封或以适当的配方吸附疫苗抗原或DNA,从而增加稳定性、细胞摄取和免疫原性。此外,疫苗的生物分布和全身释放也可以通过不同的NA配方来控制。本文综述了NAs的分类,并讨论了影响配方疫苗稳定性、释放性和免疫原性的因素。对这些因素的基本了解有助于更合理地设计NA配方。讨论了NAs的应用及其配方开发中的关键挑战。
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引用次数: 22
Polysaccharides against Viruses: Immunostimulatory Properties and the Delivery of Antiviral Vaccines and Drugs. 抗病毒多糖:免疫刺激特性和抗病毒疫苗和药物的递送。
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2019027229
Guy-Alain Junter, Carole Karakasyan

Because viruses still represent a significant threat to human and animal health worldwide, the development of effective weapons against viral infections remains a top priority for the biopharmaceutical industry. This article reviews the dietary and pharmaceutical applications of polysaccharides (PS), first of all chitosan, in the prevention and treatment of viral diseases, focusing more particularly on solid or gel micro/nanoparticulate systems. The intrinsic antiviral activity of PS and their immunostimulatory effects, implemented in animal and human diets, are first surveyed. Then the review discusses the potential of PS-based particles as carriers of antiviral drugs and vaccines, with emphasis on the adjuvant potency of PS in solid vaccine formulations. The gap between the abundance of academic studies in this area and the lack of actual antiviral formulations dispensed to human patients is underlined, notwithstanding a number of branded products on the market.

由于病毒在世界范围内仍然对人类和动物健康构成重大威胁,因此开发对抗病毒感染的有效武器仍然是生物制药行业的首要任务。本文综述了多糖(PS),首先是壳聚糖,在预防和治疗病毒性疾病方面的饮食和药物应用,重点介绍了固体或凝胶微/纳米颗粒系统。本文首次调查了PS内在的抗病毒活性及其在动物和人类饲料中的免疫刺激作用。然后讨论了基于PS的颗粒作为抗病毒药物和疫苗载体的潜力,重点介绍了PS在固体疫苗制剂中的佐剂效力。尽管市场上有许多品牌产品,但这一领域学术研究的丰富与实际配给人类患者的抗病毒配方的缺乏之间的差距是突出的。
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引用次数: 7
Recent Advances in Herbal Drug Nanocarriers against Cervical Cancer 中药纳米载体抗宫颈癌研究进展
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2020034170
M. Damani, Krishna Baxi, C. Aranha, S. Sawarkar
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引用次数: 5
A Review on Applications of Vitamin B12 as Therapeutic Carrier in Drug Delivery 维生素B12作为治疗性载体在药物传递中的应用综述
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2020034305
R. Garg, Anuj Garg
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems
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