Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65452
N. Zaghba, Z. Benmerzouq, H. Benjelloun, K. Chaanoun, N. Yassine
Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is an uncommon neoplasm of plasma cells with an aggressive clinical course and a poor outcome, even with the current standard of care. It can occur either de novo (primary PCL) or as a progression of multiple myeloma (MM). This disease has unique diagnostic criteria, but certain genetic markers and clinical features may overlap with multiple myeloma (MM). Due to the low prevalence of PCL, guidelines on its management are extrapolated from the management of MM and are based on small retrospective studies and case reports/series. We report the case of a sixty-nine-year-old man referred to the hematology department for the diagnosis of pPCL, revealed by thoracic plasmacytomas mimicking a thoracic neoplasm. The diagnostic approach, management, and outcomes of PCL are discussed.
{"title":"A Case Report on Plasma Cell Leukemia Presenting as a Chest Wall Mass","authors":"N. Zaghba, Z. Benmerzouq, H. Benjelloun, K. Chaanoun, N. Yassine","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65452","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is an uncommon neoplasm of plasma cells with an aggressive clinical course and a poor outcome, even with the current standard of care. It can occur either de novo (primary PCL) or as a progression of multiple myeloma (MM). This disease has unique diagnostic criteria, but certain genetic markers and clinical features may overlap with multiple myeloma (MM). Due to the low prevalence of PCL, guidelines on its management are extrapolated from the management of MM and are based on small retrospective studies and case reports/series. We report the case of a sixty-nine-year-old man referred to the hematology department for the diagnosis of pPCL, revealed by thoracic plasmacytomas mimicking a thoracic neoplasm. The diagnostic approach, management, and outcomes of PCL are discussed.","PeriodicalId":506708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"44 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141113521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-18DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65451
Sebastião Kauã de Sousa Bispo, Alex Patrick Oliveira da Silva, Natasha Cristina Oliveira Andrade, Karina Faine da Silva Freitas, Yasmin Martins de Sousa, Danielle Etienne de Oliveira Bezerra Lima, Ana Maria Dias Corrêa dos Santos, T. D. N. Soares, Suziane do Socorro dos Santos, Marcela Raíssa Asevedo Dergan, Gal Caroline Alho Lobão, Milena Silva dos Santos Magalhães, Perla Katheleen Valente Corrêa, Mayara Annanda Oliveira Neves Kimura, J. S. Freitas, D. Sardinha
Cervical cancer is a significant global health issue affecting both developing and industrialised countries. Annually, over 500,000 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer, resulting in more than 300,000 deaths worldwide. Notably, around 90% of cervical cancer cases occur in low- and middle-income countries that lack organised HPV screening and vaccination programs. The condition is commonly known as the 'disease of disparity' due to the significant difference in incidence and mortality rates between low- and middle-income countries and high-income countries. The objective of this review is to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cervical cancer, based on a narrative literature review. Experts in global gynecological health have reported that cervical cancer screening programs, already scarce in low- and middle-income countries, have been severely impacted by COVID-19 and cuts in UK foreign aid. The pandemic has caused delays in diagnosis due to the interruption of health services by COVID-19 control measures, as well as affecting the follow-up and treatment of women who have already been diagnosed. Following the pandemic restrictions, incidence and mortality rates have increased due to the failure of pap smear screening. The lack of screening services has disproportionately affected women who are most vulnerable due to social factors. In the long term, this may have a greater impact on low- and middle-income countries.
{"title":"COVID-19 Pandemic and Impacts on Cervical Cancer Screening and Treatment Programs: A Narrative Review","authors":"Sebastião Kauã de Sousa Bispo, Alex Patrick Oliveira da Silva, Natasha Cristina Oliveira Andrade, Karina Faine da Silva Freitas, Yasmin Martins de Sousa, Danielle Etienne de Oliveira Bezerra Lima, Ana Maria Dias Corrêa dos Santos, T. D. N. Soares, Suziane do Socorro dos Santos, Marcela Raíssa Asevedo Dergan, Gal Caroline Alho Lobão, Milena Silva dos Santos Magalhães, Perla Katheleen Valente Corrêa, Mayara Annanda Oliveira Neves Kimura, J. S. Freitas, D. Sardinha","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65451","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical cancer is a significant global health issue affecting both developing and industrialised countries. Annually, over 500,000 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer, resulting in more than 300,000 deaths worldwide. Notably, around 90% of cervical cancer cases occur in low- and middle-income countries that lack organised HPV screening and vaccination programs. The condition is commonly known as the 'disease of disparity' due to the significant difference in incidence and mortality rates between low- and middle-income countries and high-income countries. The objective of this review is to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cervical cancer, based on a narrative literature review. Experts in global gynecological health have reported that cervical cancer screening programs, already scarce in low- and middle-income countries, have been severely impacted by COVID-19 and cuts in UK foreign aid. The pandemic has caused delays in diagnosis due to the interruption of health services by COVID-19 control measures, as well as affecting the follow-up and treatment of women who have already been diagnosed. Following the pandemic restrictions, incidence and mortality rates have increased due to the failure of pap smear screening. The lack of screening services has disproportionately affected women who are most vulnerable due to social factors. In the long term, this may have a greater impact on low- and middle-income countries.","PeriodicalId":506708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"121 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141125169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-18DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65450
Sukhraj Kaur, R. Kapahi, I. Grover, Ritu Sharma, P. Sandhu
Introduction: Epigenetic is study of changes in gene expression that occur by changing the DNA methylation and remodeling chromatin. It may also be affected by the environment. It is an important pathogenic mechanisms in complex multifactorial diseases such as type two diabetes. Recent genome-wide association studies have identified a number of genetic variants that explain some of the inter individual variation in diabetes susceptibility. Thus keeping in view, the role of epigenetic mechanisms particularly DNA methylation, the present study was conducted to find out DNA methylation (Whole DNA) in offsprings of individuals with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: For the present study, the families of one hundred Diabetic individuals were enrolled. All the off springs of diabetics above the age of 18 years were recruited for the present study. All the samples collected were analyzed for Fasting plasma glucose, Glycosylated Hemoglobin, Lipid profile complete and DNA methylation (5mcytosine). Results: The study included 100 diabetic individuals and their off springs in the age range of 18-35 years. DNA methylation measured as 5mc% was significantly (p<0.001) more in IFG and Diabetic offsprings as compared to normal individuals both males and females. Conclusions: Altered DNA Methylation in individuals of the age group 18-24 years indicates towards deranged metabolism in these individuals, leading to impaired fasting glucose and making them more prone to type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its complications at a later age.
简介 表观遗传学研究通过改变 DNA 甲基化和重塑染色质来改变基因表达。它也可能受到环境的影响。在复杂的多因素疾病（如二型糖尿病）中，表观遗传是一种重要的致病机制。最近的全基因组关联研究发现了一些基因变异，它们可以解释糖尿病易感性的一些个体间差异。因此，考虑到表观遗传机制，特别是 DNA 甲基化的作用，本研究旨在了解 2 型糖尿病患者后代的 DNA 甲基化（全 DNA）情况。研究方法在本研究中，100 个糖尿病患者的家庭被纳入研究范围。本研究招募了所有 18 岁以上糖尿病患者的后代。收集的所有样本都进行了空腹血浆葡萄糖、糖化血红蛋白、血脂全谱和 DNA 甲基化（5mcytosine）分析。结果研究对象包括 100 名年龄在 18-35 岁之间的糖尿病患者及其后代。与正常人（男性和女性）相比，IFG 和糖尿病后代的 DNA 甲基化（5mc%）显著增加（p<0.001）。结论18-24 岁年龄组的 DNA 甲基化改变表明这些人的新陈代谢失调，导致空腹血糖受损，使他们更容易在晚年患上 2 型糖尿病及其并发症。
{"title":"Study of DNA Methylation in Offsprings of Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Sukhraj Kaur, R. Kapahi, I. Grover, Ritu Sharma, P. Sandhu","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65450","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Epigenetic is study of changes in gene expression that occur by changing the DNA methylation and remodeling chromatin. It may also be affected by the environment. It is an important pathogenic mechanisms in complex multifactorial diseases such as type two diabetes. Recent genome-wide association studies have identified a number of genetic variants that explain some of the inter individual variation in diabetes susceptibility. Thus keeping in view, the role of epigenetic mechanisms particularly DNA methylation, the present study was conducted to find out DNA methylation (Whole DNA) in offsprings of individuals with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. \u0000Methods: For the present study, the families of one hundred Diabetic individuals were enrolled. All the off springs of diabetics above the age of 18 years were recruited for the present study. All the samples collected were analyzed for Fasting plasma glucose, Glycosylated Hemoglobin, Lipid profile complete and DNA methylation (5mcytosine). \u0000Results: The study included 100 diabetic individuals and their off springs in the age range of 18-35 years. DNA methylation measured as 5mc% was significantly (p<0.001) more in IFG and Diabetic offsprings as compared to normal individuals both males and females. \u0000Conclusions: Altered DNA Methylation in individuals of the age group 18-24 years indicates towards deranged metabolism in these individuals, leading to impaired fasting glucose and making them more prone to type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its complications at a later age.","PeriodicalId":506708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"104 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141124728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-18DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65449
M. S, Krishna Kumar M
Background: Cefpodoxime's prodrug form was absorbed and de-esterified by enterocytes to release the active metabolite, and it shows good In vitro activity against bacterial pathogens causing common RTIs. It was unknown, nevertheless, how clinicians considered about cefpodoxime. Objective: To gather expert opinion on the use of cefpodoxime in the management of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in Indian settings. Methodology: The cross-sectional survey utilized a 19-item, multiple-response questionnaire to gather expert opinions from specialists with expertise in managing RTIs. The survey encompassed questions about current prescription practices, clinical observations, preferences, and experiences related to the use of cefpodoxime in routine settings for RTI management. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Approximately 53% of the clinicians reported prescribing cefpodoxime in cases of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), while 44% of them indicated using it for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Cefpodoxime emerged as the most commonly prescribed antimicrobial agent for treating URTIs, as reported by 86% of the clinicians. Majority (86.02%) of the clinicians favored cefpodoxime as the oral drug of choice for treating acute otitis media. More than half (68.34%) of the clinicians indicated prescribing cefpodoxime for approximately 5 to 7 days in cases of URTIs. The advantages of cefpodoxime, including its broad spectrum, favorable pharmacokinetic profile, and good bacteriological and clinical efficacy, were acknowledged by 65% of clinicians. Conclusion: The survey findings corroborated cefpodoxime as a widely used antibiotic in Indian settings for managing URTIs and acute otitis media. Clinicians reported that its broad-spectrum coverage, favorable pharmacokinetic profile, and clinical efficacy contribute to its popularity in the management of RTIs.
{"title":"Expert Opinion on the Prescription Practice of Cefpodoxime in the Management of Respiratory Tract Infections in Indian Settings","authors":"M. S, Krishna Kumar M","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65449","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cefpodoxime's prodrug form was absorbed and de-esterified by enterocytes to release the active metabolite, and it shows good In vitro activity against bacterial pathogens causing common RTIs. It was unknown, nevertheless, how clinicians considered about cefpodoxime. \u0000Objective: To gather expert opinion on the use of cefpodoxime in the management of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in Indian settings. \u0000Methodology: The cross-sectional survey utilized a 19-item, multiple-response questionnaire to gather expert opinions from specialists with expertise in managing RTIs. The survey encompassed questions about current prescription practices, clinical observations, preferences, and experiences related to the use of cefpodoxime in routine settings for RTI management. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. \u0000Results: Approximately 53% of the clinicians reported prescribing cefpodoxime in cases of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), while 44% of them indicated using it for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Cefpodoxime emerged as the most commonly prescribed antimicrobial agent for treating URTIs, as reported by 86% of the clinicians. Majority (86.02%) of the clinicians favored cefpodoxime as the oral drug of choice for treating acute otitis media. More than half (68.34%) of the clinicians indicated prescribing cefpodoxime for approximately 5 to 7 days in cases of URTIs. The advantages of cefpodoxime, including its broad spectrum, favorable pharmacokinetic profile, and good bacteriological and clinical efficacy, were acknowledged by 65% of clinicians. \u0000Conclusion: The survey findings corroborated cefpodoxime as a widely used antibiotic in Indian settings for managing URTIs and acute otitis media. Clinicians reported that its broad-spectrum coverage, favorable pharmacokinetic profile, and clinical efficacy contribute to its popularity in the management of RTIs.","PeriodicalId":506708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"119 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141125328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65448
Paul, Demshimeno, Ukoha Ukoha, Ugochukwu Aguwa
Cannabis sativa is a commonly abused drug especially among younger people in society. The cerebellum is located at the back of the brain, immediately inferior to the occipital and temporal lobes within the posterior cranial fossa. The study was designed to show the effect of aqueous leave extract of cannabis sativa on the performance of male Wistar rats in the hanging wire and open field neurobehavioural tests. A total of 40 Wistar rats were used and grouped into five groups. Group I received distilled water for 28 days. Group II, III, IV and V served as the low, high, low dose recovery and high dose recovery group respectively. Group II were administered with 10mg/kg body weight of cannabis sativa leave aqueous extract for 28 days. Group III were administered with 20mg/kg body weight of cannabis sativa leave aqueous extract for 28 days. Group IV was administered with 10mg/kg body weight of cannabis sativa leave aqueous extract for 28days and were allowed for further 28 days without any administration while group V received 20mg/kg body weight of cannabis sativa for 28 days and were allowed for further 28days without administration. Group IV and V represent the recovery group. Group I, II and III were sacrificed a day after their last intubation. The result of the study showed that the administration of cannabis Sativa did not significantly change the outcome of the open field test at the final stage compared to the initial but group E showed significant decrease in hanging time following exposure to cannabis sativa. We can therefore conclude that administration of cannabis sativa at 10mg/kg and 20mg/kg for 28 days did not adversely affect rats performance in the neurobehavioural tests carried out.
{"title":"Effect of Aqueous Extract of Cannabis Sativa Leaf on the Motor Coordination Using the Hanging Wire and Open Field Neurobehavioural Tests in Male Wistar Rats","authors":"Paul, Demshimeno, Ukoha Ukoha, Ugochukwu Aguwa","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65448","url":null,"abstract":"Cannabis sativa is a commonly abused drug especially among younger people in society. The cerebellum is located at the back of the brain, immediately inferior to the occipital and temporal lobes within the posterior cranial fossa. The study was designed to show the effect of aqueous leave extract of cannabis sativa on the performance of male Wistar rats in the hanging wire and open field neurobehavioural tests. A total of 40 Wistar rats were used and grouped into five groups. Group I received distilled water for 28 days. Group II, III, IV and V served as the low, high, low dose recovery and high dose recovery group respectively. Group II were administered with 10mg/kg body weight of cannabis sativa leave aqueous extract for 28 days. Group III were administered with 20mg/kg body weight of cannabis sativa leave aqueous extract for 28 days. Group IV was administered with 10mg/kg body weight of cannabis sativa leave aqueous extract for 28days and were allowed for further 28 days without any administration while group V received 20mg/kg body weight of cannabis sativa for 28 days and were allowed for further 28days without administration. Group IV and V represent the recovery group. Group I, II and III were sacrificed a day after their last intubation. The result of the study showed that the administration of cannabis Sativa did not significantly change the outcome of the open field test at the final stage compared to the initial but group E showed significant decrease in hanging time following exposure to cannabis sativa. We can therefore conclude that administration of cannabis sativa at 10mg/kg and 20mg/kg for 28 days did not adversely affect rats performance in the neurobehavioural tests carried out.","PeriodicalId":506708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"77 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140964425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-16DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65447
Desdiani Desdiani, Flora Eka Sari
Background: Severe kyphosis in advanced age, with a higher incidence observed in women and in elderly males afflicted with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can pose a significant risk to their overall well-being and potentially endanger their lives. Methods: A 59-year-old male with respiratory problem, chronic back pain, and walking disorder was admitted to the emergency room with symptoms of shortness of breath that had been worse in the previous three days. According to the patient's mother, the patient's chest had been bent or arched, curved anterior sternum, since he was three years old but had never been referred to a hospital or undergone any medical treatment. Anti-tuberculosis and COPD treatment with physiotherapy during the first 3 months was quite encouraging because now the patient can do light activities and work again. Results: Delays in spinal correction are caused by a lack of early detection capabilities from an early age and late referral to the hospital. Because of his advanced age, the patient was not able to have thoracic surgery; instead, he received thoracic manual treatment in addition to physiotherapy at a distant facility with restricted surgical capabilities. Rather, physiotherapy, which included thoracic corrective exercises and scapular posture. Correcting thoracic posture, enhancing structural alignment, and increasing thoracic rigidity are the main objectives of this activity. Conclusion: Patients with severe cases of kyphosis require early detection of bone abnormalities by primary health center staff. Corrections can be made to prevent reduced body function, musculoskeletal disorders, and quality of life.
{"title":"Severe Kyphosis Patients with Tuberculosis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case Report","authors":"Desdiani Desdiani, Flora Eka Sari","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65447","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Severe kyphosis in advanced age, with a higher incidence observed in women and in elderly males afflicted with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can pose a significant risk to their overall well-being and potentially endanger their lives. \u0000Methods: A 59-year-old male with respiratory problem, chronic back pain, and walking disorder was admitted to the emergency room with symptoms of shortness of breath that had been worse in the previous three days. According to the patient's mother, the patient's chest had been bent or arched, curved anterior sternum, since he was three years old but had never been referred to a hospital or undergone any medical treatment. Anti-tuberculosis and COPD treatment with physiotherapy during the first 3 months was quite encouraging because now the patient can do light activities and work again. \u0000Results: Delays in spinal correction are caused by a lack of early detection capabilities from an early age and late referral to the hospital. Because of his advanced age, the patient was not able to have thoracic surgery; instead, he received thoracic manual treatment in addition to physiotherapy at a distant facility with restricted surgical capabilities. Rather, physiotherapy, which included thoracic corrective exercises and scapular posture. Correcting thoracic posture, enhancing structural alignment, and increasing thoracic rigidity are the main objectives of this activity. \u0000Conclusion: Patients with severe cases of kyphosis require early detection of bone abnormalities by primary health center staff. Corrections can be made to prevent reduced body function, musculoskeletal disorders, and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":506708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"32 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140971469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65446
A. Benakrout, Mohamed Meziane, A. Jaafari, N. Doghmi, Mustapha Bensghir, Hicham Balkhi
Prior verification of the efficiency of face mask ventilation before curarisation is most often dogmatic. It is often considered a safety factor. The main aim of our study was to investigate the effect of prior curarisation on face mask ventilation conditions. Materials and methods: A prospective, randomised, double-blind study was carried out in the operating theatre of the Mohammed V military training hospital in Rabat. The inclusion criteria were: patients aged over 18 years, with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I and II score, scheduled for surgery under general anaesthesia and requiring tracheal intubation. Exclusion criteria were: the presence of gastro-oesophageal reflux, the need for rapid sequence induction, the presence of criteria for face mask ventilation or difficult intubation and the need for vigorous intubation. The patients included were randomised into two groups : the rocuronium group, in whom curarisation with rocuronium prior to verification of the efficacy of VMF was performed, and the control group, in whom an equal volume of 0.9% saline was administered. Improvement in face mask ventilation was our primary endpoint. It was assessed using the HAN face mask ventilation difficulty score and tele-expiratory volume (TEV) during mask ventilation manoeuvres. Results : A significant improvement in the Han score was noted at 2 min after administration of rocuronium (1.40 ± 0.50 vs 2 min : 1.17 ± 0.38, p=0.017). There was also a significant improvement in TEV at 1 min (117.9 ± 41.41 vs 289.33 ± 78.63, p=0.004) and at 2 min after early curarisation (167.57 ± 59.7 vs 388.67 ± 38.85, p=0.008). Conclusion : Prior curarisation improves face mask ventilation in patients with an easy planned airway. Several studies with different methodologies found similar results.
在进行治疗前，对面罩通气效率的事先验证往往是教条式的。它通常被认为是一个安全因素。我们研究的主要目的是探究事先卷曲对面罩通气条件的影响。材料和方法：在拉巴特穆罕默德五世军事训练医院手术室进行了一项前瞻性、随机、双盲研究。纳入标准为：18 岁以上、美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）I 级和 II 级评分、计划在全身麻醉下进行手术并需要气管插管的患者。排除标准为：存在胃食管反流、需要快速诱导、存在面罩通气或困难插管标准以及需要用力插管。纳入的患者被随机分为两组：罗库洛铵组和对照组，前者在验证 VMF 的疗效前使用罗库洛铵；后者使用等量的 0.9% 生理盐水。 面罩通气的改善是我们的主要终点。我们使用汉氏面罩通气困难评分和面罩通气操作过程中的远距离呼气量（TEV）对其进行评估。结果：施用罗库溴铵 2 分钟后，Han 评分明显改善（1.40 ± 0.50 vs 2 分钟：1.17 ± 0.38，p=0.017）。早期镇静后 1 分钟（117.9 ± 41.41 vs 289.33 ± 78.63，p=0.004）和 2 分钟（167.57 ± 59.7 vs 388.67 ± 38.85，p=0.008）的 TEV 也有明显改善。结论：在计划气道通畅的患者中，提前卷曲可改善面罩通气。几项采用不同方法的研究发现了类似的结果。
{"title":"Does Curarisation before Hand Improve Ventilation by Face Mask? A Prospective Randomised Study","authors":"A. Benakrout, Mohamed Meziane, A. Jaafari, N. Doghmi, Mustapha Bensghir, Hicham Balkhi","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65446","url":null,"abstract":"Prior verification of the efficiency of face mask ventilation before curarisation is most often dogmatic. It is often considered a safety factor. The main aim of our study was to investigate the effect of prior curarisation on face mask ventilation conditions. \u0000Materials and methods: A prospective, randomised, double-blind study was carried out in the operating theatre of the Mohammed V military training hospital in Rabat. The inclusion criteria were: patients aged over 18 years, with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I and II score, scheduled for surgery under general anaesthesia and requiring tracheal intubation. Exclusion criteria were: the presence of gastro-oesophageal reflux, the need for rapid sequence induction, the presence of criteria for face mask ventilation or difficult intubation and the need for vigorous intubation. The patients included were randomised into two groups : the rocuronium group, in whom curarisation with rocuronium prior to verification of the efficacy of VMF was performed, and the control group, in whom an equal volume of 0.9% saline was administered. Improvement in face mask ventilation was our primary endpoint. It was assessed using the HAN face mask ventilation difficulty score and tele-expiratory volume (TEV) during mask ventilation manoeuvres. \u0000Results : A significant improvement in the Han score was noted at 2 min after administration of rocuronium (1.40 ± 0.50 vs 2 min : 1.17 ± 0.38, p=0.017). There was also a significant improvement in TEV at 1 min (117.9 ± 41.41 vs 289.33 ± 78.63, p=0.004) and at 2 min after early curarisation (167.57 ± 59.7 vs 388.67 ± 38.85, p=0.008). \u0000Conclusion : Prior curarisation improves face mask ventilation in patients with an easy planned airway. Several studies with different methodologies found similar results.","PeriodicalId":506708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140980798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65445
Fernanda Marques Siliano, Cristine Haralambos Bassoukou, Jasiel de Oliveira, W. Sendyk, Marcia Hiromi Tanaka, C. Turssi
Aims: To evaluate the length of the thread portion and the distance between the thread pitches of internal hexagon (IH) and morse taper (MT) connection screws and their loosening after fatigue testing. Methodology: Ten IH and ten MT implants received abutments torqued 20 N.cm. The implant-abutment sets were subjected to fatigue by mechanical cycling. After testing the removal torque of the abutments was measured and the abutments and screws were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: Student's t-test showed there was no significant difference between the removal torque values among the groups (p=0.609). The length of the screw thread portion of the IH connection was significantly longer than that of the MT connection (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the distance between the threads of the screws. (p=0.734). Conclusion: The thread portion of screws in the internal hexagon connection was larger than that of screws in the morse taper connection. However, the distance between thread pitches and the removal torque values under fatigue testing were similar for screws in both types of connections.
目的：评估内六角（IH）和莫氏锥度（MT）连接螺钉的螺纹部分长度和螺纹间距以及疲劳测试后的松动情况。方法：10 个 IH 和 10 个 MT 种植体的基台扭矩为 20 N.cm。通过机械循环对种植体-基台套装进行疲劳测试。测试后测量基台的拆卸扭矩，并通过扫描电子显微镜分析基台和螺钉。结果显示学生 t 检验表明，各组间的拆卸扭矩值无明显差异（p=0.609）。IH 连接的螺纹部分长度明显长于 MT 连接（P<0.001）。在螺钉螺纹之间的距离方面，各组之间没有明显差异（p=0.734）。 (p=0.734).结论内六角连接螺钉的螺纹部分大于莫氏锥连接螺钉的螺纹部分。不过，两种连接方式的螺钉螺纹间距和疲劳测试下的拆卸扭矩值相似。
{"title":"Study of the Abutment Screw threads of Internal Hexagon and Morse Taper Connection Implants and their loosening after Fatigue Testing","authors":"Fernanda Marques Siliano, Cristine Haralambos Bassoukou, Jasiel de Oliveira, W. Sendyk, Marcia Hiromi Tanaka, C. Turssi","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65445","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To evaluate the length of the thread portion and the distance between the thread pitches of internal hexagon (IH) and morse taper (MT) connection screws and their loosening after fatigue testing. \u0000Methodology: Ten IH and ten MT implants received abutments torqued 20 N.cm. The implant-abutment sets were subjected to fatigue by mechanical cycling. After testing the removal torque of the abutments was measured and the abutments and screws were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. \u0000Results: Student's t-test showed there was no significant difference between the removal torque values among the groups (p=0.609). The length of the screw thread portion of the IH connection was significantly longer than that of the MT connection (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the distance between the threads of the screws. (p=0.734). \u0000Conclusion: The thread portion of screws in the internal hexagon connection was larger than that of screws in the morse taper connection. However, the distance between thread pitches and the removal torque values under fatigue testing were similar for screws in both types of connections.","PeriodicalId":506708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"13 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140981773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i55443
Ayesha Saleem, Shahroz M. Khan, Imdad Ullah, Syed S. Nasim, Sajedur Rahman, Arslan Tayyab
Background: The one of most common and severe complications is diabetic kidney disease, which leads to in the long term. However, there are many recent developments in medical therapy, especially when we use inhibitors SGLT2, which always gives us the best outcome in improving patient compliance and reducing the higher risk of mortality which is associated with the long-run consequences of diabetic metabolic control. Purpose: This comprehensive systematic review delves into the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors which have capacity to slow down the progression rate of diabetes kidney disorder. Methods: The eligibility criteria were set up following the PRISMA guidelines' which are recommended 'population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and study (PICOS) design ' framework. Various digital databases, such as ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Medline, Embase, and others, were meticulously scanned to pinpoint relevant studies. A search strategy, crafted in line with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, was utilized to acquire the most pertinent studies. Results: For this study, we selected twelve studies. Upon systematic scrutiny, it was revealed that a majority of these studies, precisely eight out of twelve (67%), showcased the effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors in diminishing kidney indicators like eGFR and UACR among diverse populations. Conversely, a lack of significant impact on primary endpoints was noted in four out of twelve studies (33.3%). Conclusion: In the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), SGLT2 inhibitors present a hopeful option, showing considerable promise in slowing down the advancement of the illness and improving kidney function.
{"title":"Investigating the Role of Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Slowing Down the Diabetic Kidney Disease Progression: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Control Trials","authors":"Ayesha Saleem, Shahroz M. Khan, Imdad Ullah, Syed S. Nasim, Sajedur Rahman, Arslan Tayyab","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i55443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i55443","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The one of most common and severe complications is diabetic kidney disease, which leads to in the long term. However, there are many recent developments in medical therapy, especially when we use inhibitors SGLT2, which always gives us the best outcome in improving patient compliance and reducing the higher risk of mortality which is associated with the long-run consequences of diabetic metabolic control.\u0000Purpose: This comprehensive systematic review delves into the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors which have capacity to slow down the progression rate of diabetes kidney disorder.\u0000Methods: The eligibility criteria were set up following the PRISMA guidelines' which are recommended 'population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and study (PICOS) design ' framework. Various digital databases, such as ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Medline, Embase, and others, were meticulously scanned to pinpoint relevant studies. A search strategy, crafted in line with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, was utilized to acquire the most pertinent studies.\u0000Results: For this study, we selected twelve studies. Upon systematic scrutiny, it was revealed that a majority of these studies, precisely eight out of twelve (67%), showcased the effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors in diminishing kidney indicators like eGFR and UACR among diverse populations. Conversely, a lack of significant impact on primary endpoints was noted in four out of twelve studies (33.3%).\u0000Conclusion: In the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), SGLT2 inhibitors present a hopeful option, showing considerable promise in slowing down the advancement of the illness and improving kidney function.","PeriodicalId":506708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"67 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140984949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65444
Juliana Marques, Jackson de Souza-Menezes
Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) is an autologous technique that uses centrifuged whole blood to concentrate platelets in plasma. The regenerative effect of PRP is attributed to platelets due to the release of growth factors involved in healing. This study sought to promote the isolation of platelets from PRP (PI-PRP) to identify the role of platelets in the modulation of cell surviving and VEGF-A mRNA expression. The coculture protocol with PI-PRP/ keratinocyte cell line HaCaT was established. Cellular viability by MTT, membrane integrity by trypan blue, cell and cytoskeletal cell morphology by DAPI and phalloidin staining and RNA extraction, for subsequently, qRT-PCR VEGF-A, were performed. The MTT test showed higher cell viability in PI-PRP group than CTRL. The trypan blue test showed no difference between CTRL and PI-PRP groups. Fluorescence microscopy analysis showed no changes in cellular morphology of the nucleus and distinct alterations in cytoskeletal between groups. In the qRT-PCR the VEGF-A expression was higher in PI-PRP group compared to CTRL. The centrifugation proved to be effective for platelet enrichment. This protocol demonstrated efficiency in studying interaction between platelet and cell lineage.
{"title":"Platelets Regulates Cell Viability and VEGF-A mRNA Expression in HaCaT Cell Line","authors":"Juliana Marques, Jackson de Souza-Menezes","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65444","url":null,"abstract":"Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) is an autologous technique that uses centrifuged whole blood to concentrate platelets in plasma. The regenerative effect of PRP is attributed to platelets due to the release of growth factors involved in healing. This study sought to promote the isolation of platelets from PRP (PI-PRP) to identify the role of platelets in the modulation of cell surviving and VEGF-A mRNA expression. The coculture protocol with PI-PRP/ keratinocyte cell line HaCaT was established. Cellular viability by MTT, membrane integrity by trypan blue, cell and cytoskeletal cell morphology by DAPI and phalloidin staining and RNA extraction, for subsequently, qRT-PCR VEGF-A, were performed. The MTT test showed higher cell viability in PI-PRP group than CTRL. The trypan blue test showed no difference between CTRL and PI-PRP groups. Fluorescence microscopy analysis showed no changes in cellular morphology of the nucleus and distinct alterations in cytoskeletal between groups. In the qRT-PCR the VEGF-A expression was higher in PI-PRP group compared to CTRL. The centrifugation proved to be effective for platelet enrichment. This protocol demonstrated efficiency in studying interaction between platelet and cell lineage.","PeriodicalId":506708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"118 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140985616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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