Pub Date : 2024-07-13DOI: 10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-277-284
Наталія Прудивус
Relevance of the research topic. The training of qualified athletes in basketball requires a scientifically based approach to the construction of an annual structure of the training process, especially if it takes place in the conditions of a higher education institution. Distance education of students during the global pandemic and during the period of armed aggression by the Russian Federation significantly worsened the physical fitness of athletes and requires further research using the latest approaches to the organization of the educational and training process of student basketball teams. The purpose of the study is to develop and theoretically substantiate the program of physical training of qualified basketball players in the retraction mesocycle of the annual macrocycle. Research methods: analysis of special literature, pedagogical observation, timing of training work, heart rate monitoring, programming methods. Results. The developed structure of physical training of the student team in the retraction mesocycle differs from training programs for qualified athletes in basketball clubs by taking into account such components as the initial level of fitness of basketball players, which usually varies; mode and nature of students' education, in particular, the beginning of the academic year, the number of educational classes per day; attending other classes with motor activity and total physical activity per day; calendar of student competitions. Conclusions.The program of physical training in the retraction mesocycle for student basketball teams was developed taking into account the recommendations of leading specialists regarding the magnitude and direction of the load, its wave-likeness and variability. The content of the program consists of non-specific and specific exercises with the use of modern inventory and equipment, which makes it possible to more effectively influence the development of physical qualities, as well as to form training effects and activate recovery processes.
{"title":"ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПЛАНУВАННЯ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ КВАЛІФІКОВАНИХ БАСКЕТБОЛІСТІВ У ВТЯГУВАЛЬНОМУ МЕЗОЦИКЛІ","authors":"Наталія Прудивус","doi":"10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-277-284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-277-284","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance of the research topic. The training of qualified athletes in basketball requires a scientifically based approach to the construction of an annual structure of the training process, especially if it takes place in the conditions of a higher education institution. Distance education of students during the global pandemic and during the period of armed aggression by the Russian Federation significantly worsened the physical fitness of athletes and requires further research using the latest approaches to the organization of the educational and training process of student basketball teams. The purpose of the study is to develop and theoretically substantiate the program of physical training of qualified basketball players in the retraction mesocycle of the annual macrocycle. Research methods: analysis of special literature, pedagogical observation, timing of training work, heart rate monitoring, programming methods. Results. The developed structure of physical training of the student team in the retraction mesocycle differs from training programs for qualified athletes in basketball clubs by taking into account such components as the initial level of fitness of basketball players, which usually varies; mode and nature of students' education, in particular, the beginning of the academic year, the number of educational classes per day; attending other classes with motor activity and total physical activity per day; calendar of student competitions. Conclusions.The program of physical training in the retraction mesocycle for student basketball teams was developed taking into account the recommendations of leading specialists regarding the magnitude and direction of the load, its wave-likeness and variability. The content of the program consists of non-specific and specific exercises with the use of modern inventory and equipment, which makes it possible to more effectively influence the development of physical qualities, as well as to form training effects and activate recovery processes.","PeriodicalId":507223,"journal":{"name":"Physical culture sports and health of the nation","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141834112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-13DOI: 10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-353-360
Анастасія Гребеніна, Сергій Холодов
Relevance of the research topic. Children are at the heart of a healthy society, so the future of sustainable development starts with keeping every child healthy. During the 5-6 years of life, child development is dynamic and involves growing up, interconnected functioning, such as cognitive, physical, and social-emotional abilities. This is a period characterized by rapid physical and neurological development. In Ukraine today, there is a decline in the level of "health of the nation" as an integrative indicator of the social, mental and physical health of citizens, especially preschool children. Currently, almost 80 % of children have one or more diseases, every third child has physical or mental development abnormalities. The purpose of the article is to determine the somatometric features of children 5-6 years old with mental retardation (MR). Research participants. During the experiment 15 children aged 5-6 years with MR were involved. The following research methods were used to fulfill the tasks: analysis of special scientific and methodical literature, anthropometry, videometry - the data obtained as a result of the analysis on posture disorders were offered for consideration to the orthopedic doctor, who formulated the final conclusions about the type of posture of the 5-6-year-old children involved in the experiment, a pedagogical experiment. Results. It was found that 20 % of the children aged 5-6 years with MR who were examined by us had normal posture, 46.7 % had stoop, and 33.3 % showed signs of scoliotic posture. If we consider these results taking into account the gender of the children, it can be seen that among girls 14.3 % have a normal posture,42.9 % are characterized by stooping, and 42.9 % have a scoliotic posture. In the group of boys 25% are children with normal posture, 50 % are characterized by stooping, and 25 % have a scoliotic posture. Conclusions. It is shown that 5- 6-year-old children with mental retardation showed certain differences in physical development compared to their peers. They correspond to the norms of physical development characteristic of the mesomorphic body type, but have smaller indicators of mass, body length and hip circumference, which indicates their smallness and elegance. Prospects for further research are to theoretically substantiate, develop and experimentally test the technology for correcting violations of the biomechanics of the spatial organization of the body of 5-6-year-old children with MR in the process of physical culture and sports rehabilitation.
{"title":"SOMATOMETRICAL INDICATORS OF 5-6-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION","authors":"Анастасія Гребеніна, Сергій Холодов","doi":"10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-353-360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-353-360","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance of the research topic. Children are at the heart of a healthy society, so the future of sustainable development starts with keeping every child healthy. During the 5-6 years of life, child development is dynamic and involves growing up, interconnected functioning, such as cognitive, physical, and social-emotional abilities. This is a period characterized by rapid physical and neurological development. In Ukraine today, there is a decline in the level of \"health of the nation\" as an integrative indicator of the social, mental and physical health of citizens, especially preschool children. Currently, almost 80 % of children have one or more diseases, every third child has physical or mental development abnormalities. The purpose of the article is to determine the somatometric features of children 5-6 years old with mental retardation (MR). Research participants. During the experiment 15 children aged 5-6 years with MR were involved. The following research methods were used to fulfill the tasks: analysis of special scientific and methodical literature, anthropometry, videometry - the data obtained as a result of the analysis on posture disorders were offered for consideration to the orthopedic doctor, who formulated the final conclusions about the type of posture of the 5-6-year-old children involved in the experiment, a pedagogical experiment. Results. It was found that 20 % of the children aged 5-6 years with MR who were examined by us had normal posture, 46.7 % had stoop, and 33.3 % showed signs of scoliotic posture. If we consider these results taking into account the gender of the children, it can be seen that among girls 14.3 % have a normal posture,42.9 % are characterized by stooping, and 42.9 % have a scoliotic posture. In the group of boys 25% are children with normal posture, 50 % are characterized by stooping, and 25 % have a scoliotic posture. Conclusions. It is shown that 5- 6-year-old children with mental retardation showed certain differences in physical development compared to their peers. They correspond to the norms of physical development characteristic of the mesomorphic body type, but have smaller indicators of mass, body length and hip circumference, which indicates their smallness and elegance. Prospects for further research are to theoretically substantiate, develop and experimentally test the technology for correcting violations of the biomechanics of the spatial organization of the body of 5-6-year-old children with MR in the process of physical culture and sports rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":507223,"journal":{"name":"Physical culture sports and health of the nation","volume":"25 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141651096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-13DOI: 10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-334-342
Божена Олегівна Буховець, Віталій Кашуба, Петро Тодоров
Relevance of the research topic. As a result of deprivation and a sedentary lifestyle, schoolchildren with visual impairments have hypodynamia, which leads to a decrease in the level of physical fitness compared to their relatively healthy peers. Limitation of motor activity, according to some scientists, is caused by the need to implement modern programs for organizing the process of physical culture and sports for this contingent according to a special medical subgroup, which will have a positive effect on increasing the level of physical fitness. The decrease in the amount of physical activity among schoolchildren with visual impairment makes the problem of researching the level of physical fitness of this contingent urgent, as a prerequisite for building a modern program of organizing the process of physical culture and sports, which will contribute to increasing the movement regime and, as a result, improving the state of health. On the basis of comprehensive examinations of schoolchildren with visual impairment, a special medical subgroup (A, B, C) is determined for physical education in accordance with the dysfunction of the visual analyzer. The purpose of the article is a comparative analysis of indicators of physical fitness of 11-year-old schoolchildren with visual impairment according to a special medical subgroup. The following methods were used in the research: theoretical data analysis of scientific literature on the selected research topic, pedagogical (experiment, testing) and mathematical data processing. Testing of physical fitness was implemented according to the standard method and compared with norms. The results of the study showed that among 11-year-old schoolchildren of subgroup А, all indicators are normally distributed, but among representatives of subgroup B, the results of the third such distribution correspond only to the indicators of speed, dexterity, strength and endurance for the exercise of lifting the trunk from the initial lying position. It is interesting that representatives of subgroup B are somewhat faster and more agile, their strength is better developed than representatives of subgroup А, which in turn are more flexible. At the same time, these differences are insignificant. However, there were no significant differences in the physical fitness of 11- year-old schoolchildren from subgroups А and B.
研究课题的相关性。由于生活匮乏和久坐不动的生活方式，有视力障碍的学龄儿童会出现动力不足，导致体能水平比相对健康的同龄人下降。一些科学家认为，造成运动活动受限的原因是，需要根据特殊的医疗分组，为这一群体实施组织体育运动过程的现代方案，这将对提高体能水平产生积极影响。视力障碍学童体育活动量的减少使得研究这支队伍的体能水平成为当务之急，这也是制定现代体育运动组织方案的先决条件。在对有视力障碍的学龄儿童进行全面检查的基础上，根据视力分析仪的功能障碍，确定了体育教育的特殊医学分组（A、B、C）。文章的目的是根据特殊医疗分组对 11 岁视力障碍学龄儿童的体能指标进行比较分析。研究采用了以下方法：对选定研究课题的科学文献进行理论数据分析、教学（实验、测试）和数学数据处理。体能测试按照标准方法进行，并与标准进行比较。研究结果表明，在 А 分组的 11 岁学龄儿童中，所有指标都呈正态分布，但在 B 分组的代表中，第三次正态分布的结果仅适用于从初始卧姿抬起躯干运动的速度、灵巧性、力量和耐力指标。有趣的是，B 组的代表速度更快、更敏捷，他们的力量比 А 组的代表更好，而 А 组的代表则更灵活。但这些差异并不明显。然而，А 和 B 亚组的 11 岁学龄儿童在体能方面没有明显差异。
{"title":"ДИФЕРЕНЦІАЦІЯ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВЛЕНОСТІ ШКОЛЯРІВ ІЗ ПОРУШЕННЯМ ЗОРУ ВІДПОВІДНО ДО СПЕЦІАЛЬНОЇ МЕДИЧНОЇ ГРУПИ","authors":"Божена Олегівна Буховець, Віталій Кашуба, Петро Тодоров","doi":"10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-334-342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-334-342","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance of the research topic. As a result of deprivation and a sedentary lifestyle, schoolchildren with visual impairments have hypodynamia, which leads to a decrease in the level of physical fitness compared to their relatively healthy peers. Limitation of motor activity, according to some scientists, is caused by the need to implement modern programs for organizing the process of physical culture and sports for this contingent according to a special medical subgroup, which will have a positive effect on increasing the level of physical fitness. The decrease in the amount of physical activity among schoolchildren with visual impairment makes the problem of researching the level of physical fitness of this contingent urgent, as a prerequisite for building a modern program of organizing the process of physical culture and sports, which will contribute to increasing the movement regime and, as a result, improving the state of health. On the basis of comprehensive examinations of schoolchildren with visual impairment, a special medical subgroup (A, B, C) is determined for physical education in accordance with the dysfunction of the visual analyzer. The purpose of the article is a comparative analysis of indicators of physical fitness of 11-year-old schoolchildren with visual impairment according to a special medical subgroup. The following methods were used in the research: theoretical data analysis of scientific literature on the selected research topic, pedagogical (experiment, testing) and mathematical data processing. Testing of physical fitness was implemented according to the standard method and compared with norms. The results of the study showed that among 11-year-old schoolchildren of subgroup А, all indicators are normally distributed, but among representatives of subgroup B, the results of the third such distribution correspond only to the indicators of speed, dexterity, strength and endurance for the exercise of lifting the trunk from the initial lying position. It is interesting that representatives of subgroup B are somewhat faster and more agile, their strength is better developed than representatives of subgroup А, which in turn are more flexible. At the same time, these differences are insignificant. However, there were no significant differences in the physical fitness of 11- year-old schoolchildren from subgroups А and B. ","PeriodicalId":507223,"journal":{"name":"Physical culture sports and health of the nation","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141651239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-13DOI: 10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-209-220
Віталій Івченко, Віталій Кашуба, Юрій Литвиненко, Леонід Ярмолинський, Руслан Никитюк
Relevance of the research topic. Errors in the technical training of athletes who specialize in practical shooting, the slow growth of their technical skill negatively affects the replenishment of national teams with young, promising athletes. The reasons for this situation, first of all, should be recognized as insufficient development of the theoretical basis for improving the technical preparation of athletes at all stages of long-term training. The purpose of the article is to determine the biomechanical differences in the technique of performing various ways of movement of qualified athletes during shooting. Research participants. 10 qualified athletes who specialize in practical pistol shooting took part in the research. Each athlete made 5 attempts using the "ski", "X-shaped" and "low" steps. It is important to note that there were neither restrictions on the choice of the speed of movement of the athlete nor the speed of execution of a series of shots during the attempts. Athletes were oriented to ensure that each shot was accurate in a series of shooting, with its execution in a minimum period of time, which actually largely determines the sports result in practical shooting. Research methods. We conducted an experimental study in laboratory conditions using the optical- electronic 3D system of registration and analysis of human movements "Qualisys". The results obtained in the research process were processed using the methods of mathematical statistics. Work results. It has been established that athletes, when shooting and using different ways of moving, try to minimize the negative impact of oscillatory processes on the weapon, which comes from the lower part of the body as a result of walking. However, as shown by the results of our own research, athletes manage to provide the least impact when performing the "X-shaped" movement. This fact is also confirmed by the smallest oscillations of the front sight of the weapon in the frontal and vertical planes, compared to other methods of movement, which was also shown above in the form of quantitative indicators and visual accompaniment to them. Prospects for further research include the development of technology for the formation of the technique of athletes’ movement in practical shooting.
{"title":"PRACTICAL ASPECT OF IMPLEMENTING BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS IN SPORT","authors":"Віталій Івченко, Віталій Кашуба, Юрій Литвиненко, Леонід Ярмолинський, Руслан Никитюк","doi":"10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-209-220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-209-220","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance of the research topic. Errors in the technical training of athletes who specialize in practical shooting, the slow growth of their technical skill negatively affects the replenishment of national teams with young, promising athletes. The reasons for this situation, first of all, should be recognized as insufficient development of the theoretical basis for improving the technical preparation of athletes at all stages of long-term training. The purpose of the article is to determine the biomechanical differences in the technique of performing various ways of movement of qualified athletes during shooting. Research participants. 10 qualified athletes who specialize in practical pistol shooting took part in the research. Each athlete made 5 attempts using the \"ski\", \"X-shaped\" and \"low\" steps. It is important to note that there were neither restrictions on the choice of the speed of movement of the athlete nor the speed of execution of a series of shots during the attempts. Athletes were oriented to ensure that each shot was accurate in a series of shooting, with its execution in a minimum period of time, which actually largely determines the sports result in practical shooting. Research methods. We conducted an experimental study in laboratory conditions using the optical- electronic 3D system of registration and analysis of human movements \"Qualisys\". The results obtained in the research process were processed using the methods of mathematical statistics. Work results. It has been established that athletes, when shooting and using different ways of moving, try to minimize the negative impact of oscillatory processes on the weapon, which comes from the lower part of the body as a result of walking. However, as shown by the results of our own research, athletes manage to provide the least impact when performing the \"X-shaped\" movement. This fact is also confirmed by the smallest oscillations of the front sight of the weapon in the frontal and vertical planes, compared to other methods of movement, which was also shown above in the form of quantitative indicators and visual accompaniment to them. Prospects for further research include the development of technology for the formation of the technique of athletes’ movement in practical shooting.","PeriodicalId":507223,"journal":{"name":"Physical culture sports and health of the nation","volume":"66 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141651319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Relevance of the research topic. The article is devoted to the study of the development of the flexibility of 6-7-year-old female artistic gymnasts at the stage of preliminary basic training. The modern system of multi-year training of young female athletes in artistic gymnastics is constantly developing in accordance with new trends and laws of the development of Olympic sports. Special importance is attached to the development of flexibility in artistic gymnastics, in which most elements are performed with a large amplitude of movements, mobility in the joints and flexibility of the musculoskeletal system.The purpose of the research is to develop and scientifically substantiate the methodology of flexibility development in gymnasts-artists aged 6-7 years at the stage of preliminary basic training. Research methods: analysis and generalization of specialized scientific and methodical literature, pedagogical observation, testing, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. The frequency of training sessions was 4 times a week, the duration of which was 120 minutes.The results. After the study, the level of flexibility indicators in the experimental group of 6-7-year- old female artists revealed the reliability of the differences in the tests that measured flexibility in the spine, in the shoulder and hip joints: "bend back to a vertical position in 20 seconds lying on the stomach", "tilt of the torso forward from a sitting position", "gymnastic bridge", "gymnastic stick transfer from front-back-forward", "right-handed twine from a gymnastic bench", "left-handed twine from a gymnastic bench", "lumbar twine" (p<0.05).There was also an increase in CG in the tests "tilt the body forward from a sitting position","right and left splits from the gymnastic bench" (p<0.05). Conclusions. Purposeful implementation of combined exercises in the education of flexibility will allow gymnasts to master special movements, motor actions and dance exercises that are mandatory in artistic gymnastics much faster, and this, in turn, will have a qualitative impact on the further stages of multi- year sports training of young people artists 6-7 years old.
{"title":"TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING THE FLEXIBILITY OF GIRLS 6-7 YEARS OLD WHO ARE ENGAGED IN ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS AT THE STAGE OF PRELIMINARY BASIC TRAINING","authors":"Тетяна Дідик, Тамара Чернишенко, Лілія Сікорська, Дарія Кондратюк","doi":"10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-200-208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-200-208","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance of the research topic. The article is devoted to the study of the development of the flexibility of 6-7-year-old female artistic gymnasts at the stage of preliminary basic training. The modern system of multi-year training of young female athletes in artistic gymnastics is constantly developing in accordance with new trends and laws of the development of Olympic sports. Special importance is attached to the development of flexibility in artistic gymnastics, in which most elements are performed with a large amplitude of movements, mobility in the joints and flexibility of the musculoskeletal system.The purpose of the research is to develop and scientifically substantiate the methodology of flexibility development in gymnasts-artists aged 6-7 years at the stage of preliminary basic training. Research methods: analysis and generalization of specialized scientific and methodical literature, pedagogical observation, testing, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. The frequency of training sessions was 4 times a week, the duration of which was 120 minutes.The results. After the study, the level of flexibility indicators in the experimental group of 6-7-year- old female artists revealed the reliability of the differences in the tests that measured flexibility in the spine, in the shoulder and hip joints: \"bend back to a vertical position in 20 seconds lying on the stomach\", \"tilt of the torso forward from a sitting position\", \"gymnastic bridge\", \"gymnastic stick transfer from front-back-forward\", \"right-handed twine from a gymnastic bench\", \"left-handed twine from a gymnastic bench\", \"lumbar twine\" (p<0.05).There was also an increase in CG in the tests \"tilt the body forward from a sitting position\",\"right and left splits from the gymnastic bench\" (p<0.05). Conclusions. Purposeful implementation of combined exercises in the education of flexibility will allow gymnasts to master special movements, motor actions and dance exercises that are mandatory in artistic gymnastics much faster, and this, in turn, will have a qualitative impact on the further stages of multi- year sports training of young people artists 6-7 years old.","PeriodicalId":507223,"journal":{"name":"Physical culture sports and health of the nation","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141650621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-13DOI: 10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-231-249
Сергій Лопацький, Любомир Пасічняк, Роман Дмитрів, Роман Михайленко, Сергій Аврахов, Христина Паньків
Relevance. The systematisation of literature sources allows us to assert that, despite the large number of studies, the problem of introducing fitness technologies into the system of training of young athletes is one of the creative directions of improving sports training and requires further study. The purpose is to scientifically substantiate and develop a programme of training sessions for young basketball players using health fitness equipment in a sports and recreation camp. The choice of research methods was determined by the purpose of the study: theoretical analysis and synthesis of literature sources; pedagogical research methods. Research results. The structure and content of the health-recreational training camp for young athletes specializing in basketball has been developed. Their total amount of pedagogical work is 28 hours, distributed over a calendar duration of 14 days, the workload of one working day is 2 hours (90 minutes) with a distribution during the day between: mandatory form of organization of classes; variable form of organization of classes; direction of training work of one working day. The first and the eighth days are "Muscular-sensory"; the second and the ninth days are "Relay"; the third and the tenth days are "Generally developing"; the fourth and the eleventh days are "Running"; the fifth and the twelfth days are "Equilibrium"; the sixth and the thirteenth days are "Jumping"; the seventh and the fourteenth days are "Sports and entertainment". Conditions for organizing classes and equipment: basketball court; open space or sports hall premises; balls (size "5", "6", "7"); inventory of fitness technologies.Conclusions. In the course of our research, we developed the structure and content of a health-recreational training camp for young athletes specializing in basketball.
{"title":"ІНТЕГРАЦІЯ ЗАСОБІВ ФІТНЕСУ У НАВЧАЛЬНО-ТРЕНУВАЛЬНІ ЗАНЯТТЯ ЮНИХ БАСКЕТБОЛІСТІВ У СПОРТИВНО-ОЗДОРОВЧОМУ ТАБОРІ","authors":"Сергій Лопацький, Любомир Пасічняк, Роман Дмитрів, Роман Михайленко, Сергій Аврахов, Христина Паньків","doi":"10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-231-249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-231-249","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The systematisation of literature sources allows us to assert that, despite the large number of studies, the problem of introducing fitness technologies into the system of training of young athletes is one of the creative directions of improving sports training and requires further study. The purpose is to scientifically substantiate and develop a programme of training sessions for young basketball players using health fitness equipment in a sports and recreation camp. The choice of research methods was determined by the purpose of the study: theoretical analysis and synthesis of literature sources; pedagogical research methods. Research results. The structure and content of the health-recreational training camp for young athletes specializing in basketball has been developed. Their total amount of pedagogical work is 28 hours, distributed over a calendar duration of 14 days, the workload of one working day is 2 hours (90 minutes) with a distribution during the day between: mandatory form of organization of classes; variable form of organization of classes; direction of training work of one working day. The first and the eighth days are \"Muscular-sensory\"; the second and the ninth days are \"Relay\"; the third and the tenth days are \"Generally developing\"; the fourth and the eleventh days are \"Running\"; the fifth and the twelfth days are \"Equilibrium\"; the sixth and the thirteenth days are \"Jumping\"; the seventh and the fourteenth days are \"Sports and entertainment\". Conditions for organizing classes and equipment: basketball court; open space or sports hall premises; balls (size \"5\", \"6\", \"7\"); inventory of fitness technologies.Conclusions. In the course of our research, we developed the structure and content of a health-recreational training camp for young athletes specializing in basketball.","PeriodicalId":507223,"journal":{"name":"Physical culture sports and health of the nation","volume":"6 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141651525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-13DOI: 10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-309-322
Володимир Хлібкевич
Relevance of the research topic. From the practice of modern sports and the results of numerous scientific researches, it is known that only specially gifted athletes are capable of conquering the peaks of world sports. It is about giftedness, which consists, firstly, of obvious natural prerequisites for achievements in a specific type of sport, and secondly, the ability to realize such through many years of improvement. At the current stage of the development of rugby, which is marked by the growth of competition in the international and domestic sports arena, the increase in the requirements for the level of skill of the athlete, the task of quality training of rugby players in children's and youth sports schools at all stages of multi-year improvement is significantly updated. Of particular importance in rugby training is the stage of preliminary basic training, which is the foundation for increasing the body's functional reserves, increasing the level of physical fitness and expanding the adaptation capabilities of young athletes. The purpose of the article is to determine the physical fitness of young rugby players with different types of posture. Research methods: analysis and generalization of special scientific literature, pedagogical testing, methods of mathematical statistics. Work results. To study the characteristics of the physical fitness of young rugby players with different types of posture, movement tests were applied, which are related to the methods of assessing general physical fitness, however, at the same time, they are aimed at determining the ability to perform movements important for rugby. It was established that rugby players with different types of posture had specific features. Thus, athletes with a slouched back were distinguished by the greatest inclination of the head forward and upward, and therefore have less flexibility in the upper body, which can make it difficult to perform some physical exercises and movements on the field. In particular, they found less efficiency in performing the test of raising the trunk from a horizontal position to a semi-sitting position. In athletes with scoliotic posture, the circumference of the leg was much larger and the angle 2 was less pronounced, compared to other groups, which indicates structural abnormalities in the location of the head and neck. In addition, they were distinguished by a lower ability to perform certain physical exercises, in particular, tests for bending and extending the arms in a supine position and running short distances.
{"title":"ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВЛЕНОСТІ ЮНИХ РЕГБІСТІВ З РІЗНИМИ ТИПАМИ ПОСТАВИ","authors":"Володимир Хлібкевич","doi":"10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-309-322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-309-322","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance of the research topic. From the practice of modern sports and the results of numerous scientific researches, it is known that only specially gifted athletes are capable of conquering the peaks of world sports. It is about giftedness, which consists, firstly, of obvious natural prerequisites for achievements in a specific type of sport, and secondly, the ability to realize such through many years of improvement. At the current stage of the development of rugby, which is marked by the growth of competition in the international and domestic sports arena, the increase in the requirements for the level of skill of the athlete, the task of quality training of rugby players in children's and youth sports schools at all stages of multi-year improvement is significantly updated. Of particular importance in rugby training is the stage of preliminary basic training, which is the foundation for increasing the body's functional reserves, increasing the level of physical fitness and expanding the adaptation capabilities of young athletes. The purpose of the article is to determine the physical fitness of young rugby players with different types of posture. Research methods: analysis and generalization of special scientific literature, pedagogical testing, methods of mathematical statistics. Work results. To study the characteristics of the physical fitness of young rugby players with different types of posture, movement tests were applied, which are related to the methods of assessing general physical fitness, however, at the same time, they are aimed at determining the ability to perform movements important for rugby. It was established that rugby players with different types of posture had specific features. Thus, athletes with a slouched back were distinguished by the greatest inclination of the head forward and upward, and therefore have less flexibility in the upper body, which can make it difficult to perform some physical exercises and movements on the field. In particular, they found less efficiency in performing the test of raising the trunk from a horizontal position to a semi-sitting position. In athletes with scoliotic posture, the circumference of the leg was much larger and the angle 2 was less pronounced, compared to other groups, which indicates structural abnormalities in the location of the head and neck. In addition, they were distinguished by a lower ability to perform certain physical exercises, in particular, tests for bending and extending the arms in a supine position and running short distances.","PeriodicalId":507223,"journal":{"name":"Physical culture sports and health of the nation","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141651509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-13DOI: 10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-294-308
Юрій Радченко, Василь Костюченко, Дмитро Штанагей
Relevance of the research topic. Millions of people around the world engage in martial arts, and interest in this type of activity continues to grow. As you know, the goal of building any educational and training process in many types of sports is to achieve the maximum possible result in competitive activities. The existing system of knowledge regarding traditional approaches to building the training process in martial arts proves that in many types of duels there are two possible ways to achieve the desired result. One is the acquisition of championship titles by winning competitions, the other is the acquisition of qualification belts for the performance of certain complex technical actions: kata or tuli (certain connections from stances, movements, striking and defensive actions, as well as the technique of performing motor actions inherent in the respective species duels). First of all, the study of the peculiarities of the functioning of the belt system in various types of martial arts will significantly expand the range of knowledge, the possibilities of using the most effective means and methods for the construction of a modern system of martial arts training. The purpose of the study is to investigate the features of the functioning of the belt system for assessing the level of qualification of athletes in various types of martial arts. Methods. In accordance with the topic of the study, an analysis and generalization of the scientific and methodological literature of Ukrainian and foreign specialists was carried out, normative program documents of the most popular types of martial arts in the world (judo, karate, jiu-jitsu, taekwon-do) were studied. Research results. The belt system for assessing the level of qualification of athletes is inherent in many types of martial arts and is an effective alternative to competitive activities in the direction of obtaining the desired result. A large number of apprentice and master qualification degrees, gentle load regimes, the absence of extreme conditions, and the focus on perfect mastery of technical skills make it possible to practice martial arts for many years. Conclusions. According to modern ideas about the construction of a training system in various types of martial arts, for further effective existence as a tool for the development of mass sports, the belt system for evaluating the level of qualification of athletes needs immediate changes, the introduction of new modern technologies taking into account scientific achievements in the field of sports science.
{"title":"FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE BELT SYSTEM FOR ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF QUALIFICATION OF ATHLETES IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF SPORTS COMBAT","authors":"Юрій Радченко, Василь Костюченко, Дмитро Штанагей","doi":"10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-294-308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-294-308","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance of the research topic. Millions of people around the world engage in martial arts, and interest in this type of activity continues to grow. As you know, the goal of building any educational and training process in many types of sports is to achieve the maximum possible result in competitive activities. The existing system of knowledge regarding traditional approaches to building the training process in martial arts proves that in many types of duels there are two possible ways to achieve the desired result. One is the acquisition of championship titles by winning competitions, the other is the acquisition of qualification belts for the performance of certain complex technical actions: kata or tuli (certain connections from stances, movements, striking and defensive actions, as well as the technique of performing motor actions inherent in the respective species duels). First of all, the study of the peculiarities of the functioning of the belt system in various types of martial arts will significantly expand the range of knowledge, the possibilities of using the most effective means and methods for the construction of a modern system of martial arts training. The purpose of the study is to investigate the features of the functioning of the belt system for assessing the level of qualification of athletes in various types of martial arts. Methods. In accordance with the topic of the study, an analysis and generalization of the scientific and methodological literature of Ukrainian and foreign specialists was carried out, normative program documents of the most popular types of martial arts in the world (judo, karate, jiu-jitsu, taekwon-do) were studied. Research results. The belt system for assessing the level of qualification of athletes is inherent in many types of martial arts and is an effective alternative to competitive activities in the direction of obtaining the desired result. A large number of apprentice and master qualification degrees, gentle load regimes, the absence of extreme conditions, and the focus on perfect mastery of technical skills make it possible to practice martial arts for many years. Conclusions. According to modern ideas about the construction of a training system in various types of martial arts, for further effective existence as a tool for the development of mass sports, the belt system for evaluating the level of qualification of athletes needs immediate changes, the introduction of new modern technologies taking into account scientific achievements in the field of sports science.","PeriodicalId":507223,"journal":{"name":"Physical culture sports and health of the nation","volume":"40 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141650813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-180-189
Сергій Войтенко, Максим Перепелиця
Relevance of the topic. Active participation in football competitions creates stressful conditions for players, which negatively affects their psychological resilience and performance in the game. It is noted that individual psychological characteristics, particularly the level of stress resistance, play a significant role in influencing the psychological state of players. However, to date, there is a lack of methods for effectively developing this quality in football players of various skill levels. The purpose – studying the individual psychological and personality traits of football players of various skill levels. Material and Methods. The study involved 43 football players aged from 17 to 21 with various levels of qualification, as well as 6 active football coaches. Research methods: analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, surveys, psychodiagnostic testing of coaches and football players using the "Stress Factors of Sports Activity" method, methods of mathematical statistics. Research results and key conclusions. The experimental study of the psychological preparation and stress factors among football players at various stages of long-term training allows for the following conclusions: it has been found that coaches who participated in the survey significantly underestimate the importance of psychological preparation (3-6 %) compared to other types of preparation: physical preparation – (30-37 %), general physical preparation (14-25 %), special physical preparation (15-24 %), and technical preparation (15-20 %). Football players of various skill levels rate psychological preparation significantly higher (23 %), especially after unsuccessful starts in competitions (57 % of the surveyed lost the initial minutes of the game due to anxiety). Stress factors in the sports activities of football players of different qualifications have been identified, with external objective reasons being the most significant (previous poor training and competitive results, past defeats, failures at the beginning of the game, and unexpectedly high results from the opponent).
{"title":"RESEARCHING OF STRESS RESISTANCE AMONG FOOTBALL PLAYERS OF VARIOUS SKILL LEVELS","authors":"Сергій Войтенко, Максим Перепелиця","doi":"10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-180-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-180-189","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance of the topic. Active participation in football competitions creates stressful conditions for players, which negatively affects their psychological resilience and performance in the game. It is noted that individual psychological characteristics, particularly the level of stress resistance, play a significant role in influencing the psychological state of players. However, to date, there is a lack of methods for effectively developing this quality in football players of various skill levels. The purpose – studying the individual psychological and personality traits of football players of various skill levels. Material and Methods. The study involved 43 football players aged from 17 to 21 with various levels of qualification, as well as 6 active football coaches. Research methods: analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, surveys, psychodiagnostic testing of coaches and football players using the \"Stress Factors of Sports Activity\" method, methods of mathematical statistics. Research results and key conclusions. The experimental study of the psychological preparation and stress factors among football players at various stages of long-term training allows for the following conclusions: it has been found that coaches who participated in the survey significantly underestimate the importance of psychological preparation (3-6 %) compared to other types of preparation: physical preparation – (30-37 %), general physical preparation (14-25 %), special physical preparation (15-24 %), and technical preparation (15-20 %). Football players of various skill levels rate psychological preparation significantly higher (23 %), especially after unsuccessful starts in competitions (57 % of the surveyed lost the initial minutes of the game due to anxiety). Stress factors in the sports activities of football players of different qualifications have been identified, with external objective reasons being the most significant (previous poor training and competitive results, past defeats, failures at the beginning of the game, and unexpectedly high results from the opponent).","PeriodicalId":507223,"journal":{"name":"Physical culture sports and health of the nation","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141654971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-154-161
Інна Асаулюк, Дана Олефір, Олександр Мадей
The relevance of the research topic. At the modern level in sports acrobatics the complexity of acrobatic elements and competitive compositions has increased significantly. In turn, it requires from sportsmen much more painstaking work, and therefore the increase of volumes, intensity and some forcing of the process of preparation. High sporting achievements require continuous long-term work, improvement of fitness, which is preceded by a logically built-up process of long- term training. The article highlights the main stages of long-term training, analyses and substantiates their features. It is revealed that the main links of the training process are training, competitions and a number of factors necessary for the growth of performance indicators. Planning the training process of athletes involves taking into account the technical, tactical and physical fitness of athletes. The purpose of the research is to analyse the peculiarities of building an annual macrocycle in men's categories of sports acrobatics. Methods of the research: theoretical analysis, pedagogical observation, questioning, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. It has been established that in the theory and methodology of training athletes, three age zones are distinguished in accordance with which rational programming of the training process takes place. The main components of the system of training athletes in children's and youth sports schools are: annual cycle, mesocycles, microcycles, and training sessions. In sports acrobatics, the duration and structure of long- term training depends on individual and gender characteristics of athletes, age of the beginning of training, structure of competitive activity, regularities of formation of preparedness aspects, formation of adaptation processes, and content of the training process. Conclusion The lack of a detailed description of the features of the construction of the annual cycle of training in sports acrobatics in men's double and group categories was revealed. This issue is reflected in some problems of training athletes, namely in taking into account the age characteristics of athletes and their role when planning the amount of general and special physical training in various structural components of training.
{"title":"GENERAL APPROACHES AND PECULIARITIES OF BUILDING THE TRAINING PROCESS OF ACROBATS","authors":"Інна Асаулюк, Дана Олефір, Олександр Мадей","doi":"10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-154-161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31652/2071-5285-2024-17(36)-154-161","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the research topic. At the modern level in sports acrobatics the complexity of acrobatic elements and competitive compositions has increased significantly. In turn, it requires from sportsmen much more painstaking work, and therefore the increase of volumes, intensity and some forcing of the process of preparation. High sporting achievements require continuous long-term work, improvement of fitness, which is preceded by a logically built-up process of long- term training. The article highlights the main stages of long-term training, analyses and substantiates their features. It is revealed that the main links of the training process are training, competitions and a number of factors necessary for the growth of performance indicators. Planning the training process of athletes involves taking into account the technical, tactical and physical fitness of athletes. The purpose of the research is to analyse the peculiarities of building an annual macrocycle in men's categories of sports acrobatics. Methods of the research: theoretical analysis, pedagogical observation, questioning, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. It has been established that in the theory and methodology of training athletes, three age zones are distinguished in accordance with which rational programming of the training process takes place. The main components of the system of training athletes in children's and youth sports schools are: annual cycle, mesocycles, microcycles, and training sessions. In sports acrobatics, the duration and structure of long- term training depends on individual and gender characteristics of athletes, age of the beginning of training, structure of competitive activity, regularities of formation of preparedness aspects, formation of adaptation processes, and content of the training process. Conclusion The lack of a detailed description of the features of the construction of the annual cycle of training in sports acrobatics in men's double and group categories was revealed. This issue is reflected in some problems of training athletes, namely in taking into account the age characteristics of athletes and their role when planning the amount of general and special physical training in various structural components of training.","PeriodicalId":507223,"journal":{"name":"Physical culture sports and health of the nation","volume":"73 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141653016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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