S. Juliastuti, Erlinda Ningsih, R. Darmawan, N. Hendrianie, O. Rachmaniah
Sidoarjo mud contains potentially valuable minerals, the largest content of which is silica. Silica decomposition from Sidoarjo mud can be done by using alkaline fusion method. The purpose of this study is the recovery of silica from the Sidoarjo mud against variations in Na2CO3 alkaline fusion time. Stages Sidoarjo mud mass ratio Na2CO3 1:3 is inserted into the furnace at a temperature of 700°C with a long alkaline fusion time of 1:1.5;2;2.5; and 3 hours. Based on the calculation results, the best % recovery occurred for 3 hours, which was 48.3%. It can be concluded that the alkaline fusion time can affect the silica decomposition of the Sidoarjo mud
{"title":"Recovery of Silica from Sidoarjo Mud by Alkali Fusion","authors":"S. Juliastuti, Erlinda Ningsih, R. Darmawan, N. Hendrianie, O. Rachmaniah","doi":"10.4028/p-mbgw98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-mbgw98","url":null,"abstract":"Sidoarjo mud contains potentially valuable minerals, the largest content of which is silica. Silica decomposition from Sidoarjo mud can be done by using alkaline fusion method. The purpose of this study is the recovery of silica from the Sidoarjo mud against variations in Na2CO3 alkaline fusion time. Stages Sidoarjo mud mass ratio Na2CO3 1:3 is inserted into the furnace at a temperature of 700°C with a long alkaline fusion time of 1:1.5;2;2.5; and 3 hours. Based on the calculation results, the best % recovery occurred for 3 hours, which was 48.3%. It can be concluded that the alkaline fusion time can affect the silica decomposition of the Sidoarjo mud","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"645 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139835650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oleksii Burlachenko, N. Vigilianska, Cezary Senderowski
The paper presents a study of the formation process of cermet powders based on TiAl intermetallic with the addition of non-metallic refractory compounds. Non-metallic refractory compounds B4C, BN, SiC, and Si3N4 were chosen as strengthening components, improving the mechanical properties and resistance to high-temperature oxidation of TiAl-type intermetallic coatings. The composition of the initial mixtures was selected based on thermodynamic analysis of the interaction between TiAl intermetallic and non-metallic refractory compounds. As a result of the mechanochemical synthesis of powder mixtures, 73TiAl-27B4C, 69TiAl-31BN, 88TiAl-12SiC, and 83TiAl-17Si3N4 (wt. %) cermet powders are formed, consisting of titanium aluminide (TiAl, Ti3Al) phases and refractory compounds of aluminium (AlB2 and AlN) and titanium (TiB2, TiC, TiN, Ti5Si3). The conglomeration technology of produced cermet powders has been developed to enhance fluidity. Using conglomerated powders will provide their constant feed to the high-temperature jet and the formation of dense coatings during thermal spraying.
本文研究了添加非金属耐火化合物的基于 TiAl 金属间化合物的金属陶瓷粉末的形成过程。非金属耐火化合物 B4C、BN、SiC 和 Si3N4 被选为强化成分，可改善 TiAl 型金属间化合物涂层的机械性能和抗高温氧化性。初始混合物的成分是根据 TiAl 金属间化合物和非金属耐火化合物之间相互作用的热力学分析选定的。通过粉末混合物的机械化学合成，形成了 73TiAl-27B4C、69TiAl-31BN、88TiAl-12SiC 和 83TiAl-17Si3N4（重量百分比）的金属陶瓷粉末，由铝化钛（TiAl、Ti3Al）相和铝（AlB2 和 AlN）及钛（TiB2、TiC、TiN、Ti5Si3）的耐火化合物组成。为提高流动性，已开发出生产金属陶瓷粉末的凝结技术。在热喷涂过程中，使用聚结粉末可为高温喷射提供稳定的进料，并形成致密的涂层。
{"title":"Cermet Powders Based on TiAl Intermetallic for Thermal Spraying","authors":"Oleksii Burlachenko, N. Vigilianska, Cezary Senderowski","doi":"10.4028/p-7ris3b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-7ris3b","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a study of the formation process of cermet powders based on TiAl intermetallic with the addition of non-metallic refractory compounds. Non-metallic refractory compounds B4C, BN, SiC, and Si3N4 were chosen as strengthening components, improving the mechanical properties and resistance to high-temperature oxidation of TiAl-type intermetallic coatings. The composition of the initial mixtures was selected based on thermodynamic analysis of the interaction between TiAl intermetallic and non-metallic refractory compounds. As a result of the mechanochemical synthesis of powder mixtures, 73TiAl-27B4C, 69TiAl-31BN, 88TiAl-12SiC, and 83TiAl-17Si3N4 (wt. %) cermet powders are formed, consisting of titanium aluminide (TiAl, Ti3Al) phases and refractory compounds of aluminium (AlB2 and AlN) and titanium (TiB2, TiC, TiN, Ti5Si3). The conglomeration technology of produced cermet powders has been developed to enhance fluidity. Using conglomerated powders will provide their constant feed to the high-temperature jet and the formation of dense coatings during thermal spraying.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"227 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139835765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wisanu Phukaokaew, A. Suksri, T. Wongwuttanasatian
The phase change materials (PCM) based cooling system have gained recent popularity with PV module temperature (TPV) reduction. PCM is an effective thermal energy storage material with the activation of latent heat capacity. Its low heat conductivity has been discovered in several studies. In this study, PCM is chosen to mix with nanoparticles to enhance its thermal conductivity and performance. For an ambient temperature of 38, it is suggested that the melting temperature (Tmelt) of PCM should be between 41 and 44 °C. Nanoparticle composited PCM (nc-PCM) are generated by mixing lauric acid (LA) with three different types of nanoparticles, including aluminum oxide (Al2O3), copper oxide (CuO), and magnesium oxide (MgO) in the following proportions: 100:0, 99:1, 98:2, 94:6, 92:8 and 90:10. It has been shown that the melting points (Tmelt) of the studied nc-PCMs are between 41.18 and 42.47 °C and thermal conductivity increases. According to the findings, the best balance between latent heat of fusion and thermal conductivity should be at 6% nanoparticle. Finally, it is expected that employing these three nc-PCM to reduce the PV module's temperature will enhance PV efficiency.
{"title":"The Modification of Thermal Conductivity of Phase Change Material Using Nano Metal-Oxide Particles","authors":"Wisanu Phukaokaew, A. Suksri, T. Wongwuttanasatian","doi":"10.4028/p-w84kyz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-w84kyz","url":null,"abstract":"The phase change materials (PCM) based cooling system have gained recent popularity with PV module temperature (TPV) reduction. PCM is an effective thermal energy storage material with the activation of latent heat capacity. Its low heat conductivity has been discovered in several studies. In this study, PCM is chosen to mix with nanoparticles to enhance its thermal conductivity and performance. For an ambient temperature of 38, it is suggested that the melting temperature (Tmelt) of PCM should be between 41 and 44 °C. Nanoparticle composited PCM (nc-PCM) are generated by mixing lauric acid (LA) with three different types of nanoparticles, including aluminum oxide (Al2O3), copper oxide (CuO), and magnesium oxide (MgO) in the following proportions: 100:0, 99:1, 98:2, 94:6, 92:8 and 90:10. It has been shown that the melting points (Tmelt) of the studied nc-PCMs are between 41.18 and 42.47 °C and thermal conductivity increases. According to the findings, the best balance between latent heat of fusion and thermal conductivity should be at 6% nanoparticle. Finally, it is expected that employing these three nc-PCM to reduce the PV module's temperature will enhance PV efficiency.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"1 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139773938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jared Deve P. Delicana, Romnick B. Unabia, Jay C. Dulog, Aldrin Lalem, Noel Lito B. Sayson, R. Capangpangan, A. Lubguban, Arnold A. Alguno
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been studied for various applications due to their adjustable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties and facile synthesis. AuNP production has predominantly relied on synthetic chemicals to reduce and stabilize gold precursors. There is an increasing demand for environmentally friendly synthesis methods due to ecological concerns. This work introduced a green synthesis approach using Mangifera indica fruit peel extract. Obtained through maceration of dried fruit peels, this extract served as a reducing agent for gold precursors at 80°C. We obtained varying sizes of AuNPs by manipulating the initial concentration of gold ions: 0.1mM, 0.25mM, and 0.5mM. The UV-vis spectroscopy results confirmed the signature SPR peak for AuNPs around 530 nm, with peak shifts highly dependent on the gold ion concentration. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements revealed hydrodynamic diameters of 89.5 nm, 121.5 nm, and 144.5 nm for the various concentrations. The Fourier transform (FTIR) analysis identified the role of inherent phenols and flavonoids in gold precursor reduction. This study emphasizes the potential of Mangifera indica fruit peel extract as a viable alternative for AuNP synthesis. This study could possibly boost the utilization of gold nanoparticles towards applications in biology and medicine as well as environmental remediation.
{"title":"Size-Dependent Surface Plasmon Resonance of Green Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles Using Mangifera indica Fruit Peel Extract","authors":"Jared Deve P. Delicana, Romnick B. Unabia, Jay C. Dulog, Aldrin Lalem, Noel Lito B. Sayson, R. Capangpangan, A. Lubguban, Arnold A. Alguno","doi":"10.4028/p-92udae","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-92udae","url":null,"abstract":"Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been studied for various applications due to their adjustable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties and facile synthesis. AuNP production has predominantly relied on synthetic chemicals to reduce and stabilize gold precursors. There is an increasing demand for environmentally friendly synthesis methods due to ecological concerns. This work introduced a green synthesis approach using Mangifera indica fruit peel extract. Obtained through maceration of dried fruit peels, this extract served as a reducing agent for gold precursors at 80°C. We obtained varying sizes of AuNPs by manipulating the initial concentration of gold ions: 0.1mM, 0.25mM, and 0.5mM. The UV-vis spectroscopy results confirmed the signature SPR peak for AuNPs around 530 nm, with peak shifts highly dependent on the gold ion concentration. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements revealed hydrodynamic diameters of 89.5 nm, 121.5 nm, and 144.5 nm for the various concentrations. The Fourier transform (FTIR) analysis identified the role of inherent phenols and flavonoids in gold precursor reduction. This study emphasizes the potential of Mangifera indica fruit peel extract as a viable alternative for AuNP synthesis. This study could possibly boost the utilization of gold nanoparticles towards applications in biology and medicine as well as environmental remediation.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139775305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aldrin Lalem, Jay C. Dulog, Jared Deve P. Delicana, Romnick B. Unabia, Noel Lito B. Sayson, R. Capangpangan, A. Lubguban, Arnold A. Alguno
Semiconductor-metal nanocomposites are actively investigated for their diverse applications in emerging fields such as photocatalysis, photovoltaics, and chemical sensing. In this study, we synthesized ZnO semiconductor nanoparticles using a chemical bath deposition method with ZnSO4·7H2O and controlled NH4OH concentrations, facilitated by an anionic surfactant to enable the attachment of Au metal nanoparticles. Au nanoparticles were prepared from HAuCl4 using citrate as a reducing agent, and metal oxide was rapidly introduced to ensure a well-defined nanocomposite with a fixed 75 w/v% composition. Fast Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) and Ultra-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy were used to provide clear evidence of Au/ZnO nanocomposite formation through the presence of distinctive peaks around 359nm and 518nm, with Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) revealing contrasting average sizes for ZnO and Au, highlighting the significant size difference in the Au/ZnO nanocomposites. Additionally, the scanning electron microscopy – energy dispersive x-ray (SEM-EDS) analysis confirmed the successful presence of ZnO nanoparticles. These findings offer insights into the potential applications and unique properties of Au/ZnO nanocomposites for possible photocatalytic applications.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Hierarchical Structure Au/ZnO Nanocomposites for Possible Photocatalytic Applications","authors":"Aldrin Lalem, Jay C. Dulog, Jared Deve P. Delicana, Romnick B. Unabia, Noel Lito B. Sayson, R. Capangpangan, A. Lubguban, Arnold A. Alguno","doi":"10.4028/p-piu3w7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-piu3w7","url":null,"abstract":"Semiconductor-metal nanocomposites are actively investigated for their diverse applications in emerging fields such as photocatalysis, photovoltaics, and chemical sensing. In this study, we synthesized ZnO semiconductor nanoparticles using a chemical bath deposition method with ZnSO4·7H2O and controlled NH4OH concentrations, facilitated by an anionic surfactant to enable the attachment of Au metal nanoparticles. Au nanoparticles were prepared from HAuCl4 using citrate as a reducing agent, and metal oxide was rapidly introduced to ensure a well-defined nanocomposite with a fixed 75 w/v% composition. Fast Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) and Ultra-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy were used to provide clear evidence of Au/ZnO nanocomposite formation through the presence of distinctive peaks around 359nm and 518nm, with Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) revealing contrasting average sizes for ZnO and Au, highlighting the significant size difference in the Au/ZnO nanocomposites. Additionally, the scanning electron microscopy – energy dispersive x-ray (SEM-EDS) analysis confirmed the successful presence of ZnO nanoparticles. These findings offer insights into the potential applications and unique properties of Au/ZnO nanocomposites for possible photocatalytic applications.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139776426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Battery-supercapacitor hybrids (BSHs) are promising energy storage devices that exhibit large energy density, high power density. In this research, BSH devices based on Li4Ti5O12 and Ti3C2 electrodes are fabricated. Through cyclic voltammetry, it is discovered that the kinetics of charging/discharging are diffusion-controlled. 3D Bode plots and Nyquist Plots indicate that bounded diffusion might occur. Regarding the performance, the 70 wt.% Li4Ti5O12-Ti3C2 BSH shows the most balanced specific energy (9.9 mW∙h/kg) and specific power (3.0 W/kg) at 100 mV/s. The largest specific capacitance of the 70 wt.% Li4Ti5O12-Ti3C2 BSH is 81.6 F/kg at 5 mV/s.
{"title":"Electrochemical Characterization of Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Based on Li4Ti5O12 and Ti3C2","authors":"Ziyu He","doi":"10.4028/p-pyqi38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-pyqi38","url":null,"abstract":"Battery-supercapacitor hybrids (BSHs) are promising energy storage devices that exhibit large energy density, high power density. In this research, BSH devices based on Li4Ti5O12 and Ti3C2 electrodes are fabricated. Through cyclic voltammetry, it is discovered that the kinetics of charging/discharging are diffusion-controlled. 3D Bode plots and Nyquist Plots indicate that bounded diffusion might occur. Regarding the performance, the 70 wt.% Li4Ti5O12-Ti3C2 BSH shows the most balanced specific energy (9.9 mW∙h/kg) and specific power (3.0 W/kg) at 100 mV/s. The largest specific capacitance of the 70 wt.% Li4Ti5O12-Ti3C2 BSH is 81.6 F/kg at 5 mV/s.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"49 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139775116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The thermal stability of composite materials based on basalt fibers is determined by the strength of fibers under thermal stress. The decrease in strength occurs due to the crystallization of the original fibers and the development of microcrystalline nuclei in them during heating. Experimental studies of the influence of the processing temperature of continuous basalt fibers on their strength have been carried out. It has been established that the strength of fibers during their heat treatment up to 400оС decreases by 25 % from the initial one. At the temperature of approximately 500оС, the strength of the fibers is almost half. At 600оС, the fiber strength is 20 % of the initial strength. At a processing temperature of 700оС, the fiber is completely destroyed. The main reasons for the decrease in fiber strength are the development of microcrystalline nuclei that have formed in the fibers at the drawing stage in the crystallization zone. From above, this zone is determined by the temperature of the upper limit of melt crystallization, and from below it is limited by the glass transition temperature. The residence time of the melt in this range is the crystallization time. Calculations the speed of movement and the cooling rate of the melt stream during fiber drawing were carried out, which made it possible to determine the temperature zone and time of crystallization. The results of theoretical studies have shown that for the production of fibers used in composites, it is necessary to select such basalts and conditions for the fiber drawing, under which the values of the temperature zone and time of crystallization will be the smallest.
{"title":"Effect of Crystallization Properties of Continuous Basalt Fibers on Thermal Stability of Composite Materials","authors":"S. Ivanitskii, Yurii Chuvashov","doi":"10.4028/p-unbrc9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-unbrc9","url":null,"abstract":"The thermal stability of composite materials based on basalt fibers is determined by the strength of fibers under thermal stress. The decrease in strength occurs due to the crystallization of the original fibers and the development of microcrystalline nuclei in them during heating. Experimental studies of the influence of the processing temperature of continuous basalt fibers on their strength have been carried out. It has been established that the strength of fibers during their heat treatment up to 400оС decreases by 25 % from the initial one. At the temperature of approximately 500оС, the strength of the fibers is almost half. At 600оС, the fiber strength is 20 % of the initial strength. At a processing temperature of 700оС, the fiber is completely destroyed. The main reasons for the decrease in fiber strength are the development of microcrystalline nuclei that have formed in the fibers at the drawing stage in the crystallization zone. From above, this zone is determined by the temperature of the upper limit of melt crystallization, and from below it is limited by the glass transition temperature. The residence time of the melt in this range is the crystallization time. Calculations the speed of movement and the cooling rate of the melt stream during fiber drawing were carried out, which made it possible to determine the temperature zone and time of crystallization. The results of theoretical studies have shown that for the production of fibers used in composites, it is necessary to select such basalts and conditions for the fiber drawing, under which the values of the temperature zone and time of crystallization will be the smallest.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139774472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jared Deve P. Delicana, Romnick B. Unabia, Jay C. Dulog, Aldrin Lalem, Noel Lito B. Sayson, R. Capangpangan, A. Lubguban, Arnold A. Alguno
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been studied for various applications due to their adjustable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties and facile synthesis. AuNP production has predominantly relied on synthetic chemicals to reduce and stabilize gold precursors. There is an increasing demand for environmentally friendly synthesis methods due to ecological concerns. This work introduced a green synthesis approach using Mangifera indica fruit peel extract. Obtained through maceration of dried fruit peels, this extract served as a reducing agent for gold precursors at 80°C. We obtained varying sizes of AuNPs by manipulating the initial concentration of gold ions: 0.1mM, 0.25mM, and 0.5mM. The UV-vis spectroscopy results confirmed the signature SPR peak for AuNPs around 530 nm, with peak shifts highly dependent on the gold ion concentration. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements revealed hydrodynamic diameters of 89.5 nm, 121.5 nm, and 144.5 nm for the various concentrations. The Fourier transform (FTIR) analysis identified the role of inherent phenols and flavonoids in gold precursor reduction. This study emphasizes the potential of Mangifera indica fruit peel extract as a viable alternative for AuNP synthesis. This study could possibly boost the utilization of gold nanoparticles towards applications in biology and medicine as well as environmental remediation.
{"title":"Size-Dependent Surface Plasmon Resonance of Green Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles Using Mangifera indica Fruit Peel Extract","authors":"Jared Deve P. Delicana, Romnick B. Unabia, Jay C. Dulog, Aldrin Lalem, Noel Lito B. Sayson, R. Capangpangan, A. Lubguban, Arnold A. Alguno","doi":"10.4028/p-92udae","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-92udae","url":null,"abstract":"Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been studied for various applications due to their adjustable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties and facile synthesis. AuNP production has predominantly relied on synthetic chemicals to reduce and stabilize gold precursors. There is an increasing demand for environmentally friendly synthesis methods due to ecological concerns. This work introduced a green synthesis approach using Mangifera indica fruit peel extract. Obtained through maceration of dried fruit peels, this extract served as a reducing agent for gold precursors at 80°C. We obtained varying sizes of AuNPs by manipulating the initial concentration of gold ions: 0.1mM, 0.25mM, and 0.5mM. The UV-vis spectroscopy results confirmed the signature SPR peak for AuNPs around 530 nm, with peak shifts highly dependent on the gold ion concentration. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements revealed hydrodynamic diameters of 89.5 nm, 121.5 nm, and 144.5 nm for the various concentrations. The Fourier transform (FTIR) analysis identified the role of inherent phenols and flavonoids in gold precursor reduction. This study emphasizes the potential of Mangifera indica fruit peel extract as a viable alternative for AuNP synthesis. This study could possibly boost the utilization of gold nanoparticles towards applications in biology and medicine as well as environmental remediation.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"170 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139835029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. S. Handayani, Kevin Gabryelle, Miliendi Ananda Setyawan, Annisa Nurul Syabila
Maltodextrin is a short-chain polysaccharide compound resulting from the hydrolysis of starch, which is easily soluble in water, so it has very wide applications for food and health. The production of maltodextrin uses the method of reaction of starch hydrolysis with enzymes carried out using fermenters. The temperature used in the fermenter is 95 °C with a residence time of about 12 hours to reduce the risk of failure in the enzymatic reaction. The stirrer used is a turbine with 6 flat blades. The selection of this type because it has an excellent mixing rate, especially for microscale products. The enzymes that react are alpha-amylase at the liquification stage, and the glucoamylase at the saccharification stage. The yield of maltodextrin is 95% and 5% is the remaining water produced based on the starch hydrolysis process that occurs in the fermenter.
{"title":"Effect of Hydrolysis Reactor Design on Maltodextrin Production","authors":"A. S. Handayani, Kevin Gabryelle, Miliendi Ananda Setyawan, Annisa Nurul Syabila","doi":"10.4028/p-ocuq1d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ocuq1d","url":null,"abstract":"Maltodextrin is a short-chain polysaccharide compound resulting from the hydrolysis of starch, which is easily soluble in water, so it has very wide applications for food and health. The production of maltodextrin uses the method of reaction of starch hydrolysis with enzymes carried out using fermenters. The temperature used in the fermenter is 95 °C with a residence time of about 12 hours to reduce the risk of failure in the enzymatic reaction. The stirrer used is a turbine with 6 flat blades. The selection of this type because it has an excellent mixing rate, especially for microscale products. The enzymes that react are alpha-amylase at the liquification stage, and the glucoamylase at the saccharification stage. The yield of maltodextrin is 95% and 5% is the remaining water produced based on the starch hydrolysis process that occurs in the fermenter.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139835691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shape memory natural rubber (SMNR) is a form of smart material that can memorise its permanent shape in response to temperature. In this article, a phenomenological constitutive model was adopted to predict the stress-strain evolution during the shape memory process of SMNR to understand the behavior of SMNR. A standard linear solid (SLS) model with Kelvin Voigt element was extended with two Mooney Rivlin models to account for the mechanical response, while a thermal strain model represented the change of length during the programming process and recovery process. An external temperature law was constructed to govern the volume fraction change between the soft active and frozen phase. The proposed constitutive model is capable of capturing the stress-strain behaviour of each shape memory step.
{"title":"Experimental and Modelling of Shape Memory Effect of Shape Memory Natural Rubber","authors":"Y. Kow, Ai-Bao Chai, Jee Hou Ho","doi":"10.4028/p-zts6ld","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-zts6ld","url":null,"abstract":"Shape memory natural rubber (SMNR) is a form of smart material that can memorise its permanent shape in response to temperature. In this article, a phenomenological constitutive model was adopted to predict the stress-strain evolution during the shape memory process of SMNR to understand the behavior of SMNR. A standard linear solid (SLS) model with Kelvin Voigt element was extended with two Mooney Rivlin models to account for the mechanical response, while a thermal strain model represented the change of length during the programming process and recovery process. An external temperature law was constructed to govern the volume fraction change between the soft active and frozen phase. The proposed constitutive model is capable of capturing the stress-strain behaviour of each shape memory step.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"1 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139774567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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