The purpose of the present work is studying feature of structure and phase structure thermal processed high-strength pig-iron with spherical graphite. Research has been dictated by difficulty of differentiation of structural components in the normalized pig-iron, especially perlite and top of bainite. It is explained, difficulties of differentiation in nickel pig-iron perlite (sorbite, trostite) and top of bainite: a plenty austenite at the given way of heat treatment undergoes disintegration on evtektoide to the mechanism, and separate plates of bainite ferrite are very fine, as defines similarity of structures at etching in nitric acid and their supervision at small increases. Samples of the same alloy (about 2%Ni), but cooled with the big speed industrially, get structure needle of bainite. It is confirmed, that the quantity austenite increases with rise in temperature austenition. It is installed, that in the pig-iron, cast in the metal form transformation occurs to education of smaller quantity residual austenite. This effect is connected with smaller micro liquation chemical elements, first of all silicon. It is established, that in the pig-iron, cast in the metal form by virtue of specific distribution of chemical elements at crystallization and crushing evtektike grains, manganese is kept in the places corresponding sites ledeburite, and on borders of grains, silicon is distributed in regular more intervals, than in the pig-iron, cast in the sandy form. All this predetermines more uniform and full course of process γ–α of transformation.
{"title":"Study of Microstructural Evolutions in Thermally Processed High-Strength Pig-Iron","authors":"R. Hasanli","doi":"10.4028/p-72a7rg","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-72a7rg","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present work is studying feature of structure and phase structure thermal processed high-strength pig-iron with spherical graphite. Research has been dictated by difficulty of differentiation of structural components in the normalized pig-iron, especially perlite and top of bainite. It is explained, difficulties of differentiation in nickel pig-iron perlite (sorbite, trostite) and top of bainite: a plenty austenite at the given way of heat treatment undergoes disintegration on evtektoide to the mechanism, and separate plates of bainite ferrite are very fine, as defines similarity of structures at etching in nitric acid and their supervision at small increases. Samples of the same alloy (about 2%Ni), but cooled with the big speed industrially, get structure needle of bainite. It is confirmed, that the quantity austenite increases with rise in temperature austenition. It is installed, that in the pig-iron, cast in the metal form transformation occurs to education of smaller quantity residual austenite. This effect is connected with smaller micro liquation chemical elements, first of all silicon. It is established, that in the pig-iron, cast in the metal form by virtue of specific distribution of chemical elements at crystallization and crushing evtektike grains, manganese is kept in the places corresponding sites ledeburite, and on borders of grains, silicon is distributed in regular more intervals, than in the pig-iron, cast in the sandy form. All this predetermines more uniform and full course of process γ–α of transformation.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alemu Gurmessa Gindaba, M. Woldemariam, Senbeto Kena Etana, S. Elangovan
This research work instrumentalizes comprehensively the impacts of independent parameters like surface pressure, external magnetic field, and temperature on statistical thermodynamic quantities free energy, magnetization, occupied surface fraction, and equilibrium length. We approached it differently from a theoretical investigation conducted dealt with the behavioral dependence of surface parameters. Our mechanism was to investigate the interrelation between two dependent variables under exposure to two or more different independent parameters. Thus it seems complicated but it is used to probe surface information from the system at the same pace. We investigated the thermal excitation effect that leads to the detachment of the electron gas in contact with each occupied surface site, which reduces the adsorption of the surface in contrary external magnetic fields and pressure enhances the occupied surface probability of electrons to contact surface sites. Our findings reveal that the solid GaAs surface tends to capture electrons under the influences of external magnetic fields and pressure thus binding electrons and putting additional confining potential meanwhile the surface properties are affected. On the other hand surface, free energy has an inverse relation with magnetization, occupied surface fraction, in the case of equilibrium length it depended on the strong external magnetic fields.
{"title":"Thermodynamic Properties of GaAs Solid Materials Extended to Surface Adsorption under External Magnetic Fields, Pressure, and Temperature","authors":"Alemu Gurmessa Gindaba, M. Woldemariam, Senbeto Kena Etana, S. Elangovan","doi":"10.4028/p-k6exqf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-k6exqf","url":null,"abstract":"This research work instrumentalizes comprehensively the impacts of independent parameters like surface pressure, external magnetic field, and temperature on statistical thermodynamic quantities free energy, magnetization, occupied surface fraction, and equilibrium length. We approached it differently from a theoretical investigation conducted dealt with the behavioral dependence of surface parameters. Our mechanism was to investigate the interrelation between two dependent variables under exposure to two or more different independent parameters. Thus it seems complicated but it is used to probe surface information from the system at the same pace. We investigated the thermal excitation effect that leads to the detachment of the electron gas in contact with each occupied surface site, which reduces the adsorption of the surface in contrary external magnetic fields and pressure enhances the occupied surface probability of electrons to contact surface sites. Our findings reveal that the solid GaAs surface tends to capture electrons under the influences of external magnetic fields and pressure thus binding electrons and putting additional confining potential meanwhile the surface properties are affected. On the other hand surface, free energy has an inverse relation with magnetization, occupied surface fraction, in the case of equilibrium length it depended on the strong external magnetic fields.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140364925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Omod Ojulu, G. Kanthimathi, Raji Fayisa, Ponnusamy Thillai Arasu
The liver, bones, kidneys, teeth, and central nervous system sustain serious damage as a result of heavy metal ions entering the human food chain. In order to improve public health, new techniques must be developed for the rapid, easy, simple, reliable, low-cost, and reliable identification of toxic metal ions.Naked eye detection of hazardous metal ions with Cu (I) fluorescent properties of Cu(I) Complex of with 2, 2′-bipyridine and trans cinnamic acid were investigated. The structure of the fluorescent Cu (I) complex was characterized by conductivity measurement, elemental analysis, UV-Visible and FT-IR. The Cu (I) complex was soluble in dimethylsulfoxide, distilled water, methanol and insoluble in tetrahydrofuran. In the applications, firstly the color of the Cu(I) complex was compared with/without metal ions, and then the measurements were made in the UV-Vis spectrophotometer to exhibit selective and sensitive to Fe3+ ions in DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide) / H2O (water) (v/v, 1:1). Cu(I) complex exhibited absorbance band at 323 nm in dimethylsulfoxide. The absorbance intensity was decreased by Fe (III) and behaves as a turn-off sensor. The sensor showed high selectively and sensitivity toward Fe (III) over the other cations in dimethlsulfoxide solution. The equilibrium binding constant of Cu (I) complex with Fe (III) was 1.9x10 4 M -1 as calculated using stern –volmer equation. The limit of detection was also determined and calculated as 0.219 μM. Based on facts obtained from this study, the author suggests the Copper (I) complex response to Fe (III) rapidly and a large number of consecutive ions showed almost no obvious absorbance change during detection. Copper (I) complex could act as cost effective, selective, specific and sensor for detection of Fe (III) ions over other metal ions.
重金属离子进入人体食物链会对肝脏、骨骼、肾脏、牙齿和中枢神经系统造成严重损害。为了提高公众健康水平，必须开发出快速、简便、可靠、低成本和可靠的有毒金属离子识别新技术。通过电导率测量、元素分析、紫外可见光和傅立叶变换红外光谱对荧光 Cu (I) 复合物的结构进行了表征。Cu (I) 复合物可溶于二甲基亚砜、蒸馏水和甲醇，不溶于四氢呋喃。在应用中，首先比较了 Cu（I）络合物与金属离子的颜色，然后在紫外可见分光光度计中进行测量，以显示在 DMSO（二甲基亚砜）/ H2O（水）（v/v，1:1）中对 Fe3+ 离子的选择性和敏感性。Cu(I) 复合物在二甲基亚砜中的吸光度带为 323 nm。铁（III）会降低吸光度，从而使传感器熄灭。在二甲基亚砜溶液中，该传感器对 Fe (III) 的选择性和灵敏度高于其他阳离子。根据斯特恩-伏尔默方程计算，Cu (I) 与 Fe (III) 复合物的平衡结合常数为 1.9x10 4 M -1 。此外，还测定并计算出检测限为 0.219 μM。根据本研究获得的事实，作者认为铜（I）络合物对铁（III）的反应很快，大量连续离子在检测过程中几乎没有明显的吸光度变化。与其他金属离子相比，铜（I）络合物可作为检测铁（III）离子的低成本、高选择性、特异性传感器。
{"title":"Sensitivity and Selectivity Detection Studies of Fe (III) Using Cu(I) Complex of Schiff Base Material","authors":"Omod Ojulu, G. Kanthimathi, Raji Fayisa, Ponnusamy Thillai Arasu","doi":"10.4028/p-o8mocg","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-o8mocg","url":null,"abstract":"The liver, bones, kidneys, teeth, and central nervous system sustain serious damage as a result of heavy metal ions entering the human food chain. In order to improve public health, new techniques must be developed for the rapid, easy, simple, reliable, low-cost, and reliable identification of toxic metal ions.Naked eye detection of hazardous metal ions with Cu (I) fluorescent properties of Cu(I) Complex of with 2, 2′-bipyridine and trans cinnamic acid were investigated. The structure of the fluorescent Cu (I) complex was characterized by conductivity measurement, elemental analysis, UV-Visible and FT-IR. The Cu (I) complex was soluble in dimethylsulfoxide, distilled water, methanol and insoluble in tetrahydrofuran. In the applications, firstly the color of the Cu(I) complex was compared with/without metal ions, and then the measurements were made in the UV-Vis spectrophotometer to exhibit selective and sensitive to Fe3+ ions in DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide) / H2O (water) (v/v, 1:1). Cu(I) complex exhibited absorbance band at 323 nm in dimethylsulfoxide. The absorbance intensity was decreased by Fe (III) and behaves as a turn-off sensor. The sensor showed high selectively and sensitivity toward Fe (III) over the other cations in dimethlsulfoxide solution. The equilibrium binding constant of Cu (I) complex with Fe (III) was 1.9x10 4 M -1 as calculated using stern –volmer equation. The limit of detection was also determined and calculated as 0.219 μM. Based on facts obtained from this study, the author suggests the Copper (I) complex response to Fe (III) rapidly and a large number of consecutive ions showed almost no obvious absorbance change during detection. Copper (I) complex could act as cost effective, selective, specific and sensor for detection of Fe (III) ions over other metal ions.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An alternative to thermal pyrolysis is catalytic pyrolysis, which provides a higher conversion of raw materials at a lower temperature than thermal pyrolysis, that is, it reduces the energy intensity of the process and increases the selectivity of pyrolysis for lower alkenes.
{"title":"Catalytıc Pyrolysıs Systems of Lıght Hydrocarbons","authors":"Irada Khalafova, Kenan Mammadli","doi":"10.4028/p-54gfxr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-54gfxr","url":null,"abstract":"An alternative to thermal pyrolysis is catalytic pyrolysis, which provides a higher conversion of raw materials at a lower temperature than thermal pyrolysis, that is, it reduces the energy intensity of the process and increases the selectivity of pyrolysis for lower alkenes.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Güden, Yiğit Gürler, Servet Yıldırım, Özkan Dağlıöz, Subhan Namazov
The tensile behavior of an injection mold glass fiber reinforced polyamide matrix composite was determined between 10-6-10-1 s-1 strain rates at 25, 65 and 90°C for the loading axis 0o, 30o and 90o to the fiber plane. Microscopic studies were conducted to identify typical fracture mechanism involved at different temperatures. The composite exhibited the highest flow stress and elastic moduli sensitivities on the strain rate in the 0o specimens, followed by the 30o and 90o specimens. The highest rate sensitivity was detected in the specimens tested at 25°C and the rate sensitivity declined as the test temperature increased from 25°C to 65 and 90°C. The observed rate sensitivity of the composite was ascribed to the rate sensitivity of the matrix while the elevated temperatures enhanced the fiber-matrix bonding.
{"title":"Strain Rate and Temperature Dependent Tensile Failure of a Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyamide Thermoplastic Composite","authors":"M. Güden, Yiğit Gürler, Servet Yıldırım, Özkan Dağlıöz, Subhan Namazov","doi":"10.4028/p-m0sflx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-m0sflx","url":null,"abstract":"The tensile behavior of an injection mold glass fiber reinforced polyamide matrix composite was determined between 10-6-10-1 s-1 strain rates at 25, 65 and 90°C for the loading axis 0o, 30o and 90o to the fiber plane. Microscopic studies were conducted to identify typical fracture mechanism involved at different temperatures. The composite exhibited the highest flow stress and elastic moduli sensitivities on the strain rate in the 0o specimens, followed by the 30o and 90o specimens. The highest rate sensitivity was detected in the specimens tested at 25°C and the rate sensitivity declined as the test temperature increased from 25°C to 65 and 90°C. The observed rate sensitivity of the composite was ascribed to the rate sensitivity of the matrix while the elevated temperatures enhanced the fiber-matrix bonding.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The synthesized carboxyamide compound was obtained by the reaction of cyclohex-3-ene carbonic acid chloroanhydride with 2-aminopyridine. The biologically active property of this compound has been studied. Based on the experience in the pharmacology department, it was determined that the carboxyamide compound can be used as a drug. The experiment was conducted on animals in the laboratory and how those substances affect the cell was studied. Substances can cause certain changes in the body only when they react with the cells of the body and combine with them; for this, the structure of their molecules must be specific. Not only the composition of the molecules, but also all the structural details, including the distribution of their charges and the location of their functional groups, are of great importance. The general structure of molecules of physiologically active substances should correspond to the structure of specific molecules of cells. As a result of biological research, it was determined that this substance has a calming effect on the nervous system, eliminates muscle spasms. It has myorelaxation and antihypoxia properties. Myorelaxation in animals strengthens skeletal muscles. And the antihypoxia effect doubles the duration of life in animals.
{"title":"Biological Properties of Cyclohex-3-Encarbonyl Acid Pyridin-2-Yl Amide Compound","authors":"Nailya Veysova, Vaqifa Huseynova, Aynura Yariyeva, Shukufa Eyvazova","doi":"10.4028/p-gn4mrh","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-gn4mrh","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesized carboxyamide compound was obtained by the reaction of cyclohex-3-ene carbonic acid chloroanhydride with 2-aminopyridine. The biologically active property of this compound has been studied. Based on the experience in the pharmacology department, it was determined that the carboxyamide compound can be used as a drug. The experiment was conducted on animals in the laboratory and how those substances affect the cell was studied. Substances can cause certain changes in the body only when they react with the cells of the body and combine with them; for this, the structure of their molecules must be specific. Not only the composition of the molecules, but also all the structural details, including the distribution of their charges and the location of their functional groups, are of great importance. The general structure of molecules of physiologically active substances should correspond to the structure of specific molecules of cells. As a result of biological research, it was determined that this substance has a calming effect on the nervous system, eliminates muscle spasms. It has myorelaxation and antihypoxia properties. Myorelaxation in animals strengthens skeletal muscles. And the antihypoxia effect doubles the duration of life in animals.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. M. Kumar, S. Paulsingarayar, S. Nagaraja, S. Kalaiselvan
Nanoscale carbon tubes (also referred as CNTs) along with other nanostructures made from carbon could keep you amused as you waiting for your chance to participate in this nanotechnology. Research on carbon nanotubes has attracted an enormous amount of focus from researchers across the world for the significant function that it could have in the growing field of nanotechnology. The MLCNTs were made using these temperatures as the operational parameters using a fatty acid methyl ester formed from peanut oil as a precursor at a flow rate of 20 mL per hour in an environment comprised of argon. The intention of this research is to examine a usual green originator for the production of multiple layer carbon nanotubes (MLCNTs) using the methyl ester of a fatty acid of peanut oil at temperature that range from 725°C to 875°C with intervals of 75°C on Fe-Co assisted on Silica within an atmosphere of argon. The investigation will be concentrated on the production of MLCNTs on Fe-Co assisted on Silica. The as-grown carbon nanomaterials have been studied using SEM, HRTEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopic research. We observed that the yield and diameter of the as-grown MLCNTs were not the same across the entire board for temperatures. The crystalline temperature of the CNTs climbed from 725 degrees Celsius to 800 degrees Celsius initially, and eventually it dropped from 800 degrees Celsius to 875 degrees Celsius. The temperature at which MLCNTs are created may have a bearing on the level of graphitization that they'll show.
{"title":"Impact of Assorted Temperature on Yield and Surface Morphology of Multiple Layers of Carbon Nanotubes by Spurt Pyrolysis Techniques","authors":"N. M. Kumar, S. Paulsingarayar, S. Nagaraja, S. Kalaiselvan","doi":"10.4028/p-vhquz2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-vhquz2","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoscale carbon tubes (also referred as CNTs) along with other nanostructures made from carbon could keep you amused as you waiting for your chance to participate in this nanotechnology. Research on carbon nanotubes has attracted an enormous amount of focus from researchers across the world for the significant function that it could have in the growing field of nanotechnology. The MLCNTs were made using these temperatures as the operational parameters using a fatty acid methyl ester formed from peanut oil as a precursor at a flow rate of 20 mL per hour in an environment comprised of argon. The intention of this research is to examine a usual green originator for the production of multiple layer carbon nanotubes (MLCNTs) using the methyl ester of a fatty acid of peanut oil at temperature that range from 725°C to 875°C with intervals of 75°C on Fe-Co assisted on Silica within an atmosphere of argon. The investigation will be concentrated on the production of MLCNTs on Fe-Co assisted on Silica. The as-grown carbon nanomaterials have been studied using SEM, HRTEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopic research. We observed that the yield and diameter of the as-grown MLCNTs were not the same across the entire board for temperatures. The crystalline temperature of the CNTs climbed from 725 degrees Celsius to 800 degrees Celsius initially, and eventually it dropped from 800 degrees Celsius to 875 degrees Celsius. The temperature at which MLCNTs are created may have a bearing on the level of graphitization that they'll show.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te epitaxial thin films were synthesis on glass substrates by the Molecular Beam Condensation (MBC) method in the vacuum evaporation equipment УВН-71-ПЗ with steam-oil pumping and nitrogen trap at working pressure of residual gas (1÷2)x10-4 Pa. By using additional source of Te vapor and controlling temperature, it has been determined the optimum conditions for obtaining Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te epitaxial films with a perfect structure, clean and smooth surface, without of second phase inclusions. XRD investigations showed that Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te epitaxial films grow on glass substrates on the (111) plane of the face-centered cubic lattice with the lattice parameter of a = 6.481 Å. Effect of γ-irradiation on XRD spectra of Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te epitaxial films reveals that, XRD patterns of initial and γ-irradiated samples did not show any phase transformations, however there is a variation in relative intensities of diffraction peaks. It has been found that Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te epitaxial films with a film thickness of d=15 µm, absorb light up to a wavelength of λ=765 nm and at λ>765 nm the absorption begins to gradually decrease and then the material becomes transparent. The obtained results indicate that Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te epitaxial films absorb light quanta in the visible and infrared spectral regions. Iirradiation of Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te epitaxial films with γ rays at low irradiation doses leads to a change in the optical parameters, the profile of the spectrum curves and the intrinsic absorption edge. In additions to experimental studies, a theoretical ab initio calculations of band structure (BS) of ideal and defective semiconductors of Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te has been also carried out by using Density Functional Theory (DFT) method via Atomistix ToolKit computer program. The band gap energy has been calculated as Eg = 1.6 eV for ferromagnetic (FM) and Eg = 1.7 eV for antiferromagnetic (AFM) state of Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te compound. The results of theoretical calculations on the band gap energy of ideal and defective Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te semiconductors are in a good agreement with experimental findings.
{"title":"Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Structural and Optical Properties of CdMnTe Epitaxial Thin Films","authors":"A. Mekhrabov, Matanat Mehrabova","doi":"10.4028/p-but1qb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-but1qb","url":null,"abstract":"Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te epitaxial thin films were synthesis on glass substrates by the Molecular Beam Condensation (MBC) method in the vacuum evaporation equipment УВН-71-ПЗ with steam-oil pumping and nitrogen trap at working pressure of residual gas (1÷2)x10-4 Pa. By using additional source of Te vapor and controlling temperature, it has been determined the optimum conditions for obtaining Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te epitaxial films with a perfect structure, clean and smooth surface, without of second phase inclusions. XRD investigations showed that Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te epitaxial films grow on glass substrates on the (111) plane of the face-centered cubic lattice with the lattice parameter of a = 6.481 Å. Effect of γ-irradiation on XRD spectra of Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te epitaxial films reveals that, XRD patterns of initial and γ-irradiated samples did not show any phase transformations, however there is a variation in relative intensities of diffraction peaks. It has been found that Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te epitaxial films with a film thickness of d=15 µm, absorb light up to a wavelength of λ=765 nm and at λ>765 nm the absorption begins to gradually decrease and then the material becomes transparent. The obtained results indicate that Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te epitaxial films absorb light quanta in the visible and infrared spectral regions. Iirradiation of Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te epitaxial films with γ rays at low irradiation doses leads to a change in the optical parameters, the profile of the spectrum curves and the intrinsic absorption edge. In additions to experimental studies, a theoretical ab initio calculations of band structure (BS) of ideal and defective semiconductors of Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te has been also carried out by using Density Functional Theory (DFT) method via Atomistix ToolKit computer program. The band gap energy has been calculated as Eg = 1.6 eV for ferromagnetic (FM) and Eg = 1.7 eV for antiferromagnetic (AFM) state of Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te compound. The results of theoretical calculations on the band gap energy of ideal and defective Cd1-0.06Mn0.06Te semiconductors are in a good agreement with experimental findings.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140366398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Investigating the dielectric characteristics and structural alterations in XLPE composites, commonly employed in the insulation of covered conductors, stands as a pivotal research focus. In this study, we examined the variation in dielectric loss (tanδ) concerning frequency and voltage, influenced by thermal aging in XLPE insulation. To achieve this, the samples underwent aging at 120°C for six periods, a total of 450 hours. Furthermore, we conducted PD tests, FTIR, and SEM assessments on the insulation both before and after the aging process. A comprehensive analysis of the material's property changes during thermal aging was performed by comparing the PD test results with the tanδ measurements. In order to delve deeper into the interpretation of these findings because of thermal aging, we explored both internal and surface structural modifications, which directly impact tanδ and PD values, utilizing FTIR and SEM techniques.
{"title":"Investigation of Dielectric Properties and Structural Changes in XLPE Composite Insulation of Covered Conductor due to Thermal Aging","authors":"Mehti Camalov, Elmir Bagirli, Khikmat Aliyev","doi":"10.4028/p-8vtimz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-8vtimz","url":null,"abstract":"Investigating the dielectric characteristics and structural alterations in XLPE composites, commonly employed in the insulation of covered conductors, stands as a pivotal research focus. In this study, we examined the variation in dielectric loss (tanδ) concerning frequency and voltage, influenced by thermal aging in XLPE insulation. To achieve this, the samples underwent aging at 120°C for six periods, a total of 450 hours. Furthermore, we conducted PD tests, FTIR, and SEM assessments on the insulation both before and after the aging process. A comprehensive analysis of the material's property changes during thermal aging was performed by comparing the PD test results with the tanδ measurements. In order to delve deeper into the interpretation of these findings because of thermal aging, we explored both internal and surface structural modifications, which directly impact tanδ and PD values, utilizing FTIR and SEM techniques.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140366927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Mohan, K. H. Ram, D.S. Jenaris, D.S. Manoj Abraham, R. R. Raj
In this research, a NiCrMoFeCoAl-30%Cr3C2 composite finish was deposited using an HVOF technique on the T22 bare steel. Cr3C2 coatings provide excellent durability and corrosion resistance. When manufacturing homogenous and dense Cr3C2 layers with decreased as-deposited greater hardness, surface roughness, and enhanced quality corrosion resistance, high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying with suspension feedstock has been a viable choice. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction have been used to examine the specimen's microstructure. Coating properties such as thickness, microhardness, and porosity were measured.
{"title":"Steel Boiler Tube with HVOF Coating: Peculiarity and Interfacial","authors":"P. Mohan, K. H. Ram, D.S. Jenaris, D.S. Manoj Abraham, R. R. Raj","doi":"10.4028/p-hxpb5z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-hxpb5z","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, a NiCrMoFeCoAl-30%Cr3C2 composite finish was deposited using an HVOF technique on the T22 bare steel. Cr3C2 coatings provide excellent durability and corrosion resistance. When manufacturing homogenous and dense Cr3C2 layers with decreased as-deposited greater hardness, surface roughness, and enhanced quality corrosion resistance, high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying with suspension feedstock has been a viable choice. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction have been used to examine the specimen's microstructure. Coating properties such as thickness, microhardness, and porosity were measured.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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