This study investigates the impact of electrolyte concentration on the electrochemical behavior of copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF), a promising active material for aqueous zinc-ion battery electrodes. Cyclic voltammetry, charge-discharge measurements, and X-ray diffraction analysis were employed to assess the electrochemical reactions and structural integrity of the CuHCF electrode under varying electrolyte concentrations. The results revealed a significant influence of electrolyte concentration on the electrochemical performance of the CuHCF electrode. Specifically, the charge-discharge capacity exhibited an initial increase as the electrolyte concentration increased from 1.0 to 2.0 mol dm‒3, followed by a subsequent decrease. This decrease in capacity was attributed to the occurrence of an electrode/electrolyte interfacial reaction in the low-potential region of 0.0–0.3 V, coupled with structural changes in the CuHCF active material. Notably, these findings underscore the strong correlation between the electrochemical performance of the CuHCF electrode and the hydration structure of zinc ions, as well as the pH of the electrolyte solution. Thus, optimizing the electrolyte composition holds significant potential for enhancing the performance of aqueous zinc-ion batteries employing CuHCF electrodes.
{"title":"Influence of Electrolyte Concentration on the Electrochemical Behavior of Copper Hexacyanoferrate as an Active Material for Zinc-Ion Batteries","authors":"Sangyup Lee, Paul Maldonado Nogales, S. Jeong","doi":"10.4028/p-2jsyvs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-2jsyvs","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of electrolyte concentration on the electrochemical behavior of copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF), a promising active material for aqueous zinc-ion battery electrodes. Cyclic voltammetry, charge-discharge measurements, and X-ray diffraction analysis were employed to assess the electrochemical reactions and structural integrity of the CuHCF electrode under varying electrolyte concentrations. The results revealed a significant influence of electrolyte concentration on the electrochemical performance of the CuHCF electrode. Specifically, the charge-discharge capacity exhibited an initial increase as the electrolyte concentration increased from 1.0 to 2.0 mol dm‒3, followed by a subsequent decrease. This decrease in capacity was attributed to the occurrence of an electrode/electrolyte interfacial reaction in the low-potential region of 0.0–0.3 V, coupled with structural changes in the CuHCF active material. Notably, these findings underscore the strong correlation between the electrochemical performance of the CuHCF electrode and the hydration structure of zinc ions, as well as the pH of the electrolyte solution. Thus, optimizing the electrolyte composition holds significant potential for enhancing the performance of aqueous zinc-ion batteries employing CuHCF electrodes.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140366052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In power transmission systems, gears are the most essential parts. Gear failure would happen at any regular working cycles and it must be avoided with special care. The mode of failure suggests that optimum material and suitable post processing has to be done. Industry demands more efficient, reliable, and lightweight gears. Hence more efficient, reliable, and lightweight gears must be developed and manufactured. Eventhough lot of investment is being done on research and implementing new technologies while manufacturing gears, stills some failures is arised. Many physical factors, including the inappropriate materials composition, may induce gear failure. In this paper, some typical diverse materials, like nylon 6 and glass fibers are mixed with various volume proportions to enhance wear resistance and improve gear’s life. Polymer gears developed in this study offer more superior life than pure nylon gears. All the prepared specimen samples are tested to a variety of studies including Tensile, Compression, Flexural, Impact, TGA and Wear tests. Depreciation is not reducing low, however. 90% nylon 6 + 10 % Glass fiber to 10% nylon 6+ 90Glass fiber 10 % Nylon 6 has mixed for investigation. Based on the investigation, 70% of Nylon 6 + 30% glass fiber has high strength, low wear, and high wear resistance.
{"title":"Investigations on Varying Compositions of Nylon 6 Polymer Matrix Composites for Wear Reduction in Application to Gears","authors":"V. Karthi, N. M. Raj, J. Baskaran","doi":"10.4028/p-dfl7zn","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-dfl7zn","url":null,"abstract":"In power transmission systems, gears are the most essential parts. Gear failure would happen at any regular working cycles and it must be avoided with special care. The mode of failure suggests that optimum material and suitable post processing has to be done. Industry demands more efficient, reliable, and lightweight gears. Hence more efficient, reliable, and lightweight gears must be developed and manufactured. Eventhough lot of investment is being done on research and implementing new technologies while manufacturing gears, stills some failures is arised. Many physical factors, including the inappropriate materials composition, may induce gear failure. In this paper, some typical diverse materials, like nylon 6 and glass fibers are mixed with various volume proportions to enhance wear resistance and improve gear’s life. Polymer gears developed in this study offer more superior life than pure nylon gears. All the prepared specimen samples are tested to a variety of studies including Tensile, Compression, Flexural, Impact, TGA and Wear tests. Depreciation is not reducing low, however. 90% nylon 6 + 10 % Glass fiber to 10% nylon 6+ 90Glass fiber 10 % Nylon 6 has mixed for investigation. Based on the investigation, 70% of Nylon 6 + 30% glass fiber has high strength, low wear, and high wear resistance.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"60 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140366068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Azeez, S. Akande, O. Ikumapayi, J. Kayode, S. Afolalu
Aluminium and its alloys are becoming more widely used in engineering due to a growing need for lightweight metals. However, owing to boundary segregation and coarse dendritic grains, typical cast aluminium alloys have low hardness and strength, limiting their use in large-scale and complex-shaped applications. Many studies have shown that reinforcing aluminium alloy with nanoparticles synthesized by various chemical and physical ways improves these shortcomings, but these approaches are both expensive and potentially dangerous. Recycling aluminium scrap is also necessary to save energy and money. Therefore, this research aimed at production of high tensile strength and hardness from scrapped aluminium reinforced with synthetic nano particle and subjected to heat treatment. The elemental composition of aluminium alloy cast from scrap was analyzed using a Light Emission Polyvac Spectrometer, and gold nanoparticles were synthesized from aloe vera leaves. In creating a Metal Matrix Nano Composite, Al alloy was reinforced with gold nanoparticles at various percentages. At 450 °C, the reinforced Metal Matrix Nano Composite was hardened. The composites' hardness, tensile strength, and microstructural analyses were determined. The composites' grain structure demonstrated a uniform distribution of reinforcing phase of Al 6063 Alloy. The microhardness and tensile strength of the composites are influenced by the % weight proportion of AuNps and the heat treatment. After 3 percent and 6 percent weight of AuNps reinforcement were used, the microhardness/tensile strength of the reinforced sample rose by 22.4 Hv/58MPa and 24.7 Hv/80MPa, respectively, but when the composites were hardened, it climbed to 41 Hv/109 MPa and 45.5 Hv/125 MPa. After 3 percent and 6 percent weight of AuNps reinforcement were used, the microhardness/tensile strength of the reinforced sample rose by 22.4 Hv/58MPa and 24.7 Hv/80MPa, respectively, but when the composites were hardened, it climbed to 41 Hv/109 MPa and 45.5 Hv/125 MPa.
{"title":"Mechanical Properties Response of Heat Treated Recycled Aluminium Alloy Reinforced with Gold Nanoparticle (AuNps) Extracted from Aloe Vera Leaf","authors":"T. Azeez, S. Akande, O. Ikumapayi, J. Kayode, S. Afolalu","doi":"10.4028/p-9lnykp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-9lnykp","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminium and its alloys are becoming more widely used in engineering due to a growing need for lightweight metals. However, owing to boundary segregation and coarse dendritic grains, typical cast aluminium alloys have low hardness and strength, limiting their use in large-scale and complex-shaped applications. Many studies have shown that reinforcing aluminium alloy with nanoparticles synthesized by various chemical and physical ways improves these shortcomings, but these approaches are both expensive and potentially dangerous. Recycling aluminium scrap is also necessary to save energy and money. Therefore, this research aimed at production of high tensile strength and hardness from scrapped aluminium reinforced with synthetic nano particle and subjected to heat treatment. The elemental composition of aluminium alloy cast from scrap was analyzed using a Light Emission Polyvac Spectrometer, and gold nanoparticles were synthesized from aloe vera leaves. In creating a Metal Matrix Nano Composite, Al alloy was reinforced with gold nanoparticles at various percentages. At 450 °C, the reinforced Metal Matrix Nano Composite was hardened. The composites' hardness, tensile strength, and microstructural analyses were determined. The composites' grain structure demonstrated a uniform distribution of reinforcing phase of Al 6063 Alloy. The microhardness and tensile strength of the composites are influenced by the % weight proportion of AuNps and the heat treatment. After 3 percent and 6 percent weight of AuNps reinforcement were used, the microhardness/tensile strength of the reinforced sample rose by 22.4 Hv/58MPa and 24.7 Hv/80MPa, respectively, but when the composites were hardened, it climbed to 41 Hv/109 MPa and 45.5 Hv/125 MPa. After 3 percent and 6 percent weight of AuNps reinforcement were used, the microhardness/tensile strength of the reinforced sample rose by 22.4 Hv/58MPa and 24.7 Hv/80MPa, respectively, but when the composites were hardened, it climbed to 41 Hv/109 MPa and 45.5 Hv/125 MPa.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140408491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electrical tree is a topic that has been extensively studied in recent years. Electrical tree is considered a deterioration of the electrical insulator due to the high voltage field's distortion. Solid insulating materials used in high voltage applications, such as epoxy resin are widely employed due to their high dielectric strength and excellent mechanical properties. This research studies the effect of micro and nanoparticles of Al2O3 and SiO2 on electrical tree inhibition in epoxy resin insulators. Electrical tree inhibition is achieved by incorporating micro and nanoparticles into the polymer material, which possess different properties. Following ASTM D 3756-97, the experiment is conducted with a constant 22 kV voltage and frequency of 50 Hz. Both Al2O3 and SiO2 possess the ability to inhibit the growth of the electrical tree. Experimental results revealed that the addition of Al2O3 and SiO2 to the epoxy resin affected the formation of electric trees. As the quantity of filler increases, fewer electric trees are produced. Additionally, It has an effect on the initial formation time of electric trees. The initial time of the electric tree with the addition of micro/nano(1/3) Al2O3 additives at a ratio of 0.1 wt% was 3.5 times longer when compare with pure epoxy resin.
{"title":"Effect of Micro and Nano Particles of Al2O3 and SiO2 on Electrical Tree Inhibition in Epoxy Resin Insulator","authors":"Mituna Foitong, A. Suksri","doi":"10.4028/p-2fxrkw","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-2fxrkw","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical tree is a topic that has been extensively studied in recent years. Electrical tree is considered a deterioration of the electrical insulator due to the high voltage field's distortion. Solid insulating materials used in high voltage applications, such as epoxy resin are widely employed due to their high dielectric strength and excellent mechanical properties. This research studies the effect of micro and nanoparticles of Al2O3 and SiO2 on electrical tree inhibition in epoxy resin insulators. Electrical tree inhibition is achieved by incorporating micro and nanoparticles into the polymer material, which possess different properties. Following ASTM D 3756-97, the experiment is conducted with a constant 22 kV voltage and frequency of 50 Hz. Both Al2O3 and SiO2 possess the ability to inhibit the growth of the electrical tree. Experimental results revealed that the addition of Al2O3 and SiO2 to the epoxy resin affected the formation of electric trees. As the quantity of filler increases, fewer electric trees are produced. Additionally, It has an effect on the initial formation time of electric trees. The initial time of the electric tree with the addition of micro/nano(1/3) Al2O3 additives at a ratio of 0.1 wt% was 3.5 times longer when compare with pure epoxy resin.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140410107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper evaluated the swelling of graphite resin electrodes developed for utilization in the electrochemical treatment of gold mining wastewater. Graphite-resin electrodes were developed from used dry cells and resin using non-heat treatment processes (segregation). The Microstructure of the electrode was determined using a scanning electron microscope (Carl Zeiss Smart Evo 10) to ascertain the composition of the electrode. The swelling property of the electrodes was measured using the standard method through a combination of gold mining wastewater and chloride salt solutions. Effects of operational factors (particle size, percentage binder and compressive “compacting” pressure) on the swelling of the electrodes were monitored and evaluated statistically (using analysis of variance). Weibull probability distribution (2 and 3 parameters) was applied to the swelling through Microsoft Excel Solver and Moment Likelihood Method to ascertain the usefulness of the electrode in environmental pollution control through computation of reliability. The study revealed that the swelling was in the range of 1.48 % to 2.24 %, particle size (F5,20 =196.48, p = 2.76 x 10-16), percentage binder (F4,12 =181.58, p = 1.27 x 10-10), and compressive pressure (F3,12 = 106.69, p = 6.43 x 10-9) were significant factors that influence swelling of graphite-resin electrode at 95 % confidence level. the values of α and β for 2-parameters Weibull distribution are 63.162 and 15.098, and 1.265 and 10.089 for MSE and MLM methods, respectively. The Table shows that the values of α, β and θ for 3-parameters Weibull distribution are 3.679, 8.097 and 0.168, and 4.350, 7.165 and 0.198 for MSE and MLM methods, respectively. It was concluded that particle size and compacting pressure are significant factors that had an effect on the swelling of graphite resin electrodes for treatment water and wastewater.
{"title":"Weibull Technique for Evaluation of Swelling: Composite Graphite Resin Electrode for Electrochemical Treatment of Gold Mining Wastewaters","authors":"Kunle Opeyemi Olayanju, K. Bolorunduro, I. Oke","doi":"10.4028/p-t1xgm5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-t1xgm5","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluated the swelling of graphite resin electrodes developed for utilization in the electrochemical treatment of gold mining wastewater. Graphite-resin electrodes were developed from used dry cells and resin using non-heat treatment processes (segregation). The Microstructure of the electrode was determined using a scanning electron microscope (Carl Zeiss Smart Evo 10) to ascertain the composition of the electrode. The swelling property of the electrodes was measured using the standard method through a combination of gold mining wastewater and chloride salt solutions. Effects of operational factors (particle size, percentage binder and compressive “compacting” pressure) on the swelling of the electrodes were monitored and evaluated statistically (using analysis of variance). Weibull probability distribution (2 and 3 parameters) was applied to the swelling through Microsoft Excel Solver and Moment Likelihood Method to ascertain the usefulness of the electrode in environmental pollution control through computation of reliability. The study revealed that the swelling was in the range of 1.48 % to 2.24 %, particle size (F5,20 =196.48, p = 2.76 x 10-16), percentage binder (F4,12 =181.58, p = 1.27 x 10-10), and compressive pressure (F3,12 = 106.69, p = 6.43 x 10-9) were significant factors that influence swelling of graphite-resin electrode at 95 % confidence level. the values of α and β for 2-parameters Weibull distribution are 63.162 and 15.098, and 1.265 and 10.089 for MSE and MLM methods, respectively. The Table shows that the values of α, β and θ for 3-parameters Weibull distribution are 3.679, 8.097 and 0.168, and 4.350, 7.165 and 0.198 for MSE and MLM methods, respectively. It was concluded that particle size and compacting pressure are significant factors that had an effect on the swelling of graphite resin electrodes for treatment water and wastewater.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140411574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Composite material has been widely used in various industries because of its superior properties. But when used in harsh environment the composite material is susceptible to aging under the influence of UV radiation, water, temperature, humidity and other natural environmental medium. To evaluate the environmental adaptability of composite material, exposed 3238A/CCF300 in marine atmospheric environment for 3 year. The results show that the morphology exhibit brightness enhancement and surface resin decomposition. And the mechanical properties including 90° tensile strength, 0° compressive strength, bending strength, shear strength have all decline, amongst which the 90° tensile strength declines 55.4%, is most sensitive to marine atmospheric environment. Finally analyses the failure mechanism of 3238A/CCF300 due to the combination of heat-humidity aging and photo-degradation process.
{"title":"Evaluation of Marine Atmospheric Environmental Adaptability of 3238A/CCF300 Composite Material","authors":"Jian Kun Wang, Jin Mei Wang, Ming Liu","doi":"10.4028/p-nfie6v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-nfie6v","url":null,"abstract":"Composite material has been widely used in various industries because of its superior properties. But when used in harsh environment the composite material is susceptible to aging under the influence of UV radiation, water, temperature, humidity and other natural environmental medium. To evaluate the environmental adaptability of composite material, exposed 3238A/CCF300 in marine atmospheric environment for 3 year. The results show that the morphology exhibit brightness enhancement and surface resin decomposition. And the mechanical properties including 90° tensile strength, 0° compressive strength, bending strength, shear strength have all decline, amongst which the 90° tensile strength declines 55.4%, is most sensitive to marine atmospheric environment. Finally analyses the failure mechanism of 3238A/CCF300 due to the combination of heat-humidity aging and photo-degradation process.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140412173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Ozor, V. S. Aigbodion, Nkiruka Eveth Nwobodo-Anyadiegwu
In this study, effort was made to develop novel, cutting-edge composite materials consisting of conducting Al-CNTs and green synthesis silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Spark plasma sintering (SPS) and very intense ball milling were used to develop the composites. The nanocomposites' microstructure, thermal and electrical conductivity were determined. Al-4%CNTs was refined into finer grains when AgNPs are present. The Al-4%CNTs+2%Ag.NPs composite produces a higher dislocation density because of the production of sub-grain. Al-AgNPs + CNTs can be used to make conductors with a high aspect ratio and lower contact resistance at the CNT junctions. It was established that enhanced electrical and thermal conductivity can be obtained using the developed AgNPs from sustainable materials to increase the dispersion of CNTs in Al for the production of high tensile conductors.
{"title":"Novel Enhancement Opportunities in the Thermal and Electrical Conductivity of α-Al-CNTs+AgNPs Nanocomposites","authors":"P. Ozor, V. S. Aigbodion, Nkiruka Eveth Nwobodo-Anyadiegwu","doi":"10.4028/p-jo9h3f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-jo9h3f","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, effort was made to develop novel, cutting-edge composite materials consisting of conducting Al-CNTs and green synthesis silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Spark plasma sintering (SPS) and very intense ball milling were used to develop the composites. The nanocomposites' microstructure, thermal and electrical conductivity were determined. Al-4%CNTs was refined into finer grains when AgNPs are present. The Al-4%CNTs+2%Ag.NPs composite produces a higher dislocation density because of the production of sub-grain. Al-AgNPs + CNTs can be used to make conductors with a high aspect ratio and lower contact resistance at the CNT junctions. It was established that enhanced electrical and thermal conductivity can be obtained using the developed AgNPs from sustainable materials to increase the dispersion of CNTs in Al for the production of high tensile conductors.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"20 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140414196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this article was to study the corrugated bagasse fiber composite roofing properties of adhesive substances that are widely used in any industry. PF and pMDI were used as adhesives in this study at equal concentrations to determine the physical properties, and mechanical properties of corrugated roof tiles made from bagasse fiber composite materials, which were achieved from the waste of the sugar industry in Thailand to create a value-added. The corrugated dimensions of 400 mm in width, 400 mm in length, and 6 mm in thickness were manufactured and followed the standard densities of 400, 600, and 800 kg/m3. The results of the physical, and mechanical properties test reveal both PF and pMDI acquired optimal 800 kg/m3 densities with excellent moisture content. The modulus of elasticity and rupture, including impact strength, are also very impressive at high densities.
{"title":"Enhanced the Bagasse Corrugated Fiber Composite Roofing Properties with Adhesive Substances","authors":"Phoopat Bharuedha, S. Prayoon, B. Kittisak","doi":"10.4028/p-zkgmc7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-zkgmc7","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this article was to study the corrugated bagasse fiber composite roofing properties of adhesive substances that are widely used in any industry. PF and pMDI were used as adhesives in this study at equal concentrations to determine the physical properties, and mechanical properties of corrugated roof tiles made from bagasse fiber composite materials, which were achieved from the waste of the sugar industry in Thailand to create a value-added. The corrugated dimensions of 400 mm in width, 400 mm in length, and 6 mm in thickness were manufactured and followed the standard densities of 400, 600, and 800 kg/m3. The results of the physical, and mechanical properties test reveal both PF and pMDI acquired optimal 800 kg/m3 densities with excellent moisture content. The modulus of elasticity and rupture, including impact strength, are also very impressive at high densities.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140410694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Suherman, Idial Vatra, Talitha Amalia Suherman, I. Irmayani
Kenaf fiber possesses the capability for application in bio-composite materials, owing to its appealing mechanical and physical properties. This research aimed to achieve the optimum flexural strength of kenaf fiber/epoxy bio-composites materials with variations in kenaf fiber content, curing time, and curing temperature using a casting process. This study found that kenaf fiber addition increased the flexural strength of kenaf fiber/epoxy bio-composite, by varying curing time (30, 45, and 60 minutes) and curing temperature (60, 90, and 150 °C). The results showed that the highest flexural strength was obtained at 90°C (72.5 MPa) at 20/80 kenaf fiber content, at various curing temperatures. Meanwhile, the same highest flexural strength value (72.5 MPa) was also obtained for 20/80 kenaf fiber content, 45 minutes at various curing times. SEM image shows that 20 Wt.% kenaf fiber content has a better dispersion compared with 10 Wt.% so that affects the flexural strength value.
{"title":"Flexural Strength of Kenaf Fibers/Epoxy Bio-Composites: Content of Kenaf Fiber, Curing Times and Curing Temperatures","authors":"H. Suherman, Idial Vatra, Talitha Amalia Suherman, I. Irmayani","doi":"10.4028/p-j6xjce","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-j6xjce","url":null,"abstract":"Kenaf fiber possesses the capability for application in bio-composite materials, owing to its appealing mechanical and physical properties. This research aimed to achieve the optimum flexural strength of kenaf fiber/epoxy bio-composites materials with variations in kenaf fiber content, curing time, and curing temperature using a casting process. This study found that kenaf fiber addition increased the flexural strength of kenaf fiber/epoxy bio-composite, by varying curing time (30, 45, and 60 minutes) and curing temperature (60, 90, and 150 °C). The results showed that the highest flexural strength was obtained at 90°C (72.5 MPa) at 20/80 kenaf fiber content, at various curing temperatures. Meanwhile, the same highest flexural strength value (72.5 MPa) was also obtained for 20/80 kenaf fiber content, 45 minutes at various curing times. SEM image shows that 20 Wt.% kenaf fiber content has a better dispersion compared with 10 Wt.% so that affects the flexural strength value.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"2020 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140416168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rohit C. Tilwani, P. A. D. De Yro, Hirofumi Nakano
Cellulose nanosphere (CNS) is a novel material isolated through delignification, bleaching, acid hydrolysis, dialysis, and sonication of cellulose fibers from agricultural wastes such as corn husk and rice straw. Comparative examination through multiple characterizations of CNS from these cellulose sources was conducted to investigate its potential applications. Corn husk cellulose nanospheres (CHCNS) and rice straw cellulose nanospheres (RSCNS) were characterized by its chemical characteristics, crystallinity, surface morphology and thermal stability. FTIR showed the same transmittance patterns for both CNS samples. The peaks for CHCNS and RSCNS in the NMR analysis were comparable, and the presence of toluene enabled the CNS dissolve better in DMSO-d6. Higher crystallinity index was calculated in CHCNS than in RSCNS according to XRD analysis. TEM analysis demonstrated that CHCNS has shorter diameter than RSCNS. Lower onset degradation temperature relative to their corresponding bleached cellulose fiber was determined through TG Analysis. Biomedical applications such as drug delivery, wound dressings and tissue engineering are the most suitable applications based on the profiles of both CNS samples.
{"title":"Comparative Examination of Cellulose Nanosphere from Corn Husk and Rice Straw","authors":"Rohit C. Tilwani, P. A. D. De Yro, Hirofumi Nakano","doi":"10.4028/p-btm3ib","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-btm3ib","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulose nanosphere (CNS) is a novel material isolated through delignification, bleaching, acid hydrolysis, dialysis, and sonication of cellulose fibers from agricultural wastes such as corn husk and rice straw. Comparative examination through multiple characterizations of CNS from these cellulose sources was conducted to investigate its potential applications. Corn husk cellulose nanospheres (CHCNS) and rice straw cellulose nanospheres (RSCNS) were characterized by its chemical characteristics, crystallinity, surface morphology and thermal stability. FTIR showed the same transmittance patterns for both CNS samples. The peaks for CHCNS and RSCNS in the NMR analysis were comparable, and the presence of toluene enabled the CNS dissolve better in DMSO-d6. Higher crystallinity index was calculated in CHCNS than in RSCNS according to XRD analysis. TEM analysis demonstrated that CHCNS has shorter diameter than RSCNS. Lower onset degradation temperature relative to their corresponding bleached cellulose fiber was determined through TG Analysis. Biomedical applications such as drug delivery, wound dressings and tissue engineering are the most suitable applications based on the profiles of both CNS samples.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140414850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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