H. Ardiyanti, Ni’matil Mabarroh, Nur Aji Wibowo, N. Istiqomah, M. Absor, E. Suharyadi
The performance of a commercial GMR with a double-chip configuration has been investigated for detecting nanotag. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as tags were synthesized by co-precipitation method based on green synthesis using Moringa oleifera (MO) extract. Fe3O4 showed a soft ferromagnetic material and a magnetic saturation of 55.0 emu/g. MNPs-ethanol solution are dropped onto the surface of each chip of the sensing element. As a comparison, the performance of a single-chip configuration is also investigated. Obtained bias magnetic field used as a magnetic field sensing double-chip sensor is 3.8 Oe smaller than the single-chip sensor, which is 4.3 Oe, confirmed by the shift in the value of the first derivative order. Configuration of double-chip sensor in detecting Fe3O4 has a smaller LoD of 2.4 mg/mL compared to the single-chip configuration of 3.8 mg/mL. Therefore, Green-synthesized Fe3O4 as biocompatible magnetic tags in combination with commercial GMR sensors using double-chip configuration is promising for magnetic-based biosensor applications in driving more responsive detection and enabling portability by using a smaller energy source.
{"title":"Direct Detection of Green-Synthesized Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanotag Using Double-Chip Configuration of Commercial Giant Magnetoresistance Sensor","authors":"H. Ardiyanti, Ni’matil Mabarroh, Nur Aji Wibowo, N. Istiqomah, M. Absor, E. Suharyadi","doi":"10.4028/p-etdd12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-etdd12","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of a commercial GMR with a double-chip configuration has been investigated for detecting nanotag. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as tags were synthesized by co-precipitation method based on green synthesis using Moringa oleifera (MO) extract. Fe3O4 showed a soft ferromagnetic material and a magnetic saturation of 55.0 emu/g. MNPs-ethanol solution are dropped onto the surface of each chip of the sensing element. As a comparison, the performance of a single-chip configuration is also investigated. Obtained bias magnetic field used as a magnetic field sensing double-chip sensor is 3.8 Oe smaller than the single-chip sensor, which is 4.3 Oe, confirmed by the shift in the value of the first derivative order. Configuration of double-chip sensor in detecting Fe3O4 has a smaller LoD of 2.4 mg/mL compared to the single-chip configuration of 3.8 mg/mL. Therefore, Green-synthesized Fe3O4 as biocompatible magnetic tags in combination with commercial GMR sensors using double-chip configuration is promising for magnetic-based biosensor applications in driving more responsive detection and enabling portability by using a smaller energy source.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140440127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Okky Putri Prastuti, F. Martak, Y. Kurniati, Hanna Eryati Nur'ain, Devi Ardelia Wardani
The rapid development of the timber industry has caused the total capacity of the Indonesian timber industry to exceed the ability of production forests to provide raw materials sustainably. One of the industries that require a supply of wood as its main raw material is the furniture industry. The raw materials for furniture that are commonly used are logs and planks. In recent years, there has been the development of new materials that use natural fibers as polymer reinforcement, which can be used to replace wood materials. The material is a natural fiber composite. Composite materials reinforced with natural fibers are widely used in aerospace, automotive, circuit boards and other applications. One of the natural fibers that can be used as a composite is straw fiber. This high proportion of cellulose in straw fiber can be used for several things, one of which is composite materials. The utilization of rice straw fiber and epoxy as raw materials for making composites is an alternative to overcoming the increasing demand for wood. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of volume fraction and alkalization treatment on the physical and mechanical characteristics of straw fiber composites, also to determine and analyze the effect of adding a coating of PE/SiO2 on the hydrophobic characteristics of straw fiber composites. The physical and mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated based on the SNI 03-2059-2006 and SNI-01-4449-2006 standard. The volume fractions used are 40%, 50%, and 60%. The length of the fiber used is 5 mm. And the alkalization variables used were 5% and 10% NaOH with 4 and 8 hours of immersion. The compressive strength decreased by adding fiber volume fraction and increased by higher treatment alkalization. The coating method can produce composite with the contact angle value of more than 90o.
{"title":"The Effect of Volume Fraction and Alkalization Treatment on Characteristic of Straw-Epoxy Hydrophobic Composites with Coating Method","authors":"Okky Putri Prastuti, F. Martak, Y. Kurniati, Hanna Eryati Nur'ain, Devi Ardelia Wardani","doi":"10.4028/p-k8uoii","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-k8uoii","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid development of the timber industry has caused the total capacity of the Indonesian timber industry to exceed the ability of production forests to provide raw materials sustainably. One of the industries that require a supply of wood as its main raw material is the furniture industry. The raw materials for furniture that are commonly used are logs and planks. In recent years, there has been the development of new materials that use natural fibers as polymer reinforcement, which can be used to replace wood materials. The material is a natural fiber composite. Composite materials reinforced with natural fibers are widely used in aerospace, automotive, circuit boards and other applications. One of the natural fibers that can be used as a composite is straw fiber. This high proportion of cellulose in straw fiber can be used for several things, one of which is composite materials. The utilization of rice straw fiber and epoxy as raw materials for making composites is an alternative to overcoming the increasing demand for wood. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of volume fraction and alkalization treatment on the physical and mechanical characteristics of straw fiber composites, also to determine and analyze the effect of adding a coating of PE/SiO2 on the hydrophobic characteristics of straw fiber composites. The physical and mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated based on the SNI 03-2059-2006 and SNI-01-4449-2006 standard. The volume fractions used are 40%, 50%, and 60%. The length of the fiber used is 5 mm. And the alkalization variables used were 5% and 10% NaOH with 4 and 8 hours of immersion. The compressive strength decreased by adding fiber volume fraction and increased by higher treatment alkalization. The coating method can produce composite with the contact angle value of more than 90o.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140440960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurul Fazlin Adnan, N. Salim, N.H.A. Bakar, Rasidi Bin Roslan, S. N. Sarmin, Mohamad Haafiz Mohamad Kassim, Mohd Hazim Mohamad Amini
A hybrid composite is a combination of two or more reinforced in a matrix. Hybrid composite will give better properties as compared to individual fiber-reinforced polymer composites. This research aims to study the effect of different fiber layer orientations on the properties of hybrid kenaf/fiberglass polyester matrix composite. Two types of the composite were produced which are Sample 1, the fiber layer orientation is fiberglass, kenaf fiber, kenaf fiber and fiberglass (FG-K-K-FG), and Sample 2, the fiber layer orientation is fiberglass, kenaf fiber, fiberglass, and kenaf fiber (FG-K-FG-K). The composite is manufactured using the hand lay-up technique and hot pressed. 50 g of unsaturated polyester resin and 12 g of hardener, Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide (MEKP) were mixed and applied on top of every layer of fiber before being compressed at 100°C for 10 minutes. The properties of the hybrid composite were determined by completing five types of tests which are tensile test, impact test, water absorption test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that Sample 2 (FG-K-FG-K) has higher tensile strength compared to Sample 1 (FG-K-K-FG) with the value of 30.97 MPa and 0.23 MPa respectively. For the water absorption test, Sample 1 (FG-K-K-FG) with a value of 239.21% has the highest water absorption properties compared to Sample 2 (FG-K-FG-K) with a value of 180.22%. Samples 1 and 2 have no obvious differences in terms of their thermal stability characteristics for the TGA test. For SEM, it is observed that both samples showed an attachment of adhesive between fiber layers and matrix. The overall conclusion is Sample 2 (FG-K-FG-K) has high mechanical properties but needs improvement for low water absorption.
{"title":"The Effect of Fiber Layer Orientation on the Properties of Hybrid Kenaf/Fiberglass Polyester Matrix Composite","authors":"Nurul Fazlin Adnan, N. Salim, N.H.A. Bakar, Rasidi Bin Roslan, S. N. Sarmin, Mohamad Haafiz Mohamad Kassim, Mohd Hazim Mohamad Amini","doi":"10.4028/p-9j6zwy","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-9j6zwy","url":null,"abstract":"A hybrid composite is a combination of two or more reinforced in a matrix. Hybrid composite will give better properties as compared to individual fiber-reinforced polymer composites. This research aims to study the effect of different fiber layer orientations on the properties of hybrid kenaf/fiberglass polyester matrix composite. Two types of the composite were produced which are Sample 1, the fiber layer orientation is fiberglass, kenaf fiber, kenaf fiber and fiberglass (FG-K-K-FG), and Sample 2, the fiber layer orientation is fiberglass, kenaf fiber, fiberglass, and kenaf fiber (FG-K-FG-K). The composite is manufactured using the hand lay-up technique and hot pressed. 50 g of unsaturated polyester resin and 12 g of hardener, Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide (MEKP) were mixed and applied on top of every layer of fiber before being compressed at 100°C for 10 minutes. The properties of the hybrid composite were determined by completing five types of tests which are tensile test, impact test, water absorption test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that Sample 2 (FG-K-FG-K) has higher tensile strength compared to Sample 1 (FG-K-K-FG) with the value of 30.97 MPa and 0.23 MPa respectively. For the water absorption test, Sample 1 (FG-K-K-FG) with a value of 239.21% has the highest water absorption properties compared to Sample 2 (FG-K-FG-K) with a value of 180.22%. Samples 1 and 2 have no obvious differences in terms of their thermal stability characteristics for the TGA test. For SEM, it is observed that both samples showed an attachment of adhesive between fiber layers and matrix. The overall conclusion is Sample 2 (FG-K-FG-K) has high mechanical properties but needs improvement for low water absorption.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nada Mustika Maisarah, S. Nurkhamidah, A. Altway, S. Susianto, F. Taufany, Zumatul Atiko Islamiyah Cahyo, Dewi Puspita Sari, Y. Rahmawati
The decrease in kidney function is caused by an increase in creatinine and urea levels in the blood; this is the cause of chronic kidney failure (GGK) in patients. Hemodialysis membrane technology is an alternative treatment for chronic renal failure by separating dissolved components in the blood, such as creatinine and urea, using dialysate fluid by passing through the membrane pores. Therefore, the characteristics of hemodialysis membranes become essential to meet the requirements of a dialyzer. This study aimed to compare the features of the resulting hemodialysis membrane with several commercial membranes. In this study, there were four kinds of commercial membranes used, namely F8HPS, FX80, LO PS 15, and Nipro Elisio 15-H, were compared with membrane products that have variations in the composition of polyethylene (PES) using N-methyl-2-pyrolidone (NMP) solvents are 22.5; 24; and 25%. The membrane manufacturing method uses nonsolvent-induced precipitation (NISP). The resulting hollow fiber membrane is characterized by surface morphology using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), functional groups (FT-IR), and tensile test analysis (DMA). The results showed that the composition of PES/NMP is 25%, close to the characteristics of Nipro Elisio 15-H.
{"title":"The Comparison of Polyethersulfone (PES)/N-Methyl 2-Pyrrolidone (NMP) on the Fabrication of Hollow Fiber Membranes with Commercial Membranes for Applications Hemodialysis","authors":"Nada Mustika Maisarah, S. Nurkhamidah, A. Altway, S. Susianto, F. Taufany, Zumatul Atiko Islamiyah Cahyo, Dewi Puspita Sari, Y. Rahmawati","doi":"10.4028/p-h8yuss","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-h8yuss","url":null,"abstract":"The decrease in kidney function is caused by an increase in creatinine and urea levels in the blood; this is the cause of chronic kidney failure (GGK) in patients. Hemodialysis membrane technology is an alternative treatment for chronic renal failure by separating dissolved components in the blood, such as creatinine and urea, using dialysate fluid by passing through the membrane pores. Therefore, the characteristics of hemodialysis membranes become essential to meet the requirements of a dialyzer. This study aimed to compare the features of the resulting hemodialysis membrane with several commercial membranes. In this study, there were four kinds of commercial membranes used, namely F8HPS, FX80, LO PS 15, and Nipro Elisio 15-H, were compared with membrane products that have variations in the composition of polyethylene (PES) using N-methyl-2-pyrolidone (NMP) solvents are 22.5; 24; and 25%. The membrane manufacturing method uses nonsolvent-induced precipitation (NISP). The resulting hollow fiber membrane is characterized by surface morphology using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), functional groups (FT-IR), and tensile test analysis (DMA). The results showed that the composition of PES/NMP is 25%, close to the characteristics of Nipro Elisio 15-H.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ardista Izdhihar Kaloka, Hubbi Hikmatu Ilma, B. Airlangga, A. Syaifudin, Sumarno Sumarno
Poly (methyl methacrylate) or PMMA is an acrylic material has been used widely as a denture base material. The denture base materials should exhibit good mechanical properties and dimensional stability in moist environment. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) as a filler is added to improve the mechanical properties of the denture base. Process for the manufacture of denture base composites consists of a synthesis of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) with suspension polymerization process, treatment filler hydroxyapatite, mixing component powder and liquid, molding and curing process. hydroxyapatite concentrations used were 0%, 1.5%, 3%, 4.5%, 6%, 7.5% and 9%. Characterization of PMMA product resulted an average particle size of 48.7 microns, dominant percentage of taxicity in atactic 39.5% and syndiotactic 60.7%. In the FTIR spectra, no impurity compounds were detected in PMMA products. The highest tensile strength value was found in hydroxyapatite which contained 6%, which was 63.87 MPa according to the PMMA standard for denture base.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Hydroxyapatite as a Filler in Denture Base Materials Based on Polymethyl Methacrylate to Improving Mechanical Properties","authors":"Ardista Izdhihar Kaloka, Hubbi Hikmatu Ilma, B. Airlangga, A. Syaifudin, Sumarno Sumarno","doi":"10.4028/p-zm9v0r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-zm9v0r","url":null,"abstract":"Poly (methyl methacrylate) or PMMA is an acrylic material has been used widely as a denture base material. The denture base materials should exhibit good mechanical properties and dimensional stability in moist environment. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) as a filler is added to improve the mechanical properties of the denture base. Process for the manufacture of denture base composites consists of a synthesis of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) with suspension polymerization process, treatment filler hydroxyapatite, mixing component powder and liquid, molding and curing process. hydroxyapatite concentrations used were 0%, 1.5%, 3%, 4.5%, 6%, 7.5% and 9%. Characterization of PMMA product resulted an average particle size of 48.7 microns, dominant percentage of taxicity in atactic 39.5% and syndiotactic 60.7%. In the FTIR spectra, no impurity compounds were detected in PMMA products. The highest tensile strength value was found in hydroxyapatite which contained 6%, which was 63.87 MPa according to the PMMA standard for denture base.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trias Ayu Ayu Laksanawati, M. H. Khirzin, Maghfirotul Amaniyah, Karina Meidayanti
In this study, composite films were prepared from modified taro starch with the addition of duck bone gelatin using varying percentages (0%, 5%, 15%, 25%, 35% of the total solids weight) by solution casting method. The mixing of duck bone gelatin on taro starch films was studied as a new approach for composite films from natural materials that are environmentally friendly and have good physical properties. This study aimed to obtain information on the effect of the percentage variation of duck bone gelatin on the composite film on the density, transparency, crystallinity and thermal properties. The results of revealed that the addition of duck bone gelatin concentration had no significant effect (p>0.05) on the density of the composite films, but had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the transparency and termal properties. Crystallinity analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique showed that the composite films product has a semicrystalline structure with low crystallinity. DSC scan showed that the composite film with the addition of 5% duck bone gelatin gave high thermal stability values with melting temperature (Tm) 181.86°C and melting enthalpy (ΔHm) 252.73 J/g. The TGA results confirmed that the thermal stability of the composite film at the concentration of 5% duck bone gelatin had a weight loss of 37.48 % in the temperature range (296.74-500°C).
{"title":"Characterization of Composite Films from Taro Starch Modified with the Addition of Duck Bone Gelatin","authors":"Trias Ayu Ayu Laksanawati, M. H. Khirzin, Maghfirotul Amaniyah, Karina Meidayanti","doi":"10.4028/p-u3vpn2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-u3vpn2","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, composite films were prepared from modified taro starch with the addition of duck bone gelatin using varying percentages (0%, 5%, 15%, 25%, 35% of the total solids weight) by solution casting method. The mixing of duck bone gelatin on taro starch films was studied as a new approach for composite films from natural materials that are environmentally friendly and have good physical properties. This study aimed to obtain information on the effect of the percentage variation of duck bone gelatin on the composite film on the density, transparency, crystallinity and thermal properties. The results of revealed that the addition of duck bone gelatin concentration had no significant effect (p>0.05) on the density of the composite films, but had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the transparency and termal properties. Crystallinity analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique showed that the composite films product has a semicrystalline structure with low crystallinity. DSC scan showed that the composite film with the addition of 5% duck bone gelatin gave high thermal stability values with melting temperature (Tm) 181.86°C and melting enthalpy (ΔHm) 252.73 J/g. The TGA results confirmed that the thermal stability of the composite film at the concentration of 5% duck bone gelatin had a weight loss of 37.48 % in the temperature range (296.74-500°C).","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. P. Anugraha, Sheila Tobing, G. Maniam, Dao Hua Zhang, P. Chutima
{"title":"Polymers, Composites, Nano- and Bio- Materials","authors":"R. P. Anugraha, Sheila Tobing, G. Maniam, Dao Hua Zhang, P. Chutima","doi":"10.4028/b-pm5ge6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/b-pm5ge6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140442148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sumarno Sumarno, P. N. Trisanti, B. Airlangga, Ni'Matul Waladiya Kurniasari, Rizky Azizah Hidayat, Akhda Choirun Nisa, K. D. Hernugrahanto, Mahyudin Ferdiansyah
Bone cement is an indispensable material in orthopedic medicine. In Indonesia, the fulfillment of bone cement needs still depends on imports from other countries. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is one of the main ingredients of bone cement which can be made from suspension polymerization of methyl methacrylate monomer (MMA). Therefore, this study aims to develop a technique for producing bone cement from PMMA. The production of bone cement consists of (1) the manufacture of PMMA, (2) the mixing of solid mixtures, (3) the mixing of solid mixtures and liquid mixtures, and (4) the molding of bone cement composites. The concentrations of barium sulfate (BaSO4) used were 7%, 9%, and 11% by weight. Composite products were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (H-NMR), and Compressive Strength. The increase of BaSO4 can trigger more smooth surface of bone cement composite. The tacticity from H-NMR shows that the bone cement dominantly consists of syndiotactic (58.83-59.91%) molecular arrangement. The highest compressive strength was 84.2 MPa which was obtained in 9% BaSO4 weight.
{"title":"Production of Bone Cement Composite from Polymethyl Methacrylate Produced in Laboratory Scale","authors":"Sumarno Sumarno, P. N. Trisanti, B. Airlangga, Ni'Matul Waladiya Kurniasari, Rizky Azizah Hidayat, Akhda Choirun Nisa, K. D. Hernugrahanto, Mahyudin Ferdiansyah","doi":"10.4028/p-05rmzf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-05rmzf","url":null,"abstract":"Bone cement is an indispensable material in orthopedic medicine. In Indonesia, the fulfillment of bone cement needs still depends on imports from other countries. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is one of the main ingredients of bone cement which can be made from suspension polymerization of methyl methacrylate monomer (MMA). Therefore, this study aims to develop a technique for producing bone cement from PMMA. The production of bone cement consists of (1) the manufacture of PMMA, (2) the mixing of solid mixtures, (3) the mixing of solid mixtures and liquid mixtures, and (4) the molding of bone cement composites. The concentrations of barium sulfate (BaSO4) used were 7%, 9%, and 11% by weight. Composite products were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (H-NMR), and Compressive Strength. The increase of BaSO4 can trigger more smooth surface of bone cement composite. The tacticity from H-NMR shows that the bone cement dominantly consists of syndiotactic (58.83-59.91%) molecular arrangement. The highest compressive strength was 84.2 MPa which was obtained in 9% BaSO4 weight.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annisa Rifathin, Rai Pratama, A. F. Nugraha, J. A. Laksmono, Mochamad Chalid
Lignocellulosic biomass, such as sorghum stalk fiber, has received a lot of interest as reinforcement in polymer composites because of its renewable nature, low cost, and potential environmental benefits. This is due to crystalline cellulose fibrils embedded in hemicellulose, lignin, wax, and other impurities in the lignocellulosic fiber. As a result, treatment to remove non-cellulosic components, expose cellulose fibrils, and improve the adhesion with polymer matrices is critical for their usage as reinforcement in polymer composites. This study investigates the effects of environmentally friendly steam treatment on sorghum stalk fiber's structural and morphological properties. Sorghum stalk fiber was subjected to steam treatment conditions at different durations. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and sessile drop tests were used to examine the structural and morphological changes generated by steam treatment. It was observed that the steam treatment of sorghum fiber was successful in eliminating part of the amorphous lignin and hemicellulose components as well as contaminants such as wax, causing the crystallinity ratio to rise. Defibrillation also occurs, and the fiber surface becomes rougher. Due to the rough fiber surface and the space created by defibrillation, the polymer matrix can penetrate the fiber and increase its adhesion by a mechanical interlocking mechanism.
{"title":"Study on Structural and Morphological of Steam-Treated Sorghum Stalk Fiber: Enhancing Potential for Reinforcement in Polymer Composite","authors":"Annisa Rifathin, Rai Pratama, A. F. Nugraha, J. A. Laksmono, Mochamad Chalid","doi":"10.4028/p-y2oqx7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-y2oqx7","url":null,"abstract":"Lignocellulosic biomass, such as sorghum stalk fiber, has received a lot of interest as reinforcement in polymer composites because of its renewable nature, low cost, and potential environmental benefits. This is due to crystalline cellulose fibrils embedded in hemicellulose, lignin, wax, and other impurities in the lignocellulosic fiber. As a result, treatment to remove non-cellulosic components, expose cellulose fibrils, and improve the adhesion with polymer matrices is critical for their usage as reinforcement in polymer composites. This study investigates the effects of environmentally friendly steam treatment on sorghum stalk fiber's structural and morphological properties. Sorghum stalk fiber was subjected to steam treatment conditions at different durations. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and sessile drop tests were used to examine the structural and morphological changes generated by steam treatment. It was observed that the steam treatment of sorghum fiber was successful in eliminating part of the amorphous lignin and hemicellulose components as well as contaminants such as wax, causing the crystallinity ratio to rise. Defibrillation also occurs, and the fiber surface becomes rougher. Due to the rough fiber surface and the space created by defibrillation, the polymer matrix can penetrate the fiber and increase its adhesion by a mechanical interlocking mechanism.","PeriodicalId":507742,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aisyah Alifatul, Tri Widjaja, H. Ni’mah, Endarto Yudho Wardhono, Atha Pahlevi, Efra Sariyunardi
Plastic is an important necessity with the characteristics of being light, strong, relatively cheap, and durable. However, plastic cannot decompose in a short time so that it becomes a pollutant. The using of Poly lactic acid (PLA) is an alternative to synthetic plastics substitute such as Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) because it is degradable. However, PLA is brittle, so it requires a plasticizer in the form of additives, namely Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 200 and fillers in the form of clay and CaCO3 to improve the mechanical properties of PLA which is brittle and has poor toughness. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding additives to mechanical properties of PLA. The method used is solvent blending using chloroform as a solvent, stirring at 200 rpm for 6 hours at 30 . The research was conducted through testing the effect of the ratio of filler addition on the condition that the ratio of PLA/Additives was constant, i.e., 70%PLA/30% Additives. The resulting film is white and slightly transparent and has a smooth surface. The effect of adding additives in the form of plasticizers and fillers was tested through Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) analysis to determine the value of tensile strength, Young's modulus, and elongation break. The best result was obtained at a ratio of 25%CaCO3/Clay, which was increasing elongation at break 7.62%. It also indicated with best decreased percentage value of Young’s modulus, and highest crystallinity index of 39.86%. The worst value is obtained in variant of 50%CaCO3/Clay that indicated with lowest tensile strength and decreased of % elongation at break. From this study, the best variant was recommended as a laminating plastic, that does not require high tensile strength for application.
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