Pub Date : 2024-07-27DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81233
Shuaihui Guo, Zhangming Yan
The multidimensional corrosion resistance of chromium-molybdenum heat-resistant alloy steel was studied by using TW-7 and AHP inorganic phosphate as coatings. TW-7, AHP inorganic phosphate coatings are both water-based high temperature resistant coatings, which are composed of a bottom coating and sealing coating. The main component of the sealing paint is a mixture of water, chromate, and phosphate. The single dry hot air resistance, resistance to continuously sprayed synthetic sea water, and composite heat resistance/synthetic sea water salt spray conditions were tested. The corrosion resistance of TW-7 and AHP inorganic phosphate coatings was studied. The results of the dry/hot air test showed that the TW-7 coating on the AHP cannot endure long-term high temperature corrosion from small to large degrees at 600 °C. The synthetic seawater spray test showed that the TW-7 coating had the least amount of corrosion. No obvious corrosion spreading or shedding of the two coatings was observed under the combined conditions of heat resistance and sea water salt spray. The results show that the cyclic resistance of the two coatings to heat-resistant/synthetic seawater salt spray is consistent.
{"title":"Experimental Multi-dimensional Study on Corrosion Resistance of Inorganic Phosphate Coatings on 17-4PH Stainless Steel","authors":"Shuaihui Guo, Zhangming Yan","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81233","url":null,"abstract":"The multidimensional corrosion resistance of chromium-molybdenum heat-resistant alloy steel was studied by using TW-7 and AHP inorganic phosphate as coatings. TW-7, AHP inorganic phosphate coatings are both water-based high temperature resistant coatings, which are composed of a bottom coating and sealing coating. \u0000The main component of the sealing paint is a mixture of water, chromate, and phosphate. The single dry hot air resistance, resistance to continuously sprayed synthetic sea water, and composite heat resistance/synthetic sea water salt spray conditions were tested. The corrosion resistance of TW-7 and AHP inorganic phosphate coatings was studied. The results of the dry/hot air test showed that the TW-7 coating on the AHP cannot endure long-term high temperature corrosion from small to large degrees at 600 °C. The synthetic seawater spray test showed that the TW-7 coating had the least amount of corrosion. No obvious corrosion spreading or shedding of the two coatings was observed under the combined conditions of heat resistance and sea water salt spray. The results show that the cyclic resistance of the two coatings to heat-resistant/synthetic seawater salt spray is consistent.","PeriodicalId":508164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"70 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-27DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81234
Oluwaseun Ibrahim Akinola, O. O. Olaniyi, Olumide Samuel Ogungbemi, Oluseun Babatunde Oladoyinbo, Anthony Obulor Olisa
This research examines the vulnerabilities and resilience mechanisms of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and cloud networks, with a specific focus on controller failures and security attacks. The study leverages both simulated and real-world data to assess how these vulnerabilities impact network performance metrics including downtime, packet loss, latency, and throughput. A significant observation from the study is that the nature and impact of network disruptions vary significantly depending on the type of failure or attack, highlighting the need for tailored resilience strategies. Machine learning techniques, notably Support Vector Machines (SVMs), are employed to classify these disruptions with high accuracy, suggesting a promising direction for proactive network management. The research proposes a novel framework that combines the dynamic control capabilities of SDN with machine learning and automation to improve the networks’ fault tolerance and recovery mechanisms. The effectiveness of this framework is demonstrated through enhanced resilience and reduced performance degradation during network disruptions. This study contributes to the field by outlining a scalable and efficient approach to mitigating vulnerabilities in SDN and cloud networks, thereby enhancing overall network stability and reliability.
本研究探讨了软件定义网络（SDN）和云网络的漏洞和弹性机制，重点关注控制器故障和安全攻击。研究利用模拟数据和实际数据评估了这些漏洞如何影响网络性能指标，包括停机时间、数据包丢失、延迟和吞吐量。该研究的一个重要发现是，网络中断的性质和影响因故障或攻击类型的不同而有很大差异，这凸显了定制弹性策略的必要性。研究采用了机器学习技术，特别是支持向量机（SVM），对这些中断进行了高精度的分类，为主动式网络管理指明了方向。该研究提出了一个新颖的框架，将 SDN 的动态控制功能与机器学习和自动化相结合，以改进网络的容错和恢复机制。在网络中断期间，该框架通过增强恢复能力和减少性能下降证明了其有效性。本研究通过概述一种可扩展的高效方法来缓解 SDN 和云网络中的漏洞，从而提高整体网络的稳定性和可靠性，为该领域做出了贡献。
{"title":"Resilience and Recovery Mechanisms for Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Cloud Networks","authors":"Oluwaseun Ibrahim Akinola, O. O. Olaniyi, Olumide Samuel Ogungbemi, Oluseun Babatunde Oladoyinbo, Anthony Obulor Olisa","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81234","url":null,"abstract":"This research examines the vulnerabilities and resilience mechanisms of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and cloud networks, with a specific focus on controller failures and security attacks. The study leverages both simulated and real-world data to assess how these vulnerabilities impact network performance metrics including downtime, packet loss, latency, and throughput. A significant observation from the study is that the nature and impact of network disruptions vary significantly depending on the type of failure or attack, highlighting the need for tailored resilience strategies. Machine learning techniques, notably Support Vector Machines (SVMs), are employed to classify these disruptions with high accuracy, suggesting a promising direction for proactive network management. The research proposes a novel framework that combines the dynamic control capabilities of SDN with machine learning and automation to improve the networks’ fault tolerance and recovery mechanisms. The effectiveness of this framework is demonstrated through enhanced resilience and reduced performance degradation during network disruptions. This study contributes to the field by outlining a scalable and efficient approach to mitigating vulnerabilities in SDN and cloud networks, thereby enhancing overall network stability and reliability.","PeriodicalId":508164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141797442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81231
John Effiong Okon, I. Oboh
The brewing industry faces challenges with the use of malted barley as the primary starch source in Nigeria including quality control and standards, local production and demand, market competition, and price. The challenges of developing new product designs using pilot plants include inherent drawbacks and significant time constraints. This research explores the potential of sorghum as a valuable addition to barley in the brewing industry, especially in semi-arid regions like Africa. This study developed and optimised a model simulated using Aspen Plus for the brewing process, incorporating both malted barley and raw sorghum. Process parameters from a Brewery Plant formed the basis for the model to simulate the entire process from grain to fermented beverage. 1417.5Kg of raw sorghum grist was mashed in the mash copper vessel with 4800Kg of process water at 50℃ to observe protein rest and heated up to 93℃. The mash is cooled down to 75℃ via the mash cooler. At heating to 93℃ of the mash copper, 937.2kg of malted barley grist was mashed in the mash tun vessel with 3500Kg of process water at 50℃ to obverse protein rest. The cooled mash in the mash copper was transferred to the mash tun to achieve saccharification at 66℃ yielding 2460.658 kg/hr of wort after wort separation using a mash filter in the wort kettle. The wort was boiled to 100oC for concentration and sterilization. The boiled wort is pitched with brewer’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) after chilling down to 9oC via a plate heat exchanger to commence fermentation. 1321.781 kg/hr of ethanol is produced in the fermentation storage tank during fermentation. Optimisation efforts focused on varying the barley to sorghum ratio, optimizing barley feed resulted in statistically significant improvements in ethanol yield (p<0.0001). The model's accuracy was confirmed through Box-behnken design and ANOVA, demonstrating strong agreement between actual and simulated ethanol yields. Additionally, pinch analysis facilitated heat exchanger optimization, enhancing energy efficiency and sustainability during the brewing process. Heat gained via the water side of the plate heat exchanger during wort cooling was charged into the system for sparging process amounting to energy cost saving of 0.34%. The economic analysis underscored the financial viability of the brewing process, with a total capital cost of $1,133,600.00 and annual operating expenses of $16,831,800.00. Raw material costs totaled $14,738,400.00 annually, while product sales generated $251,082,000.00 per year. Moreover, energy savings were achieved, with low pressure (LP) steam utilization saving $91 per year and refrigerant use contributing $46 annually. The desired rate of return for the project is set at 20% per year, with a payback period of 1.5 years. The findings from this study will contribute to the growing body of knowledge in the field of brewing process simulation and modeling and have practical implications for the brewing indus
{"title":"Modelling and Optimization of a Brewery Plant from Starch Sources using Aspen Plus","authors":"John Effiong Okon, I. Oboh","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81231","url":null,"abstract":"The brewing industry faces challenges with the use of malted barley as the primary starch source in Nigeria including quality control and standards, local production and demand, market competition, and price. The challenges of developing new product designs using pilot plants include inherent drawbacks and significant time constraints. \u0000This research explores the potential of sorghum as a valuable addition to barley in the brewing industry, especially in semi-arid regions like Africa. This study developed and optimised a model simulated using Aspen Plus for the brewing process, incorporating both malted barley and raw sorghum. Process parameters from a Brewery Plant formed the basis for the model to simulate the entire process from grain to fermented beverage. 1417.5Kg of raw sorghum grist was mashed in the mash copper vessel with 4800Kg of process water at 50℃ to observe protein rest and heated up to 93℃. The mash is cooled down to 75℃ via the mash cooler. At heating to 93℃ of the mash copper, 937.2kg of malted barley grist was mashed in the mash tun vessel with 3500Kg of process water at 50℃ to obverse protein rest. The cooled mash in the mash copper was transferred to the mash tun to achieve saccharification at 66℃ yielding 2460.658 kg/hr of wort after wort separation using a mash filter in the wort kettle. The wort was boiled to 100oC for concentration and sterilization. The boiled wort is pitched with brewer’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) after chilling down to 9oC via a plate heat exchanger to commence fermentation. 1321.781 kg/hr of ethanol is produced in the fermentation storage tank during fermentation. Optimisation efforts focused on varying the barley to sorghum ratio, optimizing barley feed resulted in statistically significant improvements in ethanol yield (p<0.0001). The model's accuracy was confirmed through Box-behnken design and ANOVA, demonstrating strong agreement between actual and simulated ethanol yields. Additionally, pinch analysis facilitated heat exchanger optimization, enhancing energy efficiency and sustainability during the brewing process. Heat gained via the water side of the plate heat exchanger during wort cooling was charged into the system for sparging process amounting to energy cost saving of 0.34%. The economic analysis underscored the financial viability of the brewing process, with a total capital cost of $1,133,600.00 and annual operating expenses of $16,831,800.00. Raw material costs totaled $14,738,400.00 annually, while product sales generated $251,082,000.00 per year. Moreover, energy savings were achieved, with low pressure (LP) steam utilization saving $91 per year and refrigerant use contributing $46 annually. The desired rate of return for the project is set at 20% per year, with a payback period of 1.5 years. The findings from this study will contribute to the growing body of knowledge in the field of brewing process simulation and modeling and have practical implications for the brewing indus","PeriodicalId":508164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141799099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81230
Yuhan Zhoghuo, Kian Hua Alex
Thermal management is a critical aspect of engineering applications, playing a pivotal role in enhancing performance and ensuring the reliability of various systems. This paper presents an overview of recent innovations and advancements in thermal management techniques aimed at addressing challenges associated with heat dissipation, thermal regulation, and temperature control in engineering applications. The importance of effective thermal management is highlighted in the context of emerging technologies such as electric vehicles, renewable energy systems, data centers, and electronic devices, where excessive heat generation can lead to performance degradation, component failure, and reduced operational lifespan. The abstract begins by emphasizing the significance of thermal management in engineering applications, emphasizing its role in improving performance and reliability. It discusses the challenges posed by heat generation and the need for innovative solutions to address thermal issues effectively. It hints at the diverse range of techniques to be covered, including passive and active cooling methods, phase change materials, thermal interface materials, and advanced heat exchangers. Furthermore, it suggests that the paper will explore how these techniques contribute to enhanced performance and reliability in engineering applications. In summary, this paper offers insights into the latest developments in thermal management, providing valuable information for researchers, engineers, and industry professionals seeking to optimize thermal performance and ensure the reliability of their systems in diverse engineering applications.
{"title":"Innovations in Thermal Management Techniques for Enhanced Performance and Reliability in Engineering Applications","authors":"Yuhan Zhoghuo, Kian Hua Alex","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81230","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal management is a critical aspect of engineering applications, playing a pivotal role in enhancing performance and ensuring the reliability of various systems. This paper presents an overview of recent innovations and advancements in thermal management techniques aimed at addressing challenges associated with heat dissipation, thermal regulation, and temperature control in engineering applications. The importance of effective thermal management is highlighted in the context of emerging technologies such as electric vehicles, renewable energy systems, data centers, and electronic devices, where excessive heat generation can lead to performance degradation, component failure, and reduced operational lifespan. The abstract begins by emphasizing the significance of thermal management in engineering applications, emphasizing its role in improving performance and reliability. It discusses the challenges posed by heat generation and the need for innovative solutions to address thermal issues effectively. It hints at the diverse range of techniques to be covered, including passive and active cooling methods, phase change materials, thermal interface materials, and advanced heat exchangers. Furthermore, it suggests that the paper will explore how these techniques contribute to enhanced performance and reliability in engineering applications. In summary, this paper offers insights into the latest developments in thermal management, providing valuable information for researchers, engineers, and industry professionals seeking to optimize thermal performance and ensure the reliability of their systems in diverse engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":508164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"57 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141799220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81232
Mengfei Liu
Hydrogen energy is the best energy carrier to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality, with high energy and pollution-free characteristics. Hydrogen internal combustion engine is one of the important forms of hydrogen energy utilization, which has significant advantages of high efficiency, high reliability, low cost and low emissions. In this paper, the characteristics of hydrogen internal combustion engines and hydrogen fuel cells are compared, and the industrialization prospects of hydrogen energy utilization in the future are analyzed. Focusing on the technical system of hydrogen internal combustion engine, the technical problems and technical progress of hydrogen storage, combustion and NOx emission of hydrogen internal combustion engine are comprehensively analyzed.
{"title":"Development Status and Outlook of Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine","authors":"Mengfei Liu","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81232","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen energy is the best energy carrier to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality, with high energy and pollution-free characteristics. Hydrogen internal combustion engine is one of the important forms of hydrogen energy utilization, which has significant advantages of high efficiency, high reliability, low cost and low emissions. In this paper, the characteristics of hydrogen internal combustion engines and hydrogen fuel cells are compared, and the industrialization prospects of hydrogen energy utilization in the future are analyzed. Focusing on the technical system of hydrogen internal combustion engine, the technical problems and technical progress of hydrogen storage, combustion and NOx emission of hydrogen internal combustion engine are comprehensively analyzed.","PeriodicalId":508164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"43 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141800053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81229
Tongtong Li, Wei Guo, Chenchen Wu, Zhang Xu
The 2K-V reducer is characterized by large transmission ratio, large load carrying capacity, high transmission accuracy and smooth transmission, and it is of great significance to study its dynamic characteristics. Taking a certain type of 2K-V reducer as the research object, a parametric three-dimensional model was established in SolidWorks, and the dynamics model of 2K-V reducer was established by RecurDyn. After simulation and analysis, the key zero part transmission speed curve and transmission error are obtained. The research method has certain guiding significance for the precision design of 2K-V reducer.
{"title":"Simulation and Analysis of the Dynamics of 2K-V Reducer Based on RecurDyn","authors":"Tongtong Li, Wei Guo, Chenchen Wu, Zhang Xu","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81229","url":null,"abstract":"The 2K-V reducer is characterized by large transmission ratio, large load carrying capacity, high transmission accuracy and smooth transmission, and it is of great significance to study its dynamic characteristics. Taking a certain type of 2K-V reducer as the research object, a parametric three-dimensional model was established in SolidWorks, and the dynamics model of 2K-V reducer was established by RecurDyn. After simulation and analysis, the key zero part transmission speed curve and transmission error are obtained. The research method has certain guiding significance for the precision design of 2K-V reducer.","PeriodicalId":508164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81228
Bharadwaj Thuraka, Vikram Pasupuleti, Saiteja Malisetty, Kenneth O. Ogirri
The place of artificial intelligence (AI) and strategic management (SM) in the success of any projects cannot be overemphasized. This study critically explores the place of AI and SM in the attainment of success in national and international projects in the US and beyond, drawing evidence from previous studies. Relying on secondary data, drawn from the internet and subjected to a critical analytic exposition and thematic systematic review, the study shows that AI and SM play multifaceted functions that guarantee the success of projects. The paper concludes that once deployed judiciously, AI and SM have the potentials of fostering the success of different national and international projects. The implication of the findings is that AI and SM can be used in combination for more results, as in to attain significant successes in managing national and international projects as well as business and other activities/affairs. It recommends judicious adoption and application of the two in project management for the attainment of any desired results and successes in inter/national projects in the US and beyond.
人工智能（AI）和战略管理（SM）对任何项目的成功都具有举足轻重的作用。本研究从以往的研究中汲取证据，批判性地探讨了人工智能和战略管理在美国及其他国家和国际项目取得成功中的地位。研究依赖于从互联网上获取的二手数据，并对其进行了批判性分析阐述和专题系统审查，结果表明，人工智能和智能管理发挥着多方面的作用，是项目成功的保证。本文的结论是，一旦明智地部署，人工智能和 SM 有可能促进不同国家和国际项目的成功。研究结果的意义在于，人工智能和 SM 可以结合使用，以取得更多成果，从而在管理国家和国际项目以及商业和其他活动/事务方面取得重大成功。研究建议在项目管理中明智地采用和应用这两种方法，以便在美国和其他国家的国际/国内项目中取得预期成果和成功。
{"title":"Leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Strategic Management for Success in Inter/National Projects in US and Beyond","authors":"Bharadwaj Thuraka, Vikram Pasupuleti, Saiteja Malisetty, Kenneth O. Ogirri","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81228","url":null,"abstract":"The place of artificial intelligence (AI) and strategic management (SM) in the success of any projects cannot be overemphasized. This study critically explores the place of AI and SM in the attainment of success in national and international projects in the US and beyond, drawing evidence from previous studies. Relying on secondary data, drawn from the internet and subjected to a critical analytic exposition and thematic systematic review, the study shows that AI and SM play multifaceted functions that guarantee the success of projects. The paper concludes that once deployed judiciously, AI and SM have the potentials of fostering the success of different national and international projects. The implication of the findings is that AI and SM can be used in combination for more results, as in to attain significant successes in managing national and international projects as well as business and other activities/affairs. It recommends judicious adoption and application of the two in project management for the attainment of any desired results and successes in inter/national projects in the US and beyond.","PeriodicalId":508164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141805159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81227
Nova Shek, Eunseo Lee, Grace Lee, Hayden Ko, Eugene Lee
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is profoundly transforming interdisciplinary domains like dermatology and psychology, providing revolutionary possibilities in the areas of diagnosis, treatment, and patient care. AI-driven solutions in dermatology are improving diagnostic accuracy by analyzing medical photos to identify skin disorders such as melanoma with a level of precision comparable to that of professional dermatologists. These technologies utilize machine learning algorithms that have been trained on extensive datasets to detect minor patterns and anomalies in skin lesions. This enables the early detection of skin conditions and the creation of personalized treatment strategies. Moreover, artificial intelligence (AI) assists in optimizing the efficiency of workflows, minimizing diagnostic inaccuracies, and enhancing the availability of dermatological treatment, particularly in places with limited access to healthcare services. Within the field of psychology, artificial intelligence (AI) has a significant influence. It is utilized to assess individuals' mental well-being by analyzing their text and speech patterns, employing techniques such as natural language processing and sentiment analysis. Artificial intelligence algorithms have the capability to observe and analyze patient interactions, offering immediate and accurate observations regarding emotional states and possible psychological illnesses. The incorporation of AI enables more precise evaluations and prompt actions, enhancing conventional therapeutic methods. In addition, chatbots and virtual therapists that utilise artificial intelligence provide instant assistance and ongoing supervision, thereby extending the accessibility of mental health care. The integration of AI with dermatology and psychology not only improves diagnostic skills and treatment results but also highlights the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration in advancing healthcare. By using artificial intelligence (AI), these industries can utilize data-driven analysis to provide more accurate, tailored, and easily accessible healthcare, thereby enhancing patient results and quality of life.
{"title":"Interdisciplinary Applications of AI: Dermatology and Psychology","authors":"Nova Shek, Eunseo Lee, Grace Lee, Hayden Ko, Eugene Lee","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81227","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) is profoundly transforming interdisciplinary domains like dermatology and psychology, providing revolutionary possibilities in the areas of diagnosis, treatment, and patient care. AI-driven solutions in dermatology are improving diagnostic accuracy by analyzing medical photos to identify skin disorders such as melanoma with a level of precision comparable to that of professional dermatologists. These technologies utilize machine learning algorithms that have been trained on extensive datasets to detect minor patterns and anomalies in skin lesions. This enables the early detection of skin conditions and the creation of personalized treatment strategies. Moreover, artificial intelligence (AI) assists in optimizing the efficiency of workflows, minimizing diagnostic inaccuracies, and enhancing the availability of dermatological treatment, particularly in places with limited access to healthcare services. Within the field of psychology, artificial intelligence (AI) has a significant influence. It is utilized to assess individuals' mental well-being by analyzing their text and speech patterns, employing techniques such as natural language processing and sentiment analysis. Artificial intelligence algorithms have the capability to observe and analyze patient interactions, offering immediate and accurate observations regarding emotional states and possible psychological illnesses. The incorporation of AI enables more precise evaluations and prompt actions, enhancing conventional therapeutic methods. In addition, chatbots and virtual therapists that utilise artificial intelligence provide instant assistance and ongoing supervision, thereby extending the accessibility of mental health care. The integration of AI with dermatology and psychology not only improves diagnostic skills and treatment results but also highlights the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration in advancing healthcare. By using artificial intelligence (AI), these industries can utilize data-driven analysis to provide more accurate, tailored, and easily accessible healthcare, thereby enhancing patient results and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":508164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141808360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81226
Kannie Winston Kuttin, E. Duodu, Augustine Mensah, Naziru Muhammed
Biomass with all its positive characteristics contains some elements and compounds that react negatively with stainless which are known for its usage in high temperature, corrosive prone and, hash environment. Therefore, it is pertinent to comparatively study the strength of various corrosive resistance metals to be able to have an alternative to stainless steel. The purpose of this study is to model and simulate a three-dimensional steam generating boiler plant heat exchanger for a biomass firing process. In the study, inlet temperature and operating temperature of shell and tube sides are taken as input parameters with a square pitch bundle arrangement. The heat transfer analysis is done by considering hot flue gas inside the tubes and steam on shell side to determine the thermal stress, strain and deformation distributions in the tubes and shell of the heat exchanger. The study also presented time-history analysis of the both shell and tubes to ascertain the material reactions within the specified time range. The comparison of deformations and the equivalent strain rate between the two designs indicated an excellent performance of the AL6XN over the 306L stainless steel. The strain amplitude for PMX110 and WKX110 sequentially dropped from 903 to 496 and 621 to 332 between the temperature range of 100 – 10000C respectively. The maximal equivalent strain values for the shells and tubes were 2.238e-003 and 1.294e-004 for PMX110 and 1.490e-003 and 3.212e-004 for WKX110 respectively. The highest deformation in both PMX110 and WKX110 were estimated as 6.729e-004 and 6.131e-004 for the shells and 1.441e-004 and 1.328e-004 for tubes respectively.
{"title":"Thermo Structural Analysis of Biomass Combustion Steam Generation Heat Exchangers Using Three Dimensional Numerical Modelling","authors":"Kannie Winston Kuttin, E. Duodu, Augustine Mensah, Naziru Muhammed","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81226","url":null,"abstract":"Biomass with all its positive characteristics contains some elements and compounds that react negatively with stainless which are known for its usage in high temperature, corrosive prone and, hash environment. Therefore, it is pertinent to comparatively study the strength of various corrosive resistance metals to be able to have an alternative to stainless steel. The purpose of this study is to model and simulate a three-dimensional steam generating boiler plant heat exchanger for a biomass firing process. In the study, inlet temperature and operating temperature of shell and tube sides are taken as input parameters with a square pitch bundle arrangement. The heat transfer analysis is done by considering hot flue gas inside the tubes and steam on shell side to determine the thermal stress, strain and deformation distributions in the tubes and shell of the heat exchanger. The study also presented time-history analysis of the both shell and tubes to ascertain the material reactions within the specified time range. The comparison of deformations and the equivalent strain rate between the two designs indicated an excellent performance of the AL6XN over the 306L stainless steel. The strain amplitude for PMX110 and WKX110 sequentially dropped from 903 to 496 and 621 to 332 between the temperature range of 100 – 10000C respectively. The maximal equivalent strain values for the shells and tubes were 2.238e-003 and 1.294e-004 for PMX110 and 1.490e-003 and 3.212e-004 for WKX110 respectively. The highest deformation in both PMX110 and WKX110 were estimated as 6.729e-004 and 6.131e-004 for the shells and 1.441e-004 and 1.328e-004 for tubes respectively.","PeriodicalId":508164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"60 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141809414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81225
Mihaela Helstern, Doru Stoianovici, T. Chiş
The exploitation of heavy oil fields has recently gained momentum due to increased investment in new oil and gas fields and especially due to environmental legislative constraints. That is why in this article I have described the possibility of using partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in the exploitation of heavy crude oil deposits, by injecting it into reservoir rocks followed by injection of reservoir water. The role of this polymer is to provide lubrication of the crude oil and water flow channels and especially to block (by reverse osmosis) the large pore communication channels in order to limit pressure leaks in uncontrollable areas. In the study we created two polymers that were used in order to increase the flow rate and decrease the viscosity and the freezing point (additives that are easy to procure and especially with spectacular results in the treatment of stills and without affecting the stability and quality of the final products refinery). We also studied the flow of the polymer through carbonate reservoir rocks, managing to obtain a numerical model that provides data on the rock resistance factor to the flow of partially fluidized polyacrylamide. The adsorption on the surface of the rocks determined the reduction of the mobility of the polymer but also the modification of the gel structure by the modification (crossing) of the polymer (of the polymer chains) which led to clogging (blocking of the pores) and increasing the possibility of fluid flow. In the laboratory we determined the adsorption of silicon for a solution of polyacrylamide of 0.05% partially hydrolyzed concentration in water, it increases from the value of 0.01 mg/m2 to 0.05 mg/m2 when the concentration in NaCl increases from 0 .5% to 10% in are we showed that adsorption increases for pH values lower than 7, and it is stated that for a porous sand medium with a permeability of 140 mD, replacing saline water with 20 g/l NaCl, a presence of the polymer with a concentration of 400 ppm was observed in the effluent, and this value being approximately stabilized after 5 injected pore volumes.
{"title":"Analysis of the Effects of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyamide on Oil Reservoir Rocks","authors":"Mihaela Helstern, Doru Stoianovici, T. Chiş","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i81225","url":null,"abstract":"The exploitation of heavy oil fields has recently gained momentum due to increased investment in new oil and gas fields and especially due to environmental legislative constraints. That is why in this article I have described the possibility of using partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in the exploitation of heavy crude oil deposits, by injecting it into reservoir rocks followed by injection of reservoir water. The role of this polymer is to provide lubrication of the crude oil and water flow channels and especially to block (by reverse osmosis) the large pore communication channels in order to limit pressure leaks in uncontrollable areas. In the study we created two polymers that were used in order to increase the flow rate and decrease the viscosity and the freezing point (additives that are easy to procure and especially with spectacular results in the treatment of stills and without affecting the stability and quality of the final products refinery). We also studied the flow of the polymer through carbonate reservoir rocks, managing to obtain a numerical model that provides data on the rock resistance factor to the flow of partially fluidized polyacrylamide. The adsorption on the surface of the rocks determined the reduction of the mobility of the polymer but also the modification of the gel structure by the modification (crossing) of the polymer (of the polymer chains) which led to clogging (blocking of the pores) and increasing the possibility of fluid flow. In the laboratory we determined the adsorption of silicon for a solution of polyacrylamide of 0.05% partially hydrolyzed concentration in water, it increases from the value of 0.01 mg/m2 to 0.05 mg/m2 when the concentration in NaCl increases from 0 .5% to 10% in are we showed that adsorption increases for pH values lower than 7, and it is stated that for a porous sand medium with a permeability of 140 mD, replacing saline water with 20 g/l NaCl, a presence of the polymer with a concentration of 400 ppm was observed in the effluent, and this value being approximately stabilized after 5 injected pore volumes.","PeriodicalId":508164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"117 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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