Pub Date : 2024-05-06DOI: 10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-32-42
A. A. Kulikova
In this paper, the author analyzes the fiction of contemporary Chinese female writer Zhang Yueran (b. 1982). As a radiant and influential representative of the post-1980s generation in contemporary Chinese literature, Zhang Yueran is considered to be one of most talented and strong young writers. Post-1980s Chinese writers are known by depiction of young people’s lives in big cities with elements of magical realism, however, unlike the most Post-1980s Chinese writers, Zhang Yueran focuses more on the characters’ subjectivity and their pursuit of love (parental and romantic). Her complex characters thrive for love and happiness, but also suffer from loneliness and lack of parental attention. Zhang Yueran’s writing is visceral and almost poetic in its use of metaphor. The development of Zhang Yueran’s prose can be divided two key periods. Her early works are aesthetic psychological thrillers about unhealthy love, inspired by classical fairytales that end with a character’s death and self-destruction: while the language is beautiful and almost poetic, but there is a lack of narrative depth. In her second era, Zhang Yueran returns to realism and successfully combines style and deep narrative by contrasting scenes of cruelty and mercy. At the moment her latest novel “Cocoon” embodies all significant fictional features from the perspective of both style and narrative.
{"title":"Chinese Female Writer Zhang Yueran and Fictional Features of Her Prose","authors":"A. A. Kulikova","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-32-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-32-42","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the author analyzes the fiction of contemporary Chinese female writer Zhang Yueran (b. 1982). As a radiant and influential representative of the post-1980s generation in contemporary Chinese literature, Zhang Yueran is considered to be one of most talented and strong young writers. Post-1980s Chinese writers are known by depiction of young people’s lives in big cities with elements of magical realism, however, unlike the most Post-1980s Chinese writers, Zhang Yueran focuses more on the characters’ subjectivity and their pursuit of love (parental and romantic). Her complex characters thrive for love and happiness, but also suffer from loneliness and lack of parental attention. Zhang Yueran’s writing is visceral and almost poetic in its use of metaphor. The development of Zhang Yueran’s prose can be divided two key periods. Her early works are aesthetic psychological thrillers about unhealthy love, inspired by classical fairytales that end with a character’s death and self-destruction: while the language is beautiful and almost poetic, but there is a lack of narrative depth. In her second era, Zhang Yueran returns to realism and successfully combines style and deep narrative by contrasting scenes of cruelty and mercy. At the moment her latest novel “Cocoon” embodies all significant fictional features from the perspective of both style and narrative.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141006070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-06DOI: 10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-128-138
E. Voytishek, Ting Wang
This article focuses on the activities and religious practices of the Jile Temple (Temple of Bliss) in Harbin; one of the largest and most respected in northeast China. Harbin, founded in 1898 by Russian railway engineers in connection with the construction of the Chinese Eastern Railway, brings together different ethnic and religious cultures. This study provides a brief historical overview of the activities of the temple, which played a major role in the development of Buddhism in the context of multicultural ideological and political trends in the first decades of the 20th century. The most important temple practices and celebrations are analyzed alongside the review of cultural heritage sources. Special attention is paid to the analysis of traditional rituals that take place as part of the celebration of Buddha's birthday in the fourth month of the lunar calendar. Based on the analysis of written sources and the use of ethnographic materials, including conversations with monks and laymen of the Jile Temple, the main stages and features of the ritual of washing the Buddha statue are highlighted, where manipulation of incense plays an important role. Closely linked to the history and evolution of Buddhism, religious events and rituals continue to have a profound influence on the traditions and culture of modern society.
{"title":"Jile Buddhist Temple in Harbin, Its History and Contemporary Religious Practices","authors":"E. Voytishek, Ting Wang","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-128-138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-128-138","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the activities and religious practices of the Jile Temple (Temple of Bliss) in Harbin; one of the largest and most respected in northeast China. Harbin, founded in 1898 by Russian railway engineers in connection with the construction of the Chinese Eastern Railway, brings together different ethnic and religious cultures. This study provides a brief historical overview of the activities of the temple, which played a major role in the development of Buddhism in the context of multicultural ideological and political trends in the first decades of the 20th century. The most important temple practices and celebrations are analyzed alongside the review of cultural heritage sources. Special attention is paid to the analysis of traditional rituals that take place as part of the celebration of Buddha's birthday in the fourth month of the lunar calendar. Based on the analysis of written sources and the use of ethnographic materials, including conversations with monks and laymen of the Jile Temple, the main stages and features of the ritual of washing the Buddha statue are highlighted, where manipulation of incense plays an important role. Closely linked to the history and evolution of Buddhism, religious events and rituals continue to have a profound influence on the traditions and culture of modern society.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"86 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141011596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-06DOI: 10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-139-150
Meihe Ouyang
This article examines the processes of Study of foreigners in China during the period from 1978 to 2018 historically and comparatively. The achievements of Study of foreigners in China during this time mainly manifested in four aspects, with four weaknesses present. The major characteristics of Study of foreigners in China are shown in the overall scale, degree education and the number of self-funded students. The review of the policy documents related to Study of foreigners in China during the 40 years especially help to better understand the development of Study of foreigners in China. The resulting conclusion of this study shows that it is necessary to upgrade the quality and efficiency of Study of foreigners in China for better competitiveness of Chinese education in the world.
{"title":"An Overview of Study of Foreigners in China during the 40 Years of Reforms Period (1978–2018)","authors":"Meihe Ouyang","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-139-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-139-150","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the processes of Study of foreigners in China during the period from 1978 to 2018 historically and comparatively. The achievements of Study of foreigners in China during this time mainly manifested in four aspects, with four weaknesses present. The major characteristics of Study of foreigners in China are shown in the overall scale, degree education and the number of self-funded students. The review of the policy documents related to Study of foreigners in China during the 40 years especially help to better understand the development of Study of foreigners in China. The resulting conclusion of this study shows that it is necessary to upgrade the quality and efficiency of Study of foreigners in China for better competitiveness of Chinese education in the world.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"18 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141008107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-06DOI: 10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-79-90
S. Komissarov, A. I. Solovyev
This article provides data on the search and study of the finds obtained during archaeological excavations of shell mounds in the region of Dian Lake in Yunnan Province, China. These objects represent a common, but at the same time, quite specific category of archaeological sources containing important information about the material and spiritual life of the population that left them. From the considerable number of Yunnan køkkenmøddings, the ancient fortified settlement of Guchengcun attracted the most attention, during the excavations of which it was possible for the first time to reveal the direct sequence of the Pre-Dian and Early Dian stages, dating back to the period of 3500– 2500 years BC, which are characterized by a unique set of ceramic and bronze implements. These finds give us the opportunity to express preliminary considerations regarding the origin of the Dian culture and state. Some part of the ceramics is similar to the vessels of the local Neolithic culture of Baiyangcun, which had contacts with the Neolithic painted pottery of the Yellow River valley; another part of it, as well as jade half-rings and sea shells, indicating a connection with the coastal cultures of Eastern China. Bronze knives and daggers are probably related in origin to the population of Northern China and adjacent territories. The interaction of these factors formed the basis of the Dian culture, while the contacts with the northern peoples outlined a line of interaction, following which the “horseback culture” later penetrated into Yunnan, shaping the formation of the Dian state.
{"title":"Shell Mounds of the Dian Lake","authors":"S. Komissarov, A. I. Solovyev","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-79-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-79-90","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides data on the search and study of the finds obtained during archaeological excavations of shell mounds in the region of Dian Lake in Yunnan Province, China. These objects represent a common, but at the same time, quite specific category of archaeological sources containing important information about the material and spiritual life of the population that left them. From the considerable number of Yunnan køkkenmøddings, the ancient fortified settlement of Guchengcun attracted the most attention, during the excavations of which it was possible for the first time to reveal the direct sequence of the Pre-Dian and Early Dian stages, dating back to the period of 3500– 2500 years BC, which are characterized by a unique set of ceramic and bronze implements. These finds give us the opportunity to express preliminary considerations regarding the origin of the Dian culture and state. Some part of the ceramics is similar to the vessels of the local Neolithic culture of Baiyangcun, which had contacts with the Neolithic painted pottery of the Yellow River valley; another part of it, as well as jade half-rings and sea shells, indicating a connection with the coastal cultures of Eastern China. Bronze knives and daggers are probably related in origin to the population of Northern China and adjacent territories. The interaction of these factors formed the basis of the Dian culture, while the contacts with the northern peoples outlined a line of interaction, following which the “horseback culture” later penetrated into Yunnan, shaping the formation of the Dian state.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"311 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141006703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-06DOI: 10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-91-105
M. Kudinova
The materials of a new burial complex in Anyang (Henan Province, China) combining features of the tombs of Northern Qi and Sui, and of the “Sogdian” tombs of the 6th century AD are presented. From the text of the epitaph placed in the burial chamber it is known that aristocrat Qu Qing and his wife Lady Han were buried there. Qu Qing was the grandson of Qu Jia, the founder of one of the ruling dynasties of the Gaochang Kingdom. His wife came from a noble family, possibly with Wuhuan roots. The set of stone items, including door leaves, an engraved panel above them, an engraved screen, and a burial bed decorated with engravings, reliefs and paintings, serves as a valuable source of information about the heterogeneous culture of Early Medieval China. The images on the door and the panel above it are similar in content and style to the murals of the Northern Qi tombs. The plots of the compositions on both sides of the stone screen came from early collections of xiaoshuo prose, that can be classified as zhiguai xiaoshuo (“tales of the miraculous”). The stone bed is similar in design and partly in decorative motifs to the objects from the “Sogdian” burials of the Northern dynasties and Sui. The tomb demonstrates an example of adaptation and transformation of borrowed elements of funeral rites under the influence of Han culture. The combination of Confucian, Taoist, Buddhist and Zoroastrian images and motifs reflects the situation of religious syncretism typical of the early Middle Ages.
{"title":"A New Example of Early Medieval Multiculturalism: The Tomb of Qu Qing and His Wife in Anyang","authors":"M. Kudinova","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-91-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-91-105","url":null,"abstract":"The materials of a new burial complex in Anyang (Henan Province, China) combining features of the tombs of Northern Qi and Sui, and of the “Sogdian” tombs of the 6th century AD are presented. From the text of the epitaph placed in the burial chamber it is known that aristocrat Qu Qing and his wife Lady Han were buried there. Qu Qing was the grandson of Qu Jia, the founder of one of the ruling dynasties of the Gaochang Kingdom. His wife came from a noble family, possibly with Wuhuan roots. The set of stone items, including door leaves, an engraved panel above them, an engraved screen, and a burial bed decorated with engravings, reliefs and paintings, serves as a valuable source of information about the heterogeneous culture of Early Medieval China. The images on the door and the panel above it are similar in content and style to the murals of the Northern Qi tombs. The plots of the compositions on both sides of the stone screen came from early collections of xiaoshuo prose, that can be classified as zhiguai xiaoshuo (“tales of the miraculous”). The stone bed is similar in design and partly in decorative motifs to the objects from the “Sogdian” burials of the Northern dynasties and Sui. The tomb demonstrates an example of adaptation and transformation of borrowed elements of funeral rites under the influence of Han culture. The combination of Confucian, Taoist, Buddhist and Zoroastrian images and motifs reflects the situation of religious syncretism typical of the early Middle Ages.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"82 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141011272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-21-31
Qingmiao Yang, A. V. Ignatenko, Sun Ting
This paper examines the literary criticism of China about F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “The Idiot” (1868), which has been the focus of attention of various readership, as well as the issues of perception and study of the novel in modern Chinese theory of literary criticism. Hence, the purpose of this article is to trace the history of literary criticism of the “The Idiot” in China over the past almost ninety years since its first publication in Chinese in 1935. It is noted that during this period the novel was translated into Chinese at least seventeen times with millions of copies released, withstanding more than 50 editions. It also provides an overview of the studies of Chinese scientists in recent years devoted to the study of the novel, and attempts are made to identify trends in the study and commentary of the novel in China. Chinese readers were first introduced to Dostoevsky’s work by the famous novelist, literary critic and translator Zhou Zuozhen. The conducted research allows us to conclude that Chinese readers accept and interpret F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “The Idiot” with great interest. The questions that the researchers raise in their writings confirm the hypothesis that the Chinese reader associates the main character Prince Myshkin with the Confucian category of Ren.
本文探讨了中国关于陀思妥耶夫斯基长篇小说《白痴》（1868）的文学批评，以及中国现代文学批评理论对这部小说的认识和研究问题。因此，本文旨在追溯《白痴》自 1935 年首次出版中文版以来近 90 年的中国文学批评史。在此期间，《白痴》至少被翻译成 17 种中文，发行量达数百万册，历经 50 多个版本。该书还概述了近年来中国科学家对该小说的研究，并试图确定中国对该小说的研究和评论趋势。中国读者最早接触陀思妥耶夫斯基作品的是著名小说家、文学评论家和翻译家周作人。通过研究，我们可以得出这样的结论：中国读者以极大的兴趣接受并解读 F. M. 陀思妥耶夫斯基的小说《白痴》。研究人员在其著作中提出的问题证实了这一假设，即中国读者将主人公米什金王子与儒家的 "仁 "联系在一起。
{"title":"Literary Criticism of China about F. M. Dostoevsky’s Novel “The Idiot”","authors":"Qingmiao Yang, A. V. Ignatenko, Sun Ting","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-21-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-21-31","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the literary criticism of China about F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “The Idiot” (1868), which has been the focus of attention of various readership, as well as the issues of perception and study of the novel in modern Chinese theory of literary criticism. Hence, the purpose of this article is to trace the history of literary criticism of the “The Idiot” in China over the past almost ninety years since its first publication in Chinese in 1935. It is noted that during this period the novel was translated into Chinese at least seventeen times with millions of copies released, withstanding more than 50 editions. It also provides an overview of the studies of Chinese scientists in recent years devoted to the study of the novel, and attempts are made to identify trends in the study and commentary of the novel in China. Chinese readers were first introduced to Dostoevsky’s work by the famous novelist, literary critic and translator Zhou Zuozhen. The conducted research allows us to conclude that Chinese readers accept and interpret F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “The Idiot” with great interest. The questions that the researchers raise in their writings confirm the hypothesis that the Chinese reader associates the main character Prince Myshkin with the Confucian category of Ren.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"161 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141015102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-9-20
A. Starostina
In the second half of the nineteenth century at the latest, a legend emerged in Beijing about the sacrificial death of the founder's daughter during the casting of a large bell for the Bell Tower. It is similar to a group of medieval Chinese tales associated with the cults of patron deities of the crafts. These have their origins in tales from Western regions related to Eastern European stories of walled-up wives. In the case of the Beijing tradition, the religious tale is transformed into a secular legend with, at best, a tenuous connection to a local cult. The story of the casting of a bell for the Bell Tower persists in Beijing's oral tradition to this day. There are also a number of related stories told in other regions of China, as well as Korean tales that are genetically linked to it. The article examines both the structural and semantic features of several mythological stories about the making of a bell for the Bell Tower recorded by Chinese folklorists from the 1950s to the 1980s, alongside those of the first known English (1870s) and the first known Chinese (1930s) amateur recordings of the legend. It also traces the connection of these texts with similar narratives from other regions, as well as with the aforementioned medieval legends of patron deities of crafts, ancient beliefs in the efficacy of human sacrifice for metallurgical production characteristic of the Wu region, and Confucian notions of filial piety.
{"title":"Beijing Mythological Stories about the Lady of the Bell Foundry","authors":"A. Starostina","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-9-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-4-9-20","url":null,"abstract":"In the second half of the nineteenth century at the latest, a legend emerged in Beijing about the sacrificial death of the founder's daughter during the casting of a large bell for the Bell Tower. It is similar to a group of medieval Chinese tales associated with the cults of patron deities of the crafts. These have their origins in tales from Western regions related to Eastern European stories of walled-up wives. In the case of the Beijing tradition, the religious tale is transformed into a secular legend with, at best, a tenuous connection to a local cult. The story of the casting of a bell for the Bell Tower persists in Beijing's oral tradition to this day. There are also a number of related stories told in other regions of China, as well as Korean tales that are genetically linked to it. The article examines both the structural and semantic features of several mythological stories about the making of a bell for the Bell Tower recorded by Chinese folklorists from the 1950s to the 1980s, alongside those of the first known English (1870s) and the first known Chinese (1930s) amateur recordings of the legend. It also traces the connection of these texts with similar narratives from other regions, as well as with the aforementioned medieval legends of patron deities of crafts, ancient beliefs in the efficacy of human sacrifice for metallurgical production characteristic of the Wu region, and Confucian notions of filial piety.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"21 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141019971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-135-143
A. Badmaev
Purpose. The aim of the study is to isolate the image of a mouse in the traditional worldview of the buryats.Results. In the first part of the study, the mouse is characterized on the basis of data from ethnography, vocabulary, small genres of folklore and anthroponymy of the buryats, with the involvement of information from zoology, botany and medicine. It has been established that in buryat folklore, a mouse meant a house mouse and a field mouse. The field mouse had a utilitarian meaning: its storerooms served as a source of food for the buryats, hence its image in the riddle as a rich man, owner of cattle and horses. It was found out that the buryats associated with the mouse some character traits and physical characteristics of a person (roguishness, thievery, sweating, etc.). The mouse was synonymous with everything insignificant. It was determined that the mouse image was included in the buryats' ideas about time, associated with some diseases. In the second part of the work, the image of a mouse in the mythological views of the buryats is reconstructed. It was revealed that the field mouse was a symbol of material prosperity. It was believed that she predicted winter. The idea of a magic stone bringing happiness was associated with her. The house mouse, unlike the field mouse, was associated with demonological characters, was a harbinger of trouble and death. At the same time, the white house mouse carried the symbolism of happiness and healing.Conclusion. The study shows that in the traditional worldview of the buryats, the image of a mouse is characterized by ambiguity and ambivalence of connotation.
{"title":"The Mouse in the Traditional Worldview of the Buryats","authors":"A. Badmaev","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-135-143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-135-143","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The aim of the study is to isolate the image of a mouse in the traditional worldview of the buryats.Results. In the first part of the study, the mouse is characterized on the basis of data from ethnography, vocabulary, small genres of folklore and anthroponymy of the buryats, with the involvement of information from zoology, botany and medicine. It has been established that in buryat folklore, a mouse meant a house mouse and a field mouse. The field mouse had a utilitarian meaning: its storerooms served as a source of food for the buryats, hence its image in the riddle as a rich man, owner of cattle and horses. It was found out that the buryats associated with the mouse some character traits and physical characteristics of a person (roguishness, thievery, sweating, etc.). The mouse was synonymous with everything insignificant. It was determined that the mouse image was included in the buryats' ideas about time, associated with some diseases. In the second part of the work, the image of a mouse in the mythological views of the buryats is reconstructed. It was revealed that the field mouse was a symbol of material prosperity. It was believed that she predicted winter. The idea of a magic stone bringing happiness was associated with her. The house mouse, unlike the field mouse, was associated with demonological characters, was a harbinger of trouble and death. At the same time, the white house mouse carried the symbolism of happiness and healing.Conclusion. The study shows that in the traditional worldview of the buryats, the image of a mouse is characterized by ambiguity and ambivalence of connotation.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-122-134
I. V. Balyunov
Purpose. This article presents the analysis of two bardiches stored in the weapon collection of the Tobolsk Museum-Reserve.Results. Further study of bardiches should be based on a complete accounting and classification of such weapons stored, primarily, in museums. Bardiches in the Tobolsk Museum-Reserve collection belong to two different types, which are most common both in Western Siberia and in the Moscow state in 17th century. A characteristic feature of the Tobolsk exhibits is the decorative design, which has few analogies.Conclusion. In written sources, the use of bardiches in Western Siberia was recorded in 1670s. Bardiches were in service with dragoon regiments, and were delivered to Siberia as part of centralized supplies from Moscow. In Siberia bardiches could be produced in rural forges, although in limited quantities. Some bardiches were delivered to Siberia privately. Tobolsk Museum houses ceramic tiles of the late 17th century. On the tile there is a picture of a warrior armed with a bardiche. During the reforms of Peter I bardiches were in service with Russian army, but at the beginning of the 18th century this weapon gradually became obsolete.
{"title":"Bardiches in the Tobolsk Museum-Reserve Collection","authors":"I. V. Balyunov","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-122-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-122-134","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. This article presents the analysis of two bardiches stored in the weapon collection of the Tobolsk Museum-Reserve.Results. Further study of bardiches should be based on a complete accounting and classification of such weapons stored, primarily, in museums. Bardiches in the Tobolsk Museum-Reserve collection belong to two different types, which are most common both in Western Siberia and in the Moscow state in 17th century. A characteristic feature of the Tobolsk exhibits is the decorative design, which has few analogies.Conclusion. In written sources, the use of bardiches in Western Siberia was recorded in 1670s. Bardiches were in service with dragoon regiments, and were delivered to Siberia as part of centralized supplies from Moscow. In Siberia bardiches could be produced in rural forges, although in limited quantities. Some bardiches were delivered to Siberia privately. Tobolsk Museum houses ceramic tiles of the late 17th century. On the tile there is a picture of a warrior armed with a bardiche. During the reforms of Peter I bardiches were in service with Russian army, but at the beginning of the 18th century this weapon gradually became obsolete.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":" 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-144-163
A. Golovnev
The uncertainty of the location of the chronicle Yugra is attributable by several circumstances, including its localization both to the west and to the east of the Urals, with the division in written sources of the people(s) called Yugra / Ugra into steppe nomads (Ugrians, Ungry, Magyars, Hungarians), who went west to the Carpathians, and taiga dwellers (Yugra), who remained «in the midnight countries». For ethnographers and historians, this topic is relevant not only from the perspective of the historical geography of the 11th – 17th centuries, but also as a key to understanding many plots of Russian history related to the colonization and development of the resources of the Urals and Siberia. Is it possible today to add something to this old discussion? The author believes that visual sources (maps) can open new perspectives and place new accents, since cartography has particular reliability and credibility as a direct projection of reality. On early maps and in accompanying descriptions, Yugra is located mainly in the Urals, although, apparently, the Yugrichs also lived east of the Urals. Moscow, while moved northward and eastward in the 14th century, especially after the baptism of Permians by Stefan, provided the Yugra spreading beyond the Urals. While in the 11th – 16th centuries Yugra was in the orbit of influence (or part of the domain) of Novgorod the Great, then from the end of the 15th century, it became the possession of the Moscow Grand Prince, who in 1488 supplemented his title with the name «Yugorsky». Since that time, Yugra has been increasingly mentioned beyond the Urals, and after the defeat of Novgorod from Moscow, the very name «Yugra» becomes a thing of the past and is replaced by new, Moscow names –«Vogul» and «Ostyak».
{"title":"Ethnocartography of Medieval Yugra","authors":"A. Golovnev","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-144-163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-144-163","url":null,"abstract":"The uncertainty of the location of the chronicle Yugra is attributable by several circumstances, including its localization both to the west and to the east of the Urals, with the division in written sources of the people(s) called Yugra / Ugra into steppe nomads (Ugrians, Ungry, Magyars, Hungarians), who went west to the Carpathians, and taiga dwellers (Yugra), who remained «in the midnight countries». For ethnographers and historians, this topic is relevant not only from the perspective of the historical geography of the 11th – 17th centuries, but also as a key to understanding many plots of Russian history related to the colonization and development of the resources of the Urals and Siberia. Is it possible today to add something to this old discussion? The author believes that visual sources (maps) can open new perspectives and place new accents, since cartography has particular reliability and credibility as a direct projection of reality. On early maps and in accompanying descriptions, Yugra is located mainly in the Urals, although, apparently, the Yugrichs also lived east of the Urals. Moscow, while moved northward and eastward in the 14th century, especially after the baptism of Permians by Stefan, provided the Yugra spreading beyond the Urals. While in the 11th – 16th centuries Yugra was in the orbit of influence (or part of the domain) of Novgorod the Great, then from the end of the 15th century, it became the possession of the Moscow Grand Prince, who in 1488 supplemented his title with the name «Yugorsky». Since that time, Yugra has been increasingly mentioned beyond the Urals, and after the defeat of Novgorod from Moscow, the very name «Yugra» becomes a thing of the past and is replaced by new, Moscow names –«Vogul» and «Ostyak».","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"179 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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