Pub Date : 2017-12-14DOI: 10.4467/16890027AP.17.022.7824
L. L. As, L. Basson, J. As
Members of the Urceolariidae Dujardin, 1941 have been found associated with a wide variety of invertebrate hosts from freshwater and marine habitats. Five species have been described from molluscan hosts from Europe and America. This paper deals with an urceolariid (Leiotrocha Fabre-Domergue, 1888) collected from the gills of Cellana radiata capensis (Gmelin, 1791) and Scutellastra exusta (Reeve, 1854) from the east coast of South Africa, as well as Patella depressa Pennant, 1777 and Cymbula safiana (Lamarck, 1891) from the bulge (west coast) of Africa. A higher prevalence was found on C. radiata capensis (89%) and P. depressa (72%) compared to the other two hosts. The urceolariid collected from the African limpets was identified as L. patellae (Cuenot, 1891). This is the first record of an urceolariid from any African hosts, including representatives of the Mollusca. Five urceolariid species were identified and described from gastropods, i.e. L. patellae Cuenot, 1891, U. karyolobia Hirshfield, 1949, U. cellanae Suzuki, 1950, U. viridis Richards, 1971 and U. parakorschelti Irwin, Sabetrasekh and Lynn, 2017. Motivation is provided why U. cellanae and U. viridis should be reallocated to the genus Leiotrocha, and U. karyolobia not. The taxonomic validity of the recent description of U. parakorschelti from limpets is commented on.
{"title":"Mobiline peritrichs (Ciliophora) collected from the gills of African limpets","authors":"L. L. As, L. Basson, J. As","doi":"10.4467/16890027AP.17.022.7824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/16890027AP.17.022.7824","url":null,"abstract":"Members of the Urceolariidae Dujardin, 1941 have been found associated with a wide variety of invertebrate hosts from freshwater and marine habitats. Five species have been described from molluscan hosts from Europe and America. This paper deals with an urceolariid (Leiotrocha Fabre-Domergue, 1888) collected from the gills of Cellana radiata capensis (Gmelin, 1791) and Scutellastra exusta (Reeve, 1854) from the east coast of South Africa, as well as Patella depressa Pennant, 1777 and Cymbula safiana (Lamarck, 1891) from the bulge (west coast) of Africa. A higher prevalence was found on C. radiata capensis (89%) and P. depressa (72%) compared to the other two hosts. The urceolariid collected from the African limpets was identified as L. patellae (Cuenot, 1891). This is the first record of an urceolariid from any African hosts, including representatives of the Mollusca. Five urceolariid species were identified and described from gastropods, i.e. L. patellae Cuenot, 1891, U. karyolobia Hirshfield, 1949, U. cellanae Suzuki, 1950, U. viridis Richards, 1971 and U. parakorschelti Irwin, Sabetrasekh and Lynn, 2017. Motivation is provided why U. cellanae and U. viridis should be reallocated to the genus Leiotrocha, and U. karyolobia not. The taxonomic validity of the recent description of U. parakorschelti from limpets is commented on.","PeriodicalId":50883,"journal":{"name":"Acta Protozoologica","volume":"2017 1","pages":"245-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48222628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-14DOI: 10.4467/16890027AP.17.025.7827
Jing Li, Yang Kun, Feizhou Chen, L. Wenxuan, Fang Ting, Zhao Xiuxia, Haiyang Li, Cui Kai
Direct and indirect effects of crustacean zooplankton (cladocerans and copepods) are important regulators of ciliate communities, especially in eutrophic systems. However, it is not clear whether pseudodiaptomids (e.g., Schmackeria), one of the dominant calanoid copepods in Chinese lakes, effectively impacts natural ciliate communities. The impacts of small-bodied cladocerans (e.g., Bosmina) on ciliates are also controversial. We performed an incubation experiment using winter lake water from Lake Chaohu to assess the structuring effects that crustacean zooplankton have on natural ciliate populations. The presence and absence of cladocerans (Bosmina sp.) and copepods (Schmackeria inopinus) were alternated in four treatments. Both Bosmina sp. and Schmackeria inopinus had substantial impacts on ciliate abundance, biomass, and community structure. The response of ciliates was different in the presence of Bosmina sp. compared with Schmackeria inopinus and varied among categories such as the ciliate population, relative body size and functional feeding group. Our results also highlight the importance of interference and exploitative competition among metazooplankton groups.
{"title":"The Impacts of Crustacean Zooplankton on a Natural Ciliate Community: a Short-term Incubation Experiment","authors":"Jing Li, Yang Kun, Feizhou Chen, L. Wenxuan, Fang Ting, Zhao Xiuxia, Haiyang Li, Cui Kai","doi":"10.4467/16890027AP.17.025.7827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/16890027AP.17.025.7827","url":null,"abstract":"Direct and indirect effects of crustacean zooplankton (cladocerans and copepods) are important regulators of ciliate communities, especially in eutrophic systems. However, it is not clear whether pseudodiaptomids (e.g., Schmackeria), one of the dominant calanoid copepods in Chinese lakes, effectively impacts natural ciliate communities. The impacts of small-bodied cladocerans (e.g., Bosmina) on ciliates are also controversial. \u0000We performed an incubation experiment using winter lake water from Lake Chaohu to assess the structuring effects that crustacean zooplankton have on natural ciliate populations. The presence and absence of cladocerans (Bosmina sp.) and copepods (Schmackeria inopinus) were alternated in four treatments. \u0000Both Bosmina sp. and Schmackeria inopinus had substantial impacts on ciliate abundance, biomass, and community structure. The response of ciliates was different in the presence of Bosmina sp. compared with Schmackeria inopinus and varied among categories such as the ciliate population, relative body size and functional feeding group. Our results also highlight the importance of interference and exploitative competition among metazooplankton groups.","PeriodicalId":50883,"journal":{"name":"Acta Protozoologica","volume":"2017 1","pages":"289-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45322940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-14DOI: 10.4467/16890027AP.17.026.7828
Xinlu Shi, Guijie Liu, Chundi Wang, Xiaozhong Hu
A brackish water euplotid ciliate, Uronychia xinjiangensis n. sp., was discovered in a ditch in Yuli County, Xinjiang, China. Its morphology, ciliature and morphogenesis were investigated based on specimens examined in vivo and following protargol staining. The new species is characterized by the posterior part of the adoral zone composed of three membranelles, which has never been seen in all other known congeners. Other morphologic features include: (i) body oval-shaped, with conspicuous right anterior spur-like protrusion; (ii)size in vivo 60–90 × 40–68 μm; (iii) two macronuclear nodules; (iv) four frontal, two ventral, five transverse, three left marginal and three caudal cirri. Its morphogenesis proceeds in a usual way, except that the oral primordium forms only three proximal membranelles rather than four proximal membranelles within congeners. The small subunit rRNA gene of the new species (GenBank accession number: KX147287) comprises 1723 bp and 44.63% GC content, and differs by 0.12–1.81% from those of congeners. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rRNA gene sequence data reveal that Uronychia xinjiangensis n. sp. clusters with other Uronychia species with full support, which supports the monophyly of the genus Uronychia Stein, 1859.
{"title":"Description of a new brackish water ciliate, Uronychia xinjiangensis n. sp. (Ciliophora, Euplotida) based on morphology, morphogenesis and molecular phylogeny","authors":"Xinlu Shi, Guijie Liu, Chundi Wang, Xiaozhong Hu","doi":"10.4467/16890027AP.17.026.7828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/16890027AP.17.026.7828","url":null,"abstract":"A brackish water euplotid ciliate, Uronychia xinjiangensis n. sp., was discovered in a ditch in Yuli County, Xinjiang, China. Its morphology, ciliature and morphogenesis were investigated based on specimens examined in vivo and following protargol staining. The new species is characterized by the posterior part of the adoral zone composed of three membranelles, which has never been seen in all other known congeners. Other morphologic features include: (i) body oval-shaped, with conspicuous right anterior spur-like protrusion; \u0000(ii)size in vivo 60–90 × 40–68 μm; (iii) two macronuclear nodules; (iv) four frontal, two ventral, five transverse, three left marginal and three caudal cirri. Its morphogenesis proceeds in a usual way, except that the oral primordium forms only three proximal membranelles rather than four proximal membranelles within congeners. The small subunit rRNA gene of the new species (GenBank accession number: KX147287) comprises 1723 bp and 44.63% GC content, and differs by 0.12–1.81% from those of congeners. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rRNA gene sequence data reveal that Uronychia xinjiangensis n. sp. clusters with other Uronychia species with full support, which supports the monophyly of the genus Uronychia Stein, 1859.","PeriodicalId":50883,"journal":{"name":"Acta Protozoologica","volume":"56 1","pages":"303-315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43539714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-14DOI: 10.4467/16890027AP.17.020.7822
Lingyun Chen, Xiaolu Zhao, Hamed A. El‐Serehy, Jie Huang, J. Clamp
Tachysoma pellionellum Stokes, 1887, a freshwater ciliate isolated from Stone Mountain State Park, North Carolina, was studied in vivo and after staining with protargol. The population was characterized mainly by having the typical 18 frontal-ventral-transverse cirri; posterior ends of left and right marginal rows not confluent; five dorsal kineties and one dorsomarginal kinety; two macronuclear nodules near left cell margin with one or two micronuclei between them; contractile vacuole located at mid-body near left margin. Morphogenesis is characterized as follows: (1) in the proter, the parental adoral zone of membranelles is retained completely; (2) 18 frontal-ventral-transverse cirri are derived from the anlage of the undulating membrane and the five streaks of the frontal-ventral-transverse anlagen; (3) marginal rows develop intrakinetally; (4) anlagen of dorsal kineties 1, 2 and 4 develop in the parental structure and anlagen of dorsal kineties 2 and 4 fragment in the posterior region forming anlagen of dorsal kineties 3 and 5; (5) only one dorsomarginal kinety formed; (6) the two macronuclear nodules fuse into a single mass, which then divides. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of the gene coding for SSU RNA revealed a close relationship between T. pellionellum and the Oxytricha clade, both of which grouped with Kleinstyla dorsicirrata and Heterourosomoida lanceolata.
{"title":"The Systematic Studies on the Hypotrich Ciliate, Tachysoma pellionellum (Müller, 1773) Borror, 1972 (Protozoa, Ciliophora) Based on Integrative Approaches: Morphology, Morphogenesis and Molecular Phylogenetic Analyses","authors":"Lingyun Chen, Xiaolu Zhao, Hamed A. El‐Serehy, Jie Huang, J. Clamp","doi":"10.4467/16890027AP.17.020.7822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/16890027AP.17.020.7822","url":null,"abstract":"Tachysoma pellionellum Stokes, 1887, a freshwater ciliate isolated from Stone Mountain State Park, North Carolina, was studied in vivo and after staining with protargol. The population was characterized mainly by having the typical 18 frontal-ventral-transverse cirri; posterior ends of left and right marginal rows not confluent; five dorsal kineties and one dorsomarginal kinety; two macronuclear nodules near left cell margin with one or two micronuclei between them; contractile vacuole located at mid-body near left margin. Morphogenesis is characterized as follows: (1) in the proter, the parental adoral zone of membranelles is retained completely; (2) 18 frontal-ventral-transverse cirri are derived from the anlage of the undulating membrane and the five streaks of the frontal-ventral-transverse anlagen; (3) marginal rows develop intrakinetally; (4) anlagen of dorsal kineties 1, 2 and 4 develop in the parental structure and anlagen of dorsal kineties 2 and 4 fragment in the posterior region forming anlagen of dorsal kineties 3 and 5; (5) only one dorsomarginal kinety formed; (6) the two macronuclear nodules fuse into a single mass, which then divides. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of the gene coding for SSU RNA revealed a close relationship between T. pellionellum and the Oxytricha clade, both of which grouped with Kleinstyla dorsicirrata and Heterourosomoida lanceolata.","PeriodicalId":50883,"journal":{"name":"Acta Protozoologica","volume":"2017 1","pages":"221-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41991186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-13DOI: 10.4467/16890027AP.17.019.7500
J. Dolan, E. Yang
Species identifications of tintinnid ciliates are based on characteristics of the lorica housing the ciliate cell. Molecular characterization of tintinnid ciliates has revealed the occurrence of cryptic species, genetically distinct forms with similar loricas, as well as polymorphic species in which genetically identical forms have distinct loricas. Among this latter category may be forms currently recognized as species of the genus Salpingacantha, erected by Kofoid and Campbell for forms originally described as varieties of species of Salpingella with ‘teeth’ on the margin of the lorica oral opening. Some workers have expressed the opinion that the genus is artificial and notably a recent molecular study suggested that Salpingella and Salpingacantha are likely synonyms. In this short communication we report on finding morphologically distinct loricas (containing ciliate cells) of Salpingacantha in single samples from stations in the North Pacific and Arctic Oceans in 2010, 2015 and 2016. We found up to 5 distinct Salpingacantha forms co-occurring, often with abundant Salpingella acuminata populations suggesting that some Salpingacantha species may be varieties of Salpingella acuminata. While we lack genetic data needed for definitive proof of polymorphism, here we document remarkable gradual gradients in morphology suggestive of polymorphism.
{"title":"Observations of Apparent Lorica Variability in Salpingacantha (Ciliophora: Tintinnida) in the Northern Pacific and Arctic Oceans","authors":"J. Dolan, E. Yang","doi":"10.4467/16890027AP.17.019.7500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/16890027AP.17.019.7500","url":null,"abstract":"Species identifications of tintinnid ciliates are based on characteristics of the lorica housing the ciliate cell. Molecular characterization of tintinnid ciliates has revealed the occurrence of cryptic species, genetically distinct forms with similar loricas, as well as polymorphic species in which genetically identical forms have distinct loricas. Among this latter category may be forms currently recognized as species of the genus Salpingacantha, erected by Kofoid and Campbell for forms originally described as varieties of species of Salpingella with ‘teeth’ on the margin of the lorica oral opening. Some workers have expressed the opinion that the genus is artificial and notably a recent molecular study suggested that Salpingella and Salpingacantha are likely synonyms. In this short communication we report on finding morphologically distinct loricas (containing ciliate cells) of Salpingacantha in single samples from stations in the North Pacific and Arctic Oceans in 2010, 2015 and 2016. We found up to 5 distinct Salpingacantha forms co-occurring, often with abundant Salpingella acuminata populations suggesting that some Salpingacantha species may be varieties of Salpingella acuminata. While we lack genetic data needed for definitive proof of polymorphism, here we document remarkable gradual gradients in morphology suggestive of polymorphism.","PeriodicalId":50883,"journal":{"name":"Acta Protozoologica","volume":"2017 1","pages":"217-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42810750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-13DOI: 10.4467/16890027ap.17.018.7499
S. Shimano, A. Bobrov, M. Wanner, M. Lamentowicz, Y. Mazei, T. Ohtsuka
We present a short note on the species composition of testate amoebae in a poor fen on mineral soil near the Pacific Coast in the hilly area of Central Honshu, Japan. In total 45 species and subspecific taxa belonged to 21 genera and 14 families of testate amoebae were recorded. Eight species and nine subspecies are newly recorded from Japan. However, most species from the list can be considered as distributed worldwide and associated mostly to oligotrophic/acid Sphagnum conditions.
{"title":"Testate Amoeba Diversity of a Poor Fen on Mineral Soil in the Hilly Area of Central Honshu, Japan","authors":"S. Shimano, A. Bobrov, M. Wanner, M. Lamentowicz, Y. Mazei, T. Ohtsuka","doi":"10.4467/16890027ap.17.018.7499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/16890027ap.17.018.7499","url":null,"abstract":"We present a short note on the species composition of testate amoebae in a poor fen on mineral soil near the Pacific Coast in the hilly area of Central Honshu, Japan. In total 45 species and subspecific taxa belonged to 21 genera and 14 families of testate amoebae were recorded. Eight species and nine subspecies are newly recorded from Japan. However, most species from the list can be considered as distributed worldwide and associated mostly to oligotrophic/acid Sphagnum conditions.","PeriodicalId":50883,"journal":{"name":"Acta Protozoologica","volume":"2017 1","pages":"211-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43701787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-13DOI: 10.4467/16890027AP.17.014.7495
Ji Hye Moon, J. Kim, Jae‐Ho Jung
Brackish water populations of Pinacocoleps pulcher were collected from a lagoon in Korea. This species has never been described using silver impregnation and nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene. In the present study, we investigated the morphological and molecular attributes of P. pulcher using standard methods. The morphology was studied based on observations of live materials, silver-impregnated preparations, and scanning electron microscopy. The morphological characteristics are as follows: body size 80–90 × 40–50 µm in vivo, shape broadly ellipsoidal, body cross-section ellipsoidal, about seven anterior spines and about seven posterior spines, approximately 21 somatic ciliary rows, one macronucleus and one micronucleus, and a single caudal cilium. The SSU rRNA gene tree supports a sister relationship of P. pulcher to the genus Apocoleps, not P. tesselatus.
{"title":"Taxonomical reinvestigation of the colepid species Pinacocoleps pulcher (Spiegel, 1926) Foissner et al., 2008 (Ciliophora: Prorodontida: Colepidae)","authors":"Ji Hye Moon, J. Kim, Jae‐Ho Jung","doi":"10.4467/16890027AP.17.014.7495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/16890027AP.17.014.7495","url":null,"abstract":"Brackish water populations of Pinacocoleps pulcher were collected from a lagoon in Korea. This species has never been described using silver impregnation and nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene. In the present study, we investigated the morphological and molecular attributes of P. pulcher using standard methods. The morphology was studied based on observations of live materials, silver-impregnated preparations, and scanning electron microscopy. The morphological characteristics are as follows: body size 80–90 × 40–50 µm in vivo, shape broadly ellipsoidal, body cross-section ellipsoidal, about seven anterior spines and about seven posterior spines, approximately 21 somatic ciliary rows, one macronucleus and one micronucleus, and a single caudal cilium. The SSU rRNA gene tree supports a sister relationship of P. pulcher to the genus Apocoleps, not P. tesselatus.","PeriodicalId":50883,"journal":{"name":"Acta Protozoologica","volume":"2017 1","pages":"161-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46265791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-13DOI: 10.4467/16890027AP.17.012.7493
Z. I. Uspenskaya, A. L. Yudin
A previously unrecorded property of actinomycin D, a well-known antibiotic, was discovered in the course of long-term genetic research on the amoeba Amoeba proteus and the ciliate Dileptus anser. In these protists actinomycin D can induce an unusual type of hereditary variation, which we refer to as the inheritable destabilization of characters. A number of features indicate that this variation is epigenetic, that is, not caused by mutations in the DNA. Therefore, actinomycin D may be considered as an inducer of epigenetic inheritable changes, in other words, as an epimutagen.
{"title":"Actinomycin D as an Epimutagen in Protists","authors":"Z. I. Uspenskaya, A. L. Yudin","doi":"10.4467/16890027AP.17.012.7493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/16890027AP.17.012.7493","url":null,"abstract":"A previously unrecorded property of actinomycin D, a well-known antibiotic, was discovered in the course of long-term genetic research on the amoeba Amoeba proteus and the ciliate Dileptus anser. In these protists actinomycin D can induce an unusual type of hereditary variation, which we refer to as the inheritable destabilization of characters. A number of features indicate that this variation is epigenetic, that is, not caused by mutations in the DNA. Therefore, actinomycin D may be considered as an inducer of epigenetic inheritable changes, in other words, as an epimutagen.","PeriodicalId":50883,"journal":{"name":"Acta Protozoologica","volume":"2017 1","pages":"139-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43407133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-13DOI: 10.4467/16890027AP.17.015.7496
G. Gürelli, F. Akman
The species composition and distribution of ciliates were investigated in the rumen contents of 15 domestic cattle (Bos taurus taurus L.) living in the European part of Istanbul, Turkey. Thirty-five species and 13 morphotypes belonging to 13 genera were identified. The density of rumen ciliates in cattle was 31.8 (± 21.3) × 104 cells ml−1, and the mean number of ciliate species per host was 12.9 ± 4.4. Of the ciliate species, Dasytricha ruminantium, Entodinium simulans, and Isotricha prostoma were the most abundant, each with a prevalence of 93.3%, whereas Diplodinium anisacanthum, D. dogieli, D. rangiferi, Enoploplastron triloricatum, Metadinium medium, and Ostracodinium munham were detected only in one animal (6.7% prevalence). Eodinium posterovesiculatum m. bilobosum and D. dogieli are new host records for cattle in Turkey. The infraciliature of M. medium (Entodiniomorphida, Ophryoscolecidae) was examined and detected for the first time. The buccal infraciliature of M. medium was composed of three polybrachykineties, a kinety loop, and paralabial kineties. A large dorso-adoral polybrachykinety, a gentle S-shaped curved vestibular polybrachykinety, and a kinety loop between the dorso-adoral polybrachykinety and adoral polybrachykinety were characteristics. Because of these features, M. medium-type buccal infraciliature was between the Ostracodinium gracile-type buccal infraciliature and the Ostracodinium mammosum-type buccal infraciliature.
{"title":"Rumen Ciliate Biota of Domestic Cattle (Bos taurus taurus) in İstanbul, Turkey and Infraciliature of Metadinium medium (Entodiniomorphida, Ophryoscolecidae)","authors":"G. Gürelli, F. Akman","doi":"10.4467/16890027AP.17.015.7496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/16890027AP.17.015.7496","url":null,"abstract":"The species composition and distribution of ciliates were investigated in the rumen contents of 15 domestic cattle (Bos taurus taurus L.) living in the European part of Istanbul, Turkey. Thirty-five species and 13 morphotypes belonging to 13 genera were identified. The density of rumen ciliates in cattle was 31.8 (± 21.3) × 104 cells ml−1, and the mean number of ciliate species per host was 12.9 ± 4.4. Of the ciliate species, Dasytricha ruminantium, Entodinium simulans, and Isotricha prostoma were the most abundant, each with a prevalence of 93.3%, whereas Diplodinium anisacanthum, D. dogieli, D. rangiferi, Enoploplastron triloricatum, Metadinium medium, and Ostracodinium munham were detected only in one animal (6.7% prevalence). Eodinium posterovesiculatum m. bilobosum and D. dogieli are new host records for cattle in Turkey. The infraciliature of M. medium (Entodiniomorphida, Ophryoscolecidae) was examined and detected for the first time. The buccal infraciliature of M. medium was composed of three polybrachykineties, a kinety loop, and paralabial kineties. A large dorso-adoral polybrachykinety, a gentle S-shaped curved vestibular polybrachykinety, and a kinety loop between the dorso-adoral polybrachykinety and adoral polybrachykinety were characteristics. Because of these features, M. medium-type buccal infraciliature was between the Ostracodinium gracile-type buccal infraciliature and the Ostracodinium mammosum-type buccal infraciliature.","PeriodicalId":50883,"journal":{"name":"Acta Protozoologica","volume":"2017 1","pages":"171-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46594958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-13DOI: 10.4467/16890027AP.17.016.7497
Álvaro Valle, S. Maciver
We report the isolation of a new species of Allovahlkampfia, a small cyst-forming heterolobosean soil amoeba. Phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rDNA and the internal transcribed spacers indicates that Allovahlkampfia is more closely related to the acrasids than to other heterolobosean groups and indicates that the new strain (GF1) groups with Allovahlkampfia tibetiensis and A. nederlandiensis despite being significantly smaller than these and any other described Allovahlkampfia species. GF1 forms aggregated cyst masses similar to the early stages of Acrasis sorocarp development, in agreement with the view that it shares ancestry with the acrasids. Time-lapse video microscopy reveals that trophozoites are attracted to individuals that have already begun to encyst or that have formed cysts. Although some members of the genus are known to be pathogenic the strain GF1 does not grow above 28oC nor at elevated osmotic conditions, indicating that it is unlikely to be a pathogen.
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