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Electromagnetic Radiation Generated by Acoustic Excitation of Rock Samples 岩石样品声激励产生的电磁辐射
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2016-12-02 DOI: 10.1515/acgeo-2016-0081
Lyudmila V. Yavorovich, A. Bespalko, P. Fedotov, R. Baksht
The paper presents an experiment on acoustic excitation of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) signals in skarn, sandstone, and magnetite ore samples. For the skarn and sandstone samples, the EMR signal amplitude was observed to decrease with increasing ultimate strength. Supposedly, this effect can be explained by assuming that EMR is generated when an acoustic wave propagates through an electrical double layer. The presence of piezoelectric inclusions (e.g., quartz) in the magnetite ore enhances the analog EMR signal and its spectral components.
在矽卡岩、砂岩和磁铁矿样品中进行了电磁辐射(EMR)信号的声激励实验。对于矽卡岩和砂岩样品,EMR信号幅度随极限强度的增加而减小。据推测,这种效应可以通过假设电磁波通过双电层传播时产生EMR来解释。磁铁矿中压电夹杂物(如石英)的存在增强了模拟EMR信号及其频谱成分。
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引用次数: 11
Enhancement of Seismic Data Processing and Interpretation of Fracture Zones on the Upper Part of Granitic Basement in Cuu Long Basin, Vietnam 越南龟龙盆地花岗岩基底上部断裂带地震资料处理与解释的改进
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/acgeo-2016-0082
M. T. Tân, M. Ha, K. Marfurt, Nguyen Trung Hieu, Nguyen Thi My Hanh
The fractured granite basement is the primary oil and gas reservoir in the Cuu Long Basin, Vietnam. Due to the complexity of this nonlayered unconventional target, combined with complicated fault and fracture systems, the seismic data quality near and within the basement section is very low. For this reason, it is important to apply improved seismic data processing workflows, filtering and migration techniques, as wells as attribute processing methods to enhance the imaging quality.Our studies show that applying different types of filters, including the f-k, Radon transform and Tau-P, improves signal to noise ratio, removing multiples, revealing basement’s top and its related fractured and fault zones. In addition, the application of multi-arrival-solution migration algorithms, such as Kirchhoff Migration and Controlled Beam Migration, provides improved imaging for identifying basement top and faults and fractures within the basement. Furthermore, the application of seismic attributes such as curvature, apparent dip, or energy gradient, is important in locating faults and fractures, whereas mapping of intensity and orientation of such structures assists the delineation of “sweet spots” and assists the planning of exploration.
裂缝性花岗岩基底是越南龟龙盆地的主要油气储集层。由于非层状非常规油气藏的复杂性,加上复杂的断裂和裂缝系统,基底段附近和基底段内的地震资料质量很低。因此,采用改进的地震数据处理流程、滤波和偏移技术以及属性处理方法来提高成像质量非常重要。研究表明,采用f-k变换、Radon变换和Tau-P等不同类型的滤波器,提高了信噪比,消除了倍数,揭示了基底顶部及其相关的裂缝和断裂带。此外,Kirchhoff偏移和可控波束偏移等多到达解偏移算法的应用,为识别基底顶部和基底内的断层和裂缝提供了改进的成像技术。此外,曲率、视倾角或能量梯度等地震属性的应用对断层和裂缝的定位很重要,而这些结构的强度和方向的测绘有助于划定“甜点”,并有助于勘探规划。
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引用次数: 7
Surface-based Internal Multiple Elimination in the CMP Domain — Theory and Application Strategies on Land Seismic Data 基于表面的CMP域内多次消去——陆地地震数据的理论与应用策略
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/acgeo-2016-0107
Shiguang Deng, Wenjin Zhao, Zhiwei Liu
The data-driven internal multiple elimination (IME) method based on feedback model, which includes CFP-based, surface-based and inversion- based methods, are successfully applied to marine datasets. However, these methods are computationally expensive and not always straightforward on land datasets. In this paper, we first proved that the surface-based IME method, which is the most computationally efficient method among the three methods, can be derived from the CFP theory. Then we extend it to CMP domain under the assumption of locally lateral invariance of the earth, which makes it more computationally efficient. In addition, we proposed applying a time-variant taper based on the first Fresnel zone to predict the multiples more percisely. Besides, the improved S/N ratio and dense offset distribution can be obtained by using the CMP supergather, which makes the CMP-oriented method more suitable for land data. Some practical processing strategies are proposed via case study. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated with the application to synthetic and field data.
基于反馈模型的数据驱动内多重消除(IME)方法,包括基于cfp的方法、基于地表的方法和基于反演的方法,成功地应用于海洋数据集。然而,这些方法在计算上很昂贵,而且在陆地数据集上并不总是直截了当的。本文首先从CFP理论出发,证明了三种方法中计算效率最高的基于表面的IME方法。然后在地球局部横向不变性的假设下,将其推广到CMP域,提高了计算效率。此外,我们提出了基于第一菲涅耳带的时变锥度来更精确地预测倍数。此外,利用CMP超集可以获得更高的信噪比和密集的偏移分布,使得面向CMP的方法更适合于陆地数据。通过案例分析,提出了一些实用的处理策略。通过对综合数据和现场数据的应用,验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Ranking of Sudden Ionospheric Disturbances by Means of the Duration of Vlf Perturbed Signal in Agreement with Satellite X-Ray Flux Classification 利用Vlf扰动信号持续时间对电离层扰动进行排序,与卫星x射线通量分类一致
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/acgeo-2016-0114
A. Ammar, H. Ghalila
Ionosphere undergoes permanently solar flares that quickly change its properties inducing sometime unwanted effects. These changes, or events, are known as Sudden Ionospheric Disturbances (SIDs) and the knowledge of their magnitude may be of great interest to anticipate probable damages. Currently, there does not exist any classification of these ionospheric changes based on their amplitude due to the wide variability of its responses. The only way to surmise their importance is to study them indirectly, throughout the classification of the X-ray flux intensity recorded by satellites. An attempt of classification based on their duration was proposed by the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) but it is not very accurate because SID’s duration is measured directly from the raw signal of the Very Low Frequency (VLF) signal and/or the Low Frequency (LF) signal. The aim of this work is to investigate, through a set of simple mathematical techniques applied to VLF/LF signals recorded by ground based receivers, the best method to estimate SIDs durations and then propose a new classification based on these durations.
电离层经历了永久的太阳耀斑,它迅速改变了电离层的性质,有时会产生意想不到的影响。这些变化或事件被称为电离层突然扰动(SIDs),了解其量级对预测可能造成的损害具有重大意义。目前,由于电离层响应的变异性很大,还不存在基于电离层变化幅度的任何分类。猜测其重要性的唯一方法是间接地研究它们,在卫星记录的x射线通量强度的整个分类过程中。美国变星观测者协会(AAVSO)提出了一种基于它们持续时间的分类尝试,但它不是很准确,因为SID的持续时间是直接从极低频(VLF)信号和/或低频(LF)信号的原始信号中测量出来的。这项工作的目的是通过一套应用于地面接收器记录的VLF/LF信号的简单数学技术,研究估计小岛屿干扰持续时间的最佳方法,然后根据这些持续时间提出新的分类方法。
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引用次数: 4
Vibration Effect of Near Earthquakes at Different Depths in a Shallow Medieval Mine 中世纪浅矿不同深度近震的振动效应
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/acgeo-2016-0085
M. Lednická, Z. Kaláb
The shallow medieval Jeroným Mine is located at a distance of about 25 km southeast of the Nový Kostel focal zone where the most intensive seismic activity in West Bohemia (Czech Republic) has been documented. Permanent seismological monitoring has been carried out since 2004 in this mine. During the 2011 and 2014 seismic swarms, more than 1000 triggered records comprising almost 1500 earthquakes were recorded at the permanent station in the mine. Three short-term seismological experiments were accomplished during these swarms. Several temporary seismic stations were simultaneously placed in different parts of underground spaces which enabled comparison of vibration effect caused by near earthquakes in different parts of the mine. Although the depth of the lowest parts of mine is only about 60 m, a vibration effect generated by earthquakes from the Nový Kostel focal zone is not the same for the whole underground complex.
浅层中世纪Jeroným矿山位于Nový Kostel震源带东南约25公里处,该震源带是西波西米亚(捷克共和国)地震活动最密集的地方。自2004年以来,该矿进行了永久地震监测。在2011年和2014年的地震群中,该矿的永久站点记录了1000多个触发记录,其中包括近1500次地震。在此期间完成了3次短期地震实验。在地下空间的不同部位同时设置了几个临时地震台站,比较了矿井不同部位近震引起的振动效应。虽然矿井最低部分的深度只有60 m左右,但Nový Kostel震源带地震对整个地下复合体产生的振动效应是不一样的。
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引用次数: 4
Natural Radioactivity at the Sin Quyen Iron-Oxide-Copper-Gold Deposit in North Vietnam 越北仙泉氧化铁铜金矿床的天然放射性
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/acgeo-2016-0103
Dinh Chau Nguyen, Phon Le Khanh, P. Jodłowski, J. Pieczonka, A. Piestrzynski, H. Van, J. Nowak
The field radiometric and laboratory measurements were performed at the Sin Quyen copper deposit in North Vietnam. The field gamma-ray spectrometry indicated the concentration of uranium ranging from 5.5 to 87 ppm, thorium from 5.6 to 33.2 ppm, and potassium from 0.3 to 4.7%. The measured dose rates ranged from 115 to 582 nGy/h, the highest doses being at the copper ore. Concentrations in the solid samples were in the range of 20–1700 Bq/kg for uranium, 20–92.7 Bq/kg for thorium, and 7–1345 Bq/kg for potassium. The calculated doses were from 22 to 896 nGy/h; both measured and calculated dose rates are mostly related to uranium. Concentrations of radium in water samples were below 0.17 Bq/L. Uranium in water samples was significantly higher than the hydrogeological background; the maximum of 13 Bq/L was at the waste zone pool, but neither radium nor uranium were present in tap water. Radon concentration in the dwelling air was from 42 to 278 Bq/m3 for 222Rn and from 8 to 193 Bq/m3 for 220Rn. The estimated committed dose rates were principally related to 222Rn concentration and ranged from 1.1 to 8.1 mSv/y.
在越南北部的sinquyen铜矿进行了现场辐射测量和实验室测量。现场伽马能谱分析表明,铀的浓度在5.5 - 87 ppm之间,钍的浓度在5.6 - 33.2 ppm之间,钾的浓度在0.3 - 4.7%之间。测量到的剂量率范围为115至582毫格/小时,最高剂量在铜矿。固体样品中的铀浓度范围为20-1700毫格/公斤,钍浓度为20-92.7毫格/公斤,钾浓度为7-1345毫格/公斤。计算剂量为22 ~ 896 nGy/h;测量和计算的剂量率大多与铀有关。水样中镭的浓度低于0.17 Bq/L。水样中铀含量明显高于水文地质背景;废水池中镭和铀的含量最高,为13 Bq/L,自来水中没有镭和铀的存在。住宅空气中氡浓度222Rn为42 ~ 278 Bq/m3, 220Rn为8 ~ 193 Bq/m3。估计的承诺剂量率主要与222Rn浓度有关,范围为1.1至8.1毫西弗/年。
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引用次数: 18
Site Specific Ground Motion Modeling and Seismic Response Analysis for Microzonation of Baku, Azerbaijan 阿塞拜疆巴库微带的场地特定地面运动建模和地震反应分析
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/acgeo-2016-0105
G. Babayev, L. Telesca
We investigated ground response for Baku (Azerbaijan) from two earthquakes of magnitude M6.3 occurred in Caspian Sea (characterized as a near event) and M7.5 in Shamakhi (characterized as a remote extreme event). S-wave velocity with the average shear wave velocity over the topmost 30 m of soil is obtained by experimental method from the VP values measured for the soils. The downtown part of Baku city is characterized by low VS30 values (< 250 m/s), related to sand, water-saturated sand, gravel-pebble, and limestone with clay. High surface PGA of 240 gal for the M7.5 event and of about 190 gal for the M6.3 event, and hence a high ground motion amplification, is observed in the shoreline area, through downtown, in the north-west, and in the east parts of Baku city with soft clays, loamy sands, gravel, sediments.
我们调查了里海发生的里海6.3级地震和沙马基发生的沙马基7.5级地震对巴库(阿塞拜疆)的地面反应。用实验方法根据实测的土体VP值,得到了土体最上层30 m处的横波速度和平均横波速度。巴库市中心的VS30值较低(< 250 m/s),主要与砂、水饱和砂、砾石-卵石和含粘土的石灰石有关。7.5级地震的高地表PGA为240加仑,6.3级地震的高地表PGA约为190加仑,因此在海岸线地区,穿过市中心,西北部和巴库市东部的软粘土,壤土砂,砾石,沉积物中观察到地面运动放大。
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引用次数: 3
Seasonal Variations of Mid-Latitude Ionospheric Trough Structure Observed with DEMETER and COSMIC 用DEMETER和COSMIC观测中纬度电离层槽结构的季节变化
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/acgeo-2016-0102
B. Matyjasiak, D. Przepiórka, H. Rothkaehl
The mid-latitude ionospheric trough is a depleted region of ionospheric plasma observed in the topside ionosphere. Its behavior can provide useful information about the magnetospheric dynamics, since its existence is sensitive to magnetospherically induced motions. Midlatitude trough is mainly a night-time phenomenon. Both, its general features and detailed characteristics strongly depend on the level of geomagnetic disturbances, time of the day, season, and the solar cycle, among others. Although many studies provide basic information about general characteristics of the main ionospheric trough structure, an accurate prediction of the trough behavior in specific events is still understood poorly. The paper presents the mid-latitude trough characteristics with regard to the geomagnetic longitude and season during a solar activity minimum, as based on the DEMETER in situ satellite measurements and the data retrieved from FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC radio occultation measurements.
中纬度电离层槽是在电离层上层观测到的电离层等离子体耗尽的区域。它的行为可以提供有关磁层动力学的有用信息,因为它的存在对磁层诱导运动很敏感。中纬度低槽主要是夜间现象。它的一般特征和详细特征都强烈地取决于地磁扰动的程度、一天中的时间、季节和太阳周期等。虽然许多研究提供了电离层槽结构一般特征的基本信息,但对特定事件中槽行为的准确预测仍然知之甚少。本文基于DEMETER卫星实测资料和FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC掩星观测资料,给出了太阳活动极小期中纬度槽的地磁经度和季节特征。
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引用次数: 5
Application of Electrical Resistivity Imaging for Engineering Site Investigation. A Case Study on Prospective Hospital Site, Varamin, Iran 电阻率成像技术在工程现场勘察中的应用。伊朗瓦拉明未来医院选址案例研究
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/acgeo-2016-0100
A. Amini, H. Ramazi
The article addresses the application of electrical resistivity imaging for engineering site investigation in Pishva Hospital, Varamin, Iran. Some aqueduct shafts exist in the study area backfilled by loose materials. The goals of this study are to detect probable aqueduct tunnels and their depth, investigate filling quality in the shafts as well as connection(s) between them. Therefore, three profiles were surveyed by dipoledipole electrode array. Also, to investigate the potentially anomalous areas more accurately, five additional resistivity profiles were measured by a Combined Resistivity Sounding-Profiling array (CRSP). According to the results of 2-D inversion modelling, a main aqueduct tunnel was detected beneath the central part of the site. Finally, the resistivity pattern of the detected aqueduct system passing the investigated area was provided using the obtained results.
本文介绍了电阻率成像技术在伊朗瓦拉明Pishva医院工程现场勘察中的应用。研究区内存在一些以松散物充填的渡槽竖井。本研究的目的是探测可能的渡槽隧道及其深度,调查竖井中的填充物质量以及它们之间的连接。因此,采用双极电极阵列对三种剖面进行了测量。此外,为了更准确地调查潜在的异常区域,通过组合电阻率测深剖面阵列(CRSP)测量了另外五条电阻率剖面。根据二维反演模型的结果,在场地中部下方发现了一条主渡槽隧道。最后,利用所得结果给出了被测渡槽系统通过调查区域时的电阻率图。
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引用次数: 21
Extremely Cold Winter Months in Europe (1951–2010) 1951-2010年欧洲极端寒冷的冬季
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/acgeo-2016-0083
R. Twardosz, U. Kossowska-Cezak, Sebastian Pełech
Investigation of extreme thermal conditions is important from the perspective of global warming. Therefore, this study has been undertaken in order to determine the frequency, timing and spatial extent of extremely cold months in winter time at 60 weather stations across Europe over a sixty-year period from 1951 to 2010. Extremely cold months (ECMs) are defined as months in which the average air temperature is lower than the corresponding multi-annual average by at least 2 standard deviations. Half of all the ECMs occurred in the years 1951–1970 (33 out of 67). The lowest number of ECMs was recorded in the decade 1991–2000, but since the beginning of the 21st century, their density and territorial extent has started to increase again. The extremely cold months with ECMs of the greatest spatial extent, covering at least one third of the stations (over 20 stations), included: February 1954 (22), February 1956 (36), January 1963 (25), and January 1987 (23 stations).
从全球变暖的角度来看,极端热条件的研究是重要的。因此,本研究旨在确定1951 - 2010年60年间欧洲60个气象站冬季极端寒冷月份的频率、时间和空间范围。极冷月份是指平均气温比相应的多年平均值低至少两个标准差的月份。所有ecm的一半发生在1951-1970年(67例中的33例)。1991-2000年是记录到的最低数量的十年,但自21世纪初以来,它们的密度和领土范围开始再次增加。空间范围最大的极冷月份,覆盖了至少三分之一的台站(超过20个台站),包括1954年2月(22个)、1956年2月(36个)、1963年1月(25个)和1987年1月(23个)。
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引用次数: 12
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