Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique最新文献

Background: The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a French version of the Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation (BACE-3) scale that is tailored to the socio-cultural and language setting of the study.

Methods: The translation of the BACE-3 into French and its validation were the two key components of this psychometric investigation. An online survey was created and circulated to French-speaking participants who volunteered to participate in the study.

Results: For all translated questions, the reliability analysis key results (Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Omega) were both>0.95, which is an excellent reliability value. The BACE-3 items were shown to be positively related to one another, implying excellent validity. Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that all stigma-related items were loaded under the same factor.

Conclusions: The BACE-3 has been validated in French, and its psychometric qualities have been thoroughly evaluated and found to be excellent.

Objectives: Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience repetitive failures in their school and social life and often receive negative feedback from their environment, endangering the development of their self-esteem. Self-esteem is a forecasting factor for social, psychological, professional and familial well-being. Poor self-esteem is a risk factor for the development of depression, anxiety disorder, and personality disorder. The aim of this article is to evaluate the child's self-esteem at the initial time of ADHD diagnosis, describe self-esteem evolution after diagnosis and identify clinical and therapeutic factors associated with improved self-esteem.

Methods: In a longitudinal descriptive study, 6-12-year-old patients with ADHD underwent a multidisciplinary evaluation including a diagnostic interview (Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present/Lifetime version: K-SADS), a symptoms severity assessment with parent questionnaires (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale: ADHD-RS), a neurocognitive testing of attention and IQ, and a self-esteem interview (Self-Esteem Inventory of Coopersmith: SEI). The follow-up assessment included a K-SADS-PL, ADHD-RS and SEI assessments and recorded treatment history. We compared the score of self-esteem between these two assessments.

Results: Among the 108 screened patients, we obtained complete data from 55 patients at the second assessment. At first evaluation, two-thirds of children with ADHD had low self-esteem scores. At the second evaluation, our results indicate a significant improvement of global, personal, and social self-esteem score (SEI) and symptoms severity score (K-SADS-PL and ADHD-RS).

Conclusions: Self-esteem improved in patients with ADHD after specific treatments.

Objective: To explore the opinions of French psychiatrists toward the legalization of medical or recreational use of cannabis in France.

Methods: Psycan was an anonymous Internet survey conducted between September 28, 2021 and March 29, 2022, among subscribers of the Encéphale Online community, i.e., approximately 4000 French psychiatrists. Participants were asked to complete a structured questionnaire, collecting their socio-demographic features, clinical experience, opinions toward cannabis legalization, and perceived impact of cannabis derivatives for psychiatric disorders. Logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with being for or against cannabis legalization.

Results: In total, 413 psychiatrists answered the survey, of whom 253 (61.3%) declared being in favour of recreational cannabis, and 349 (84.4%) of medical cannabis. Being in favour of legalization of recreational cannabis was negatively associated with being female (odd ratio [OR]=0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.41-0.93), and with the frequency of meeting patients with cannabis use disorder (OR=0.60; 95%CI=0.43-0.83). Most respondents were concerned about the development of psychotic disorders. The most frequent pro-legalization arguments were improved prevention, better control of product content, and better protection of youth, respectively. Arguments against legalization were increased societal damages, increased impact on health, including mental health.

Conclusions: A majority of French psychiatrists were in favour of the marketing of medical cannabis, and, to a lesser extent, the legalization of recreational cannabis. For recreational cannabis, the proportion of pro-legalization psychiatrists was slightly more elevated than that found in the French general population.

Objectives: The COVID-Related Thoughts and Behavioral Symptoms (Cov-Tabs) is a self-reported questionnaire developed to identify the presence of psychological distress and anxiety-related behavior associated with COVID-19. This scale has been used since the first episodes of mass contamination of COVID-19 disease in the USA without psychometric validation analysis. The objective of this paper is to validate the French version of the Cov-TaBS.

Method: In this study, we assessed a French translation of Cov-Tabs in 300 subjects from the general population. Moreover, we assessed convergent and discriminant validities using an anxiety and depression scale and a paranoid ideation scale. Statistical analyses consisted of evaluating internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity as well.

Results: The French translation of the Cov-Tabs demonstrated high internal consistency and reliability, as well as good temporal stability over a period of less than 2 weeks. It also showed strong convergent validity with anxiety and depression traits and divergent validity with paranoid ideation.

Conclusion: Our study indicates that the French version of the Cov-Tabs has robust psychometric properties and is a valid tool for evaluating behavioral symptomatology and thoughts related to COVID-19 disease. Therefore, the French version of the Cov-Tabs is a valid tool that can be used in French-speaking individuals.

Introduction: The smartphones generalisation allows the development of attractive "real-life" monitoring tools for care and research enabling the measurement of addictive behaviours and comorbidities such as sleep disorders. The study objective was to assess the interest of a mobile app collecting such information among adolescents with addictive behaviours in order to enhance the availability of behavioural data in consultation.

Methods: An open label randomised pilot study was held along two parallel arms. The patients randomised to the intervention group (n=18) used a mobile app to provide daily data for 15 days relating to their sleep and their behaviour (addictive behaviours with or without substances). The patients in the control group (n=18) used a paper diary allowing the collection of the same data, only the medium differed.

Results: The patients' median age was 16 years [15.0-16.5]. A median of 67% and 10% of the expected information was completed respectively in the intervention and control groups during the 15 days of follow-up and could be used in consultation (P=0.08). The patient's knowledge, attitudes, intentions to change, behaviour change and seeking help related to the use of the diaries appeared higher in the intervention group (20.5/30) than in the control group (11/20).

Conclusion: This study described the high patient compliance with the data collection by means of the app. The diary app seems to have been more impactful for patients than the paper diary. This app could represent an important tool to improve the therapeutic alliance and care due to a better knowledge of the behaviours on the part of the clinician but also a better awareness of the patients themselves.