Child Abuse & Neglect最新文献_第8页

Childhood maltreatment and suicidal behaviors among heterosexual and sexual minority youth in China 中国异性恋和性少数群体青少年的童年虐待和自杀行为。

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107867

Chenxi Zhang, Nan Zhang, Zixuan Xu, Jie Hu, Meiqi Guan, Lengyi Zhang, Yuqin Dai, Wenhua An, Ziyan Yin, Yanmei Zhang, Yizhen Yu

Background

Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a recognized risk factor for suicide. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning (LGBQ) individuals tend to report CM and suicide more frequently compared to heterosexual individuals. However, limited research explored the association between CM and suicidal behaviors among LGBQ adolescents.

Objective

To explore the association between CM and suicidal behaviors among heterosexual and LGBQ adolescents in China.

Participants and setting

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 9927 adolescents aged 15–19 years from five provinces in China, using a multi-stage cluster sampling method.

Methods

Demographic data, CM, and suicidal behaviors were collected through a self-reported questionnaire. The associations were examined via a set of logistic regression analyses.

Results

Among the participants, 27.0 % experienced CM, and 21.6 % reported suicidal behaviors in the past year. Among heterosexual adolescents, all five subtypes of CM were associated with suicidal behaviors, and the risk level increased with cumulative types of CM (CCM). In LGBQ individuals, emotional abuse (OR = 2.48, 95 % CI: 1.12–5.51) and emotional neglect (OR = 2.36, 95 % CI: 1.27–4.38) were associated with higher odds of suicidal behaviors. A potential “sensitive window effect” was observed in LGBQ individuals, with the suicide risk level peaking at exposure to two CCM (OR = 4.16, 95 % CI: 2.13–8.16), followed by a plateau with further exposure. PAF analysis indicated a higher CM-related suicide risk in LGBQ individuals, with emotional neglect accounting for 18.2 % of suicide attempts, compared to 12.6 % in heterosexuals.

Conclusions

In this cross-sectional study, CM was significantly associated with suicidal behaviors, with the strength of the associations differing by sexual orientation. The cumulative impact of maltreatment also exhibited different patterns between sexual orientation groups. These findings suggest that incorporating sexual orientation into suicide risk assessment may enhance support for adolescents with histories of maltreatment.

背景：儿童虐待（CM）是公认的自杀风险因素。与异性恋者相比，女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和质疑者（LGBQ）倾向于报告CM和自杀的频率更高。然而，在LGBQ青少年中，关于CM与自杀行为之间关系的研究有限。目的：探讨中国异性恋和LGBQ青少年CM与自杀行为的关系。对象与环境：采用多阶段整群抽样方法，对中国5个省份9927名15-19岁的青少年进行了横断面调查。方法：通过自述问卷收集人口统计资料、CM和自杀行为。通过一组逻辑回归分析来检验这些关联。结果：在参与者中，27.0%的人在过去一年中经历过CM， 21.6%的人报告过自杀行为。在异性恋青少年中，所有5种CM亚型均与自杀行为相关，且风险水平随CM累积类型（CCM）而增加。在LGBQ个体中，情感虐待（OR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.12-5.51）和情感忽视（OR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.27-4.38）与较高的自杀行为发生率相关。在LGBQ个体中观察到潜在的“敏感窗口效应”，自杀风险水平在暴露于两个CCM时达到峰值（OR = 4.16, 95% CI: 2.13-8.16），随后在进一步暴露时达到平稳期。PAF分析表明，LGBQ个体与cm相关的自杀风险更高，其中情感忽视占自杀企图的18.2%，而异性恋者为12.6%。结论：在本横断面研究中，CM与自杀行为显著相关，且这种关联的强度因性取向而异。虐待的累积影响在不同的性取向群体中也表现出不同的模式。这些发现表明，将性取向纳入自杀风险评估可能会增强对有虐待史的青少年的支持。

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引用次数: 0

Clinical forensic examinations and prosecution in Danish child physical abuse cases 丹麦儿童身体虐待案件的临床法医检查和起诉。

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107864

Liselott Slot , Lykke Thorlacius-Ussing , Daniella Justesen , Anne Birgitte Dyhre Bugge , Niels Lynnerup , Jytte Banner , Carl Johan Wingren

Background

Despite the central role of forensic medical examinations in child physical abuse cases, evidence on how their findings impact prosecution is scarce.

Objective

We studied the association between the dependent variable, filing of formal charges, and independent variables related to the child, suspect, and case characteristics, the acts of violence, and forensic findings, such as cutaneous lesions.

Participants and setting

We included 221 children aged between four and 14 years who were reported as victims of suspected physical abuse to the Copenhagen Police between April 1, 2020 and December 31, 2022. All the children participated in a video-recorded interview and underwent a clinical forensic medical examination.

Methods

Data were extracted from police reports, court documents, and forensic reports. Logistic regression models were applied.

Results

Formal charges were filed in 56 cases (25 %). Children's disclosures of violence exposure were associated with the filing of formal charges, irrespective of forensic findings (abuse-related findings: OR = 5.4, 95 % CI [1.7, 16.6]; accidental/unspecific findings: OR = 3.9, 95 % CI [1.4, 10.9]). In cases where violence was undisclosed but abuse-related lesions were found, a borderline association was observed (OR = 3.2, 95 % CI [0.9, 11.8]).

Conclusion

The child's disclosure of violence seems of importance for filing formal charges, and the forensic medical examination may be important in the absence of such disclosure, but this needs confirmation in larger studies. Knowledge of factors that influence prosecution decisions may contribute to secure systematic assessment of every child physical abuse case.

背景：尽管法医检查在儿童身体虐待案件中发挥核心作用，但关于法医检查结果如何影响起诉的证据很少。目的：我们研究了因变量、正式指控的提交，以及与儿童、嫌疑人和案件特征、暴力行为和法医发现（如皮肤病变）相关的自变量之间的关联。参与者和环境：我们纳入了221名年龄在4至14岁之间的儿童，他们在2020年4月1日至2022年12月31日期间向哥本哈根警方报告为疑似身体虐待的受害者。所有儿童都参加了录象采访，并接受了临床法医检查。方法：数据摘自警方报告、法庭文件和法医报告。采用Logistic回归模型。结果：正式起诉56例（25%）。儿童对暴力暴露的披露与正式指控的提交有关，而不考虑法医调查结果（与虐待有关的调查结果：OR = 5.4, 95% CI[1.7, 16.6]；意外/非特异性调查结果：OR = 3.9, 95% CI[1.4, 10.9]）。在未披露暴力行为但发现虐待相关病变的病例中，观察到一种边缘关联（OR = 3.2, 95% CI[0.9, 11.8]）。结论：儿童对暴力行为的披露似乎对提出正式指控很重要，在没有这种披露的情况下，法医检查可能很重要，但这需要在更大规模的研究中得到证实。了解影响起诉决定的因素可能有助于对每一起儿童身体虐待案件进行安全系统的评估。

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引用次数: 0

Intergenerational patterns of child protection system involvement in an Australian population cohort 澳大利亚人口队列中儿童保护系统参与的代际模式

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107844

Melissa J. Green , Emma McKenzie , Oliver Watkeys , Melissa Mei Yin Cheung , Kimberlie Dean , Kirstie O'Hare , Ken Zulumovski , Merran Butler , Vaughan J. Carr , Stacy Tzoumakis

Background

There is substantial diversity in patterns of intergenerational maltreatment within families.

Objective

To characterise familial patterns of child protection contacts across generations among a representative population sample of Australian children.

Participants and setting

Participants were 75,784 Australian children (followed from birth to age ~18 years) and their parents from the New South Wales Child Development Study.

Methods

Child protection (CP) data (child: 2001–2021; parents: 1971–2021) were used to categorise family members into four subpopulations according to intergenerational patterns of contact with the CP system. Sociodemographic factors and CP system contacts were examined for all family members within intergenerational CP groups, using binary logistic regression.

Results

Most families (67.8%) had no contact with child protection across generations. Approximately 31% of children were known to CP services, relative to 5% of mothers and 1.7% fathers in the cohort. The majority of children known to CP services (85%) had no parental history of maltreatment (‘cycle initiator’ families). Almost 79% of children whose parents had historical CP records were also known to CP services (‘cycle maintainers’; representing 15% of all children known to CP services) and 21% were unknown to child protection services (classed as ‘cycle breakers’; representing 4% of all children known to CP services). Parents classified as ‘cycle maintainers’ had more serious, frequent, and earlier involvement with the CP system, and higher levels of disadvantage, compared to other groups.

Conclusions

Socioeconomic drivers of intergenerational CP system involvement deserve attention from policy makers.

家庭内部代际虐待的模式存在很大差异。目的分析澳大利亚儿童代表性人群样本中跨代儿童保护接触的家族模式。参与者和背景参与者是来自新南威尔士州儿童发展研究的75,784名澳大利亚儿童（从出生到18岁）及其父母。方法利用子女保护（CP）数据（儿童：2001-2021年；父母：1971-2021年），根据与CP系统接触的代际模式将家庭成员分为4个亚群。采用二元逻辑回归对代际CP组中所有家庭成员的社会人口学因素和CP系统联系进行了检查。结果绝大多数家庭（67.8%）跨代无儿童保护接触。大约31%的儿童接受过CP服务，而在该队列中，只有5%的母亲和1.7%的父亲接受过CP服务。大多数接受过CP服务的儿童（85%）没有父母虐待史（“周期发起者”家庭）。在父母有CP历史记录的儿童中，近79%的儿童也接受过CP服务（“循环维持者”，占所有接受过CP服务的儿童的15%），21%的儿童不知道接受过儿童保护服务（归类为“循环打破者”，占所有接受过CP服务的儿童的4%）。与其他组相比，被归类为“循环维护者”的父母更严重、更频繁、更早地参与到CP系统中，并且处于更高的劣势。结论代际CP系统参与的社会经济驱动因素值得政策制定者关注。

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引用次数: 0

Adolescent online child sexual abuse material offending in Turkey: Psychosocial and forensic profiles from NCMEC reports and child protection implications 土耳其青少年在线儿童性虐待材料犯罪：来自NCMEC报告的社会心理和法医档案及其对儿童保护的影响

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107851

Neşe Kavruk Erdim , Gamze Baş

Background

Adolescent involvement in online child sexual abuse material (CSAM) poses a growing child-protection challenge worldwide. Reports from the U.S. National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC) often trigger investigations, yet psychosocial profiles in non-Western contexts remain underexamined.

Objective

To describe psychosocial, clinical, and offense-related characteristics of adolescents referred after NCMEC reports in Turkey and to explore associations with offense patterns.

Participants and setting

A retrospective cohort of 35 adolescents (97.1 % male; mean age = 14.2 years) evaluated by the national forensic psychiatry board between January 2021 and August 2025.

Methods

Forensic reports were coded for demographics, family background, psychosocial context, offense type/platform, and motivations. Descriptive statistics summarized profiles, and group differences were tested.

Results

Most adolescents lived with both parents (85.7 %), had no psychiatric history (80.0 %), and reported no substance use (74.3 %). CSAM involvement was predominantly distribution/sharing (97.1 %), while production was rare (2.9 %). Platforms included Instagram (14.3 %), Discord (8.6 %), Facebook (8.6 %), and WhatsApp (5.7 %), though in many cases platform was unknown (62.9 %). Motivations included unawareness of illegality (25.7 %), peer influence (20.0 %), and sexual or digital curiosity (14.3 % each). A small subgroup (11.4 %) demonstrated co-occurring descriptive characteristics across the social, clinical, and online-behavior domains. Motivation did not predict distribution/production, and platform use did not differ significantly by age. Among the materials detected, 94.3 % depicted prepubescent children, and no cases involved self-generated or peer-produced imagery.

Conclusions

Adolescent CSAM offending in this context appears shaped more by developmental immaturity, peer dynamics, and digital environments than by entrenched psychopathology. Prevention may support legal awareness education, interventions targeting peer norms, and digital literacy within child-protection and school systems.

青少年参与在线儿童性虐待材料（CSAM）在全球范围内对儿童保护提出了日益严峻的挑战。来自美国国家失踪和受虐儿童中心（NCMEC）的报告经常引发调查，但非西方背景下的社会心理状况仍未得到充分研究。目的描述土耳其NCMEC报告后转诊的青少年的社会心理、临床和犯罪相关特征，并探讨其与犯罪模式的关系。在2021年1月至2025年8月期间，由国家法医精神病学委员会评估的35名青少年（97.1%为男性，平均年龄= 14.2岁）的回顾性队列。方法根据人口统计学、家庭背景、社会心理环境、犯罪类型/平台和动机对法医报告进行编码。描述性统计总结了概况，并检验了组间差异。结果大多数青少年与父母共同生活（85.7%），无精神病史（80.0%），无药物使用（74.3%）。CSAM的参与主要是分配/分享（97.1%），而生产很少（2.9%）。平台包括Instagram（14.3%）、Discord（8.6%）、Facebook（8.6%）和WhatsApp(5.7%)，尽管在许多情况下，平台是未知的（62.9%）。动机包括不知道违法性（25.7%）、同伴影响（20.0%）以及对性或数字的好奇（各占14.3%）。一小部分人（11.4%）表现出在社交、临床和在线行为领域同时发生的描述性特征。动机不能预测发行/生产，平台使用也不会因年龄而有显著差异。在检测到的材料中，94.3%描绘了青春期前的儿童，没有案例涉及自我生成或同伴生成的图像。结论：在这种情况下，青少年CSAM犯罪似乎更多地受到发育不成熟、同伴动态和数字环境的影响，而不是根深蒂固的精神病理。预防可以支持法律意识教育、针对同伴规范的干预措施以及儿童保护和学校系统内的数字扫盲。

{"title":"Adolescent online child sexual abuse material offending in Turkey: Psychosocial and forensic profiles from NCMEC reports and child protection implications","authors":"Neşe Kavruk Erdim , Gamze Baş","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107851","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107851","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adolescent involvement in online child sexual abuse material (CSAM) poses a growing child-protection challenge worldwide. Reports from the U.S. National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC) often trigger investigations, yet psychosocial profiles in non-Western contexts remain underexamined.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe psychosocial, clinical, and offense-related characteristics of adolescents referred after NCMEC reports in Turkey and to explore associations with offense patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>A retrospective cohort of 35 adolescents (97.1 % male; mean age = 14.2 years) evaluated by the national forensic psychiatry board between January 2021 and August 2025.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forensic reports were coded for demographics, family background, psychosocial context, offense type/platform, and motivations. Descriptive statistics summarized profiles, and group differences were tested.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most adolescents lived with both parents (85.7 %), had no psychiatric history (80.0 %), and reported no substance use (74.3 %). CSAM involvement was predominantly distribution/sharing (97.1 %), while production was rare (2.9 %). Platforms included Instagram (14.3 %), Discord (8.6 %), Facebook (8.6 %), and WhatsApp (5.7 %), though in many cases platform was unknown (62.9 %). Motivations included unawareness of illegality (25.7 %), peer influence (20.0 %), and sexual or digital curiosity (14.3 % each). A small subgroup (11.4 %) demonstrated co-occurring descriptive characteristics across the social, clinical, and online-behavior domains. Motivation did not predict distribution/production, and platform use did not differ significantly by age. Among the materials detected, 94.3 % depicted prepubescent children, and no cases involved self-generated or peer-produced imagery.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Adolescent CSAM offending in this context appears shaped more by developmental immaturity, peer dynamics, and digital environments than by entrenched psychopathology. Prevention may support legal awareness education, interventions targeting peer norms, and digital literacy within child-protection and school systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 107851"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and Validation of Risk Assessment Models for Anxiety and Depression in Chinese Children with Childhood Household Dysfunction 中国儿童家庭功能障碍焦虑抑郁风险评估模型的建立与验证。

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107842

Ping Mao , Jing Xia , Jia Yang , Xinyi Hou , Ya Zou , Jingjing Liu , Lixia Cai , Xiaoliang Tong , Wei He

Background

Children exposed to childhood household dysfunction (CHD) are at high risk for anxiety and depression. However, few tools are available for early identification. This study developed two risk assessment models for anxiety and depression in children with CHD to enable early detection and intervention.

Methods

A cross-sectional study recruited 1276 children with CHD from Changsha, Hunan, who were randomly divided into training and validation sets (7:3). Bidirectional stepwise multivariate logistic regressions were used to develop models based on socio-demographic, individual, family, and societal levels. Model performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (ACC).

Results

Among the participants, 736 (57.8 %) had depression risk, and 892 (70.0 %) had anxiety risk. The Anxiety Risk Model included seven variables: gender, grade, rumination, adolescent life events, number of childhood trauma experiences, positive coping style, and sleep quality. It demonstrated strong performance with an AUC of 0.875 (95 % CI: 0.852–0.897) in the training set and 0.864 (95 % CI: 0.826–0.902) in the validation set, with a sensitivity of 74.3 %, specificity of 79.6 %, and an accuracy of 75.1 %. The Depression Risk Model included five variables: grade, rumination, adolescent life events, positive coping style, and sleep quality, with an AUC of 0.895 (95 % CI: 0.874–0.916) in the training set and 0.869 (95 % CI: 0.829–0.908) in the validation set, with sensitivity of 75.1 %, specificity of 80.9 %, and accuracy of 76.8 %.

Conclusion

The two risk assessment models offer valuable insights into the early identification of children at risk of depression and anxiety within similar urban adolescent populations. These findings necessitate further validation using longitudinal designs within larger and more diverse populations to confirm the models' generalizability and robustness before recommendations for wider clinical application can be made.

背景：暴露于儿童家庭功能障碍（CHD）的儿童是焦虑和抑郁的高危人群。然而，很少有工具可用于早期识别。本研究建立了两种冠心病儿童焦虑和抑郁风险评估模型，以便早期发现和干预。方法：采用横断面研究方法，从湖南长沙市招募1276例冠心病患儿，随机分为训练组和验证组（7:3）。采用双向逐步多元逻辑回归建立基于社会人口统计学、个人、家庭和社会层面的模型。采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线、曲线下面积（AUC）、敏感性、特异性和准确性（ACC）评估模型的性能。结果：736人（57.8%）存在抑郁风险，892人（70.0%）存在焦虑风险。焦虑风险模型包括七个变量：性别、年级、反思、青春期生活事件、童年创伤经历次数、积极应对方式和睡眠质量。该方法在训练集的AUC为0.875 (95% CI: 0.852-0.897)，在验证集的AUC为0.864 (95% CI: 0.826-0.902)，灵敏度为74.3%，特异性为79.6%，准确率为75.1%。抑郁风险模型包括年级、反刍、青少年生活事件、积极应对方式、睡眠质量5个变量，训练集的AUC为0.895 (95% CI: 0.874-0.916)，验证集的AUC为0.869 (95% CI: 0.829-0.908)，灵敏度为75.1%，特异性为80.9%，准确率为76.8%。结论：这两种风险评估模型为在相似的城市青少年人群中早期识别有抑郁和焦虑风险的儿童提供了有价值的见解。这些发现需要在更大、更多样化的人群中使用纵向设计进一步验证，以确认模型的通用性和稳健性，然后才能提出更广泛的临床应用建议。

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引用次数: 0

Beyond additive risk: Intersectional inequalities in sexual violence by sex, race and ethnicity, and sexual orientation 除了附加风险之外：性别、种族和民族以及性取向导致的性暴力的交叉不平等。

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107843

Nasir Z. Bashir , James Lane

Background

Sexual violence during youth has serious consequences for short- and long-term health and wellbeing. It is not well understood how risk of sexual violence varies across intersecting social identities.

Objective

This study aims to investigate disparities in sexual violence experienced amongst adolescents, at the intersections of sex, race and ethnicity, and sexual orientation.

Participants and setting

Data were extracted from the 2023 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, a biennial school-based cross-sectional study conducted across the United States.

Methods

A multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) was carried out, defining 40 intersectional strata by sex, race and ethnicity, and sexual orientation. Three outcomes were evaluated: (i) ever having forced sexual intercourse, (ii) any sexual violence in the past year, (iii) dating sexual violence in the past year.

Results

There was substantial between-stratum heterogeneity in predicted probabilities of forced intercourse and sexual violence. The highest risk strata overwhelmingly comprised non-heterosexual individuals and females, whilst the lowest risk strata comprised heterosexual individuals and males. Fixed effects of sex, race and ethnicity, and sexual orientation explained 82.4 % to 86.8 % of the between-stratum variance, but residual variance remained. The median odds ratio (MOR) indicated that risk of ever having had forced intercourse could double depending on intersectional identity (MOR: 2.04; 95 % CI: 1.73 to 2.54).

Conclusions

Findings support the hypothesis that risk is concentrated in multiply marginalized groups. Intersectional multilevel modelling revealed stark inequalities in adolescent sexual violence risk that are not fully explained by additive effects.

背景：青年时期的性暴力对短期和长期的健康和福祉都有严重后果。人们还不太清楚性暴力的风险在不同的社会身份中是如何变化的。目的：本研究旨在调查不同性别、种族和民族以及性取向的青少年在性暴力方面的差异。参与者和环境：数据来自2023年全国青少年风险行为调查，这是一项在美国进行的两年一次的以学校为基础的横断面研究。方法：采用MAIHDA（个体异质性和歧视性准确性）进行多水平分析，按性别、种族和民族、性取向划分40个交叉阶层。评估了三个结果：(i)曾经被迫性交，（ii）过去一年中任何性暴力，（iii）过去一年中约会中的性暴力。结果：强迫性交和性暴力的预测概率在不同阶层之间存在明显的异质性。风险最高的人群绝大多数是非异性恋者和女性，而风险最低的人群包括异性恋者和男性。性别、种族和民族以及性取向的固定效应解释了82.4%至86.8%的阶层间差异，但残余差异仍然存在。中位优势比（MOR）表明，曾经强迫性交的风险可能会因交叉身份而增加一倍（MOR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.73至2.54）。结论：研究结果支持风险集中在多个边缘群体的假设。交叉多层模型揭示了青少年性暴力风险的明显不平等，这并不能完全用累加效应来解释。

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引用次数: 0

Aims & Scope 目标及范围

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/S0145-2134(25)00605-2

引用次数: 0

Why context matters for teacher perpetrated violent discipline: A multi-level study on attitudes, norms, teacher relationship, and stress 为什么环境对教师实施暴力纪律很重要：一项关于态度、规范、教师关系和压力的多层次研究。

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107837

Anette Kirika , Florian Scharpf , Faustine Bwire Masath , Joseph Ssenyonga , Amoah Kwaku Karikari , Tobias Hecker

Background

Worldwide many children experience violent discipline by teachers in schools. To prevent it effectively, key determinants need to be examined systematically.

Objective

This study investigates structural (meetings and activities), interpersonal (norms on violent discipline, quality of relationships among teachers) and individual factors (attitudes towards violent discipline, perceived stress) and their relation to teacher violent discipline.

Participants

In a multi-informant approach, 117 head teachers, 1490 teachers, and 3495 students from 72 school clusters in Ghana, Tanzania and Uganda were included.

Methods

Using multilevel analysis, we examined the relations between structural, interpersonal and individual factors and violent discipline (reported by teachers and students) on both individual and school level. Fixed effects with random intercepts were examined.

Results

On the teacher level, favorable attitudes (f² = 0.11), norms (f² = 0.07) supporting violent discipline, and higher work-related stress (f² = 0.04), were positively associated with teacher violent discipline. At the school level, favorable school norms (f² = 0.84), lower quality of teacher relationships (f² = 0.12), and higher stress levels (f² = 0.07) were linked to more teacher violent discipline. In the student-reported data, head teachers' favorable attitudes towards violent discipline were related with more teacher violent discipline. Better quality of teacher relationships and school-wide activities were associated with less violent discipline.

Conclusions

In the school context, both individual- (attitudes, perceived norms and stress) and school-level factors (school norms) contribute to children's risk of violent discipline. Preventative interventions should address both individual and contextual determinants of violent discipline within the immediate social environment of children.

背景：在世界范围内，许多儿童在学校受到教师的暴力惩戒。为了有效地预防它，需要系统地审查关键决定因素。目的：本研究探讨结构因素（会议和活动）、人际因素（暴力纪律规范、教师关系质量）和个体因素（暴力纪律态度、感知压力）及其与教师暴力纪律的关系。参与者：采用多信息方法，来自加纳、坦桑尼亚和乌干达72个学校群的117名校长、1490名教师和3495名学生被纳入研究。方法：采用多层次分析方法，从个人和学校两个层面考察了结构因素、人际因素和个人因素与暴力纪律（教师和学生报告）之间的关系。对随机截距的固定效应进行了检验。结果：在教师水平上，支持暴力纪律的良好态度（f2 = 0.11）、规范（f2 = 0.07）和较高的工作压力（f2 = 0.04）与教师暴力纪律呈正相关。在学校层面，良好的学校规范（f2 = 0.84）、较低的教师关系质量（f2 = 0.12）和较高的压力水平（f2 = 0.07）与更多的教师暴力纪律有关。在学生报告的数据中，班主任对暴力纪律的赞成态度与教师暴力纪律的增加有关。更好的教师关系质量和全校范围内的活动与较少的暴力纪律有关。结论：在学校环境中，个人因素（态度、感知规范和压力）和学校层面因素（学校规范）都对儿童的暴力纪律风险有影响。预防性干预措施应在儿童的直接社会环境中处理暴力惩戒的个人和背景决定因素。

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引用次数: 0

Family-level social determinants of child and adolescent maltreatment 儿童和青少年虐待的家庭层面社会决定因素。

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107836

Julia Kobulsky , June-Yung Kim , Brittany Schuler , Jen Rock , Miguel Villodas

Background

Research highlights the roles of material, psychosocial, biologic and behavioral risk factors, as well as access to healthcare in the etiology of child maltreatment (CM). However, research has yet to comprehensively examine these interrelated social risks in relation to child and adolescent CM, making optimal CM prevention strategies unclear.

Objective

Applying the World Health Organization intermediary social determinants of health (I-SDH) framework, this study operationalized a holistic, multidimensional framework of family-level risk and protective factors, and examined their prospective relationship to CM in childhood and adolescence.

Participants & setting

Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Studies for Child Abuse and Neglect (N = 1354).

Method

CM types during middle childhood (7–12 years) and adolescence (13–16 years) were measured by Child Protective Services (CPS) report and youth self-report. CM during middle childhood and adolescence were regressed on the multidomain domains of family-level I-SDH during early (0–6 years) and middle childhood, respectively.

Results

All domains of I-SDH were related to CM in unadjusted analyses. Following false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment, poverty and homelessness/eviction were related to CPS-reported physical and supervisory neglect in middle childhood. Child externalizing problems and household substance use were related to CPS-reported CM in middle childhood and adolescence. I-SDH were unrelated to self-reported CM following FDR adjustment.

Conclusions

Findings support the need for multifaceted I-SDH-focused interventions and policies to prevent CPS involvement. The lack of robust findings for self-reported CM, however, calls into question whether such strategies would substantially reduce CM more broadly and suggests biases in CPS report. Future research should distinguish CM measures and their antecedents to effectively guide CM prevention.

背景：研究强调了物质、社会心理、生物和行为风险因素，以及获得医疗保健在儿童虐待（CM）病因中的作用。然而，研究尚未全面检查与儿童和青少年CM相关的这些相互关联的社会风险，使最佳的CM预防策略不明确。目的：应用世界卫生组织健康的中间社会决定因素（I-SDH）框架，构建家庭层面的风险和保护因素的整体、多维框架，并探讨其与儿童和青少年CM的潜在关系。参与者和环境：数据来自儿童虐待和忽视纵向研究（N = 1354）。方法：采用儿童保护服务（CPS）报告和青少年自我报告对儿童中期（7 ~ 12岁）和青少年期（13 ~ 16岁）的CM类型进行测量。儿童中期和青少年期的CM分别回归到儿童早期（0-6岁）和儿童中期家庭水平I-SDH的多域域。结果：在未经调整的分析中，I-SDH的所有结构域都与CM相关。在错误发现率（FDR）调整后，贫困和无家可归/驱逐与儿童期中期cps报告的身体和监督疏忽有关。儿童外化问题和家庭物质使用与儿童期中期和青春期cps报告的CM有关。FDR调整后I-SDH与自我报告CM无关。结论：研究结果支持需要采取多方面的以i - sdh为重点的干预措施和政策，以防止CPS参与。然而，对于自我报告的CM缺乏强有力的发现，这就提出了这样的策略是否会在更广泛的范围内实质性地减少CM的问题，并表明了CPS报告中的偏见。今后的研究应区分CM措施及其前因，以有效指导CM的预防。

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引用次数: 0

Association of childhood maltreatment with hypertension outcomes in adulthood: A systematic review and meta-analysis 儿童期虐待与成年期高血压结局的关联：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107840

Li Niu , Sen Liu , Rena Chen , Yuqing Wang , Jinxin Zhang , Siyi Lin , Yan Li , José A. Pagán , Andrew E. Moran , Angela Diaz

Background

Childhood maltreatment has been associated with chronic stress, systemic inflammation, immune deregulation, and behavioral risk factors, all of which may increase long-term risk for high blood pressure. Prior to this study, no meta-analysis has systematically quantified the relationship between childhood maltreatment and high blood pressure in adulthood.

Objective

To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adulthood hypertension risk, and to examine potential moderators including maltreatment subtypes, geographic region, and study characteristics.

Participants and setting

Thirty-three observational studies involving a total of 811,029 participants from community-based, nonclinical populations across diverse global settings.

Methods

Systematic searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO (up to December 2024), supplemented by manual reference searches. Eligible studies reported quantitative associations between childhood maltreatment (experienced before age 18) and adulthood hypertension outcomes (diagnosis, systolic blood pressure [SBP], or diastolic blood pressure [DBP]). Data extraction and quality assessment followed PRISMA guidelines. Random-effects meta-analyses estimated pooled associations, and subgroup/meta-regression analyses tested moderators.

Results

Childhood maltreatment was associated with significantly higher odds of adulthood hypertension (OR = 1.19, 95 % CI: 1.08–1.31) and elevated DBP (Cohen's d = 0.04, 95 % CI: 0.01–0.07), but not SBP. Associations were strongest for physical abuse and for studies conducted in upper-middle-income countries compared to high-income countries.

Conclusions

Childhood maltreatment is a modest but significant risk factor for hypertension in adulthood. Findings underscore the long-term cardiovascular consequences of early adversity and highlight the importance of early prevention and targeted intervention for individuals with maltreatment histories.

背景：儿童虐待与慢性应激、全身性炎症、免疫失调和行为危险因素有关，所有这些都可能增加患高血压的长期风险。在此研究之前，没有荟萃分析系统地量化童年虐待与成年高血压之间的关系。目的：对儿童虐待与成年高血压风险之间的关系进行系统回顾和荟萃分析，并探讨包括虐待亚型、地理区域和研究特征在内的潜在调节因素。参与者和环境：33项观察性研究共涉及811029名参与者，来自全球不同地区的社区非临床人群。方法：系统检索MEDLINE、Embase和PsycINFO（截止到2024年12月），并辅以人工检索文献。符合条件的研究报告了儿童期虐待（18岁前经历）与成年期高血压结局（诊断、收缩压[SBP]或舒张压[DBP]）之间的定量关联。数据提取和质量评估遵循PRISMA指南。随机效应荟萃分析估计合并关联，亚组/荟萃回归分析测试调节因子。结果：儿童期虐待与成年期高血压（OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.08-1.31）和舒张压升高（Cohen’s d = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01-0.07）相关，但与收缩压无关。与高收入国家相比，身体虐待和在中高收入国家进行的研究的关联最强。结论：儿童期虐待是成年期高血压的一个适度但重要的危险因素。研究结果强调了早期逆境对心血管的长期影响，并强调了对有虐待史的个体进行早期预防和有针对性干预的重要性。

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引用次数: 0