Aggression and Violent Behavior最新文献_第2页

Looking back: The impact of childhood adversity on institutional misconduct among a cohort of serious and violent institutionalized delinquents 回顾：童年逆境对一群严重暴力的制度化罪犯的机构不当行为的影响

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2025.102121

Jessica M. Craig, Haley Zettler, Chad R. Trulson

This study investigates whether traditional and expanded measures of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) predict chronic and violent institutional misconduct among a cohort of 4613 serious and violent state-institutionalized juvenile offenders. While prior research demonstrates that childhood adversity increases the risk of delinquency, its role in predicting the highest-rate institutional misconduct has been less explored, especially among deeply entrenched youth in juvenile correctional facilities. The study employs logistic regression models to test whether both the standard 10-item ACEs score and an expanded measure—which incorporates experiences such as witnessing violence, extreme poverty, homelessness, and child welfare involvement—are significant predictors of membership in the top 10 % and top 1 % of institutional misconduct perpetrators, after controlling for demographic and justice-related factors. Results indicate that neither the traditional nor the expanded ACEs measure significantly predicted high-rate or violent misconduct, net of other controls. Instead, variables such as age at incarceration, gang affiliation, and a history of mental health problems were more salient predictors of chronic and violent behavior. These findings suggest that, while childhood adversity remains an important context for understanding juvenile system involvement, targeted interventions and screening may need to place greater emphasis on personal characteristics and situational factors within correctional settings. The study's results hold important implications for correctional assessment, intervention design, and trauma-informed programming, indicating a need to look beyond ACEs alone when developing effective strategies for managing and rehabilitating high-risk youth populations.

本研究调查了4613名严重暴力的州立机构少年犯中，传统和扩展的不良童年经历（ace）测量方法是否能预测长期的暴力机构不当行为。虽然先前的研究表明，童年的逆境会增加犯罪的风险，但它在预测最高比率的机构不当行为方面的作用却很少被探索，特别是在青少年惩教设施中根深蒂固的青少年中。在控制了人口统计和司法相关因素后，该研究采用逻辑回归模型来测试标准的10项ace得分和一个扩展的测量方法（包括目睹暴力、极端贫困、无家可归和儿童福利参与等经历）是否能显著预测机构不当行为肇事者的前10%和前1%。结果表明，无论是传统的还是扩展的ace测量都不能显著预测高发生率或暴力不当行为，以及其他控制。相反，监禁年龄、帮派关系和精神健康问题史等变量是慢性暴力行为的更显著预测因素。这些发现表明，虽然童年逆境仍然是理解少年系统参与的重要背景，但有针对性的干预和筛查可能需要更加强调惩教环境中的个人特征和情境因素。该研究结果对矫正评估、干预设计和创伤信息规划具有重要意义，表明在制定管理和康复高危青少年群体的有效策略时，需要超越ace。

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引用次数: 0

Ecological factors and adolescent bullying involvement: A systematic review 生态因素与青少年恃强凌弱参与：一项系统回顾

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2025.102123

Ann H. Farrell , Kayla Lewis , Mollie J. Eriksson , Tracy Vaillancourt

The ecological framework is commonly used to investigate factors that contribute to adolescent bullying. However, much of this research has focused on individual characteristics and immediate social settings rather than distal environments, structures, and norms. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of empirical quantitative studies on adolescent bullying involvement that applied the ecological framework to examine the factors measured in these studies (i.e., individual, social, environmental) and the ecological systems reflected by these factors (i.e., microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, chronosystem). Five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ERIC) were searched from January 2012 to December 2024 and 72 studies met our inclusion criteria (registered on PROSPERO: [CRD42023444096]). There were three times as many cross-sectional studies (n = 54) as longitudinal studies (n = 18). Individual and social factors in the microsystem such as demographics, personality, psychological characteristics, family, school, and peer factors were the most prevalent. The next most prevalent factors reflected the macrosystem, such as regional indicators of economic factors and gender equity. Environmental factors in the meso-, exo-, and chrono-systems were the least prevalent. Bullying perpetration and victimization were most frequently examined followed by defending and bystanding. Findings highlight the need for more research on the full range of ecological systems using longitudinal designs to understand how these systems influence one another and various roles in bullying involvement across adolescent development and to help inform effective bullying prevention efforts.

生态框架通常用于调查导致青少年欺凌的因素。然而，这些研究大多侧重于个体特征和直接社会环境，而不是远端环境、结构和规范。因此，我们对青少年欺凌参与的实证定量研究进行了系统回顾，运用生态学框架考察了这些研究中测量的因素（即个体、社会、环境）以及这些因素所反映的生态系统（即微系统、中系统、外系统、宏观系统、时间系统）。从2012年1月到2024年12月，我们检索了5个数据库（MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science， ERIC），有72项研究符合我们的纳入标准（注册在PROSPERO: [CRD42023444096]）。横断面研究（n = 54）是纵向研究（n = 18）的三倍。微观系统中的个体和社会因素如人口统计学、个性、心理特征、家庭、学校和同伴因素最为普遍。其次最普遍的因素反映了宏观系统，例如经济因素的区域指标和性别平等。中、外、时系统的环境因素最不普遍。最常被审查的是欺凌行为和受害行为，其次是辩护和袖手旁观。研究结果强调，需要利用纵向设计对全范围的生态系统进行更多的研究，以了解这些系统如何相互影响，以及在青少年发展过程中欺凌参与的各种角色，并帮助为有效的欺凌预防工作提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Child abuse prevalence and patterns in Arab countries: A systematic review 阿拉伯国家虐待儿童的流行程度和模式：系统回顾

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2025.102120

Intima Alrimawi , Eman Alshawish , Duha Shellah , Nabeel Al-Yateem

Child abuse and neglect (CAN) are major global public health challenges with profound implications for children's well-being and societal cohesion. In the Arab League region, the lack of comprehensive evidence on the prevalence and patterns of abuse hinders the development of effective interventions and preventative measures, jeopardizing children's safety and health. This systematic review examined the prevalence and patterns of CAN across the 22 member countries, focusing on demographic factors (e.g., by age and gender), types of abuse (e.g., physical, psychological, and sexual), and the involved perpetrators (e.g., parents, teachers, and strangers). Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and IRIS databases were searched for peer-reviewed studies published in English between 2010 and 2020. Twenty-two studies met the inclusion and quality criteria, as assessed by two independent reviewers using Hawker's assessment tool. Findings indicated a predominance of studies focusing on school-aged children and teenagers, with limited research to explore this issue among younger children. Physical, psychological, and sexual abuse emerge as the most commonly studied and reported forms, perpetrated by strangers, parents, and teachers. The literature rarely discussed reporting mechanisms and referral procedures, indicating the absence of mandatory reporting policies and structured practices in the region, which could potentially impact the identification of child abuse cases. These findings highlight critical gaps in the literature and underscore the urgent need for collaborative efforts among policymakers and healthcare providers.

虐待和忽视儿童是重大的全球公共卫生挑战，对儿童福祉和社会凝聚力产生深远影响。在阿拉伯联盟区域，由于缺乏关于虐待的普遍程度和模式的全面证据，妨碍了制定有效的干预措施和预防措施，危及儿童的安全和健康。本系统综述研究了CAN在22个成员国中的流行程度和模式，重点关注人口因素（如年龄和性别）、虐待类型（如身体、心理和性）以及涉及的肇事者（如父母、老师和陌生人）。按照PRISMA的指导方针，检索了PubMed、ScienceDirect和IRIS数据库，检索了2010年至2020年间发表的英文同行评议研究。22项研究符合纳入标准和质量标准，由两名独立审稿人使用霍克评估工具进行评估。研究结果表明，研究主要集中在学龄儿童和青少年身上，而在更年幼的儿童中探索这一问题的研究有限。身体、心理和性虐待是最常见的研究和报道形式，由陌生人、父母和老师实施。文献很少讨论报告机制和转诊程序，这表明该地区缺乏强制性报告政策和结构化做法，这可能会影响对虐待儿童案件的识别。这些发现突出了文献中的关键空白，并强调了决策者和医疗保健提供者之间合作努力的迫切需要。

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引用次数: 0

What we know about child maltreatment perpetrators: A scoping review of research focus and gaps 我们对虐待儿童肇事者的了解：对研究重点和差距的范围审查

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2025.102122

J.J. van Gurp (Jip) , M.V. van Koppen (Vere) , L.J. (Linda) Schoonmade , M.J. Vonk (Machteld) , J.M. Harte (Joke)

This scoping review synthesized the existing research on perpetrators of child maltreatment, with a focus on methodological approaches and the types of risk factors studied. In total 248 studies published between 2007 and 2023 were systematically analyzed. The findings revealed a mismatch between research focus and societal prevalence: child sexual abuse and fatal child maltreatment were disproportionally represented in the literature, despite being among the less common forms of child maltreatment. In contrast, child physical abuse and child neglect, together accounting for the majority of cases in society, were comparatively underexamined. The review also identifies a methodological bias towards individual-level risk factors, such as family history and psychopathology, while broader contextual factors, including socio-economic conditions and cultural norms, were insufficiently explored. These patterns may stem from the greater availability of data from sources such as police and court files. To develop more effective prevention strategies, future research should broaden its scope to include more prevalent forms of child maltreatment and examine structural and environmental influences. This requires diversifying data sources and adopting methodologies that better capture the complexity of parenting environments and the societal conditions under which child maltreatment occurs.

这一范围审查综合了现有的关于虐待儿童肇事者的研究，重点是方法方法和所研究的风险因素类型。系统分析了2007年至2023年间发表的248项研究。研究结果揭示了研究重点与社会普遍程度之间的不匹配：儿童性虐待和致命的儿童虐待在文献中被不成比例地代表，尽管它们是不太常见的儿童虐待形式。相比之下，儿童身体虐待和儿童忽视占社会案件的大多数，却相对较少得到审查。该审查还确定了对个人层面风险因素（如家族史和精神病理学）的方法偏差，而对更广泛的背景因素（包括社会经济条件和文化规范）的探索不足。这些模式可能源于来自警方和法院档案等来源的数据的更大可用性。为了制定更有效的预防战略，今后的研究应扩大其范围，包括更普遍的虐待儿童形式，并审查结构和环境影响。这就需要使数据来源多样化，并采用能够更好地反映养育环境的复杂性和发生虐待儿童的社会条件的方法。

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引用次数: 0

The longitudinal properties of the HCR-20: A systematic review HCR-20的纵向特性：系统回顾

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2025.102111

D. Campbell , M. Cohen , G. Macpherson , S. O'Rourke

A key objective in forensic mental healthcare is to manage risk of interpersonal violence. The use of structured professional judgement (SPJ) tools is intended to guide assessment of risk, and appraisal of treatment response. As such, measurement of violence risk is important in determining when patients are ready to progress to less restrictive environments. One of the most widely-used instruments for assessing risk of violence is the Historic-Clinical-Risk Management Scale – 20 (HCR-20). While the HCR-20 is commonly employed as a repeated measure, it remains unclear whether its scores are sensitive to changes in risk over time. This systematic review identified twelve studies investigating the measure's longitudinal properties, and examined whether the evidence suggests that it is sensitive to change. The included studies were all of reasonable quality, but with varying designs and timeframes. Findings suggest that the Clinical, Risk Management, and total scores of the HCR-20 typically decrease over time and concur with other SPJ measures. However, recorded decreases in scores tend to be very small, raising the question of their clinical significance. There was little evidence to suggest that a decrease in HCR-20 scores over time is associated with a decrease in the likelihood of subsequent violent recidivism. The results were highly heterogeneous, and factors contributing to this variation are discussed.

法医精神保健的一个关键目标是管理人际暴力的风险。结构化专业判断（SPJ）工具的使用旨在指导风险评估和治疗反应评估。因此，衡量暴力风险对于确定患者何时准备好进入限制较少的环境非常重要。使用最广泛的暴力风险评估工具之一是历史-临床-风险管理量表-20 （HCR-20）。虽然HCR-20通常被用作重复测量，但其分数是否对风险随时间的变化敏感仍不清楚。本系统综述确定了12项研究，调查了测量的纵向特性，并检查了证据是否表明它对变化敏感。纳入的研究均质量合理，但设计和时间框架各不相同。研究结果表明，临床、风险管理和HCR-20总分通常会随着时间的推移而下降，并与其他SPJ指标一致。然而，记录的分数下降往往非常小，提出了他们的临床意义的问题。几乎没有证据表明，随着时间的推移，HCR-20分数的降低与随后暴力再犯的可能性降低有关。结果是高度异质性的，并讨论了导致这种差异的因素。

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引用次数: 0

So you want to design an anti-bullying program? Recommendations for evaluating the potential of discrete ingredients and improving program cost-effectiveness 所以你想设计一个反欺凌项目？评估离散成分的潜力和提高项目成本效益的建议

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2025.102110

Chloé Tolmatcheff , René Veenstra

The field of anti-bullying research has experienced substantial growth over the past three decades, marked by the development of numerous programs aimed at preventing bullying in schools. However, the effectiveness of these interventions has varied widely, resulting in only modest reductions in bullying. The complexity of multi-ingredient programs, coupled with challenges in evaluation and implementation, has contributed to mixed and inconclusive results. Traditionally, researchers develop multi-ingredient anti-bullying programs and then evaluate their effectiveness through intervention studies. A novel approach is proposed, suggesting that the evaluation of discrete ingredients should precede program development to create the most cost effective programs. This paper outlines methodological recommendations aimed at addressing four major shortcomings in intervention studies that impede our understanding of both bullying and the essential ingredients of effective programs: (1) the lack of testing of mechanisms of change, (2) the evaluation of multi-ingredient programs as whole packages, (3) the failure to link outcomes to implementation, and (4) the failure to account for differential effects on different student profiles. By addressing these four major limitations, researchers can comprehensively assess the potential of discrete ingredients and, ultimately, develop or improve multi-ingredient programs with an optimal cost-effectiveness ratio.

在过去的三十年里，反欺凌研究领域经历了实质性的增长，其标志是许多旨在防止校园欺凌的项目的发展。然而，这些干预措施的有效性差异很大，导致欺凌行为的减少幅度不大。多成分项目的复杂性，再加上评估和实施方面的挑战，导致了混合和不确定的结果。传统上，研究人员制定多成分反欺凌计划，然后通过干预研究评估其有效性。提出了一种新的方法，建议在程序开发之前对离散成分进行评估，以创建最具成本效益的程序。本文概述了方法建议，旨在解决干预研究中的四个主要缺点，这些缺点阻碍了我们对欺凌和有效计划的基本要素的理解：(1)缺乏对变化机制的测试，(2)将多要素计划作为一个整体进行评估，(3)未能将结果与实施联系起来，(4)未能解释不同学生概况的差异影响。通过解决这四个主要限制，研究人员可以全面评估分立成分的潜力，并最终开发或改进具有最佳成本效益比的多成分方案。

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引用次数: 0

Protective factors against extremism and violent radicalization in youth: A multilevel meta-analysis 青少年极端主义和暴力激进化的保护因素：一个多层次的元分析

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2025.102101

Hanne M. Duindam , Amanda W.G. van Loon , Friedrich Lösel

Global concerns about radicalization highlight the need to identify factors protecting youth, which can help in more effective risk assessment and prevention. Most previous research focused on risk factors, but as radicalization is not a linear developmental process, protective factors are highly important. This meta-analysis summarized the overall impact of protective factors against extremism and violent radicalization in youth. In total, 41 studies were included, reporting on 49 independent samples (N = 55.563), yielding 194 effect sizes. Potentially protective factors were classified into 12 domains based on similarity. Results of multilevel meta-analyses demonstrated that six domains had a protective impact, including: school achievement (r = −0.21), female gender (r = −0.16), (pro)social behavior (r = −0.14), positive parental involvement (r = −0.13), procedural justice (r = −0.11), and positive intergroup contact (r = −0.10). Moderator analyses revealed differential effects, such that school achievement factors were more protective for right-wing and religious ideologies compared to left-wing ideologies or that positive life outlook factors were more protective in samples with more girls. The identified protective factors are useful for policies to promote positive development in youth to prevent adverse outcomes. More longitudinal research is needed to study direct or buffering protective effects.

Pre-registration.

全球对激进化的关切突出表明，有必要确定保护青年的因素，这有助于更有效地评估和预防风险。以往的研究大多集中在危险因素上，但由于激进化不是一个线性的发展过程，保护因素非常重要。本荟萃分析总结了保护因素对青少年极端主义和暴力激进化的总体影响。共纳入41项研究，报告49个独立样本（N = 55.563），产生194个效应量。根据相似性将潜在保护因子划分为12个域。多水平荟萃分析结果表明，6个领域具有保护性影响，包括：学业成绩（r = - 0.21）、女性性别（r = - 0.16）、（亲）社会行为（r = - 0.14）、积极的父母参与（r = - 0.13）、程序公正（r = - 0.11）和积极的群体间接触（r = - 0.10）。调节分析揭示了差异效应，例如，与左翼意识形态相比，学校成绩因素对右翼和宗教意识形态的保护作用更大，而积极的人生观因素在女孩较多的样本中更具保护作用。所确定的保护因素对促进青年积极发展以防止不良后果的政策是有用的。需要更多的纵向研究来研究直接或缓冲的保护作用。

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引用次数: 0

Countering bullying and cyberbullying using technology-based solutions: a systematic review 利用基于技术的解决方案打击欺凌和网络欺凌：系统回顾

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2025.102102

Elena Serritella , Andrea Guazzini , Ersilia Menesini

Countering bullying and cyberbullying among peers has assumed high relevance in past decades, leading to the implementation of numerous prevention and intervention projects. Traditionally, these interventions have been implemented in face-to-face group classroom contexts, and just recently some projects have exploited Virtual Environments (VE) and Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as preventive environments and intervention tools for bullying and cyberbullying. Searching on three databases (PsychInfo, Scopus and Web of Science), the present study aims to systematically review the scientific literature on technology-based interventions against bullying and cyberbullying among adolescents. A total of 65 articles were included in the review following the PRISMA methodology. The study's results highlighted the existing technology-based interventions against both traditional and online bullying, their characteristics, and their effectiveness (if assessed). Overall, literature has developed fully technology-enabled and mixed interventions (both online and face-to-face components), with a greater prevalence, especially in recent years, of highly interactive tools such as Serious Games, Virtual Reality and Artificial Intelligence. Moreover, based on the effectiveness results highlighted by this review, the technological tools seem to be an excellent ally in the fight against peer violence.

在过去的几十年里，打击欺凌和同龄人之间的网络欺凌具有很高的相关性，导致实施了许多预防和干预项目。传统上，这些干预措施是在面对面的小组课堂环境中实施的，就在最近，一些项目利用虚拟环境和信息通信技术作为欺凌和网络欺凌的预防环境和干预工具。本研究通过对PsychInfo、Scopus和Web of Science三个数据库的检索，系统回顾了基于技术干预青少年欺凌和网络欺凌的科学文献。按照PRISMA方法进行的审查共纳入了65篇文章。研究结果强调了针对传统欺凌和网络欺凌的现有基于技术的干预措施、它们的特点和有效性（如果评估的话）。总体而言，文献已经开发了完全技术支持和混合干预（在线和面对面组件），特别是近年来，高度互动的工具（如严肃游戏，虚拟现实和人工智能）更加流行。此外，根据本综述所强调的有效性结果，技术工具似乎是打击同伴暴力的绝佳盟友。

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引用次数: 0

A correlational meta-analysis of inhibiting and promotive factors of racial/ethnic bullying among youth 青少年种族/民族欺凌抑制与促进因素的相关元分析

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2025.102104

Chunyan Yang , Jin Hyung Lim , Ella Rho

This meta-analysis synthesizes research on the inhibiting and promotive factors associated with racial/ethnic bullying among youth, employing correlational meta-analysis procedures. The primary objectives were to identify inhibiting and promotive factors linked to different roles in racial/ethnic bullying involvement (i.e., perpetrators, victims, reinforcers, and defenders), assess the relative strength of these factors, and explore how their influence varies across ecological levels, types of biases, school grade levels, and countries represented in the studies. From an initial pool of 132 studies conducted since January 2013, 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings reveal that the majority of research has focused more on the experiences of perpetrators and victims than on reinforcers and defenders in racial/ethnic bullying. The synthesis of effect sizes identified behavioral problems and moral disengagement as the most salient promotive factors for bullying perpetration, while teacher prejudice emerged as the most significant promotive factor for bullying victimization. Empathy was identified as the strongest inhibiting factor, whereas prejudice was found to be the strongest promotive factor for reinforcing behaviors in racial/ethnic bullying. Additionally, teacher support and positive perceptions towards outgroups were identified as the most significant promotive factors for defenders' involvement in racial/ethnic bullying. Moderation analyses indicated that the strength of inhibiting and promotive factors' influence on the four roles of racial/ethnic bullying varies depending on ecological levels, types of biases (i.e., race, immigrant status, ethnicity, and refugee status), school grade levels, and the countries where the studies were conducted. The implications of these findings for research, practice, and policy are discussed, particularly in the context of anti-bullying efforts aimed at addressing racial/ethnic bullying and broader bias-related issues.

本荟萃分析采用相关荟萃分析程序，综合研究了青少年种族/民族欺凌的抑制因素和促进因素。主要目标是确定与种族/民族欺凌参与中不同角色相关的抑制和促进因素（即肇事者、受害者、强化者和捍卫者），评估这些因素的相对强度，并探讨它们的影响如何在生态水平、偏见类型、学校年级水平和研究中所代表的国家之间变化。在2013年1月以来进行的132项初步研究中，有17项研究符合纳入标准。研究结果表明，大多数研究更多地关注种族/民族欺凌中的加害者和受害者的经历，而不是强化者和捍卫者。综合效应量发现，行为问题和道德脱离是欺凌行为最显著的促进因素，而教师偏见是欺凌行为受害最显著的促进因素。共情是种族/民族欺凌行为最强烈的抑制因素，而偏见是强化种族/民族欺凌行为最强烈的促进因素。此外，教师的支持和对外群体的积极看法被认为是捍卫者参与种族/民族欺凌的最重要的促进因素。适度分析表明，抑制和促进因素对种族/民族欺凌四种角色的影响强度取决于生态水平、偏见类型（即种族、移民身份、民族和难民身份）、学校年级水平和进行研究的国家。讨论了这些发现对研究、实践和政策的影响，特别是在旨在解决种族/民族欺凌和更广泛的偏见相关问题的反欺凌努力的背景下。

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引用次数: 0

Systematic exploration of the lives and minds of eighteenth-century English murderers: Causal narratives in the accounts of condemned prisoners published by the Ordinaries of Newgate between 1700 and 1750 对18世纪英国杀人犯的生活和思想的系统探索：1700年至1750年间由纽盖特普通监狱出版的死刑犯的因果叙述

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2025.102100

Rajan Nathan

Historical narratives describing the development of systematic approaches to understanding the psychology of aggression commonly begin in the latter part of the nineteenth century. However, this ignores an important function of the crime literature that was a prevalent part of the huge expansion in publicly available printed material in England in the eighteenth century. The objective of the present study was to examine all issues of a serial publication about criminals (the Ordinary's Account) in the first half of the eighteenth century to identify any notions of causation for homicidal violence. Eighty-three manuscripts written about prisoners convicted of murder between 1700 and 1750 were subject to thematic analysis to identify causal themes. Biographical areas that feature regularly in the narratives are parentage, education, work and marriage status. There is also frequent mention of financial difficulties and previous manifestations of criminality or sinfulness. With regard to processes more proximal to the violent act, as well as explanatory processes invoking the tempting Devil and depravity, this analysis found frequent reference to phenomena that could be considered to represent a perturbated state of mind adopted by the murderer. One of the most common examples of this theme was ‘passion’ (a term that has been seen to be similar to the current usage of ‘emotions’) which was often deemed to act in opposition to reason. This study demonstrates that there had been systematic approaches to understanding the lives and minds of violent offenders before the development of the formalised disciplines of psychology and criminology.

描述理解攻击心理学的系统方法发展的历史叙述通常始于19世纪后半叶。然而，这忽略了犯罪文学的一个重要功能，这是18世纪英国公共印刷材料大量扩张的一个普遍部分。本研究的目的是审查18世纪上半叶一份关于罪犯的系列出版物（The Ordinary’s Account）的所有问题，以确定杀人暴力的因果关系。研究人员对1700年至1750年间被判犯有谋杀罪的囚犯的83份手稿进行了专题分析，以确定因果关系。在叙事中，经常出现的传记领域是父母身份、教育、工作和婚姻状况。还经常提到经济困难和以前犯罪或罪恶的表现。关于更接近暴力行为的过程，以及援引诱人的魔鬼和堕落的解释过程，这一分析发现，经常提到的现象可以被认为是凶手所采用的一种精神错乱状态。这一主题最常见的例子之一是“激情”（passion）（一个被认为与当前“情感”的用法相似的术语），它通常被认为是与理性相反的行为。这项研究表明，在心理学和犯罪学的正式学科发展之前，已经有了系统的方法来理解暴力罪犯的生活和思想。

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引用次数: 0