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A critical comparison of aggressive intrusive thoughts in obsessive compulsive disorder and aggressive scripts in offender populations 强迫症患者攻击性侵入想法与罪犯攻击性脚本的重要比较
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.101920
Stephanie Fernandez , Michael Daffern , Richard Moulding , Maja Nedeljkovic

Thoughts about harming another person are a common phenomenon and can be understood through two different constructs: aggressive intrusive thoughts and aggressive scripts. Aggressive intrusive thoughts are commonly investigated in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, and aggressive scripts are reported by offender populations. The current review explores whether aggressive intrusive thoughts and aggressive scripts share similarities with regards to well established features from intrusive thought research, including frequency, intrusiveness, influence of maladaptive appraisals, associated emotional experiences, and thought control strategies. A targeted systematic review was deemed inappropriate due to the nature of the review and the lack of specific literature in the area. To inform this critical review, a literature search was conducted using relevant key words, and references from established research in the area were examined. Findings from this study identify that some features including frequency, distress, and thought control strategies are relevant to aggressive scripts.

Understanding the relationship these features have with aggressive scripts may prove beneficial for not only differentiating this construct from intrusive thoughts but for also informing risk assessment and intervention for those who experience them.

伤害他人的想法是一种普遍现象,可以通过两种不同的结构来理解:攻击性侵入想法和攻击性脚本。攻击性侵入想法通常是强迫症的研究对象,而攻击性脚本则是犯罪人群的报告。当前的综述探讨了攻击性侵入性想法和攻击性脚本在侵入性想法研究中已确立的特征(包括频率、侵入性、适应不良评价的影响、相关情绪体验和思维控制策略)方面是否有相似之处。由于综述的性质以及该领域具体文献的缺乏,有针对性的系统综述被认为是不合适的。为了给这一批判性综述提供信息,我们使用相关关键词进行了文献检索,并研究了该领域已有研究的参考文献。了解这些特征与攻击性脚本之间的关系不仅有助于区分攻击性脚本与侵入性想法,还有助于为风险评估和对攻击性脚本使用者的干预提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
Cognitive behavioural “third wave” therapies in the treatment of justice-involved individuals: A systematic review 认知行为 "第三波 "疗法在涉案人员治疗中的应用:系统回顾
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.101923
Olga Cunha, Bárbara Pereira, Marta Sousa, A. C. Rodrigues
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引用次数: 0
A narrative review of U.S. elder abuse perpetrator research and its implications for developing alternative perpetrator interventions for use by prosecutors 对美国虐待老人犯罪者研究及其对制定供检察官使用的替代犯罪者干预措施的影响的叙述性回顾
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.101921
Shelly L. Jackson , Candace Heisler , Karl Urban

After decades of advocacy, prosecution of elder abuse has increased, a trend that is likely to continue. However, the increased scrutiny of elder abuse has raised questions about the consequences of prosecution on victims, perpetrators, and society, calling for a careful analysis of when and how the criminal justice system intervenes in these cases. To understand the nature and characteristics of elder abuse perpetrators, the article briefly reviews three sources of administrative data on perpetrators, followed by a concise review of the perpetrator research, most of which does not draw from criminal justice samples. To explain how the criminal justice system responds to elder abuse perpetrators, the article describes the criminal justice system's philosophy, the careful balancing of multiple factors when exercising prosecutorial discretion and provides a compilation of criminal justice responses that may be available to prosecutors in elder abuse cases. Recommendations for improvements in administrative data and increases in the quantity and quality of perpetrator research are presented. Where prosecution may be warranted, this paper argues that prosecutors would benefit from having a range of pre- and post-charging perpetrator interventions available. Filling research gaps identified in this paper could form the foundation for developing targeted criminal justice responses that both address the underlying causes of perpetrator criminal behavior and consider victim's wishes and may ultimately increase the safety and well-being of older adults and the communities in which they live.

经过几十年的宣传,对虐待老人行为的起诉有所增加,这一趋势很可能会继续下去。然而,由于对虐待老人行为的审查力度加大,人们对起诉给受害者、施虐者和社会带来的后果产生了疑问,这就要求对刑事司法系统何时以及如何干预这些案件进行认真分析。为了了解虐待老人犯罪者的性质和特征,文章简要回顾了关于犯罪者的三种行政数据来源,随后对犯罪者研究进行了简明扼要的回顾,其中大部分研究并没有利用刑事司法样本。为了解释刑事司法系统如何应对虐待老人的犯罪者,文章介绍了刑事司法系统的理念、在行使检察自由裁量权时对多种因素的谨慎平衡,并提供了在虐待老人案件中检察官可采用的刑事司法应对措施汇编。文章提出了改进行政数据以及提高犯罪者研究数量和质量的建议。本文认为,在有必要起诉的情况下,检察官可从一系列起诉前和起诉后的犯罪人干预措施中获益。填补本文所确定的研究空白可为制定有针对性的刑事司法对策奠定基础,这些对策既要解决犯罪人犯罪行为的根本原因,又要考虑到受害人的意愿,最终可能会提高老年人及其生活社区的安全和福祉。
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引用次数: 0
Femicide during pregnancy and postpartum period by an intimate partner: An integrative review 亲密伴侣在孕期和产后杀害女性:综述
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.101919
PhD Marcela Quaresma Soares , PhD Cristiane Magalhães de Melo , PhD Paula Dias Bevilacqua

Femicide, the most extreme expression of gender-based violence, is perpetrated primarily by intimate partners, and it also victimizes women during pregnancy and the postpartum period. This study aimed to analyze the scientific literature on intimate partner femicide among pregnant and postpartum women to determine the magnitude of this event, its risk factors, and the main information sources consulted to produce this data. A systematic search of six databases (PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and PsycINFO) produced 885 articles published between 2000 and 2020. After careful analysis, ten articles that met the requirements of this study were selected. The results suggest that intimate partner femicide during pregnancy and the postpartum period was responsible for a significant number of homicides during that period. Firearm injuries are the most common cause of injury, affecting primarily Black, single, young women who utilize health services. Combinations of different information systems were used as a data source to identify femicides. The implementation of intersectoral prevention and protection policies is fundamental and contributes to breaking the invisibility and naturalization of violence committed by an intimate partner. It is also necessary to discuss the information qualification to classify this crime and the impact of violence on the maternal mortality rate.

杀害妇女是性别暴力的最极端表现形式,主要是由亲密伴侣实施的,它也使孕期和产后妇女成为受害者。本研究旨在分析有关亲密伴侣杀害孕妇和产后妇女的科学文献,以确定这一事件的严重程度、其风险因素,以及为获得这些数据而查阅的主要信息来源。通过对六个数据库(PubMed、拉丁美洲和加勒比健康科学文献、Web of Science、Embase、Scopus 和 PsycINFO)进行系统检索,共收集到 2000 年至 2020 年间发表的 885 篇文章。经过仔细分析,选出了十篇符合本研究要求的文章。研究结果表明,孕期和产后亲密伴侣杀戮女性是造成这一时期大量凶杀案的原因。火器伤害是最常见的伤害原因,主要影响使用医疗服务的黑人、单身、年轻女性。不同信息系统的组合被用作确定杀戮女性案件的数据来源。实施跨部门预防和保护政策至关重要,有助于打破亲密伴侣实施暴力的隐蔽性和自然化。此外,还有必要讨论对这一罪行进行分类的信息资格,以及暴力对孕产妇死亡率的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Violence towards formal and informal caregivers and its consequences in the home care setting: A systematic mixed studies review 家庭护理环境中针对正式和非正式护理人员的暴力行为及其后果:系统性混合研究综述
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2024.101918
B. Lucien , S. Zwakhalen , O. Morenon , S. Hahn

Violence towards formal and informal caregivers is a frequently occurring and complex international hazard in healthcare that has a negative impact on the physical and psychological health states of caregivers. However, little is known about the prevalence and type of violence towards formal and informal caregivers by care recipients in the home care settings. The aim of this review is to obtain insight into the prevalence of violence by home care recipients against formal and informal caregivers in home care settings and the types and consequences of violence. A systematic review was conducted between March and May 2023 using the PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases. A methodological quality appraisal was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Data collection was performed until May 2023. Out of 1087 screened articles, a total of 10 full texts were included after the screening process. Findings demonstrate that workplace violence is an understudied area of research. The few studies found in this review showed high prevalence rates of violence with risk for physical and mental injuries for formal caregivers. No information at all on violence against informal caregivers was available. Strategies for prevention and intervention against violence in the home care setting must be developed. To develop strategies, it is important to have more insight in the prevalence and types of violence. It is also important to explore violence against informal caregivers in research.

Tweetable abstract

Violence towards formal caregivers in home care settings is a common risk that negatively impacts the health status of caregivers.

对正规和非正规护理人员的暴力行为是医疗保健领域经常发生的一种复杂的国际危害,对护理人员的身心健康造成了负面影响。然而,人们对家庭护理环境中受护者针对正式和非正式护理人员的暴力行为的发生率和类型知之甚少。本综述旨在深入了解居家护理环境中居家护理对象对正式和非正式护理人员实施暴力的普遍程度,以及暴力的类型和后果。2023 年 3 月至 5 月期间,我们使用 PubMed、EMBASE、CINAHL 和 PsycINFO 数据库进行了系统性综述。采用混合方法评估工具(MMAT)进行了方法学质量评估。数据收集工作一直持续到 2023 年 5 月。在经过筛选的 1087 篇文章中,共有 10 篇全文被收录。研究结果表明,工作场所暴力是一个研究不足的领域。综述中发现的少数研究表明,正规护理人员遭受暴力侵害的发生率很高,并有可能造成身体和精神伤害。关于针对非正规护理人员的暴力行为,目前尚无相关信息。必须针对家庭护理环境中的暴力行为制定预防和干预策略。要制定战略,就必须对暴力的发生率和类型有更深入的了解。在研究中探讨针对非正规护理人员的暴力行为也很重要。
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引用次数: 0
Family violence and food consumption: A systematic review 家庭暴力与食物消费:系统回顾
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101910
Lidiane da Cruz Morais , Tatiana Henriques Leite , Maria Helena Hasselmann , Emanuele Souza Marques

This study aimed to systematize the peer-reviewed studies published about the relationship between direct and indirect exposure to family violence in childhood and adolescence and food consumption at different stages of life. Seven databases were searched, without restrictions on language and year of publication. Publications in English, Spanish or Portuguese about the experience of family violence during childhood and adolescence and/or exposure to intimate partner violence and food consumption were eligible. The selection, data extraction and quality assessment were conducted by three reviewers. The search resulted in 4040 articles. At the end, seven articles were included in this review. They were published between 2009 and 2020, in the USA, England and Brazil. The exposure and outcome were measured differently in the studies, either by specific questions or by validated instruments. Seven studies evaluated direct family violence, and only one evaluated indirectly. The literature suggests that family violence appears to be associated with food consumption. However, the studies had considerable heterogeneity in the design, study population and measurement methods, which makes it difficult to understand this relationship.

本研究旨在系统整理经同行评审发表的有关童年和青少年时期直接或间接遭受家庭暴力与人生不同阶段的食物消费之间关系的研究。我们检索了七个数据库,对语言和出版年份没有限制。以英语、西班牙语或葡萄牙语发表的有关童年和青少年时期遭受家庭暴力和/或亲密伴侣暴力侵害与食物消费之间关系的文章均符合条件。筛选、数据提取和质量评估由三位审稿人完成。搜索结果为 4040 篇文章。最终,七篇文章被纳入本综述。这些文章发表于 2009 年至 2020 年之间,分别在美国、英国和巴西发表。这些研究通过特定问题或经验证的工具,以不同的方式测量了暴露和结果。七项研究对直接的家庭暴力进行了评估,只有一项研究对间接的家庭暴力进行了评估。文献表明,家庭暴力似乎与食物消费有关。然而,这些研究在设计、研究人群和测量方法上存在很大的异质性,因此很难理解这种关系。
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引用次数: 0
The relationship between cash-based interventions and violence: A systematic review and evidence map 基于现金的干预措施与暴力之间的关系:系统审查和证据图
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101909
Daiane Borges Machado , Noemia Teixeira de Siqueira Filha , Fanny Cortes , Luís F.S. Castro-de-Araujo , Flavia Jôse Oliveira Alves , Dandara Ramos , Erika Fialho Xavier , Fernando Zanghelini , William Rudgard , David K. Humphreys , Maurício L. Barreto

Violence of all types is a global public health problem. Cash-based incentives can potentially reduce violence outcomes by reducing economic hardership. We aim to deliver a comprehensive systematic review of the relationship between cash-based incentives with a variety of violence outcomes.

We searched studies assessing the relationship between cash-based incentives with violence outcomes at PubMed, EMBASE, Global Health and LILACS from the database's creation until July 12th, 2023. We evaluated the relationship of cash-based incentives on five types of violence outcome: intimate partner violence (IPV), child maltreatment, suicide, youth violence, and general violence. Cash-based incentives were grouped into Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT), Unconditional Cash Transfer (CCT), cash in combination with interventions other than cash(cash+), tax credits, cash for work and start-up grants. We classified the strength of evidence according to the study design and quality. An evidence map was developed to indicate gaps in the literature and impact (reduction, null and mixed). This systematic review is registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42020167049. The strength of evidence was mainly classified as moderate, or limited. The evidence map indicated research gaps on the effect of cash+ and cash for work on suicide and general violence, tax credit on general violence and start-up grants on child maltreatment, suicide, and general violence.

Despite the important number of mixed evidence, we found strong and very strong evidence that cash-based interventions reduced transactional and age-disparate sex among girls, suicide, IPV victimisation, physical, emotional and sexual IPV, and physical child maltreatment. Future studies should focus on the gaps found in this review.

各种类型的暴力是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。以现金为基础的激励措施有可能通过减少经济困难来减少暴力事件的发生。我们在 PubMed、EMBASE、Global Health 和 LILACS 等数据库中搜索了从数据库创建到 2023 年 7 月 12 日期间评估现金激励与暴力结果之间关系的研究。我们评估了现金激励措施与五类暴力结果的关系:亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)、虐待儿童、自杀、青少年暴力和一般暴力。基于现金的激励措施分为有条件现金转移(CCT)、无条件现金转移(CCT)、现金与现金以外的干预措施相结合(现金+)、税收减免、以工代赈和创业补助。我们根据研究设计和质量对证据的强度进行了分类。我们还绘制了一张证据图,以标明文献中的空白和影响(减少、无效和混合)。本系统综述已在 PROSPERO 注册,编号为 CRD42020167049。证据强度主要分为中等或有限。证据图显示,在现金+和以工代赈对自杀和一般暴力的影响、税收抵免对一般暴力的影响以及启动补助金对虐待儿童、自杀和一般暴力的影响方面存在研究空白。尽管存在大量混合证据,但我们发现了有力和非常有力的证据,表明基于现金的干预措施减少了女孩之间的性交易和年龄差异、自杀、IPV 伤害、身体、情感和性 IPV 以及对儿童的身体虐待。未来的研究应重点关注本综述中发现的不足之处。
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引用次数: 0
Global prevalence and factors associated with workplace violence against nursing students: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression 针对护理专业学生的工作场所暴力的全球发生率及相关因素:系统回顾、元分析和元回归
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101907
Farouq Bin Mohamed Mohamed , Ling Jie Cheng , Xiang Er Cherrie Chia , Hannele Turunen , Hong-Gu He

Workplace violence encompasses physical violence, verbal abuse, sexual harassment, bullying, and threatening behaviors. Reviews indicate that it is widely prevalent among healthcare professionals, but there is a lack of well-designed reviews specifically focusing on nursing students. This review aimed to synthesize the global prevalence and factors associated with workplace violence against nursing students, and prevalence estimates based on the different types of violence and perpetrators. A three-step search strategy included studies since inception from six electronic databases. Studies meeting eligibility criteria were included. Meta-analyses, subgroup, and meta-regression analyses were used to synthesize pooled prevalence rates. Thirty studies involving 10,955 nursing students were included. This review revealed that 55.1 % of nursing students have encountered workplace violence. Nursing undergraduates exhibited a significantly higher prevalence rate compared to a mixed group of undergraduates with diverse nursing or student profiles. Verbal abuse (53.3 %) and bullying (43.6 %) emerged as the most widespread forms of workplace violence, with nurses (24.2 %) and patients (22.8 %) being the most frequent perpetrators. This study suggests that academic and healthcare organizations develop stringent policies to combat workplace violence against nursing students. Future research may also focus on workplace violence risk factors and their long-term impacts on nursing students.

工作场所暴力包括身体暴力、辱骂、性骚扰、欺凌和威胁行为。综述表明,工作场所暴力在医疗保健专业人员中广泛存在,但缺乏专门针对护理专业学生的精心设计的综述。本综述旨在总结针对护理专业学生的工作场所暴力的全球发生率和相关因素,以及基于不同类型的暴力和施暴者的发生率估计值。采用三步检索策略从六个电子数据库中纳入了自成立以来的研究。符合资格标准的研究均被纳入。采用元分析、亚组分析和元回归分析来综合汇总流行率。共纳入 30 项研究,涉及 10,955 名护理专业学生。综述显示,55.1% 的护理专业学生曾遭遇过工作场所暴力。与具有不同护士或学生特征的本科生混合组相比,护理专业本科生的发生率明显更高。辱骂(53.3%)和欺凌(43.6%)是最普遍的工作场所暴力形式,护士(24.2%)和病人(22.8%)是最常见的施暴者。本研究建议学术和医疗机构制定严格的政策,打击针对护理专业学生的工作场所暴力。未来的研究还可以关注工作场所暴力的风险因素及其对护理专业学生的长期影响。
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引用次数: 0
Witnessing workplace bullying — A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual health and well-being outcomes 目睹工作场所欺凌--个人健康和幸福结果的系统回顾和荟萃分析
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101908
Morten Birkeland Nielsen , Ståle Valvatne Einarsen , Sana Parveen , Michael Rosander

Through a systematic review and meta-analysis of research on individual health and well-being outcomes this paper examines the consequences of witnessing, and thereby being a bystander to, workplace bullying. The review was limited to peer-reviewed primary observational studies with cross-sectional or prospective research design which included findings on outcomes among witnesses to bullying. The review identified 24 relevant studies from 13 countries. Eighty-eight percent of the studies were published from 2010 and onwards. Most studies used cross-sectional single source data from non-probability samples, mainly comprising female respondents from Western countries. Although cross-sectional findings indicated significant associations between witnessing bullying and outcomes such as mental health, job dissatisfaction, and turnover intent, the review show that we need to consider reverse causation, the witness's own exposure to bullying, their proximity and identification with the target, as well as their helping behavior, to understand the true magnitude of the association. Witnessing and being a bystander to bullying is a complex phenomenon and the magnitude of the outcomes relies on a range of third variables and indirect relationships. There is a need for more research to fully understand the consequences of witnessing bullying in the workplace.

本文通过对有关个人健康和幸福结果的研究进行系统回顾和荟萃分析,探讨了目睹工作场所欺凌行为并因此成为旁观者的后果。综述仅限于经同行评审、采用横断面或前瞻性研究设计的主要观察性研究,其中包括有关欺凌行为目击者后果的研究结果。审查确定了来自 13 个国家的 24 项相关研究。其中88%的研究发表于2010年及以后。大多数研究使用了来自非概率样本的横截面单一来源数据,主要包括来自西方国家的女性受访者。尽管横断面研究结果表明,目睹欺凌与心理健康、工作不满意度和离职意向等结果之间存在显著关联,但综述显示,我们需要考虑反向因果关系、目睹者自身遭受欺凌的情况、她们与欺凌对象的接近程度和认同感,以及她们的帮助行为,才能了解这种关联的真实程度。目睹和旁观欺凌是一种复杂的现象,其结果的大小取决于一系列第三变量和间接关系。需要进行更多的研究,以充分了解在工作场所目睹欺凌行为的后果。
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引用次数: 0
Constructs associated with youth crime and violence amongst 6-18 year olds: A systematic review of systematic reviews 与 6 至 18 岁青少年犯罪和暴力有关的结构:系统综述的系统综述
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101906
Roz Ullman , Suzet Tanya Lereya , Freya Glendinnin , Jessica Deighton , Angelika Labno , Shaun Liverpool , Julian Edbrooke-Childs

It is the duty of adults in the network around young people (e.g., parents/carers, educators, professionals) to meet their different needs. According to Child-First philosophy, if a young person becomes involved in youth crime and violence, this might be due to unmet needs that have escalated to the point of crisis. Research indicates a gamut of possible constructs indicating needs and strengths, and the aim of the present research was to identify constructs with evidence of association with youth crime and violence amongst 6-18 year olds. A systematic review of systematic reviews was conducted and, from 4819 identified hits, 30 systematic reviews were included. Constructs with more consistent evidence of protective association were rejection or absence of drug or alcohol use, positive family relationships and support, and education and employment opportunities. Constructs with more consistent evidence of being a need were low empathy, dating abuse (both perpetration and victimisation), and bullying perpetration. There is an urgent need for routine, ongoing, and co-produced assessment of children and young people's needs in order to achieve equity in positive outcomes for all children and young people.

青少年周围网络中的成年人(如父母/照看者、教育工作者、专业人员)有责任满足他们的不同需求。根据 "儿童第一 "的理念,如果青少年参与青少年犯罪和暴力活动,可能是由于他们的需求没有得到满足,已经升级到危机的地步。研究表明,各种可能的建构都表明了青少年的需求和优势,本研究的目的是找出有证据表明与 6-18 岁青少年犯罪和暴力有关的建构。本研究对系统综述进行了系统性审查,从 4819 个已确定的点击中筛选出 30 个系统综述。具有较一致的保护性关联证据的结构是拒绝或不使用毒品或酒精、积极的家庭关系和支持以及教育和就业机会。有更多一致证据表明需要保护的因素是低同理心、约会虐待(包括犯罪和受害)以及欺凌犯罪。迫切需要对儿童和青少年的需求进行常规的、持续的和共同制作的评估,以便为所有儿童和青少年实现公平的积极成果。
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引用次数: 0
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Aggression and Violent Behavior
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