Cambridge Review of International Affairs最新文献

{"title":"Bringing back the concept of colonial pacification in the study of preventing violent extremism (PVE) practices: the case of Tunisia","authors":"Guendalina Simoncini","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2023.2271999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2023.2271999","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThis article delves into the historical foundations of countering and preventing violent extremism (CVE-PVE) using contemporary Tunisia as a case study. While PVE emerged in the 2010s, representing a shift from stringent counterterrorism to a more holistic preventative strategy, it recalls colonial notions and practices. This work seeks to contextualize PVE, emphasizing continuities and changes across colonial, post-colonial, and neocolonial control and prevention practices. Using a genealogical and discursive methodology, the research examines contemporary policy documents, political discourse, colonial archives and transitional justice records. Central to this exploration is the French colonial notion of pacification, which refers to the action to restore order and prevent disorder in regions resisting colonial dominance. The study sheds light on the colonial origins of present-day preventative measures such as administrative control, referral, persuasion and peacebuilding. The article posits that the concept of pacification is pivotal to understanding modern PVE practices. A sincere thanks to Alice Martini and Amna Kaleem, along with fellow participants of the EWIS workshop ‘Constituting modern subjects by disciplining the extremes: international histories, global hierarchies, and intersectionality in PVE’ convened in Thessaloniki during the summer of 2022. Their insightful comments have been invaluable. Additionally, I wish to express my deep gratitude to the esteemed reviewers, whose constructive feedback significantly augmented the quality of this research paper. The author report there are no competing interests to declare.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 All translations from French and Arabic contained in the article are by the author.2 For a comprehensive discussion on the origins and characteristics of CVE/PVE, see: Romaniuk (Citation2015); Kundnani and Hayes (Citation2018); Martini, Ford, and Jackson (Citation2020); Stephens, Sieckelinck, and Boutellier (Citation2021), van de Weert and Eijkman (Citation2019).3 For an in-depth exploration of Gallula’s life and contributions, one is directed to the tome: Cohen (Citation2012).4 Since 25 July 2021, President Kais Saied, who won 2019 election, has begun a formal process of dismantling the democratic structure built after 2011. He dissolved the parliament and organised a referendum on a new constitution that critically expands the powers of President of the Republic at the expense of a façade parliament, and a weakened judicial power under his oversight. A new process of repression of dissent began with arrests of dissident politicians and journalists and censure on freedom of speech and press.5 The commission’s endeavours have been characterised by persistent controversies and disputes from their inception, illustrating the pronounced politicisation of transitional justice in Tunisia (Robins and Gready Citation2023). The TDC","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"46 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135271711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Before the West</i> book forum - Introduction, <i>the Francesco Guicciardini prize forum</i>","authors":"Joanne Yao","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2023.2274729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2023.2274729","url":null,"abstract":"Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsJoanne YaoJoanne Yao is a senior lecturer in international politics at Queen Mary, University of London. She previously worked at Durham University, and received her PhD from the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) in 2017. Her first book, The Ideal River (Manchester University Press, 2022) examines the construction of the ‘ideal river’ in the European geographical imagination and the establishment of the first international organizations. Email: joanne.yao@qmul.ac.uk","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"72 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135220884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smashing the Liquor Machine: A Global History of Prohibition, <i>the Francesco Guicciardini prize forum</i>","authors":"Sandra Halperin","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2023.2274737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2023.2274737","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"19 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136136176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to reviewers <i>, the Francesco Guicciardini Prize Forum</i>","authors":"Mark Lawrence Schrad","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2023.2274759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2023.2274759","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Everyone’s a critic”, <i>Joseph Fletcher Prize Forum</i>","authors":"Richard Johnson","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2023.2274760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2023.2274760","url":null,"abstract":"Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsRichard JohnsonRichard Johnson is Senior Lecturer in US Politics and Policy at Queen Mary, University of London. He is the author of The End of the Second Reconstruction: Obama, Trump, and the Crisis of Civil Rights (Polity, 2020) and US Foreign Policy: Domestic Roots and International Impact (Bristol, 2021). Email: richard.johnson@qmul.ac.uk","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"20 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136134894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To better understand ourselves, <i>the Francesco Guicciardini prize forum</i> ¹","authors":"Halvard Leira","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2023.2274733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2023.2274733","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136316790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘The rise and Fall of Eurasian world orders’, <i>the Francesco Guicciardini prize forum</i>","authors":"Victoria Tin-bor Hui","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2023.2274734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2023.2274734","url":null,"abstract":"Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationNotes on contributorsVictoria Tin-bor HuiVictoria Tin-bor Hui is Associate Professor in Political Science at the University of Notre Dame. She received her Ph.D. in Political Science from Columbia University and her B.SSc. in Journalism from the Chinese University of Hong Kong. Hui studies the centrality of violence in the formation and transformation of “China” in history along with repression and resistance in Hong Kong. Email: thui@nd.edu","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136311508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Face-to-face with a madman","authors":"Seanon S. Wong","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2023.2273383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2023.2273383","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractWhat is it like to negotiate with a ‘madman’? What are the behavioural traits typical of him? How might being ‘mad’ enable him to take advantage of his counterpart? Conversely, what harm can it do to him? How might such negotiation style impact international politics? I advance four arguments, derived primarily from insights in microsociology and from a close study of Hitler, Khrushchev, Saddam, Gaddafi and Milošević. First, face-to-face interactions are sui generis as a channel of communication because interlocutors are subject to the imperatives of time (to act and react swiftly), space (on the spot) and competence. Second, the ‘madman’ is ‘mad’ because he exploits these imperatives to dominate others. He manipulates and even disrupts the ‘rhythm’ of an interaction, through constant and unexpected swings in mood, pace and level of courteousness. Third, contrary to the image of him in popular perception, the ‘mad’ leader is for the most part rather composed and clear-headed, if not calculating, even when expressing anger. Finally, being ‘mad’ can backfire in the long run. Whether it is advisable to be ‘mad’ from a utilitarian perspective may depend on how long a leader expects his tenure to last. I thank Roseanne McManus, Zachary Jacobson and Rose McDermott for their comments on an earlier draft of this article at the 2021 Annual Meeting of the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations. I am grateful to the editors and the anonymous reviewers for their detailed feedback and constructive criticism. I am also much indebted to Aimee Wong for her superb research support.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.Notes1 I use masculine pronouns because most world leaders, past and present, have been male. More pertinently, leaders perceived as ‘mad’ have invariably been male. Diplomacy is heavily gendered, with men occupying not only most high offices, but also important diplomatic posts (Aggestam and Towns Citation2018; Towns and Niklasson 2017). In the fourth section of this article, in which I discuss how a reputation for madness may backfire, I hypothesise how that might especially be true for female leaders.2 The empirical focus of this article is on world leaders. But the claims made may equally apply to other high-level diplomats (the US Secretary of State, foreign ministers, special envoys, etc.) tasked with managing, formulating, and conducting their country’s foreign policy.3 The cases of Hitler, Khrushchev, Saddam, and Gaddafi are selected after McManus (2019, 989). According to her, these leaders most evoke the image of a ‘madman’ in popular perception because they evinced the associated traits discussed earlier. I add to them a fifth and relatively contemporary candidate, Milošević. The Serbian leader developed a comparable reputation. For instance, US President Bill Clinton once called him ‘another Hitler’, a ‘madman’ (The Guardian, “Refugees feeling NATO bombs, says Milosevic,” A","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"70 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136382210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"China’s search for the future to answer the past: Liu Cixin, (science-)fiction and Chinese developmentalism","authors":"Aleš Karmazin","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2023.2273010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2023.2273010","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThis paper analyses Remembrance of Earth’s Past, also known as The Three-Body Trilogy, by Liu Cixin and its connections to Chinese politics and Historical IR. I examine how the Trilogy as a contemporary pop-cultural artefact and a fictional narrative sustains, recrafts and critically deals with the historical, conceived here as constructions of history, historical trajectories and the key historic challenges. I respond to the call of this special issue to consider new dimensions of how storytelling and Historical IR can be disruptive. On the theoretical level, I distinguish the notions of external and internal disruptions (critiques) with the help of pragmatism and post-colonialism. On the empirical level, I argue that the Trilogy offers an internal critique of China’s long-term obsession with developmentalist modernisation by expressing ironies and uncertainties of it. It reveals limits (‘selvedges’) of development(alism) by showing that it is ultimately unachievable, unnecessary and uncontrollable. In other words, the internal disruption stems from exposing the final frontiers of the given tradition where its internal logic starts to crumble. Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis paper results from Metropolitan University Prague research project no. 100-4 ‘Center for Security Studies’ (2023) based on a grant from the Institutional Fund for the Long-term Strategic Development of Research Organizations.Notes on contributorsAleš KarmazinAleš Karmazin is an assistant professor at the Department of Asian Studies and the Center for Security Studies at the Metropolitan University Prague. He has been interested in analysing political order from different perspectives. He mainly focuses on China, India and global order. His works have been published by Politics, Journal of Chinese Political Science, Europe Asia Studies, Asia Europe Journal and others.","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"11 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136377085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Western engagement in peace processes and the rise of ‘hedging’ by elites in conflict-affected states","authors":"Monalisa Adhikari","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2023.2271996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2023.2271996","url":null,"abstract":"Analysing the peace processes of Nepal and Myanmar, this article argues that the changing landscape of peacebuilding support to conflict-affected states(CAS) marked by multiple international actors is increasing the bargaining leverage of elites in CAS to shape post-conflict institutions in their favour. It highlights that multiple and competing forms of international engagement allow elites in CAS not only to ‘co-opt’ international support as widely discussed in peace studies but also undertake multiple strategies categorised cumulatively as ‘hedging’- to harness distinct benefits from varied international actors, exploit the differences between multiple international institutional prescripts, and offset dependency on one by aligning with another. These strategies enhance the agency of elites to resist Western pressures to adapt liberal reforms and instead shape post-conflict institutional outcomes in their favour. Such resistance fosters ‘illiberal’ institutions where elites renege on critical pledges of the peace process on inclusion and security sector reform to protect their interests.","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135316349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}