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Chatbot or humanaut? How the source of advice impacts prosocial behavior 聊天机器人还是人类机器人?建议的来源如何影响亲社会行为
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2026.102509
J. Jobu Babin , Haritima S. Chauhan
This paper explores how the source of advice – human or generative AI (genAI) – relates to behavior in three classic bargaining games commonly used to assess prosociality and cooperative welfare gains. Utilizing a novel experiment, we show that the source of advice matters. While both sources of advice increased prosociality, players preferred human advice over that from genAI and were more willing to pay for it. Prosocial behavior was more prevalent when players received human advice — advice increased the probability of adopting the Pareto-optimal strategy by 14% in the stag hunt and boosted contributions of 19% to the public goods game and 8% in dictator. Leveraging language AI advances, we demonstrate that the advice corpora differ significantly. Humans were more objective, specific, intuitive, and norm-oriented; genAI offered guided reasoning and targeted concepts of risk and strategy. Entities adopting genAI technologies should balance AI agency with human oversight and judgment, mindful of behavioral salience and moral credibility.
本文探讨了建议的来源——人类或生成人工智能(genAI)——如何与三种经典讨价还价博弈中的行为相关,这些博弈通常用于评估亲社会性和合作福利收益。利用一个新颖的实验,我们证明了建议的来源很重要。虽然这两种建议都增加了亲社会性,但比起genAI,玩家更喜欢人类的建议,并且更愿意为此付费。当玩家得到人类的建议时,亲社会行为更为普遍——在猎鹿游戏中,建议使采用帕累托最优策略的概率提高了14%,在公共物品游戏中提高了19%,在独裁者游戏中提高了8%。利用语言人工智能的进步,我们证明了建议语料库的差异很大。人类更客观、具体、直觉和规范导向;genAI提供了指导推理和有针对性的风险和策略概念。采用基因人工智能技术的实体应该平衡人工智能代理与人类的监督和判断,注意行为的显著性和道德可信度。
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引用次数: 0
Misinformation belief, health behavior, and labor supply during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from tricycle drivers in the Philippines COVID-19大流行期间的错误信息信念、健康行为和劳动力供应:来自菲律宾三轮车司机的证据
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102508
Siho Park , Syngjoo Choi , Hyuncheol Bryant Kim , Yasuyuki Sawada , Takashi Yamano
This study aims to analyze the behavioral consequences of people’s beliefs in conspiracy theories and misinformation surrounding COVID-19 vaccines. We employ unique panel data to examine the relationship among belief in misinformation, vaccination behavior, and labor supply of tricycle drivers in the Philippines. We find that individuals with higher risk preference are more likely to hold misinformed beliefs. These beliefs, in turn, are associated with reductions in vaccination and other preventive health behaviors. We also find that beliefs in misinformation delay workplace recovery.
本研究旨在分析人们对COVID-19疫苗的阴谋论和错误信息的信仰的行为后果。我们采用独特的面板数据来检验菲律宾三轮车司机对错误信息的信念,疫苗接种行为和劳动力供应之间的关系。我们发现风险偏好较高的个体更有可能持有错误的信念。这些信念反过来又与疫苗接种和其他预防性健康行为的减少有关。我们还发现,对错误信息的信念会延迟工作场所的恢复。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “The malleability of competitive preferences” [Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Volume 104 (2023) 102015] “竞争偏好的可塑性”的勘误表[Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics vol . 104 (2023) 102015]
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102482
Åshild A. Johnsen , Henning Finseraas , Torbjørn Hanson , Andreas Kotsadam
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the privacy paradox: An experimental investigation of privacy-preserving behavioral responses in online shopping 探究隐私悖论:网络购物中隐私保护行为反应的实验研究
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102504
Penélope Hernández , Antonio J. Morales , Zvika Neeman , Jose M. Pavía
This paper utilizes (an observational approach within) a controlled laboratory experiment to investigate the nature of the privacy paradox. Participants are assigned a type exogenously and engage in online shopping to earn monetary rewards, while their shopping behavior is observed by an AI that aims to learn their type. Our findings indicate that participants willingly disclose significant amounts of private information, and persist in doing so even after receiving explicit information regarding the AI’s ability to learn about their type. However, we observe that the adoption of two mechanisms, namely “explainable AI” and a “privacy APP”, leads participants to adopt privacy-preserving shopping habits. Notably, this change in behavior occurs even in scenarios where the disclosure of private information has no impact on the monetary rewards. Our findings suggest that a plausible reason individuals share extensive personal information online stems from their lack of access to technologies enabling them to engage online while safeguarding their privacy.
本文利用(一种观察方法)一个受控的实验室实验来研究隐私悖论的本质。参与者被外部分配一种类型,并参与在线购物以获得金钱奖励,而他们的购物行为由旨在学习他们类型的人工智能观察。我们的研究结果表明,参与者愿意透露大量的私人信息,即使在收到关于人工智能了解他们类型的能力的明确信息后,他们也会坚持这样做。然而,我们观察到两种机制的采用,即“可解释的人工智能”和“隐私APP”,导致参与者采取保护隐私的购物习惯。值得注意的是,即使在私人信息披露对金钱奖励没有影响的情况下,这种行为变化也会发生。我们的研究结果表明,人们在网上分享大量个人信息的一个合理原因是,他们缺乏能够在保护隐私的同时参与在线活动的技术。
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引用次数: 0
Motivating self-employed women to contribute to social security in Bolivia 鼓励自雇妇女为玻利维亚的社会保障作出贡献
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102498
Lorena Heller , Rodrigo López , Ricardo Nogales
Over 30% of female workers are self-employed across Latin America, often without health insurance and pension benefits. To understand why and explore potential solutions, we conducted a laboratory experiment in Bolivia to assess the efficacy of interventions to influence the behavior of self-employed women. Participants were randomly assigned to one of six groups, receiving either a message on pension benefits, a message on health insurance advantages, or reduced enrollment non-monetary cost for savings or retirement plans. Our findings indicate that informative messages alone were effective in increasing voluntary contributions to experimental pension and health insurance schemes. Reductions in time, physical and cognitive fatigue required for enrollment did not lead to a significant increase of voluntary contributions. Moreover, we found that the effectiveness of these interventions varied depending on the type of worker, with high-effort workers being the most responsive.
在整个拉丁美洲,超过30%的女工是个体经营者,她们通常没有医疗保险和养老金福利。为了了解原因并探索可能的解决办法,我们在玻利维亚进行了一项实验室实验,以评估影响自营职业妇女行为的干预措施的效力。参与者被随机分配到六组中的一组,要么收到关于养老金福利的信息,要么收到关于健康保险优势的信息,要么收到减少储蓄或退休计划的非货币成本的信息。我们的研究结果表明,仅靠信息就能有效地增加实验性养恤金和健康保险计划的自愿缴款。报名所需的时间、体力和认知疲劳的减少并没有导致自愿捐款的显著增加。此外,我们发现这些干预措施的有效性取决于工人的类型,高努力的工人是最敏感的。
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引用次数: 0
Alcohol Prohibition and attitudes towards spousal violence against women 禁止饮酒和对配偶暴力侵害妇女行为的态度
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102507
Chandan Kumar Jha , Ghanshyam Sharma
We study the effects of a comprehensive, statewide alcohol ban on attitudes towards spousal violence in the Indian state of Bihar. Using a triple-difference framework, we document significant improvements in attitudes towards spousal violence involving scenarios reflecting an increase in women’s personal freedom, such as going out without telling the husband and arguing with the husband. We observe no change in attitudes involving a wife’s supposedly traditional responsibilities, such as looking after kids, cooking, and having sex with the husband. We argue and provide evidence that alcohol consumption exerts a significant income effect, souring spousal relations that causes men’s attitudes towards wife-beating to worsen. Our findings suggest that the alcohol ban benefited women of weaker sections (SC/ST communities) of society the most. We conclude that while such policies can empower women in certain walks of life, they are insufficient to alter long-rooted patriarchal beliefs.
我们研究了印度比哈尔邦全面的全州禁酒令对对待配偶暴力态度的影响。使用三重差异框架,我们记录了对配偶暴力态度的显著改善,涉及反映女性个人自由增加的情况,例如外出不告诉丈夫和与丈夫争吵。我们观察到,对于妻子应该承担的传统责任,如照顾孩子、做饭和与丈夫做爱,人们的态度没有变化。我们论证并提供证据表明,酒精消费具有显著的收入效应,使配偶关系恶化,导致男性对殴打妻子的态度恶化。我们的研究结果表明,禁酒令对社会弱势群体(SC/ST社区)的妇女最有利。我们的结论是,虽然这些政策可以在某些行业赋予妇女权力,但它们不足以改变长期根深蒂固的父权信仰。
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引用次数: 0
LLMs are not weird: Comparing AI and human financial decision-making 法学硕士并不奇怪:比较人工智能和人类的财务决策
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102505
Orhan Erdem, Ragavi Pobbathi Ashok
In this paper, we explore how large language models (LLMs) make financial decisions by systematically comparing their responses with those of human participants across the world. We presented a set of commonly used financial decision-making questions to several leading LLMs, GPT-4, GPT-4o, GPT-5, Gemini 2.0 Flash, and DeepSeek R1, each evaluated across multiple temperatures, yielding a total of 21 model-temperature combinations. We then compared their outputs to human responses drawn from a dataset covering 53 nations. Our analysis reveals three main results. First, in cross-national comparisons, the aggregate responses of LLMs cluster together, forming a distinct group separate from all nations, clearly not WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic), contrary to what has been suggested in previous studies conducted in other contexts. Second, LLMs generally exhibit a risk-neutral decision-making pattern, favoring choices aligned with expected value calculations in lottery-type questions. Third, when evaluating intertemporal trade-offs between present and future rewards, LLMs often generate internally consistent and economically rational responses. These findings contribute to the understanding of how LLMs emulate human-like decision behaviors and highlight potential cultural and training influences embedded within their outputs.
在本文中,我们通过系统地将大型语言模型(llm)的反应与世界各地的人类参与者的反应进行比较,探讨了大型语言模型(llm)如何做出金融决策。我们向几个领先的法学硕士(GPT-4、gpt - 40、GPT-5、Gemini 2.0 Flash和DeepSeek R1)提供了一组常用的财务决策问题,每个问题都在多个温度下进行评估,总共产生21个模型温度组合。然后,我们将它们的输出与来自53个国家的数据集中的人类反应进行了比较。我们的分析揭示了三个主要结果。首先,在跨国比较中,法学硕士的总体反应聚集在一起,形成了一个不同于所有国家的独特群体,显然不是WEIRD(西方,受过教育,工业化,富裕,民主),这与之前在其他背景下进行的研究相反。其次,法学硕士通常表现出风险中性的决策模式,在彩票类型的问题中倾向于与期望值计算一致的选择。第三,在评估当前和未来回报之间的跨期权衡时,法学硕士通常会产生内部一致和经济理性的反应。这些发现有助于理解法学硕士如何模仿类似人类的决策行为,并强调其产出中嵌入的潜在文化和培训影响。
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引用次数: 0
Dishonesty and justifications: Evidence from the second roll of a dice game 不诚实和辩解:来自骰子游戏第二轮的证据
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102501
Paul Clist , Ying-yi Hong
The widely-adopted die rolling experiment measures average lying behaviour. Its original design uses so-called control rolls; subjects should roll twice before reporting their first roll, for which they are paid. The second roll is a control, which is neither paid nor reported. This detail has received little attention in economics, but is the basis for Justified Dishonesty. This popular psychological idea argues observing counterfactuals reduces the internal lying cost. Specifically, it predicts subjects report the higher of their two rolls, switching relevant and irrelevant rolls if it pays to do so. Initial evidence appears compelling as data resemble its predictions. However current tests cannot distinguish between explanations, as we show other models can make virtually identical predictions without invoking counterfactuals. We test Justified Dishonesty’s mechanisms. First, we conduct a placebo test, finding that Justified Dishonesty’s predictions are accurate even when the proposed mechanism is not present. Second, we record both first and second (control) rolls. This enables a more direct test of the mechanism, which is strongly rejected in preregistered tests. Our results imply that whilst control rolls may slightly encourage cheating, they do so by altering standard lying costs rather than through a mechanism of switching rolls. This result underlines the importance of apparently inconsequential experimental features in influencing levels of lying behaviour.
广泛采用的摇模实验测量平均躺卧行为。它最初的设计使用了所谓的控制辊;受试者在报告第一次掷骰前应掷两次,并获得报酬。第二次滚动是一个控制,既不支付也不报告。这一细节在经济学中很少受到关注,但却是《合理不诚实》一书的基础。这一流行的心理学观点认为,观察反事实可以降低内在说谎成本。具体来说,它预测受试者报告两个掷出的掷中较高的那个,如果值得的话,它会切换相关掷出和不相关掷出的掷出。由于数据与预测相似,初步证据似乎令人信服。然而,目前的测试无法区分不同的解释,正如我们所展示的,其他模型可以在不调用反事实的情况下做出几乎相同的预测。我们测试了合理不诚实的机制。首先,我们进行了安慰剂测试,发现正当不诚实的预测即使在提出的机制不存在的情况下也是准确的。其次,我们记录第一次和第二次(对照)投掷。这允许对机制进行更直接的测试,这在预先注册的测试中是强烈拒绝的。我们的研究结果表明,虽然控制掷骰子可能会略微鼓励作弊,但它们是通过改变标准撒谎成本而不是通过切换掷骰子的机制来实现的。这一结果强调了看似无关紧要的实验特征在影响撒谎行为水平方面的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of trust and information on household risky financial investments 信任与信息对家庭风险金融投资的影响
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102503
Li Jia , Yi Yuan , Yuxuan Dong , Gerrit Antonides
The effect of trust on household risky financial investments was investigated using a recently developed measure of trust radius. Using data from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies, we show that trust affected both the household decision to invest and the amount of risky investments. These effects were inverted U-shaped. Also, we found that the perceived importance of information from traditional media sources moderated this effect, such that higher importance of information turned the effect of trust on risky investments from inverted U-shaped into U-shaped. The effect of trust was significant only for wealthier households and for households in regions with more inclusive financial development. Several robustness checks and endogeneity analyses corroborated our results. Implications for policy making are included.
信任对家庭风险金融投资的影响是用最近发展的信任半径测量来调查的。利用2018年中国家庭面板研究的数据,我们发现信任既影响家庭投资决策,也影响风险投资的数量。这些影响呈倒u型。此外,我们还发现,传统媒体来源信息的感知重要性调节了这一效应,即信息重要性的提高将信任对风险投资的影响从倒u型转变为u型。信任的影响仅对较富裕的家庭和金融发展更具包容性的地区的家庭有显著影响。几个稳健性检查和内生性分析证实了我们的结果。包括对政策制定的影响。
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引用次数: 0
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102500
William Wical
{"title":"","authors":"William Wical","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102500","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics
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