Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics最新文献

英文中文

Go your own way? social perception, migration and trust 走自己的路？社会认知、移民和信任

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102453

Annamaria Nese , Patrizia Sbriglia , Luigi Senatore

This study examines the relationship between trust, social capital, and migration decisions through theoretical and experimental analyses of how social perception influences behaviour in trust games. Small societies are more likely to develop higher levels of cooperation and trust due to closer social bonds and informal mechanisms of social control. Also, related researches on emigration in some European countries stress the negative impact of such phenomenon both on human (brain drain hypothesis) and on social capital. In this paper, we take a different perspective. We conducted a field experiment in small towns of Southern Italy (2023), recruiting both migrants and non-migrants. Our evidence demonstrates that individuals who chose to stay exhibit higher levels of trust compared to those who left their community of origin. These results prompt the development of a theoretical model in which migration operates as a social perception filter affecting trust. In this framework, the greater trust observed among non-migrants is interpreted not simply as a consequence of staying, but as a pre-existing trait that may have influenced their decision not to leave. The main contribution of this study is to build a psychological game that formalizes how social perception mechanisms interact with migration decisions.

本研究通过理论和实验分析社会知觉如何影响信任游戏中的行为，探讨了信任、社会资本和移民决策之间的关系。由于更紧密的社会联系和非正式的社会控制机制，小社会更有可能发展出更高水平的合作和信任。此外，一些欧洲国家对移民的相关研究也强调了这种现象对人力（人才流失假说）和社会资本的负面影响。在本文中，我们采取了不同的视角。我们在意大利南部的小城镇进行了实地实验（2023年），招募了移民和非移民。我们的证据表明，与离开原籍社区的人相比，选择留下来的人表现出更高的信任水平。这些结果促使理论模型的发展，其中移民作为影响信任的社会感知过滤器运作。在这一框架下，非移民之间观察到的更大的信任不仅被解释为留下来的结果，而且被解释为可能影响他们决定不离开的预先存在的特征。本研究的主要贡献是建立了一个心理游戏，以形式化社会感知机制如何与移民决策相互作用。

{"title":"Go your own way? social perception, migration and trust","authors":"Annamaria Nese , Patrizia Sbriglia , Luigi Senatore","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the relationship between trust, social capital, and migration decisions through theoretical and experimental analyses of how social perception influences behaviour in trust games. Small societies are more likely to develop higher levels of cooperation and trust due to closer social bonds and informal mechanisms of social control. Also, related researches on emigration in some European countries stress the negative impact of such phenomenon both on human (brain drain hypothesis) and on social capital. In this paper, we take a different perspective. We conducted a field experiment in small towns of Southern Italy (2023), recruiting both migrants and non-migrants. Our evidence demonstrates that individuals who chose to stay exhibit higher levels of trust compared to those who left their community of origin. These results prompt the development of a theoretical model in which migration operates as a social perception filter affecting trust. In this framework, the greater trust observed among non-migrants is interpreted not simply as a consequence of staying, but as a pre-existing trait that may have influenced their decision not to leave. The main contribution of this study is to build a psychological game that formalizes how social perception mechanisms interact with migration decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102453"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

‘You can quit!’: Exploring the efficacy of new cigarette pack warnings through an experiment “你可以辞职了！”：通过实验探索新烟盒警语的功效

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102452

Christian Ben Lakhdar , Antoine Deplancke , Fabrice Le Lec , Sophie Massin , Anthony Piermatteo , Nicolas G. Vaillant

In response to the health impacts of smoking, cigarette packs with health warnings have proven effective. However, it remains undetermined whether enhancements or modifications could amplify their impact, in helping smokers to quit and/or deterring initiation. We aimed at providing new evidence on this issue by using different motivational leverages identified in the psychology and economic literature. We developed new warnings based on commitment, cognitive dissonance, empowerment and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems use. To determine which types of warnings are the most effective, we conducted an online experiment where participants (n = 860, including 335 smokers) were exposed to a specific type of warning, using conventional regulatory warnings as a control. Traditional indicators (measures of emotions, reactions, beliefs, perceived efficacy and intentions) and an innovative behavioural indicator (incentive-compatible willingness-to-pay) were used to assess the efficacy of the warnings. The conventional regulatory warnings performed at least as well as the alternative ones in almost all the relevant dimensions. In this respect, alternative warnings are disappointing, although some have a positive effect compared to no warning and may be used as a basis for complementary or targeted warnings or prevention measures in other contexts.

针对吸烟对健康的影响，印有健康警告的香烟包装已被证明是有效的。然而，在帮助吸烟者戒烟和/或阻止开始吸烟方面，增强或修改是否会扩大其影响仍未确定。我们的目的是通过使用心理学和经济学文献中确定的不同动机杠杆，为这个问题提供新的证据。我们基于承诺、认知失调、授权和电子尼古丁传递系统的使用开发了新的警告。为了确定哪种类型的警告是最有效的，我们进行了一项在线实验，参与者（n = 860，包括335名吸烟者）暴露于特定类型的警告，使用传统的监管警告作为对照。传统的指标（情绪、反应、信念、感知效果和意图的测量）和创新的行为指标（激励相容的支付意愿）被用来评估警告的效果。在几乎所有相关方面，传统监管警告的表现至少与替代警告一样好。在这方面，替代警告令人失望，尽管与没有警告相比，有些警告具有积极作用，并可作为其他情况下补充或有针对性的警告或预防措施的基础。

{"title":"‘You can quit!’: Exploring the efficacy of new cigarette pack warnings through an experiment","authors":"Christian Ben Lakhdar , Antoine Deplancke , Fabrice Le Lec , Sophie Massin , Anthony Piermatteo , Nicolas G. Vaillant","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to the health impacts of smoking, cigarette packs with health warnings have proven effective. However, it remains undetermined whether enhancements or modifications could amplify their impact, in helping smokers to quit and/or deterring initiation. We aimed at providing new evidence on this issue by using different motivational leverages identified in the psychology and economic literature. We developed new warnings based on commitment, cognitive dissonance, empowerment and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems use. To determine which types of warnings are the most effective, we conducted an online experiment where participants (<em>n</em> = 860, including 335 smokers) were exposed to a specific type of warning, using conventional regulatory warnings as a control. Traditional indicators (measures of emotions, reactions, beliefs, perceived efficacy and intentions) and an innovative behavioural indicator (incentive-compatible willingness-to-pay) were used to assess the efficacy of the warnings. The conventional regulatory warnings performed at least as well as the alternative ones in almost all the relevant dimensions. In this respect, alternative warnings are disappointing, although some have a positive effect compared to no warning and may be used as a basis for complementary or targeted warnings or prevention measures in other contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The attitude–behavior gap is not one-sided: Some do more for the environment than they believe 态度和行为的差异不是单方面的：有些人对环境的贡献比他们认为的要大

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102446

Vojtěch Zíka , Petra Olšová , Michaela Jánská

This incentivized laboratory experiment (

N = 99

) maps survey-measured environmental attitudes onto behavior elicited through an effort task, enabling the analysis of both negative attitude–behavior gaps (where attitudes exceed behavior) and positive gaps (where behavior exceeds attitudes). Environmental attitudes were measured using the New Ecological Paradigm Scale. Behavior was assessed through the Survivor Task, in which participants had to press the spacebar at least once every 20 seconds to keep the task running. As long as the task remained active, it generated donations for a local project aimed at improving the environment. The experiment revealed not only the commonly discussed negative attitude–behavior gap but also a similarly sized positive gap. Although the negative gap was slightly larger, participants with a positive gap contributed three times more to the total donation of €182. Given gender differences in attitudes, exploratory analysis showed that women exhibited smaller gaps than men, indicating a closer alignment between attitudes and behavior. This aligns with our additional finding: attitudes and behavior were positively correlated for women but negatively for men. The results challenge the common belief that most people fail to act on their attitudes. Since many act better than their attitudes predict, efforts to close the negative gap may fail if the positive gap is overlooked.

这个激励实验室实验（N=99）将调查测量的环境态度映射到通过努力任务引起的行为上，从而可以分析消极的态度-行为差距（态度超过行为）和积极的差距（行为超过态度）。环境态度采用新生态范式量表进行测量。行为是通过幸存者任务来评估的，在这个任务中，参与者必须至少每20秒按一次空格键来保持任务的运行。只要这项任务保持活跃，它就会为当地一个旨在改善环境的项目筹集捐款。实验不仅揭示了通常讨论的消极态度-行为差距，也揭示了同样大小的积极差距。虽然负差距略大，但有正差距的参与者在182欧元的总捐款中贡献了三倍多的钱。考虑到态度上的性别差异，探索性分析表明，女性表现出的差距比男性小，这表明态度和行为之间的联系更紧密。这与我们的另一个发现一致：态度和行为对女性来说是正相关的，而对男性来说是负相关的。调查结果挑战了人们的普遍看法，即大多数人都没有将自己的态度付诸行动。由于许多人的行为比他们的态度预期的要好，如果忽视了积极的差距，缩小消极差距的努力可能会失败。

{"title":"The attitude–behavior gap is not one-sided: Some do more for the environment than they believe","authors":"Vojtěch Zíka , Petra Olšová , Michaela Jánská","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102446","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102446","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This incentivized laboratory experiment (<span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>99</mn></mrow></math></span>) maps survey-measured environmental attitudes onto behavior elicited through an effort task, enabling the analysis of both negative attitude–behavior gaps (where attitudes exceed behavior) and positive gaps (where behavior exceeds attitudes). Environmental attitudes were measured using the New Ecological Paradigm Scale. Behavior was assessed through the Survivor Task, in which participants had to press the spacebar at least once every 20 seconds to keep the task running. As long as the task remained active, it generated donations for a local project aimed at improving the environment. The experiment revealed not only the commonly discussed negative attitude–behavior gap but also a similarly sized positive gap. Although the negative gap was slightly larger, participants with a positive gap contributed three times more to the total donation of €182. Given gender differences in attitudes, exploratory analysis showed that women exhibited smaller gaps than men, indicating a closer alignment between attitudes and behavior. This aligns with our additional finding: attitudes and behavior were positively correlated for women but negatively for men. The results challenge the common belief that most people fail to act on their attitudes. Since many act better than their attitudes predict, efforts to close the negative gap may fail if the positive gap is overlooked.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comparison of endogenous and exogenous group formation to increase cooperation 增加合作的内生和外生群体形成的比较

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102451

Andrea Guido , Louis Putterman , Rustam Romaniuc

Grouping cooperatively disposed subjects with one another has been shown to slow the decline of contributions in public goods games. So far, similar findings have been obtained both when groups are exogenously formed by the experimenter and when they are endogenously formed by algorithms taking subjects’ preferences for partners into account. We designed an experiment in which internally homogeneous groups – composed of like-minded subjects – can form either exogenously or endogenously, testing the conjecture that endogenously formed groups of cooperators will outperform similar exogenously formed groups due to subjects’ decision rights in the endogenous procedure. We find that the conjecture is not supported, discussing potential explanations.

在公共产品游戏中，将具有合作倾向的受试者分组可以减缓贡献的下降。到目前为止，在实验者外生形成的群体和考虑受试者对伴侣偏好的算法内生形成的群体两种情况下，都得到了类似的发现。我们设计了一个实验，在这个实验中，由志同道合的主体组成的内部同质群体可以外生或内生地形成，以检验内生形成的合作群体会因为主体在内生过程中的决策权而优于类似的外生形成的合作群体的猜想。我们发现这个猜想是不支持的，讨论潜在的解释。

引用次数: 0

Active choosing or default rules? A revealed preference approach 主动选择还是默认规则？揭示偏好方法

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102449

Yukinori Iwata

When should a policymaker require active choosing or use a default rule to get people to make better choices? Are default rules unjustly manipulative, even if their use improves people’s welfare? This study addresses these questions by evaluating choice architecture in the limited attention with status quo bias model (Dean et al., 2017). We first show that an axiom that justifies default rules in terms of non-manipulation is inherently incompatible with another axiom that requires that revealed preferences be respected. Furthermore, we propose that there exists a welfarist justification for the argument that a policymaker should not set a worse alternative for a person as the default option, even if he or she gets better off. Based on these results, we define act-consequentialism and libertarian paternalism as evaluations of choice architecture and discuss their policy implications for policymakers.

什么时候政策制定者应该要求人们主动选择，或者使用默认规则来让人们做出更好的选择？默认规则是不公正的操纵吗，即使它们的使用提高了人们的福利？本研究通过使用现状偏见模型评估有限注意力中的选择架构来解决这些问题（Dean et al., 2017）。我们首先表明，一个以非操纵来证明默认规则的公理与另一个要求尊重揭示的偏好的公理本质上是不相容的。此外，我们提出存在福利主义的理由，即政策制定者不应该为一个人设置一个更坏的选择作为默认选择，即使他或她变得更好了。基于这些结果，我们将行为后果主义和自由意志家长式主义定义为选择架构的评估，并讨论了它们对决策者的政策含义。

引用次数: 0

Verification and reputational concerns: An experiment 验证和声誉问题：实验

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102435

Magnus Våge Knutsen

I investigate the interaction between two solutions to the moral hazard problem in experience goods markets: Quality verification and reputational concerns. I set up an experimental market where a long-lived seller interacts with a sequence of short-lived buyers and where buyers observe previous decisions by sellers. I test the effect of letting buyers verify product quality at a cost in two distinctly different environments: One in which reputational concerns for sellers are induced by way of computerized sellers, and one without induced reputational concerns. My equilibrium analysis shows that with induced reputational concerns, costly quality verification may fully crowd out reputational concerns and lead to inferior market outcomes. However, when reputational concerns are not induced, verification can improve market outcomes. Results from the experiment to some extent corroborate these predictions. First, in the environment where reputational concerns are induced, short-run incentives created by verification almost fully crowd out the reputational concerns. Second, in the environment without induced reputational concerns, verification improves market outcomes by increasing quality and overall market surplus.

我研究了体验商品市场中道德风险问题的两种解决方案之间的相互作用：质量验证和声誉问题。我建立了一个实验市场，在这个市场中，一个长寿的卖家与一系列短命的买家互动，买家观察卖家之前的决定。我在两种截然不同的环境中测试了让买家以成本来验证产品质量的效果：一种环境中，卖家的声誉担忧是由计算机化的卖家引起的，另一种环境中没有引发声誉担忧。我的均衡分析表明，在引起声誉关注的情况下，昂贵的质量验证可能会完全挤出声誉关注，并导致劣质的市场结果。然而，当声誉问题没有引起时，验证可以改善市场结果。实验结果在一定程度上证实了这些预测。首先，在引起声誉关注的环境中，由核查产生的短期激励几乎完全排挤了声誉关注。其次，在没有引起声誉担忧的环境中，验证通过提高质量和整体市场剩余来改善市场结果。

{"title":"Verification and reputational concerns: An experiment","authors":"Magnus Våge Knutsen","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>I investigate the interaction between two solutions to the moral hazard problem in experience goods markets: Quality verification and reputational concerns. I set up an experimental market where a long-lived seller interacts with a sequence of short-lived buyers and where buyers observe previous decisions by sellers. I test the effect of letting buyers verify product quality at a cost in two distinctly different environments: One in which reputational concerns for sellers are induced by way of computerized sellers, and one without induced reputational concerns. My equilibrium analysis shows that with induced reputational concerns, costly quality verification may fully crowd out reputational concerns and lead to inferior market outcomes. However, when reputational concerns are not induced, verification can improve market outcomes. Results from the experiment to some extent corroborate these predictions. First, in the environment where reputational concerns are induced, short-run incentives created by verification almost fully crowd out the reputational concerns. Second, in the environment without induced reputational concerns, verification improves market outcomes by increasing quality and overall market surplus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moral wiggle room in the dictator game 独裁者游戏中的道德回旋余地

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102431

Sanmitra Ghosh , Mridu Prabal Goswami , Shubhro Sarkar

This study analyzes a modified dictatorship game in which, before splitting a fixed endowment, dictators are informed about the amount their recipients would have kept for themselves had they been assigned the role of allocators. We posit that dictators will selectively use the additional information and exploit a moral wiggle room — they will keep a larger amount when they face recipients who would have behaved more selfishly than themselves and ignore the knowledge in case of more benevolent recipients. We ran an experiment with treatment and control sessions, giving dictators information regarding potential recipients only in the former. Our experimental findings support our hypotheses, which suggest that dictators’ decisions are driven not just by their idiosyncratic preferences for fairness but also by those of others. Our paper contributes to the literature on subtle contextual cues that adversely affect the prosocial behavior of dictators.

本研究分析了一个改良的独裁博弈，在这个博弈中，在分配固定捐赠之前，独裁者被告知，如果他们被分配到分配者的角色，他们的接受者会为自己保留多少。我们假设独裁者会有选择地使用额外的信息，并利用道德上的回旋余地——当他们面对比自己表现得更自私的接受者时，他们会保留更多的信息，而在面对更仁慈的接受者时，他们会忽略这些信息。我们对治疗组和控制组进行了实验，只在前者中向独裁者提供有关潜在接受者的信息。我们的实验结果支持了我们的假设，即独裁者的决定不仅受到他们对公平的特殊偏好的驱动，还受到其他人的影响。我们的论文有助于研究微妙的上下文线索对独裁者的亲社会行为产生不利影响的文献。

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of direct and indirect time preference elicitation methods across domains in predicting health behaviors: Evidence from Rural China 直接和间接时间偏好启发方法在跨领域预测健康行为中的有效性：来自中国农村的证据

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102448

Cong Li, Danlei Chen, Jingxian Wu, Qiqi Liu

Health behaviors, which involve trade-offs between current costs and future benefits, are closely associated with individuals’ time preferences. This study investigates the effectiveness of two time preference elicitation methods—indirect (experimental) and direct (self-reported)—in predicting health behaviors using a representative sample of rural residents from Shaanxi, China. These methods were evaluated across two domains: financial and health. Our findings indicate that direct methods significantly outperformed indirect methods in predicting smoking and physical exercise behaviors in survey settings. Furthermore, time preference methods in the health domain were more predictive of health behaviors than those in the financial domain. Specifically, health-domain time preferences significantly predicted both smoking and physical exercise, while financial-domain preferences only predicted physical exercise. Based on these findings, we recommend the use of direct time preference elicitation methods from the health domain in large-scale questionnaire surveys to assess time preferences related to health behaviors in rural populations.

健康行为涉及当前成本和未来收益之间的权衡，与个人的时间偏好密切相关。本研究以陕西农村居民为研究对象，探讨了间接（实验）和直接（自我报告）两种时间偏好激发方法对健康行为预测的有效性。这些方法在两个领域进行了评估：财务和健康。我们的研究结果表明，直接方法在预测吸烟和体育锻炼行为方面明显优于间接方法。此外，健康领域的时间偏好方法比金融领域的时间偏好方法更能预测健康行为。具体而言，健康领域的时间偏好显著预测吸烟和体育锻炼，而金融领域的时间偏好仅预测体育锻炼。基于这些发现，我们建议在大规模问卷调查中使用健康领域的直接时间偏好启发方法来评估农村人口健康行为相关的时间偏好。

{"title":"Effectiveness of direct and indirect time preference elicitation methods across domains in predicting health behaviors: Evidence from Rural China","authors":"Cong Li, Danlei Chen, Jingxian Wu, Qiqi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Health behaviors, which involve trade-offs between current costs and future benefits, are closely associated with individuals’ time preferences. This study investigates the effectiveness of two time preference elicitation methods—indirect (experimental) and direct (self-reported)—in predicting health behaviors using a representative sample of rural residents from Shaanxi, China. These methods were evaluated across two domains: financial and health. Our findings indicate that direct methods significantly outperformed indirect methods in predicting smoking and physical exercise behaviors in survey settings. Furthermore, time preference methods in the health domain were more predictive of health behaviors than those in the financial domain. Specifically, health-domain time preferences significantly predicted both smoking and physical exercise, while financial-domain preferences only predicted physical exercise. Based on these findings, we recommend the use of direct time preference elicitation methods from the health domain in large-scale questionnaire surveys to assess time preferences related to health behaviors in rural populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unintended consequences of nudges: Challenges in improving attitudes towards shared e-scooters 轻推的意外后果：改善对共享电动滑板车态度的挑战

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102437

Neel Ocean, Roger Woodman

As part of a push towards sustainable transportation, there have been several rental e-scooter trials in UK cities. However, vandalism and mistreatment have plagued these schemes, and the adoption of e-scooters remains low. We test the effectiveness of nudges designed to improve attitudes towards shared e-scooters, as well as increase uptake. These are based on three main mechanisms: ownership, social norm messaging, and social status signalling. Using randomised survey experiments, we find that our main ownership and social status nudges are not only ineffective, they worsen attitudes towards shared e-scooters and reduce intended uptake. Injunctive norm messaging did not have any significant impact on stated adoption or willingness to report misuse. Our results highlight the potential consequences of nudges that backfire. We recommend carefully testing proposed nudges within the intended context before implementation, even if they have been successful in a different context, in order to avoid negative consequences.

作为推动可持续交通的一部分，英国城市已经进行了几次租赁电动滑板车试验。然而，破坏和虐待行为一直困扰着这些计划，电动滑板车的使用率仍然很低。我们测试了旨在改善对共享电动滑板车的态度以及增加吸收率的推动的有效性。这些基于三种主要机制：所有权、社会规范信息和社会地位信号。通过随机调查实验，我们发现我们的主要所有权和社会地位的推动不仅是无效的，他们恶化了对共享电动滑板车的态度，减少了预期的吸收。禁令规范消息传递对声明的采用或报告滥用的意愿没有任何重大影响。我们的研究结果强调了轻推适得其反的潜在后果。我们建议在实施之前在预期的环境中仔细测试提议的推动，即使它们在不同的环境中取得了成功，以避免负面后果。

引用次数: 0

Does reluctance to share personal data reduce citizen demand for personalized services? Evidence from a survey experiment 不愿分享个人数据是否会降低公民对个性化服务的需求？来自调查实验的证据

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102447

Julieth Santamaria, Benjamin Roseth, Florencia Aguirre

Digital transformation has brought two conflicting trends: a demand for more customized services requiring the use of personal data, and a concern for data protection. Reconciling these trends may influence personalized public service design and adoption strategies. This study explores how to mitigate citizens’ reluctance to share data on personalized public services. Through a survey experiment, we offered two hypothetical services: one educational service (scholarship) and one health-related service (checkup). Respondents were randomly assigned to one of three groups, receiving different information: (i) a summary of service benefits; (ii) a summary of benefits with a data use disclosure; and (iii) a data usage disclosure. The findings show strong baseline interest in personalized services. However, data-use disclosures reduced interest in both services, resulting in declines of 2.7 to 3.0 percentage points. Providing detailed service descriptions increased interest by 5.0 and 6.1 percentage points for education and health services, respectively. This suggests that offering information about the benefits of the service can offset concerns about data privacy. These effects remained consistent among different population groups.

数字化转型带来了两种相互冲突的趋势：对需要使用个人数据的更多定制服务的需求，以及对数据保护的关注。协调这些趋势可能会影响个性化的公共服务设计和采用策略。本研究探讨了如何缓解公民不愿分享个性化公共服务数据的问题。通过调查实验，我们提供了两种假设服务：一种是教育服务（奖学金），一种是健康服务（体检）。受访者被随机分配到三组中的一组，收到不同的信息：(i)服务福利的摘要；（ii）资料使用披露的利益摘要；以及（iii）数据使用披露。调查结果显示，人们对个性化服务有着浓厚的兴趣。然而，数据使用的披露降低了对这两种服务的兴趣，导致2.7至3.0个百分点的下降。提供详细的服务描述分别使人们对教育和保健服务的兴趣增加了5.0和6.1个百分点。这表明，提供有关该服务好处的信息可以抵消对数据隐私的担忧。这些影响在不同的人群中保持一致。

{"title":"Does reluctance to share personal data reduce citizen demand for personalized services? Evidence from a survey experiment","authors":"Julieth Santamaria, Benjamin Roseth, Florencia Aguirre","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digital transformation has brought two conflicting trends: a demand for more customized services requiring the use of personal data, and a concern for data protection. Reconciling these trends may influence personalized public service design and adoption strategies. This study explores how to mitigate citizens’ reluctance to share data on personalized public services. Through a survey experiment, we offered two hypothetical services: one educational service (scholarship) and one health-related service (checkup). Respondents were randomly assigned to one of three groups, receiving different information: (i) a summary of service benefits; (ii) a summary of benefits with a data use disclosure; and (iii) a data usage disclosure. The findings show strong baseline interest in personalized services. However, data-use disclosures reduced interest in both services, resulting in declines of 2.7 to 3.0 percentage points. Providing detailed service descriptions increased interest by 5.0 and 6.1 percentage points for education and health services, respectively. This suggests that offering information about the benefits of the service can offset concerns about data privacy. These effects remained consistent among different population groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

首页上一页

类型

全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

数据库

全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

期刊

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.

﹀