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When leadership messaging fails to encourage producers’ climate action: Field experiments reveal what works in the real world 当领导力信息无法鼓励生产者采取气候行动时:实地实验揭示了现实世界中行之有效的方法
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102439
Hide-Fumi Yokoo , Takahiro Kubo , Daisuke Kunii , Hiroki Sasaki
If a government highlighted the first producer to adopt green technology, how would the remaining producers react? This study is the first attempt to evaluate the impact of a message about a climate leader sent by the government to an industry. From among 374 wineries in Japan, half were randomly selected and received a message stating that a certain winery was an early adopter of renewable energy. We then observed whether other wineries participated in webinars on carbon footprint measurement to collect information. We find that this message about climate leadership did not encourage the wineries to participate in the webinar. We interpret this result as reflecting both the strategic decisions of competing wineries and the adverse psychological effects of the message. Further analysis reveals a substantial gap between the stated interest and actual participation, suggesting that self-reported intentions may not reliably predict behavior. Overall, this preregistered field experiment highlights the importance of carefully designing supply-side messaging policies and emphasizes the value of collecting behavioral data in real-world settings to better understand actual responses.
如果政府强调第一个采用绿色技术的生产商,其余的生产商会作何反应?这项研究是第一次尝试评估政府向一个行业发出的关于气候领袖的信息的影响。在日本的374家酒庄中,随机选择了一半的酒庄,并收到了一条信息,说明某家酒庄是可再生能源的早期采用者。然后,我们观察其他酒庄是否参加了碳足迹测量的网络研讨会,以收集信息。我们发现,这个关于气候领导的信息并没有鼓励酒庄参加网络研讨会。我们将这一结果解释为既反映了竞争酒厂的战略决策,也反映了该信息的不利心理影响。进一步的分析揭示了陈述的兴趣和实际参与之间的巨大差距,这表明自我报告的意图可能无法可靠地预测行为。总的来说,这个预先注册的现场实验强调了仔细设计供应方消息传递策略的重要性,并强调了在现实环境中收集行为数据以更好地理解实际反应的价值。
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引用次数: 0
Return intentions of Ukrainian refugees: The role of national identity and pride 乌克兰难民的回归意向:民族认同与自豪感的作用
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102455
Volodymyr Vakhitov , Nataliia Zaika , Serhiy Kandul
The war in Ukraine has displaced over 6.4 million Ukrainians to neighboring countries. This study investigates the return intentions of Ukrainian refugees, focusing on national identity and pride as psychological factors. Using a large-scale experimental survey, we examined how increasing the salience of these factors affects return decisions. Our findings show that making national identity more salient slightly increases the desire to return, while making pride more salient decreases it, particularly among those with lower pride levels. These results suggest that interventions enhancing national identity could promote return migration, but pride-based strategies should be used cautiously. The study contributes to the literature on forced displacement and identity economics, providing policy insights for facilitating the return of war refugees.
乌克兰的战争使640多万乌克兰人流离失所,逃往邻国。本研究探讨乌克兰难民的返乡意向,重点探讨民族认同和自豪感作为心理因素。通过大规模的实验调查,我们研究了增加这些因素的显著性如何影响回报决策。我们的研究结果表明,让国家认同变得更加突出会略微增加回国的愿望,而让自豪感变得更加突出则会降低这种愿望,尤其是在那些自豪感水平较低的人群中。这些结果表明,加强国家认同的干预措施可以促进回迁,但应谨慎使用基于自豪感的策略。该研究为被迫流离失所和身份经济学的文献做出了贡献,为促进战争难民的回归提供了政策见解。
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引用次数: 0
Infrastructure-driven healthcare advancements: Rural Roads and Maternal Health in Ethiopia 基础设施推动的保健进步:埃塞俄比亚的农村道路和孕产妇保健
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102427
Musa Hasen Ahmed , Wondimagegn Mesfin Tesfaye
We examine the link between road accessibility and the use of maternal healthcare services in Ethiopia. Using a quasi-experimental design, we compare maternal health outcomes in villages before and after road construction alongside control villages without such infrastructure. Our analysis suggests that rural road development is associated with increased utilization of maternal healthcare services during the prenatal stage. However, we did not observe significant associations during the birth or postnatal stages. Using data collected before the commencement of the road expansion program, we confirm that the observed association between road access and maternal healthcare utilization can be attributed to the road infrastructure rather than to pre-existing conditions in the villages.
我们检查道路可达性和使用孕产妇保健服务在埃塞俄比亚之间的联系。采用准实验设计,我们比较了道路建设前后村庄与没有此类基础设施的对照村庄的孕产妇健康结果。我们的分析表明,农村道路的发展与产前阶段孕产妇保健服务的利用率增加有关。然而,我们没有观察到在出生或出生后阶段的显著关联。利用在公路扩建计划开始之前收集的数据,我们证实,观察到的公路通行与孕产妇保健利用之间的关联可归因于道路基础设施,而不是村庄原有的条件。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of an increase in unit price on self-set goals in a success-based fee system: Gain and loss domains 在以成功为基础的收费系统中,单位价格的增加对自我设定目标的影响:收益和损失域
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102432
Yasuhiro Nakamoto
In this study, we investigate earnings as a motivational tool on goal setting in economically equivalent gain and loss domains. The main finding indicates that a higher unit price, which corresponds to greater earnings, leads to a higher self-set goal in the Gain treatment but not in the economically equivalent Loss treatment. Using the reference-dependent utility model, one possible explanation is that in the loss domain, the positive effect of an increase in the unit price is weakened due to a corresponding change in the reference point formed by the initial endowment. Additionally, a higher unit price does not lead to greater performance in both the gain and loss domains. Finally, in the gain domain, our experiment finds that low rewards fail to motivate individuals to set goals that closely align with actual performance.
在本研究中,我们研究了在经济等值的收益和损失领域中,收入作为目标设定的激励工具。主要发现表明,较高的单位价格,对应于更大的收益,导致更高的自我设定目标在收益处理,而不是在经济上等效的损失处理。利用参考依赖实用新型,一种可能的解释是,在损失域,由于初始禀赋形成的参考点发生了相应的变化,单位价格增加的积极作用被削弱了。此外,较高的单价并不会导致收益和损失领域的更好表现。最后,在收益领域,我们的实验发现,低奖励不能激励个人设定与实际表现密切相关的目标。
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引用次数: 0
Cross−impact and price bubbles in hybrid financial markets 混合金融市场的交叉影响和价格泡沫
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102398
Philipp Chapkovski , Francesco Cordoni , Caterina Giannetti , Fabrizio Lillo
We explore cross-impact in a hybrid experimental market with human and artificial agents, varying liquidity across treatments. In treatment Separated participants hold distinct portfolios for two stocks, while in Integrated they hold a unique portfolio, i.e., can freely move capital between assets. Larger bubbles and asymmetric cross-market impact occur with unique portfolios and decreasing value asset. When comparing experimental and synthetic data, cross-impact is attributed to human players, especially when stock values are close to each other. Artificial players also react to human presence, contributing to cross-impact.
我们在混合实验市场中探索人类和人工代理人的交叉影响,不同处理的流动性不同。在处理中,分离的参与者持有两种股票的不同投资组合,而在整合中,他们持有一个独特的投资组合,即可以自由地在资产之间移动资本。独特的投资组合和价值递减的资产会产生更大的泡沫和不对称的跨市场冲击。当比较实验数据和合成数据时,交叉影响归因于人类玩家,特别是当股票价值彼此接近时。人工玩家也会对人类的存在做出反应,从而产生交叉影响。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of smart meter programmes on household water consumption: evidence from New Zealand 智能电表计划对家庭用水的影响:来自新西兰的证据
IF 1.6 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102413
Juan Wang , Jakobus E. van Zyl , Le Wen , Yongbo Li , Shuai Che
Based on monthly water use data from 22,362 households in Auckland from January 2022 to June 2023, this study investigates the effect of smart meters on household water use through a Difference-in-Differences (DID) model. This paper finds that replacing conventional meters with smart water meters resulted in an increase in measured residential water use by about 4 %. However, this increase was offset by the installation of mobile apps that provide real-time water usage information and leakage alerts. Such features have motivated residents to manage their water use more rationally, potentially reducing average consumption by around 5 %. Additionally, heterogeneity analysis reveals that the installation of smart water meters and mobile apps led to increased water use among households with low baseline consumption and decreased water use among those with high baseline consumption. The empirical findings provide key insights for smart metering implementation and offers practical recommendations for policymakers.
基于2022年1月至2023年6月奥克兰22,362户家庭的月度用水数据,本研究通过差异中的差异(DID)模型调查了智能电表对家庭用水的影响。本文发现,用智能水表取代传统水表导致住宅用水量增加了约4%。然而,这一增长被安装了提供实时用水信息和漏水警报的移动应用程序所抵消。这些特点促使居民更合理地管理用水,有可能使平均用水量减少5%左右。此外,异质性分析显示,安装智能水表和移动应用程序导致基线用水量低的家庭用水量增加,而基线用水量高的家庭用水量减少。实证研究结果为智能电表的实施提供了重要见解,并为政策制定者提供了实用建议。
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引用次数: 0
Opinion Piece: How to pre-register experimental studies that involve machine learning for text data analysis 评论:如何预先注册涉及文本数据分析的机器学习的实验研究
IF 1.6 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102414
Lisa Bruttel, Juri Nithammer
This paper discusses the challenges researchers face when pre-registering experimental studies that incorporate machine learning methods for data analysis, in particular text mining. Compared to standard behavioral data, text data (e.g., free-form chat content) is less predictable in form and meaning, and it is often unclear which representation techniques will yield the most meaningful results. Drawing on experience from multiple experimental studies, we propose best practices and offer guidelines to assist researchers working in this growing area.
本文讨论了研究人员在预先注册实验研究时所面临的挑战,这些实验研究将机器学习方法用于数据分析,特别是文本挖掘。与标准的行为数据相比,文本数据(例如,自由格式的聊天内容)在形式和意义上的可预测性较差,并且通常不清楚哪种表示技术将产生最有意义的结果。根据多个实验研究的经验,我们提出了最佳实践并提供了指导方针,以帮助研究人员在这一不断发展的领域工作。
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引用次数: 0
The interaction effect of green advertising appeal and monetary resource perception on consumers’ green purchase intention 绿色广告诉求与货币资源感知对消费者绿色购买意愿的交互作用
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102436
Yuan Ma, Haiying Wang
With the rapid economic development, environmental problems are expanding. Consumers’ green consumption behavior is significant for carbon reduction. Green advertisements play an indispensable role in stimulating consumers’ green consumption behavior. “What to say” and “to whom” of green advertising is very important. The above questions are discussed from the perspectives of green advertising appeal and consumers’ money resources scarcity. The interaction effects of green advertising appeal (self-interest vs. altruism) and monetary resource perception (scarcity vs. abundance) on consumers’ green purchase intention are tested through experimental design. It is found that consumers who perceive scarcity of monetary resources are more likely to be impressed by the self-interested appeal of green advertisements, while the altruistic appeal of green advertisements has a better persuasive effect on consumers who perceive abundance of monetary resources.
随着经济的快速发展,环境问题日益严重。消费者的绿色消费行为对碳减排具有重要意义。绿色广告对激发消费者的绿色消费行为起着不可或缺的作用。绿色广告的“说什么”和“对谁”是非常重要的。以上问题从绿色广告诉求和消费者资金资源稀缺的角度进行了探讨。通过实验设计检验了绿色广告诉求(自利vs利他)和货币资源感知(稀缺vs富足)对消费者绿色购买意愿的交互作用。研究发现,感知到货币资源稀缺性的消费者更容易被绿色广告的自利诉求所打动,而感知到货币资源丰富性的消费者更容易被绿色广告的利他诉求所打动。
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引用次数: 0
The baking of preferences throughout the high school 整个高中的喜好变化
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102396
Antonio Alfonso , Pablo Brañas-Garza , Diego Jorrat , Benjamin Prissé , María José Vázquez-De Francisco
This study investigates gender differences in time and risk preferences and how this difference evolves during adolescence. Using a sample of 4,830 non-self-selected teenagers from 207 classes across 22 Spanish schools, we provide a detailed analysis of how boys and girls differ – or not – in economic preferences, and how these preferences change as they grow older. Our large and rich dataset includes information on class attributes, social networks, and friends’ preferences, allowing us to control for a wide range of potentially confounding variables. We find no significant gender differences in patience or risk attitudes at younger ages. However, we find that older adolescents tend to exhibit different patterns than younger ones—girls in higher grades show more nuanced time preferences, and boys in higher grades appear more risk averse than girls. These patterns are shaped by cognitive abilities and the social environment within classrooms. Our findings underscore the importance of considering gender-specific developmental trajectories when studying economic preferences during adolescence.
这项研究调查了性别在时间和风险偏好上的差异,以及这种差异在青春期是如何演变的。我们从西班牙22所学校的207个班级中选取了4830名非自主选择的青少年作为样本,详细分析了男孩和女孩在经济偏好上的差异,以及随着年龄的增长,这些偏好是如何变化的。我们庞大而丰富的数据集包括关于职业属性、社交网络和朋友偏好的信息,使我们能够控制广泛的潜在混淆变量。我们发现,在耐心或风险态度上,年龄较小的人没有显著的性别差异。然而,我们发现年龄较大的青少年往往表现出不同于年龄较小的青少年的模式——高年级的女孩表现出更细微的时间偏好,高年级的男孩表现出比女孩更厌恶风险。这些模式是由认知能力和教室内的社会环境形成的。我们的研究结果强调了在研究青少年经济偏好时考虑性别特定发展轨迹的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of a sense of belonging on truth-telling and the role of gender 归属感对讲真话的影响和性别的作用
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102430
Guy Barokas , Oded Ravid
This study uses an online experiment to explore the effect of belongingness in promoting honesty and how this is affected by gender. Each participant in the treatment group was assigned to the subgroup with which they most closely identified, while participants in control group they were randomly assigned to non-identified subgroups. Participants reported the outcomes of unmonitored die rolls, with honesty incentivized by collective bonuses. The results show that the treatment group experienced a stronger sense of belonging and reported more honestly than the control group, confirming the overall effect of belongingness on truthfulness. We also identified a correlation between the degree of belongingness and honesty across subgroups. A post hoc analysis of gender variations revealed that women demonstrated a stronger sense of belonging and a higher level of honesty. Notably, while the effect of belongingness on honesty was significant among women, it was not statistically significant for men. These findings highlight belongingness as a key factor in ethical behavior, particularly for women, with implications for policy design in many contexts.
本研究通过一个在线实验来探索归属感在促进诚实方面的作用,以及这种作用如何受到性别的影响。治疗组的每个参与者被分配到他们最熟悉的亚组,而对照组的参与者被随机分配到不熟悉的亚组。参与者报告了不受监督的掷骰子结果,集体奖金激励他们诚实。结果显示,治疗组比对照组有更强的归属感和更诚实的报告,证实了归属感对真实性的整体影响。我们还发现了归属感程度和诚实度之间的相关性。对性别差异的事后分析显示,女性表现出更强的归属感和更高的诚实度。值得注意的是,归属感对诚实度的影响在女性中是显著的,而在男性中则没有统计学意义。这些发现强调了归属感是道德行为的关键因素,尤其是对女性来说,这对许多情况下的政策设计都有影响。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics
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