Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics最新文献

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The effects of cognitive load and mindfulness meditation on decisions related to risk and time 认知负荷和正念冥想对风险和时间相关决策的影响

IF 1.6 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-07-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102412

Natalia Bulla-Holthaus , Nadja Kairies-Schwarz , Irene Mussio

This study explores how cognitive load and a preventive mindfulness meditation impact decisions related to risk and time. For this, we use a controlled laboratory experiment with university students and a sequential design in which we elicit their risk and time attitudes twice. First, we elicit them in a baseline scenario. This is followed by an intervention period, in which we vary the presence of a one-time brief guided mindfulness meditation exercise. In second elicitation period, we then vary the inclusion of a cognitive load task. To measure potential physiological responses to cognitive load and mindfulness meditation, we continuously track participants’ heart rates using fitness watches throughout the experiment. We find that in treatments with cognitive load the average heart rate increases relatively more during the second elicitation than in those without it, suggesting an acute physiological response. While a neutral waiting period does not affect risk-related choices post-intervention, the one with a guided mindfulness meditation reduces the probability of risk seeking choices and decreases the probability of individuals to make no changes in choices, in the subsequent treatment with cognitive load. Attitudes towards time remain consistent.

本研究探讨认知负荷和预防性正念冥想如何影响与风险和时间相关的决策。为此，我们对大学生进行了控制实验室实验，并采用顺序设计，两次引出他们的风险和时间态度。首先，我们在一个基线场景中引出他们。接下来是一段干预期，在这段时间里，我们进行了一次简短的正念冥想练习。在第二个启发阶段，我们改变了认知负荷任务的内容。为了测量对认知负荷和正念冥想的潜在生理反应，我们在整个实验过程中使用健身手表持续跟踪参与者的心率。我们发现，在有认知负荷的治疗中，第二次启发时的平均心率比没有认知负荷的治疗中增加得更多，这表明这是一种急性生理反应。虽然中性的等待期不会影响干预后的风险相关选择，但在随后的认知负荷治疗中，引导正念冥想降低了寻求风险选择的可能性，降低了个体不改变选择的可能性。对时间的态度始终如一。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of smart meter programmes on household water consumption: evidence from New Zealand 智能电表计划对家庭用水的影响：来自新西兰的证据

IF 1.6 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102413

Juan Wang , Jakobus E. van Zyl , Le Wen , Yongbo Li , Shuai Che

Based on monthly water use data from 22,362 households in Auckland from January 2022 to June 2023, this study investigates the effect of smart meters on household water use through a Difference-in-Differences (DID) model. This paper finds that replacing conventional meters with smart water meters resulted in an increase in measured residential water use by about 4 %. However, this increase was offset by the installation of mobile apps that provide real-time water usage information and leakage alerts. Such features have motivated residents to manage their water use more rationally, potentially reducing average consumption by around 5 %. Additionally, heterogeneity analysis reveals that the installation of smart water meters and mobile apps led to increased water use among households with low baseline consumption and decreased water use among those with high baseline consumption. The empirical findings provide key insights for smart metering implementation and offers practical recommendations for policymakers.

基于2022年1月至2023年6月奥克兰22,362户家庭的月度用水数据，本研究通过差异中的差异（DID）模型调查了智能电表对家庭用水的影响。本文发现，用智能水表取代传统水表导致住宅用水量增加了约4%。然而，这一增长被安装了提供实时用水信息和漏水警报的移动应用程序所抵消。这些特点促使居民更合理地管理用水，有可能使平均用水量减少5%左右。此外，异质性分析显示，安装智能水表和移动应用程序导致基线用水量低的家庭用水量增加，而基线用水量高的家庭用水量减少。实证研究结果为智能电表的实施提供了重要见解，并为政策制定者提供了实用建议。

引用次数: 0

Future time perspective and job satisfaction in financial planning for retirement 退休财务规划的未来时间观与工作满意度

IF 1.6 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102415

Fernando Coral Polanco

The analysis of the role that job satisfaction (JS) can play in a psychological model of financial planning for retirement (FPR) is an original contribution of this research. The study focuses on a sample of the Spanish population, necessitating an appropriate measure of FPR. The findings provide robust evidence that psychological factors—such as Future Time Perspective (FTP), operationalized through the Consideration of Future Consequences construct in this study—are the primary drivers of FPR. The influence of psychological factors is further strengthened by their role as mediators between sociodemographic variables and FPR. Moreover, JS exerts a negative but moderate influence on FPR, providing opportunities for public policy interventions. The stability of these relationships was assessed using multi-group structural equation modeling, revealing significant differences across age groups, which stimulate further research.

工作满意度在退休财务规划心理模型中的作用分析是本研究的原创性贡献。这项研究的重点是西班牙人口的样本，因此有必要对FPR进行适当的测量。研究结果提供了强有力的证据，表明心理因素——如未来时间视角（FTP），在本研究中通过对未来后果的考虑构建来运作——是FPR的主要驱动因素。心理因素在社会人口变量与FPR之间的中介作用进一步加强了心理因素的影响。此外，JS对FPR产生负向但适度的影响，为公共政策干预提供了机会。使用多组结构方程模型评估了这些关系的稳定性，揭示了不同年龄组之间的显著差异，从而激发了进一步的研究。

引用次数: 0

Effects of zero price and reciprocity on online consumer reviews 零价格和互惠对在线消费者评论的影响

IF 1.6 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102416

Xian. Zhang

Online consumer reviews are important for businesses because they potentially influence product sales and profits. This study examines the zero price effect on online consumer reviews and reciprocity as the mechanism through which such an effect operates. By conducting a lab experiment, I observed review behaviour of subjects who received coffee for free or for 1 cent and measured their degree of reciprocity using a Trust Game. Although zero pricing did not significantly change review participation, ratings and emotions, subjects under the zero price treatment wrote longer reviews, therein possibly expressing their greater appreciation. No significant differences in review behaviour were found between high and low reciprocal subjects. Model estimations further show that the zero price effect is significantly negative on the rating of overall performance for those with low reciprocity, but higher reciprocity can mitigate this effect.

在线消费者评论对企业来说很重要，因为它们可能影响产品的销售和利润。本研究考察了零价格效应对在线消费者评论的影响，并探讨了互惠效应的作用机制。通过一项实验室实验，我观察了接受免费咖啡或1美分咖啡的受试者的评论行为，并使用信任游戏（Trust Game）测量了他们的互惠程度。虽然零定价没有显著改变评论参与、评分和情绪，但在零价格处理下，受试者的评论写得更长，可能表达了更大的欣赏。评价行为在高互惠和低互惠受试者之间没有显著差异。模型估计进一步表明，对于互惠性较低的企业，零价格效应对整体绩效评级显著负向影响，但互惠性较高的企业可以缓解这种影响。

引用次数: 0

Challenging the free-rider: Children behavior in a public goods game 挑战搭便车：儿童在公共产品游戏中的行为

IF 1.6 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102400

Maurizio Caserta, Rosaria Distefano, Livio Ferrante, Francesco Reito

This paper presents the results of an educational program designed to promote prosocial attitudes among 11-year-old children in Southern Italy. The experiment investigates whether education on socially beneficial behavior can increase voluntary contributions in a standard public goods game and reduce free riding. The program consists of five interactive lectures delivered by young economics students on sustainable consumption, social responsibility, and environmental awareness. Results suggest that participation in the program significantly increases both the probability of contributing and the size of contributions. Interestingly, the transmission of prosocial behavior appears to have a stronger impact among students from lower socio-economic backgrounds.

本文介绍了一项旨在促进意大利南部11岁儿童亲社会态度的教育计划的结果。该实验探讨了在标准公共产品博弈中，对社会有益行为的教育是否能增加自愿贡献，并减少搭便车行为。该项目包括五场互动讲座，由年轻的经济学学生讲授可持续消费、社会责任和环境意识。结果表明，参与该计划显著增加了贡献的概率和贡献的规模。有趣的是，亲社会行为的传递在社会经济背景较低的学生中似乎有更大的影响。

引用次数: 0

Replication code as a cornerstone of the credibility revolution 2.0 复制代码作为信誉革命2.0的基石

IF 1.6 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102410

Jan Marcus

This opinion piece argues that code sharing is a key yet underutilized component of research transparency and the ongoing “Credibility Revolution 2.0.” It outlines the benefits of providing replication code for both individual researchers and the broader scientific community, and explains why alternative methods of documenting the details of the research process fall short. The opinion piece concludes with concrete recommendations for how different groups in the scientific community can help make code sharing the norm in empirical research.

这篇观点文章认为，代码共享是研究透明度和正在进行的“可信度革命2.0”的关键组成部分，但尚未得到充分利用。它概述了为个体研究人员和更广泛的科学界提供复制代码的好处，并解释了为什么记录研究过程细节的替代方法不足。这篇评论文章最后给出了具体的建议，说明了科学界的不同团体如何帮助使代码共享成为实证研究中的规范。

引用次数: 0

Who prefers to buy improved period products in India? Evidence from list experiment 在印度，谁更喜欢买改良的经期产品？列表实验证据

IF 1.6 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102406

Olivia Sarkar , Arijita Dutta

In the backdrop of significantly high reporting of usage of hygienic period products by Indian women in different surveys including National Family Health Survey 5 (2019–21), the current paper attempts to elicit young married girls’ attitude towards spending on sanitary napkins. This might be important because menstrual management in low-and-medium-income countries are often shrouded by shame and sense of impurity, creating a background of Social Desirability Bias (SDB). This study employs List Experiment (LE) technique alongside direct questions in a survey of 1200 young women from Bihar and West Bengal to present a new measurement of preference for marketed sanitary product and detect SDB in reporting in direct question. The results show strong presence of SDB, particularly among women belonging to Islamic faith (32 %), general castes (30 %) and with more than primary education (31 %). Correlates of menstrual spending with true responses provide new insights into product choice, revealing that the motivation is driven more by the desire to conceal menstruation than hygiene concerns. Post-marital intra-household agency and access to open discussions about menstruation with all genders assume a crucial role in understanding the need for spending on period products, drawing policy highlights on inclusive IEC and initiatives to discard the menstrual disgrace.

在包括2019-21年全国家庭健康调查5 （National Family Health Survey 5）在内的不同调查中，印度妇女使用卫生用品的报告比例很高。在这种背景下，本论文试图引出年轻已婚女孩对卫生巾消费的态度。这一点可能很重要，因为在中低收入国家，经期管理往往被羞耻和不洁感所笼罩，形成了社会可取性偏见（SDB）的背景。本研究采用清单实验法（LE）结合直接提问法对来自比哈尔邦和西孟加拉邦的1200名年轻女性进行了调查，提出了一种新的对市场卫生产品偏好的测量方法，并在直接提问中检测了SDB。结果显示，SDB的存在感很强，特别是在伊斯兰教（32%）、一般种姓（30%）和小学以上教育程度（31%）的女性中。月经消费与真实反应的相关性为产品选择提供了新的见解，揭示了动机更多地是由隐藏月经的愿望驱动，而不是卫生问题。婚后家庭内部机构和与所有性别公开讨论月经问题的机会，在理解购买经期产品的需求方面发挥着至关重要的作用，并将政策重点放在包容性的信息、教育和宣传以及消除月经耻辱的举措上。

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引用次数: 0

The limited role of prosocial behavior in preventing others from being dishonest 亲社会行为在防止他人不诚实中的有限作用

IF 1.6 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102407

Štěpán Bahník, Petr Houdek, Marek Hudík, Nicolas Say

Honest individuals can strategically assume positions of power to prevent dishonest individuals from taking these positions. We conducted a laboratory experiment where participants were given two versions of an incentivized prediction task, one of which allowed cheating. Cheating on the task led a charity to lose endowed money. By introducing an auction for a limited spot in the cheating-enabling version, we examined whether honest participants bid in the auction to prevent dishonest participants from cheating and thereby harming the charity. We found that such behavior was rare, with at most 2.2 % of participants engaging in it. Furthermore, the size of the charity loss and the presence of information about cheating of others did not affect bidding in the auction and cheating in the task. The participants willing to pay for the cheating-enabling version of the task did so primarily for their own gain. The prosocial preferences of honest individuals are not strong enough to prevent dishonest individuals from seizing positions of power, and only a few honest individuals are prepared to combat dishonesty actively.

诚实的人可以战略性地担任权力职位，以防止不诚实的人获得这些职位。我们进行了一个实验室实验，给参与者两个版本的激励预测任务，其中一个允许作弊。在任务中作弊导致慈善机构损失了捐赠的资金。通过在允许作弊的版本中引入有限位置的拍卖，我们检查了诚实的参与者在拍卖中出价是否可以防止不诚实的参与者作弊，从而损害慈善事业。我们发现这种行为是罕见的，最多只有2.2%的参与者参与其中。此外，慈善损失的大小和关于他人作弊的信息的存在并不影响拍卖中的出价和任务中的作弊。参与者愿意为允许作弊的任务付费，主要是为了他们自己的利益。诚实个体的亲社会偏好不足以阻止不诚实个体获得权力，只有少数诚实个体准备积极地与不诚实行为作斗争。

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引用次数: 0

Incentivizing participation with full completion: The Power of self-selected rewards 以完全完成激励参与：自我选择奖励的力量

IF 1.6 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102409

Elif Incekara-Hafalir , Grace HY Lee , Erte Xiao

The attrition problem is a common challenge in longitudinal studies. We explore payment mechanisms aimed at increasing the number of participants who complete all tasks. Specifically, we investigate the impact of empowering participants with the option to self-select between a piece rate payment method, rewarding each task completed, and an all-or-nothing payment method, which grants full payment only if all assigned tasks are finished. Data from two longitudinal studies shows that the self-select payment mechanism attracts more participants to sign up. Importantly, participants are willing to choose the all-or-nothing incentive when given a choice and subsequently achieve a higher rate of completing all tasks compared to those who are randomly assigned to a payment method. Nonetheless, the higher completion rate is accompanied by a trade-off: the quality of task completion diminishes when participants select the all-or-nothing scheme. Our findings suggest that offering the all-or-nothing incentive as an option can effectively achieve a higher rate of full completion provided that adequate quality control measures are in place.

人员流失问题是纵向研究中一个常见的难题。我们探索了旨在增加完成所有任务的参与者数量的支付机制。具体地说，我们调查了授权参与者在一种计件工资方式（奖励每一项完成的任务）和一种全有或全无的支付方式（只有在所有分配的任务完成时才给予全额支付）之间进行自我选择的影响。两项纵向研究的数据显示，自主选择的支付机制吸引了更多的参与者注册。重要的是，当被给予选择时，参与者更愿意选择全有或全无的激励，并且与那些随机分配支付方式的人相比，他们随后完成所有任务的比例更高。然而，更高的完成率伴随着一种权衡：当参与者选择全有或全无方案时，任务完成的质量会降低。我们的研究结果表明，提供全有或全无的激励作为一种选择，可以有效地实现更高的完成率，前提是适当的质量控制措施到位。

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引用次数: 0

Extreme temperatures: Gender differences in well-being 极端温度：幸福感的性别差异

IF 1.6 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102405

Ignacio Belloc , José Ignacio Gimenez-Nadal , José Alberto Molina

This study examines how daily temperatures are related to individual well-being, using data from the American Time Use Survey. Results, derived from a flexible specification for daily temperatures that accounts for non-linear relationships between temperature and well-being and incorporates historical regional heterogeneity across counties, reveal gender-specific patterns at the upper tail of the temperature distribution. Men exhibit greater vulnerability to extreme hot days, experiencing fatigue and decreased meaningfulness on these days. These associations are particularly pronounced during market work episodes, suggesting a potential adverse relationship between extreme hot temperatures and productivity. The findings highlight the need for climate adaptation strategies that address these gender-specific vulnerabilities.

这项研究利用美国人时间使用调查的数据，研究了日常温度与个人幸福感的关系。研究结果来源于一种灵活的日温度规范，该规范考虑了温度与幸福感之间的非线性关系，并结合了不同国家之间的历史区域异质性，揭示了温度分布上端的性别特征模式。男性更容易受到极端炎热天气的影响，在这些天会感到疲劳，生活意义也会下降。这些关联在市场工作期间尤为明显，这表明极端高温与生产力之间存在潜在的不利关系。研究结果强调，需要制定气候适应战略，解决这些针对性别的脆弱性问题。

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全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

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