N. Sansó, L. Galiana, B. González, J. Sarmentero, Magdalena Reynes, Amparo Oliver, M. García-Toro
espanolEl objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la eficacia diferencial de dos intervenciones para mejorar la calidad de vida de profesionales de atencion primaria de Mallorca: un programa de reduccion del estres basado en mindfulness (MBSRt) y un entrenamiento en cultivo de la compasion (CCT). Participaron 50 profesionales, el 81% de los cuales eran mujeres. Se evaluo mindfulness, empatia, auto-compasion y calidad de vida profesional. Los resultados mostraron efectos estadisticamente significativos de los programas para la mejora del mindfulness, la empatia, la auto-compasion y la calidad de vida profesional, con un efecto diferencial sobre dos dimensiones del mindfulness, actuar con autoconciencia y no reaccionar a la experiencia interna y la dimension de burnout de la calidad de vida profesional, en todos los casos a favor del entrenamiento MBSR. El estudio concluye que este tipo de intervenciones es adecuado para la mejora de las variables senaladas, con mayor eficacia de los programas MBSR en este tipo de participantes. EnglishThe aim of the study was testing the differential effectiveness of two interventions to improve Majorcan primary care professionals’ quality of life: Mindful-Based Stress Reduction Training (MBSRT) and Compassion Cultivation Training (CCT). 50 professionals participated in the study; 81% were women. We evaluated mindfulness, empathy, self-compassion, and professional quality of life. Results showed statistically significant effects of the programs on the improvement of mindfulness, self-compassion, and professional quality of life, and differential effects on two dimensions of mindfulness, acting with awareness and non-reacting to inner experience, and on the dimension of burnout of the professional quality of life, in all the cases favoring the MBSRT group. The study concludes that this type of interventions is adequate to improve the aforementioned variables, with better efficacy of the MBSRT for this type of participants.
{"title":"Differential Effects of Two Contemplative Practice-based Programs for Health Care Professionals","authors":"N. Sansó, L. Galiana, B. González, J. Sarmentero, Magdalena Reynes, Amparo Oliver, M. García-Toro","doi":"10.5093/PI2019A12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/PI2019A12","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la eficacia diferencial de dos intervenciones para mejorar la calidad de vida de profesionales de atencion primaria de Mallorca: un programa de reduccion del estres basado en mindfulness (MBSRt) y un entrenamiento en cultivo de la compasion (CCT). Participaron 50 profesionales, el 81% de los cuales eran mujeres. Se evaluo mindfulness, empatia, auto-compasion y calidad de vida profesional. Los resultados mostraron efectos estadisticamente significativos de los programas para la mejora del mindfulness, la empatia, la auto-compasion y la calidad de vida profesional, con un efecto diferencial sobre dos dimensiones del mindfulness, actuar con autoconciencia y no reaccionar a la experiencia interna y la dimension de burnout de la calidad de vida profesional, en todos los casos a favor del entrenamiento MBSR. El estudio concluye que este tipo de intervenciones es adecuado para la mejora de las variables senaladas, con mayor eficacia de los programas MBSR en este tipo de participantes. EnglishThe aim of the study was testing the differential effectiveness of two interventions to improve Majorcan primary care professionals’ quality of life: Mindful-Based Stress Reduction Training (MBSRT) and Compassion Cultivation Training (CCT). 50 professionals participated in the study; 81% were women. We evaluated mindfulness, empathy, self-compassion, and professional quality of life. Results showed statistically significant effects of the programs on the improvement of mindfulness, self-compassion, and professional quality of life, and differential effects on two dimensions of mindfulness, acting with awareness and non-reacting to inner experience, and on the dimension of burnout of the professional quality of life, in all the cases favoring the MBSRT group. The study concludes that this type of interventions is adequate to improve the aforementioned variables, with better efficacy of the MBSRT for this type of participants.","PeriodicalId":51641,"journal":{"name":"Psychosocial Intervention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45431860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Lila, Manuel Martín-Fernández, E. Gracia, J. J. López-Ossorio, J. González
espanolLas estrategias para reducir la violencia contra la mujer en las relaciones de pareja pueden dirigirse a diferentes objetivos. Los programas de intervencion para agresores de pareja son uno de los principales acercamientos para su tratamiento. El resultado mas utilizado para la evaluacion de la efectividad de estos programas es la reincidencia. Los esfuerzos para incrementar la efectividad de los programas de intervencion para agresores de pareja en reducir la reincidencia deberian centrarse en las variables predictoras clave de este resultado. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los predictores clave de la reincidencia oficial a partir de un amplio conjunto de variables obtenidas a partir de una muestra de hombres participando por mandato judicial en un programa de intervencion para agresores de pareja (N = 393), con un periodo de seguimiento de entre 0 y 69 meses. Con este objetivo, se realizo un analisis de supervivencia utilizando cuatro conjuntos de variables: variables individuales, variables relacionales y contextuales, variables relativas a la violencia y variables relativas al proceso de intervencion. Para incluir simultaneamente todas las variables en el analisis, se estimo un modelo de regresion de Cox utilizando ALASSO (adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator). De un conjunto de ochenta y nueve variables, seis fueron seleccionadas como predictores clave: abandono del programa, riesgo de violencia futura contra otras personas, exposicion a violencia familiar, estatus de inmigrante, acumulacion de eventos vitales estresantes e ira rasgo. El area bajo la curva ROC (receiving operator characteristic) fue .808, indicando una buena prediccion del modelo. Los predictores clave de la reincidencia identificados en este estudio deberian ser considerados por los profesionales e investigadores en el ambito de la intervencion con agresores de pareja para mejorar sus estrategias de evaluacion e intervencion. Asimismo, se discuten las implicaciones practicas para futuras investigaciones. EnglishStrategies to reduce intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) can be targeted at different levels. Batterer intervention programs (BIPs) are among the main treatment approaches for IPVAW offenders. The most common outcome used in the evaluation of BIP effectiveness is recidivism. Efforts to increase BIP effectiveness in reducing recidivism should focus on key predictive variables of this outcome. The aim of this study was to identify key predictors of official recidivism from a large set of variables drawn from a sample of IPVAW offenders court-mandated to a community-based BIP (N = 393), with a follow-up period of between 0 and 69 months. To this end, a survival analysis was conducted using four sets of variables: individual-level, relational- and contextual-level, violence-related, and intervention process-related variables. To include all variables in the analysis simultaneously, a Cox regression model was estimated w
{"title":"Identifying Key Predictors of Recidivism among Offenders Attending a Batterer Intervention Program: A Survival Analysis","authors":"M. Lila, Manuel Martín-Fernández, E. Gracia, J. J. López-Ossorio, J. González","doi":"10.5093/pi2019a19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/pi2019a19","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLas estrategias para reducir la violencia contra la mujer en las relaciones de pareja pueden dirigirse a diferentes objetivos. Los programas de intervencion para agresores de pareja son uno de los principales acercamientos para su tratamiento. El resultado mas utilizado para la evaluacion de la efectividad de estos programas es la reincidencia. Los esfuerzos para incrementar la efectividad de los programas de intervencion para agresores de pareja en reducir la reincidencia deberian centrarse en las variables predictoras clave de este resultado. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los predictores clave de la reincidencia oficial a partir de un amplio conjunto de variables obtenidas a partir de una muestra de hombres participando por mandato judicial en un programa de intervencion para agresores de pareja (N = 393), con un periodo de seguimiento de entre 0 y 69 meses. Con este objetivo, se realizo un analisis de supervivencia utilizando cuatro conjuntos de variables: variables individuales, variables relacionales y contextuales, variables relativas a la violencia y variables relativas al proceso de intervencion. Para incluir simultaneamente todas las variables en el analisis, se estimo un modelo de regresion de Cox utilizando ALASSO (adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator). De un conjunto de ochenta y nueve variables, seis fueron seleccionadas como predictores clave: abandono del programa, riesgo de violencia futura contra otras personas, exposicion a violencia familiar, estatus de inmigrante, acumulacion de eventos vitales estresantes e ira rasgo. El area bajo la curva ROC (receiving operator characteristic) fue .808, indicando una buena prediccion del modelo. Los predictores clave de la reincidencia identificados en este estudio deberian ser considerados por los profesionales e investigadores en el ambito de la intervencion con agresores de pareja para mejorar sus estrategias de evaluacion e intervencion. Asimismo, se discuten las implicaciones practicas para futuras investigaciones. EnglishStrategies to reduce intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) can be targeted at different levels. Batterer intervention programs (BIPs) are among the main treatment approaches for IPVAW offenders. The most common outcome used in the evaluation of BIP effectiveness is recidivism. Efforts to increase BIP effectiveness in reducing recidivism should focus on key predictive variables of this outcome. The aim of this study was to identify key predictors of official recidivism from a large set of variables drawn from a sample of IPVAW offenders court-mandated to a community-based BIP (N = 393), with a follow-up period of between 0 and 69 months. To this end, a survival analysis was conducted using four sets of variables: individual-level, relational- and contextual-level, violence-related, and intervention process-related variables. To include all variables in the analysis simultaneously, a Cox regression model was estimated w","PeriodicalId":51641,"journal":{"name":"Psychosocial Intervention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46943052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Begoña Iranzo, S. Buelga, María-Jesús Cava, J. Ortega-Barón
El ciberacoso escolar suscita una creciente preocupacion social en la comunidad cientifica y en la sociedad en general. Las consecuencias del mismo en la victima son muy serias: se han encontrado numerosos indicadores de desajuste social, entre los cuales destaca la ideacion suicida. Desde esta perspectiva, el objetivo principal de este trabajo ha sido analizar las relaciones entre la cibervictimizacion y la ideacion suicida en adolescentes victimas de ciberacoso escolar a traves de las variables de desajuste psicosocial de soledad, sintomatologia depresiva, estres percibido y malestar psicologico. En esta investigacion participaron 1,062 adolescentes (547 chicos y 515 chicas), con un rango de edad que oscila entre los 12 y 18 anos (M = 14.51, DT = 1.62). El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales mostro que la cibervictimizacion se relaciona directa e indirectamente con la ideacion suicida. Las relaciones indirectas mostraron tener un efecto mas elevado sobre la ideacion suicida que los efectos directos de la cibervictimizacion. Se discute la relevancia de estos resultados para la investigacion cientifica, asi como sus implicaciones para futuros trabajos cientificos.
{"title":"Cyberbullying, Psychosocial Adjustment, and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescence","authors":"Begoña Iranzo, S. Buelga, María-Jesús Cava, J. Ortega-Barón","doi":"10.5093/PI2019A5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/PI2019A5","url":null,"abstract":"El ciberacoso escolar suscita una creciente preocupacion social en la comunidad cientifica y en la sociedad en general. Las consecuencias del mismo en la victima son muy serias: se han encontrado numerosos indicadores de desajuste social, entre los cuales destaca la ideacion suicida. Desde esta perspectiva, el objetivo principal de este trabajo ha sido analizar las relaciones entre la cibervictimizacion y la ideacion suicida en adolescentes victimas de ciberacoso escolar a traves de las variables de desajuste psicosocial de soledad, sintomatologia depresiva, estres percibido y malestar psicologico. En esta investigacion participaron 1,062 adolescentes (547 chicos y 515 chicas), con un rango de edad que oscila entre los 12 y 18 anos (M = 14.51, DT = 1.62). El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales mostro que la cibervictimizacion se relaciona directa e indirectamente con la ideacion suicida. Las relaciones indirectas mostraron tener un efecto mas elevado sobre la ideacion suicida que los efectos directos de la cibervictimizacion. Se discute la relevancia de estos resultados para la investigacion cientifica, asi como sus implicaciones para futuros trabajos cientificos.","PeriodicalId":51641,"journal":{"name":"Psychosocial Intervention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5093/PI2019A5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48983804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Study financed by the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) (PPG17/31) and by the Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness (PSI2017-90650-REDT). Correspondence:maite.garaigordobil@ehu.eus(M.Garaigordobil).
{"title":"Victimization and Perpetration of Bullying/Cyberbullying: Connections with Emotional and Behavioral Problems and Childhood Stress","authors":"Maite Garaigordobil, J. M. Machimbarrena","doi":"10.5093/PI2019A3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/PI2019A3","url":null,"abstract":"Study financed by the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) (PPG17/31) and by the Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness (PSI2017-90650-REDT). Correspondence:maite.garaigordobil@ehu.eus(M.Garaigordobil).","PeriodicalId":51641,"journal":{"name":"Psychosocial Intervention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45074617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Lavallee, Daragh Sheridan, P. Coffee, Pat G. Daly
Research has highlighted that drop-out from youth sport has emerged to become a global trend with drop-out rates exceeding 30% in some countries. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a change in perceived support on intentions to drop out from youth sport at the end of a social support intervention. A pre-intervention examination of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) in 2012 identified a 19.38% drop-out rate involving 3,491 participants between the ages of 12-16 years. A psychosocial intervention developed for the GAA called the Super Games Centre was delivered and evaluated over a 24-week period to 103 participants. The findings demonstrated that higher perceived available support was significantly associated with lower levels of intentions to drop out at the end of the intervention. Furthermore, social identity emerged as a significant mediating factor in explaining the association between changes in perceived support and intentions to drop out. A post-intervention examination in 2018 found that the GAA had established 95 Super Games Centres since 2015, and this has led to an increase in 7,012 new participants between the ages of 12-16 years. Future research and implications for social support intervention methodology are discussed.
{"title":"A Social Support Intervention to Reduce Intentions to Drop-out from Youth Sport: The GAA Super Games Centre","authors":"D. Lavallee, Daragh Sheridan, P. Coffee, Pat G. Daly","doi":"10.5093/PI2018A15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/PI2018A15","url":null,"abstract":"Research has highlighted that drop-out from youth sport has emerged to become a global trend with drop-out rates exceeding 30% in some countries. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a change in perceived support on intentions to drop out from youth sport at the end of a social support intervention. A pre-intervention examination of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) in 2012 identified a 19.38% drop-out rate involving 3,491 participants between the ages of 12-16 years. A psychosocial intervention developed for the GAA called the Super Games Centre was delivered and evaluated over a 24-week period to 103 participants. The findings demonstrated that higher perceived available support was significantly associated with lower levels of intentions to drop out at the end of the intervention. Furthermore, social identity emerged as a significant mediating factor in explaining the association between changes in perceived support and intentions to drop out. A post-intervention examination in 2018 found that the GAA had established 95 Super Games Centres since 2015, and this has led to an increase in 7,012 new participants between the ages of 12-16 years. Future research and implications for social support intervention methodology are discussed.","PeriodicalId":51641,"journal":{"name":"Psychosocial Intervention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46594594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study is to evaluate the results of “Limits”, a parenting training program which was implemented in a juvenile justice service by professionals from the Department of Justice. A controlled before and after design was undertaken to measure the effects of the program on the use of parental practices and parents’ perception of self-efficacy. Fifty-nine families with adolescents involved in the juvenile justice system participated either in an intervention group (n = 42 families) or in a waiting list group (n = 17 families). In order to triangulate the information, professionals and the target adolescents were also asked about the improvement of the parents in their parenting practices. A generalized linear model was used to compare the intervention and comparison groups. The findings demonstrate that the program had a positive impact on the intervention group with regards to the transfer of practices to their real life, especially those related to communication and family relationships. However, no significant changes were observed in parents’ perception of self-efficacy. The results are geared towards the improvement of future research evaluations using longitudinal designs.
{"title":"Evaluation of a Parenting Training Program, “Limits”, in a Juvenile Justice Service: Results and Challenges","authors":"M. Martínez-Muñoz, L. Arnau, M. Sabaté","doi":"10.5093/PI2018A14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/PI2018A14","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to evaluate the results of “Limits”, a parenting training program which was implemented in a juvenile justice service by professionals from the Department of Justice. A controlled before and after design was undertaken to measure the effects of the program on the use of parental practices and parents’ perception of self-efficacy. Fifty-nine families with adolescents involved in the juvenile justice system participated either in an intervention group (n = 42 families) or in a waiting list group (n = 17 families). In order to triangulate the information, professionals and the target adolescents were also asked about the improvement of the parents in their parenting practices. A generalized linear model was used to compare the intervention and comparison groups. The findings demonstrate that the program had a positive impact on the intervention group with regards to the transfer of practices to their real life, especially those related to communication and family relationships. However, no significant changes were observed in parents’ perception of self-efficacy. The results are geared towards the improvement of future research evaluations using longitudinal designs.","PeriodicalId":51641,"journal":{"name":"Psychosocial Intervention","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42797549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The global economic crisis of the previous decade has accelerated internal mobility in the European Union. The main objective was to analyse perceived stress and mental health among Spanish immigrants and non-immigrants, as well as gender differences, and to examine the mediation role of perceived stress in the relationship between migration protective factors and mental health. A convenience sample (N = 941) was obtained by snowball sampling, contacting with social networks during 2014 and 2015. Spanish immigrants (n = 719) living in Germany or United Kingdom and non-immigrants (n = 222) living in Spain answered an online survey with a questionnaire about socio-demographic and migration variables (immigrants) as well as PSS-14 and GQH-28. The low level of perceived stress and mental health symptoms found were similar in Spanish immigrants and non-immigrants. Women immigrants presented slightly higher rates of prevalence of somatisation and anxiety/insomnia and higher perceived stress. A parsimonious structural equation model with two protective migration factors was obtained (R2 = .58), which had direct and indirect effects on mental health through perceived stress. The migration process was not related to poorer mental health in the European context, and gender differences were small. These findings could be explained by the privileged migration conditions of Spanish immigrants.
{"title":"Mental Health of Spanish Immigrants in Germany and the UK in Comparison to Non-Immigrants and Migration Protective Factors","authors":"E. Elgorriaga, Izaskun Ibabe, Ainara Arnoso","doi":"10.5093/PI2018A16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/PI2018A16","url":null,"abstract":"The global economic crisis of the previous decade has accelerated internal mobility in the European Union. The main objective was to analyse perceived stress and mental health among Spanish immigrants and non-immigrants, as well as gender differences, and to examine the mediation role of perceived stress in the relationship between migration protective factors and mental health. A convenience sample (N = 941) was obtained by snowball sampling, contacting with social networks during 2014 and 2015. Spanish immigrants (n = 719) living in Germany or United Kingdom and non-immigrants (n = 222) living in Spain answered an online survey with a questionnaire about socio-demographic and migration variables (immigrants) as well as PSS-14 and GQH-28. The low level of perceived stress and mental health symptoms found were similar in Spanish immigrants and non-immigrants. Women immigrants presented slightly higher rates of prevalence of somatisation and anxiety/insomnia and higher perceived stress. A parsimonious structural equation model with two protective migration factors was obtained (R2 = .58), which had direct and indirect effects on mental health through perceived stress. The migration process was not related to poorer mental health in the European context, and gender differences were small. These findings could be explained by the privileged migration conditions of Spanish immigrants.","PeriodicalId":51641,"journal":{"name":"Psychosocial Intervention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46287045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisco García-Bacete, Ghislaine Marande-Perrin, Barry Schneider, A. Cillessen
Lack of awareness of one’s negative social reputation is linked to aggressive behavior among older school-age children. The present study extends this research to the first year of elementary school. The first goal was to compare generalized and dyadic perspectives in studying discrepancies between children’s actual and perceived rejection. The second goal was to determine whether discrepancies between actual and perceived rejection are related to sociometric status. The third goal was to examine whether discrepancies between actual and perceived rejection are related to aggressive behaviors at school. Actual peer rejection was measured with peer negative nominations, perceived peer rejection with students’ self-ratings and meta-perceptions, and aggressive behavior with teacher ratings. The discrepancies between actual and self-perceived rejection were substantial in the total sample. Furthermore, non-rejected children had higher scores than rejected children in dyadic overestimation (identifying peers who they believed disliked them but did not), while it was the reverse for dyadic underestimation (not identifying peers who in fact disliked them). High levels of dyadic underestimation were negatively associated with the concurrent aggressive behavior. Rejected children’s underestimation of their peer rejection appeared to have protective effects on antisocial and aggressive problems. Findings are discussed in terms of theories of symbolic interactionism and social information processing.
{"title":"Children’s Awareness of Peer Rejection and Teacher Reports of Aggressive Behavior","authors":"Francisco García-Bacete, Ghislaine Marande-Perrin, Barry Schneider, A. Cillessen","doi":"10.5093/PI2018A25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/PI2018A25","url":null,"abstract":"Lack of awareness of one’s negative social reputation is linked to aggressive behavior among older school-age children. The present study extends this research to the first year of elementary school. The first goal was to compare generalized and dyadic perspectives in studying discrepancies between children’s actual and perceived rejection. The second goal was to determine whether discrepancies between actual and perceived rejection are related to sociometric status. The third goal was to examine whether discrepancies between actual and perceived rejection are related to aggressive behaviors at school. Actual peer rejection was measured with peer negative nominations, perceived peer rejection with students’ self-ratings and meta-perceptions, and aggressive behavior with teacher ratings. The discrepancies between actual and self-perceived rejection were substantial in the total sample. Furthermore, non-rejected children had higher scores than rejected children in dyadic overestimation (identifying peers who they believed disliked them but did not), while it was the reverse for dyadic underestimation (not identifying peers who in fact disliked them). High levels of dyadic underestimation were negatively associated with the concurrent aggressive behavior. Rejected children’s underestimation of their peer rejection appeared to have protective effects on antisocial and aggressive problems. Findings are discussed in terms of theories of symbolic interactionism and social information processing.","PeriodicalId":51641,"journal":{"name":"Psychosocial Intervention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45245496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alfredo Oliva Delgado, Lucía Antolín Suárez, A. Meirinhos
espanolEste estudio explora las tendencias evolutivas en el autocontrol y su relacion con el desajuste psicologico en adolescentes y jovenes adultos. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 1,600 adolescentes y jovenes adultos espanoles de entre 12 y 34 anos (M = 22.28, DT = 6.94) seleccionados aleatoriamente. Se administraron medidas de autocontrol, adiccion a internet y sintomas de ansiedad-depresion. El sexo y la edad fueron utilizados como variables de control. Los resultados indicaron que los adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre los 15 y 19 anos mostraron las puntuaciones mas bajas en autocontrol, mientras que los participantes de mas edad puntuaron mas alto. Puntuaciones bajas en autocontrol estuvieron significativamente asociadas con mayor consumo de sustancias, mas sintomas de ansiedad-depresion y puntuaciones mas elevadas en la escala de adiccion a internet. Ademas, los participantes con puntuaciones mas altas en la escala de adiccion puntuaron mas bajo en autocontrol. Estos resultados evidencian las relaciones entre el autocontrol y algunos problemas emocionales y conductuales y sugieren la importancia de promover el autocontrol para prevenir la adiccion a internet, el consumo de sustancias y los problemas de ansiedad-depresion en adolescentes y jovenes adultos. EnglishThis study explores the relationships of self-control with age and psychological maladjustment in adolescents and young adults. The sample consisted of 1,600 randomly selected Spanish adolescents and young adults, aged 12-34 years (M = 22.28, SD = 6.94). Measures of self-control, Internet addiction, and anxiety-depressive symptoms were administered. Control variables included age and sex. Results indicated that adolescents between 15 and 19 years old showed the lowest self-control scores, while older participants showed greater scores. Low scores in self-control were significantly associated with greater substance consumption, more anxiety-depression symptoms, and higher scores on the Internet addiction scale. Also, participants with high scores on the addiction scale scored lower on self-control. These results evidence associations between self-control and some emotional-behavioral problems, and suggest the importance of promoting self-control to prevent Internet addiction, substance consumption, and anxiety-depression in adolescents and young adults.
{"title":"Uncovering the Link between Self-control, Age, and Psychological Maladjustment among Spanish Adolescents and Young Adults","authors":"Alfredo Oliva Delgado, Lucía Antolín Suárez, A. Meirinhos","doi":"10.5093/PI2019A1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/PI2019A1","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEste estudio explora las tendencias evolutivas en el autocontrol y su relacion con el desajuste psicologico en adolescentes y jovenes adultos. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 1,600 adolescentes y jovenes adultos espanoles de entre 12 y 34 anos (M = 22.28, DT = 6.94) seleccionados aleatoriamente. Se administraron medidas de autocontrol, adiccion a internet y sintomas de ansiedad-depresion. El sexo y la edad fueron utilizados como variables de control. Los resultados indicaron que los adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre los 15 y 19 anos mostraron las puntuaciones mas bajas en autocontrol, mientras que los participantes de mas edad puntuaron mas alto. Puntuaciones bajas en autocontrol estuvieron significativamente asociadas con mayor consumo de sustancias, mas sintomas de ansiedad-depresion y puntuaciones mas elevadas en la escala de adiccion a internet. Ademas, los participantes con puntuaciones mas altas en la escala de adiccion puntuaron mas bajo en autocontrol. Estos resultados evidencian las relaciones entre el autocontrol y algunos problemas emocionales y conductuales y sugieren la importancia de promover el autocontrol para prevenir la adiccion a internet, el consumo de sustancias y los problemas de ansiedad-depresion en adolescentes y jovenes adultos. EnglishThis study explores the relationships of self-control with age and psychological maladjustment in adolescents and young adults. The sample consisted of 1,600 randomly selected Spanish adolescents and young adults, aged 12-34 years (M = 22.28, SD = 6.94). Measures of self-control, Internet addiction, and anxiety-depressive symptoms were administered. Control variables included age and sex. Results indicated that adolescents between 15 and 19 years old showed the lowest self-control scores, while older participants showed greater scores. Low scores in self-control were significantly associated with greater substance consumption, more anxiety-depression symptoms, and higher scores on the Internet addiction scale. Also, participants with high scores on the addiction scale scored lower on self-control. These results evidence associations between self-control and some emotional-behavioral problems, and suggest the importance of promoting self-control to prevent Internet addiction, substance consumption, and anxiety-depression in adolescents and young adults.","PeriodicalId":51641,"journal":{"name":"Psychosocial Intervention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46244122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Vilariño, Bárbara G. Amado, M. J. Vázquez, R. Arce
Victimization of a crime is defined in terms of the physical and psychological injury sustained by the victim. A field study was designed with women victims of intimate partner violence (WVs-IPV) to assess the epidemiology of injury in mental health markers and to quantify injury by combining the analysis of the population of WVs-IPV (difference in means) with clinical cases (clinical significance). A total of 50 WVs-IPV, of both physical and psychological violence as confirmed by unappealable legal judgements, voluntarily responded to the SCL-90-R. The results showed WVs-IPV informed of more clinical symptoms in all of the clinical dimensions measured (i.e., somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism), and of higher scores in the distress indexes (i.e., GSI, PST, PSDI). These results were generalizable to other samples of the WVs-IPV population, but not all. The mean injury was 53% in depression and obsession-compulsion, 48% in anxiety, 45% in interpersonal sensitivity, 44% in phobic anxiety, 43% in paranoid ideation, 38% in psychoticism, 36% in somatization, and 20% in hostility; and 48%, 45%, and 43% in the GSI, PST, and PSDI distress indexes, respectively. Moreover, the study of cases in victims found a significant rate of clinical cases (clinical significance) in all of the dimensions and distress indexes. The results were also generalizable to other studies in the same population. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for both clinical and forensic evaluation.
{"title":"Psychological Harm in Women Victims of Intimate Partner Violence: Epidemiology and Quantification of Injury in Mental Health Markers","authors":"M. Vilariño, Bárbara G. Amado, M. J. Vázquez, R. Arce","doi":"10.5093/PI2018A23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/PI2018A23","url":null,"abstract":"Victimization of a crime is defined in terms of the physical and psychological injury sustained by the victim. A field study was designed with women victims of intimate partner violence (WVs-IPV) to assess the epidemiology of injury in mental health markers and to quantify injury by combining the analysis of the population of WVs-IPV (difference in means) with clinical cases (clinical significance). A total of 50 WVs-IPV, of both physical and psychological violence as confirmed by unappealable legal judgements, voluntarily responded to the SCL-90-R. The results showed WVs-IPV informed of more clinical symptoms in all of the clinical dimensions measured (i.e., somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism), and of higher scores in the distress indexes (i.e., GSI, PST, PSDI). These results were generalizable to other samples of the WVs-IPV population, but not all. The mean injury was 53% in depression and obsession-compulsion, 48% in anxiety, 45% in interpersonal sensitivity, 44% in phobic anxiety, 43% in paranoid ideation, 38% in psychoticism, 36% in somatization, and 20% in hostility; and 48%, 45%, and 43% in the GSI, PST, and PSDI distress indexes, respectively. Moreover, the study of cases in victims found a significant rate of clinical cases (clinical significance) in all of the dimensions and distress indexes. The results were also generalizable to other studies in the same population. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for both clinical and forensic evaluation.","PeriodicalId":51641,"journal":{"name":"Psychosocial Intervention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45663059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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