Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-1/1
Nicolás Gonzálvez-Gallego, María Concepción Pérez-Cárceles
. Cryptocurrencies are an increasing concern for national governments and international institutions. Anonymity, real-time transactions, together with the lack of intermediaries and control from financial and economic authorities make them appealing to criminals. Despite of the global efforts for standardizing the approach to cryptocurrencies, there are several risks identified and the way governments are facing them is not uniform. This paper analyzes the relation between goodness of governance and the use of cryptocurrencies on a sample of 33 countries. The results confirm that goodness of governance, by itself, dissuades people from holding and using cryptocurrencies. Additionally, our findings show that this effect relies on different governance factors, depending on how extended the use of cryptocurrencies is.
{"title":"Does goodness of governance dissuade citizens from using cryptocurrencies?","authors":"Nicolás Gonzálvez-Gallego, María Concepción Pérez-Cárceles","doi":"10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-1/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-1/1","url":null,"abstract":". Cryptocurrencies are an increasing concern for national governments and international institutions. Anonymity, real-time transactions, together with the lack of intermediaries and control from financial and economic authorities make them appealing to criminals. Despite of the global efforts for standardizing the approach to cryptocurrencies, there are several risks identified and the way governments are facing them is not uniform. This paper analyzes the relation between goodness of governance and the use of cryptocurrencies on a sample of 33 countries. The results confirm that goodness of governance, by itself, dissuades people from holding and using cryptocurrencies. Additionally, our findings show that this effect relies on different governance factors, depending on how extended the use of cryptocurrencies is.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41752230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/3
Dana Egerová
This study explores the expectations that Millennial job seekers have regarding their future employment as the economic situation changes This study also explores to what extent companies in Czech Republic respond to these expectations The theoretical framework guiding this study is the anticipatory psychological contract (APC) A mixed-method research design is employed using the Delphi method to investigate the expectations of final-year business university students and a content analysis of companies' profiles The research was conducted in Czech Republic in the academic year 2018/2019 The results indicate that business students give the highest importance to the factors such as career development, financial reward and work-life balance when searching for an employer Furthermore, the findings show that companies only partially respond to student expectations and meet them insufficiently, as indicated by their company profiles The study contributes to the literature on anticipatory psychological contracts by using APC dimensions as a relevant framework to assess the fulfilment of Millennials' workplace expectations Moreover, the study provides useful information for companies, HR managers, and recruitment specialists to design and implement effective recruiting strategies
{"title":"Millennial job seekers' expectations: How do companies respond?","authors":"Dana Egerová","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/3","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the expectations that Millennial job seekers have regarding their future employment as the economic situation changes This study also explores to what extent companies in Czech Republic respond to these expectations The theoretical framework guiding this study is the anticipatory psychological contract (APC) A mixed-method research design is employed using the Delphi method to investigate the expectations of final-year business university students and a content analysis of companies' profiles The research was conducted in Czech Republic in the academic year 2018/2019 The results indicate that business students give the highest importance to the factors such as career development, financial reward and work-life balance when searching for an employer Furthermore, the findings show that companies only partially respond to student expectations and meet them insufficiently, as indicated by their company profiles The study contributes to the literature on anticipatory psychological contracts by using APC dimensions as a relevant framework to assess the fulfilment of Millennials' workplace expectations Moreover, the study provides useful information for companies, HR managers, and recruitment specialists to design and implement effective recruiting strategies","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47368987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-1/10
V. Vučković, L. Škuflić
. The paper brings the analysis of the emigration effects on financial and political sustainability of pension systems in 11 new European Union member states: Bulgaria, Estonia, Croatia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovak Republic, Czech Republic, Slovenia and Hungary. The panel data analysis (fixed effects model) covers the crisis and post-crisis period from 2008 to 2017. The obtained results show that emigration growth is positively related to the pension expenditures (expressed as a share in GDP), thus having a negative impact on financial sustainability of pension system. On the other side, the emigration effect on social sustainability of pension system which is encompassed by the median relative income (65+) is not statistically significant. However, through including other socio-economic and political factors in econometric models besides the emigration (e.g. unemployment rate, education, political cycles, old-age dependency ratio, replacement ratio), the results have confirmed that there is a trade-off between the two goals of pension policies, i.e. between financial and political sustainability of pension system.
{"title":"The effect of emigration on financial and social pension system sustainability in EU new member states: Panel data analysis","authors":"V. Vučković, L. Škuflić","doi":"10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-1/10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-1/10","url":null,"abstract":". The paper brings the analysis of the emigration effects on financial and political sustainability of pension systems in 11 new European Union member states: Bulgaria, Estonia, Croatia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovak Republic, Czech Republic, Slovenia and Hungary. The panel data analysis (fixed effects model) covers the crisis and post-crisis period from 2008 to 2017. The obtained results show that emigration growth is positively related to the pension expenditures (expressed as a share in GDP), thus having a negative impact on financial sustainability of pension system. On the other side, the emigration effect on social sustainability of pension system which is encompassed by the median relative income (65+) is not statistically significant. However, through including other socio-economic and political factors in econometric models besides the emigration (e.g. unemployment rate, education, political cycles, old-age dependency ratio, replacement ratio), the results have confirmed that there is a trade-off between the two goals of pension policies, i.e. between financial and political sustainability of pension system.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66949715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/16
L. Vagner, K. Valaskova, P. Durana, G. Lazaroiu
DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2021/14-1/16 ABSTRACT. This research paper aims to analyse the keywords related to earnings management issues and then to focus on their evolution and changes in decades – from 1988, when the first publication about this issue appeared in the Web of Science, to the present. When examining literature concerning the analysis of keywords and their development using bibliometric analysis, a similar publication was not found. Therefore, it is an original and exciting publication that clarifies the work with the keywords on the selected topic and strictly within the articles available in the Web of Science database. In total, 1.547 articles on earnings management were analysed. The authors used analysis to assess individual articles, synthesis – to link context, statistical procedures – to select the keywords using the functions available in Excel, and VOS viewer to present visually the results of the analysed keywords. At the same time, this division allowed monitoring changes before and after the global financial crisis. The changes were most influenced by global trends and overall publication growth in the world. The only term most commonly associated with earnings management in all the periods is accruals. By demonstrating the formation of the terms used, the determined goal – to find out a significant change in the development of the keywords within the earnings management in the time horizon – was met. In the future, it would be interesting to follow developments in the coming years of the decade and to see changes in the use of earnings management influenced by the recent global events.
DOI: 10.14254 / 2071789 x。2021/14-1/16抽象。本研究论文旨在分析与盈余管理问题相关的关键词，然后关注它们在几十年来的演变和变化——从1988年关于这个问题的第一次出版物出现在科学网络上，到现在。当使用文献计量学分析检查有关关键词分析及其发展的文献时，没有发现类似的出版物。因此，这是一份原创的、令人兴奋的出版物，它明确了选定主题的关键字，并严格限制在Web of Science数据库中可用的文章中。总共分析了1.547篇关于盈余管理的文章。作者使用分析来评估单个文章，综合-链接上下文，统计程序-使用Excel中可用的功能选择关键字，VOS查看器直观地呈现分析关键字的结果。与此同时，这一分工使我们能够监测全球金融危机前后的变化。这些变化受全球趋势和全球总体出版物增长的影响最大。所有期间与盈余管理最常相关的唯一术语是应计项目。通过展示所使用的术语的形成，确定的目标——在时间范围内发现盈余管理中关键字发展的重大变化——得到了满足。在未来的十年中，关注未来几年的发展，观察受最近全球事件影响的盈余管理使用的变化，将是一件有趣的事情。
{"title":"Earnings management: A bibliometric analysis","authors":"L. Vagner, K. Valaskova, P. Durana, G. Lazaroiu","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/16","url":null,"abstract":"DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2021/14-1/16 ABSTRACT. This research paper aims to analyse the keywords related to earnings management issues and then to focus on their evolution and changes in decades – from 1988, when the first publication about this issue appeared in the Web of Science, to the present. When examining literature concerning the analysis of keywords and their development using bibliometric analysis, a similar publication was not found. Therefore, it is an original and exciting publication that clarifies the work with the keywords on the selected topic and strictly within the articles available in the Web of Science database. In total, 1.547 articles on earnings management were analysed. The authors used analysis to assess individual articles, synthesis – to link context, statistical procedures – to select the keywords using the functions available in Excel, and VOS viewer to present visually the results of the analysed keywords. At the same time, this division allowed monitoring changes before and after the global financial crisis. The changes were most influenced by global trends and overall publication growth in the world. The only term most commonly associated with earnings management in all the periods is accruals. By demonstrating the formation of the terms used, the determined goal – to find out a significant change in the development of the keywords within the earnings management in the time horizon – was met. In the future, it would be interesting to follow developments in the coming years of the decade and to see changes in the use of earnings management influenced by the recent global events.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66949917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/8
Jehona Shkodra, Prespa Ymeri, Lindita Ibishi
. Microfinance institutions (MFIs) are the only door of assistance to low-income people and businesses with poor financial performance. Women also fall into this category, as most of them have low incomes and the only way to ensure their own and their families' well-being is to start a business. Given the many criteria of commercial banks, for women entrepreneurs MFIs are often the only option of financial lending. The extent to which MFIs have influenced the development of women businesses in Kosovo will be understood from the research conducted with 200 women entrepreneurs in Kosovo. Interviews were carried out face to face with the PAPI (pencil and paper interview) survey methodology used during April–June, 2019. The data obtained from the survey has been then processed in statistical software SPSS 21.0 The research applies three econometric models to identify the effects of MFI loans on the success of women businesses. The success of women enterprises is assessed using three performance measurements: fixed assets, income and household expenditures. The results of this study explain that loans from MFIs effect performance of women’s businesses in positive way using fixed assets, income and household
{"title":"Role of microfinance institutions for developing women entrepreneurship – the case study of Kosovo","authors":"Jehona Shkodra, Prespa Ymeri, Lindita Ibishi","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/8","url":null,"abstract":". Microfinance institutions (MFIs) are the only door of assistance to low-income people and businesses with poor financial performance. Women also fall into this category, as most of them have low incomes and the only way to ensure their own and their families' well-being is to start a business. Given the many criteria of commercial banks, for women entrepreneurs MFIs are often the only option of financial lending. The extent to which MFIs have influenced the development of women businesses in Kosovo will be understood from the research conducted with 200 women entrepreneurs in Kosovo. Interviews were carried out face to face with the PAPI (pencil and paper interview) survey methodology used during April–June, 2019. The data obtained from the survey has been then processed in statistical software SPSS 21.0 The research applies three econometric models to identify the effects of MFI loans on the success of women businesses. The success of women enterprises is assessed using three performance measurements: fixed assets, income and household expenditures. The results of this study explain that loans from MFIs effect performance of women’s businesses in positive way using fixed assets, income and household","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66950414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/14
A. Balcerak, J. Woźniak
. If human resource management (HRM) tools based on information technologies (ICT) are to support organizational effectiveness, it is imperative that these tools are accepted by employees. Knowledge concerning how ICT-based selection tools are perceived by potential employees is limited, which was the impulse for this research. A standard methodology for studies into fairness assessment of recruitment tools was followed here. Descriptions were prepared for five new ICT-based selection tools (long-distance synchronic interview; game results and analysis of candidates’ behaviour while playing a computer game; gathering information over the internet in the form of content-based analytics and structure-based analytics). Data from 833 Polish candidates collected using an e-questionnaire showed that fairness assessment for the five new selection tools is lower than for their traditional counterparts, i.e., interview, work samples, references and biodata questionnaire. It was also shown that the internet experience — measured by frequency of its use — and belonging to a younger generation do not significantly affect higher acceptance of ICT-based methods. The article indicates what kinds of activities may be undertaken to increase this acceptance.
{"title":"Reactions to some ICT-based personnel selection tools","authors":"A. Balcerak, J. Woźniak","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/14","url":null,"abstract":". If human resource management (HRM) tools based on information technologies (ICT) are to support organizational effectiveness, it is imperative that these tools are accepted by employees. Knowledge concerning how ICT-based selection tools are perceived by potential employees is limited, which was the impulse for this research. A standard methodology for studies into fairness assessment of recruitment tools was followed here. Descriptions were prepared for five new ICT-based selection tools (long-distance synchronic interview; game results and analysis of candidates’ behaviour while playing a computer game; gathering information over the internet in the form of content-based analytics and structure-based analytics). Data from 833 Polish candidates collected using an e-questionnaire showed that fairness assessment for the five new selection tools is lower than for their traditional counterparts, i.e., interview, work samples, references and biodata questionnaire. It was also shown that the internet experience — measured by frequency of its use — and belonging to a younger generation do not significantly affect higher acceptance of ICT-based methods. The article indicates what kinds of activities may be undertaken to increase this acceptance.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66950137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/5
N. Vasylieva, H. James
. Because urbanization is an inevitable process accompanying economic growth, this research specifies impacts of urbanization on food security and agricultural sustainability, with a particular focus on Ukraine. Using methodological fundamentals of econometrics and divisive hierarchical clustering, the analysis depicts country features, world patterns, and notable examples of implementing food security and sustainable agricultural development. Data come from the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, the World Bank Data, and State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Polynomial regressions show gradual sustainable agricultural development in Ukraine driven by domestic urbanization from 1996 to 2018. The analysis identifies country standing among 186 states distributed into four major world clusters of the pruned binary tree and evaluated through urbanization and securing food availability and affordability. The findings from comparative profiles of selected leading countries determine prospects of Ukrainian urban market size, crop farming and animal husbandry, food production per capita, employment in agriculture, and share in GDP, both within and beyond the EU. Matching at a country level reconciles urbanization with providing food security and economic, environmental, and social components of agricultural sustainability.
{"title":"The effect of urbanization on food security and agricultural sustainability","authors":"N. Vasylieva, H. James","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/5","url":null,"abstract":". Because urbanization is an inevitable process accompanying economic growth, this research specifies impacts of urbanization on food security and agricultural sustainability, with a particular focus on Ukraine. Using methodological fundamentals of econometrics and divisive hierarchical clustering, the analysis depicts country features, world patterns, and notable examples of implementing food security and sustainable agricultural development. Data come from the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, the World Bank Data, and State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Polynomial regressions show gradual sustainable agricultural development in Ukraine driven by domestic urbanization from 1996 to 2018. The analysis identifies country standing among 186 states distributed into four major world clusters of the pruned binary tree and evaluated through urbanization and securing food availability and affordability. The findings from comparative profiles of selected leading countries determine prospects of Ukrainian urban market size, crop farming and animal husbandry, food production per capita, employment in agriculture, and share in GDP, both within and beyond the EU. Matching at a country level reconciles urbanization with providing food security and economic, environmental, and social components of agricultural sustainability.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66950189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/12
A. Lewandowska, M. Stopa, E. Inglot-Brzęk
DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2021/14-2/12 ABSTRACT. The subject of the article was derived from the learning region theory. The assumption was made that through cooperation of various entities conditions are created conducive to the development of knowledge, entrepreneurship and innovation in regions. The objective is to present the issues of entrepreneurship and innovation as the endogenous factors of regional development in the Podkarpackie region. Empirical conclusions presented in this article come from the research conducted back in 2010-2016. The study is based on the data drawn from CATI carried out among SMEs and qualitative in-depth interviews with “innovation leaders”. The results show an important element in the incompatibility between SMEs’ investment strategies and the institutional environments that should support SMEs in action and planning. There is an incompatibility between the statistical and the empirical approaches to innovation. Based on the results of the empirical research, we conclude that regional policy, concentrated on only the statistical approach to the subject of entrepreneurship and innovation, is doomed to failure. It should include an empirical (qualitative) approach and the regional specificity, especially within peripheral regions.
{"title":"Innovativeness and entrepreneurship: socioeconomic remarks on regional development in peripheral regions","authors":"A. Lewandowska, M. Stopa, E. Inglot-Brzęk","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/12","url":null,"abstract":"DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2021/14-2/12 ABSTRACT. The subject of the article was derived from the learning region theory. The assumption was made that through cooperation of various entities conditions are created conducive to the development of knowledge, entrepreneurship and innovation in regions. The objective is to present the issues of entrepreneurship and innovation as the endogenous factors of regional development in the Podkarpackie region. Empirical conclusions presented in this article come from the research conducted back in 2010-2016. The study is based on the data drawn from CATI carried out among SMEs and qualitative in-depth interviews with “innovation leaders”. The results show an important element in the incompatibility between SMEs’ investment strategies and the institutional environments that should support SMEs in action and planning. There is an incompatibility between the statistical and the empirical approaches to innovation. Based on the results of the empirical research, we conclude that regional policy, concentrated on only the statistical approach to the subject of entrepreneurship and innovation, is doomed to failure. It should include an empirical (qualitative) approach and the regional specificity, especially within peripheral regions.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66950549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/15
S. Zsarnóczai, J. Popp, J. Bélas, Sándor Kovács
. The objective of this research is to provide a case study in the field of ambitious agricultural and rural development programmes of four neighbouring EU member states, namely Czechia, Italy, Hungary, Austria. The efficient agricultural production and compensation for employees strengthen the income conditions of the rural population in the selected countries, which can give insights into the impact of rural population support for a sustainable and competitive agricultural sector for other countries. The traditional developing trends of their agricultural sectors and food production with similar agricultural economic features make the comparison of these countries possible. This analysis focuses on the main economic indicators of the most important role in keeping the rural population in its original places accompanied by sustainable development.
{"title":"Developments in the income situation of the agricultural sector in selected the EU member states","authors":"S. Zsarnóczai, J. Popp, J. Bélas, Sándor Kovács","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/15","url":null,"abstract":". The objective of this research is to provide a case study in the field of ambitious agricultural and rural development programmes of four neighbouring EU member states, namely Czechia, Italy, Hungary, Austria. The efficient agricultural production and compensation for employees strengthen the income conditions of the rural population in the selected countries, which can give insights into the impact of rural population support for a sustainable and competitive agricultural sector for other countries. The traditional developing trends of their agricultural sectors and food production with similar agricultural economic features make the comparison of these countries possible. This analysis focuses on the main economic indicators of the most important role in keeping the rural population in its original places accompanied by sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66949785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/4
Hajnalka Fényes, M. Mohácsi, Katalin Pallay
. In this paper, we examine higher education students’ motivations to continue their studies in higher education and their commitment to graduation based on a survey (N=2,199), conducted in 2018 and 2019 in five countries of the Central and Eastern Europe. According to our hypothesis, career-conscious students take into account primarily the predictions of the human capital theory with respect to further studies (e.g., well-paying job, holding a prestigious profession). Additionally, they are also more committed to graduating (they are more persistent) than other students. Based on the principal component analysis of motivations for further study and persistence indicators, we find that career consciousness and persistence are positively correlated. Through regression analysis, we also show that males are less career-conscious and less persistent than females. In addition, the results imply that even socially advantaged students might not all be career-conscious and persistent. Students whose tuition is paid for by the state can also be poorly motivated and may lack career consciousness. As regards the field of study, students in Humanities are not likely to be career-conscious, while the risk of attrition is present among those who study Economics, Business, or Sciences. This highlights the need for an educational policy intervention.
{"title":"Career consciousness and commitment to graduation among higher education students in Central and Eastern Europe","authors":"Hajnalka Fényes, M. Mohácsi, Katalin Pallay","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-1/4","url":null,"abstract":". In this paper, we examine higher education students’ motivations to continue their studies in higher education and their commitment to graduation based on a survey (N=2,199), conducted in 2018 and 2019 in five countries of the Central and Eastern Europe. According to our hypothesis, career-conscious students take into account primarily the predictions of the human capital theory with respect to further studies (e.g., well-paying job, holding a prestigious profession). Additionally, they are also more committed to graduating (they are more persistent) than other students. Based on the principal component analysis of motivations for further study and persistence indicators, we find that career consciousness and persistence are positively correlated. Through regression analysis, we also show that males are less career-conscious and less persistent than females. In addition, the results imply that even socially advantaged students might not all be career-conscious and persistent. Students whose tuition is paid for by the state can also be poorly motivated and may lack career consciousness. As regards the field of study, students in Humanities are not likely to be career-conscious, while the risk of attrition is present among those who study Economics, Business, or Sciences. This highlights the need for an educational policy intervention.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66950021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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