Pub Date : 2024-05-08DOI: 10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2756
Nuru Ramatu Asabe, Yahuza Asiya Salman, Lawal Saadatu Bagiwa
This study titled Assessment of post-COVID-19 hand hygiene compliance among Nigeria Certificate in Education Biology Students in Zaria, Nigeria was a cross-sectional survey work. The study was guided by three research questions and three research objectives. Three hundred forty-six (346) NCE biology students were chosen at random from a population of three thousand four hundred and forty-one using the random sampling technique. The data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire titled "Students Hand-Hygiene Compliance Questionnaire (SHCQ)" which underwent validation by two science education experts from Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Split-half method was adopted to determine reliability which gave the reliability coefficient value of 0.77 with Spearman rank statistics. The researchers administered the instrument to respondents over two weeks. The mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the gathered data. According to the results, the College established hand hygiene compliance during the COVID-19 era (X = 4.00, S.D. = 1.20); NCE Biology students in Zaria had low levels of post-COVID-19 hand hygiene compliance (X = 2.80, S.D. = 1.02); and there weren't many obstacles to post-COVID-19 hand hygiene compliance (X = 3.74, S.D. = 1.08). Recommendations among others include: the College management should continue to prioritize and reinforce a robust infrastructure for handwashing facilities, ensure the availability of soap and sanitizers, and conduct regular educational campaigns on proper hand hygiene practices.
{"title":"Assessment of Post-Covid-19 Hand Hygiene Compliance Among Nigeria Certificate in Education Biology Students in Zaria, Nigeria","authors":"Nuru Ramatu Asabe, Yahuza Asiya Salman, Lawal Saadatu Bagiwa","doi":"10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2756","url":null,"abstract":"This study titled Assessment of post-COVID-19 hand hygiene compliance among Nigeria Certificate in Education Biology Students in Zaria, Nigeria was a cross-sectional survey work. The study was guided by three research questions and three research objectives. Three hundred forty-six (346) NCE biology students were chosen at random from a population of three thousand four hundred and forty-one using the random sampling technique. The data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire titled \"Students Hand-Hygiene Compliance Questionnaire (SHCQ)\" which underwent validation by two science education experts from Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Split-half method was adopted to determine reliability which gave the reliability coefficient value of 0.77 with Spearman rank statistics. The researchers administered the instrument to respondents over two weeks. The mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the gathered data. According to the results, the College established hand hygiene compliance during the COVID-19 era (X = 4.00, S.D. = 1.20); NCE Biology students in Zaria had low levels of post-COVID-19 hand hygiene compliance (X = 2.80, S.D. = 1.02); and there weren't many obstacles to post-COVID-19 hand hygiene compliance (X = 3.74, S.D. = 1.08). Recommendations among others include: the College management should continue to prioritize and reinforce a robust infrastructure for handwashing facilities, ensure the availability of soap and sanitizers, and conduct regular educational campaigns on proper hand hygiene practices.","PeriodicalId":517256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies","volume":"3 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141001546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-06DOI: 10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2749
Amal Yousif Ahmed Elhag Mustafa
The pectoralis major is a broad muscle that originates from the medial part of the clavicle, anterior surface of the sternum, from the cartilages of all the true ribs and from the aponeurosis of the abdominal external oblique muscle. The study was conducted on 10 cadavers (7 male and 3 female). These specimens were dissected and examined to study the gross anatomical characteristics of the pectoralis major muscle. The dimensions of the pectoralis major muscle and its surface area were measured in all the cadavers. The branching pattern of the thoracoacromial vessels was recorded. The pedicle length and caliper were measured using Vernier calipers. In all twenty dissected specimens, the pectoral and deltoid branches of the thoracoacomial artery were identified. The average size of the elevated flap of the pectoralis major muscle was 10 cm×6.5 cm. In this study, the average diameter of the thoacoacomial artery was 2.3 mm, and along its course, the thoracacomial artery gave rise to two terminal branches the pectoral and deltoid arteries that supply the pectoralis major muscle and the surrounding structures. The average length of the deltoid pedicle was 6.8 cm and the average length of the pectoral pedicle was 7.5 cm. The current study focuses on the anatomical features of the pectoralis major muscle and its blood supply to increase the success rate of operations in clinical practice.
{"title":"Surgical anatomy of the pectoral flaps, their importance in head and neck reconstruction","authors":"Amal Yousif Ahmed Elhag Mustafa","doi":"10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2749","url":null,"abstract":"The pectoralis major is a broad muscle that originates from the medial part of the clavicle, anterior surface of the sternum, from the cartilages of all the true ribs and from the aponeurosis of the abdominal external oblique muscle. The study was conducted on 10 cadavers (7 male and 3 female). These specimens were dissected and examined to study the gross anatomical characteristics of the pectoralis major muscle. The dimensions of the pectoralis major muscle and its surface area were measured in all the cadavers. The branching pattern of the thoracoacromial vessels was recorded. The pedicle length and caliper were measured using Vernier calipers. In all twenty dissected specimens, the pectoral and deltoid branches of the thoracoacomial artery were identified. The average size of the elevated flap of the pectoralis major muscle was 10 cm×6.5 cm. In this study, the average diameter of the thoacoacomial artery was 2.3 mm, and along its course, the thoracacomial artery gave rise to two terminal branches the pectoral and deltoid arteries that supply the pectoralis major muscle and the surrounding structures. The average length of the deltoid pedicle was 6.8 cm and the average length of the pectoral pedicle was 7.5 cm. The current study focuses on the anatomical features of the pectoralis major muscle and its blood supply to increase the success rate of operations in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":517256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies","volume":"12 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141010866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-06DOI: 10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2754
Veris Septiansyah, Ahmad Suryono, Icha Cahyaning Fitri, Dominikus Rato
Judicial activism in the petition for Law Number 143/PUU-XXI/2023 concerning the term of office of regional heads / deputy regional heads can present the principles of legal certainty and substantive justice. The Petitioners in the case felt that they suffered constitutional losses due to a legal vacuum where the legislators failed to regulate the calculation of the term of office of regional heads elected in 2018 but inaugurated in 2019. As a result, the applicants experienced a cut in the term of office and could not run the full term of office for 5 (five) years. The type of research is normative, with a statutory approach, conceptual approach and comparative approach. The results showed that judicial activism carried out by the Constitutional Court could find substantive differences between Petition Number 143/PUU-XXI/2023 and Petition Number 62/PUU-XXI/2023, and the court could find a legal vacuum and restore the constitutional losses of the petitioners.
{"title":"Legal Certainty Principle in Judicial Activism Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia Case Number 143/PUU-XXI/2023","authors":"Veris Septiansyah, Ahmad Suryono, Icha Cahyaning Fitri, Dominikus Rato","doi":"10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2754","url":null,"abstract":"Judicial activism in the petition for Law Number 143/PUU-XXI/2023 concerning the term of office of regional heads / deputy regional heads can present the principles of legal certainty and substantive justice. The Petitioners in the case felt that they suffered constitutional losses due to a legal vacuum where the legislators failed to regulate the calculation of the term of office of regional heads elected in 2018 but inaugurated in 2019. As a result, the applicants experienced a cut in the term of office and could not run the full term of office for 5 (five) years. The type of research is normative, with a statutory approach, conceptual approach and comparative approach. The results showed that judicial activism carried out by the Constitutional Court could find substantive differences between Petition Number 143/PUU-XXI/2023 and Petition Number 62/PUU-XXI/2023, and the court could find a legal vacuum and restore the constitutional losses of the petitioners.","PeriodicalId":517256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies","volume":"82 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141010929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-06DOI: 10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2748
Dewi Narulita Sekar Arum, Iswi Hariyani, Yusuf Adiwibowo
The problems related to restrictions on nickel ore exports started with Indonesia restricting nickel ore exports. Indonesia implemented restrictions because the presence of nickel in Indonesia was running low. The existence of this problem makes the European Union feel disadvantaged. Apart from that, Indonesia has issued restrictions on exports of nickel ore Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Number 11 of 2019. This regulation is considered to have come into force on January 1 2020, from which date all nickel that wishes to be exported must go through the stages of refining and processing domestically, so that what is exported is not in the form of raw goods but not semi-finished goods or finished goods. In this article it is explained that nickel that cannot be exported is concentrate <1.7%. By issuing this regulation, the European Union considers that Indonesia has violated Article nickel quota so it is considered to violate these regulations. With this problem, the European Union filed a lawsuit with the WTO. The lawsuit has been registered in DS-592. Starting from November 22 2019, the European Union and Indonesia carried out the consultation stage, but in the event that the consultation failed to take place, the next stage that was carried out was the panel stage. However, in this case Indonesia lost the lawsuit with the European Union. Seeing this, Indonesia immediately submitted an appeal to the WTO. Indonesia still wants to limit nickel ore so that it can improve the quality of nickel.
{"title":"Implications of Nickel Ore Export Restrictions in International Trade Disputes","authors":"Dewi Narulita Sekar Arum, Iswi Hariyani, Yusuf Adiwibowo","doi":"10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2748","url":null,"abstract":"The problems related to restrictions on nickel ore exports started with Indonesia restricting nickel ore exports. Indonesia implemented restrictions because the presence of nickel in Indonesia was running low. The existence of this problem makes the European Union feel disadvantaged. Apart from that, Indonesia has issued restrictions on exports of nickel ore Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Number 11 of 2019. This regulation is considered to have come into force on January 1 2020, from which date all nickel that wishes to be exported must go through the stages of refining and processing domestically, so that what is exported is not in the form of raw goods but not semi-finished goods or finished goods. In this article it is explained that nickel that cannot be exported is concentrate <1.7%. By issuing this regulation, the European Union considers that Indonesia has violated Article nickel quota so it is considered to violate these regulations. With this problem, the European Union filed a lawsuit with the WTO. The lawsuit has been registered in DS-592. Starting from November 22 2019, the European Union and Indonesia carried out the consultation stage, but in the event that the consultation failed to take place, the next stage that was carried out was the panel stage. However, in this case Indonesia lost the lawsuit with the European Union. Seeing this, Indonesia immediately submitted an appeal to the WTO. Indonesia still wants to limit nickel ore so that it can improve the quality of nickel.","PeriodicalId":517256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141007802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-05DOI: 10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2741
M. Matouk, N. Saadi, F. Chettibi
Introduction: Spinal anesthesia is commonly used for cesarean deliveries but can lead to maternal hypotension, a frequent complication that may adversely affect the fetus. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of post-spinal hypotension for cesarean delivery and identify associated risk factors. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted at Kouba Hospital over one month. Inclusion criteria were patients admitted for scheduled or emergency cesarean under spinal anesthesia after informed consent, without absolute contraindication to spinal anesthesia, baseline blood pressure ≥100 mmHg, and heart rate ≤100 bpm. Patients were excluded if hypotensive, vagotonic, had pre-existing cardiac disease, or received general anesthesia. All patients received 8 mg 0.5% bupivacaine, 2.5 μg sufentanil, and 100 μg intrathecal morphine with standard monitoring and 250 ml fluid preloading. Hypotension was defined as ≥20% decrease from baseline blood pressure. Data collected included demographics, obstetric history, and anesthetic/surgical details. Analysis was done using EPI Info software. Results: 42 parturients were included, mostly ASA II, with mean BMI 26.5±4.1 kg/m2 and gestational age 37.4±2.1 weeks. 50% had a history of hypotension in previous cesareans, and 68% underwent emergency cesarean. Sensory block reached T4 level on average. Hypotension incidence was 80%, with 40% requiring additional fluids and mean 15±10 mg ephedrine. Despite hypotension, most neonates had satisfactory Apgar scores. High BMI, emergency cesarean, and previous hypotension history were significantly associated with increased hypotension risk. Discussion: The high 80% hypotension incidence aligns with literature reports of 70-90%, likely exacerbated by using isobaric/hypobaric rather than hyperbaric bupivacaine. Identified risk factors were consistent with published data. Prompt management likely prevented major neonatal consequences. Conclusion: Intraoperative hypotension is frequent after spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Guidelines recommend a standardized approach with fluid loading, vasopressors, and lateral tilt positioning to prevent maternal and fetal complications. Larger studies are needed to further characterize risk factors.
{"title":"Impact of Arterial Hypotension During Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery on the Newborn at Kouba Hospital","authors":"M. Matouk, N. Saadi, F. Chettibi","doi":"10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2741","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Spinal anesthesia is commonly used for cesarean deliveries but can lead to maternal hypotension, a frequent complication that may adversely affect the fetus. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of post-spinal hypotension for cesarean delivery and identify associated risk factors. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted at Kouba Hospital over one month. Inclusion criteria were patients admitted for scheduled or emergency cesarean under spinal anesthesia after informed consent, without absolute contraindication to spinal anesthesia, baseline blood pressure ≥100 mmHg, and heart rate ≤100 bpm. Patients were excluded if hypotensive, vagotonic, had pre-existing cardiac disease, or received general anesthesia. All patients received 8 mg 0.5% bupivacaine, 2.5 μg sufentanil, and 100 μg intrathecal morphine with standard monitoring and 250 ml fluid preloading. Hypotension was defined as ≥20% decrease from baseline blood pressure. Data collected included demographics, obstetric history, and anesthetic/surgical details. Analysis was done using EPI Info software. Results: 42 parturients were included, mostly ASA II, with mean BMI 26.5±4.1 kg/m2 and gestational age 37.4±2.1 weeks. 50% had a history of hypotension in previous cesareans, and 68% underwent emergency cesarean. Sensory block reached T4 level on average. Hypotension incidence was 80%, with 40% requiring additional fluids and mean 15±10 mg ephedrine. Despite hypotension, most neonates had satisfactory Apgar scores. High BMI, emergency cesarean, and previous hypotension history were significantly associated with increased hypotension risk. Discussion: The high 80% hypotension incidence aligns with literature reports of 70-90%, likely exacerbated by using isobaric/hypobaric rather than hyperbaric bupivacaine. Identified risk factors were consistent with published data. Prompt management likely prevented major neonatal consequences. Conclusion: Intraoperative hypotension is frequent after spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Guidelines recommend a standardized approach with fluid loading, vasopressors, and lateral tilt positioning to prevent maternal and fetal complications. Larger studies are needed to further characterize risk factors.","PeriodicalId":517256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies","volume":"329 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141011840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-05DOI: 10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2738
Alfredo Colombo, Vittorio Gebbia, N. Borsellino, Concetta Maria Porretto
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a primary cause of death among cancer patients. This heterogeneous disease is characterized by alterations in many molecular pathways during its development. Mutations in RAS, combined with the mismatch repair gene defect are currently widely studied in clinics. Such biomarkers provide information for patient risk classification and for the selecting of the appropriate therapy alternatives. Nevertheless, likely, and robust prognostic markers that can identify “high-risk” CRC patients, who can benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, in early stages, are currently absent. To solve this gap, genomic information has lately gained interest as a potential technique for estimating the likelihood of recurrence. However, due to several limitations of gene-based signatures, these have not yet been realistically used. In this review, we summarise the multiple molecular markers in clinical use for CRC, highlight potential indicators that might become indispensable over the next years, discuss recently discovered gene expression-based assays and emphasise the difficulties in biomarker development.
{"title":"Molecular Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer in the Era of Precision Medicine: A Review","authors":"Alfredo Colombo, Vittorio Gebbia, N. Borsellino, Concetta Maria Porretto","doi":"10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2738","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a primary cause of death among cancer patients. This heterogeneous disease is characterized by alterations in many molecular pathways during its development. Mutations in RAS, combined with the mismatch repair gene defect are currently widely studied in clinics. Such biomarkers provide information for patient risk classification and for the selecting of the appropriate therapy alternatives. Nevertheless, likely, and robust prognostic markers that can identify “high-risk” CRC patients, who can benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, in early stages, are currently absent. To solve this gap, genomic information has lately gained interest as a potential technique for estimating the likelihood of recurrence. However, due to several limitations of gene-based signatures, these have not yet been realistically used. In this review, we summarise the multiple molecular markers in clinical use for CRC, highlight potential indicators that might become indispensable over the next years, discuss recently discovered gene expression-based assays and emphasise the difficulties in biomarker development.","PeriodicalId":517256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies","volume":"17 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141011767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-05DOI: 10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2739
M. Matouk, F. Chettibi, M. Ait Amirat, O. Rahil, L. Cherfi, R. Laledji, F. Labane, N. Kachouan, S. Abed, B. Ameziane
Most respiratory complications during intubation are unanticipated and can lead to severe injuries or even death, especially in general anesthesia. Mitigating factors include preparation, evaluation, communication, teamwork, and situational awareness. However, in the absence of national recommendations, airway management in Algeria remains a challenge. Methodology: A cross-sectional study over one year (2019-2020) was conducted by distributing a questionnaire covering demographic data, difficulties encountered during intubation and ventilation, access to specific equipment and training, and the desire for training or algorithms. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 18 software. Results: Out of 110 distributed questionnaires, the participation rate was 78%, covering 25 wilayas. The prevalence of intubation difficulties was 100%, with a higher prevalence among those without local protocols or specific training. Public health specialists in EPH and CHU were more likely to encounter ventilation difficulties. Discussion: This audit identifies the challenges faced by anesthesiologists in Algeria, emphasizing the importance of pre-planning and advancements in techniques to simplify the management of difficult intubations. The development of algorithms could facilitate patient care, provided that the techniques are widely known and feasible. Conclusion: Improving airway management in Algeria requires pre-planning, increased awareness, and appropriate training. Advances in techniques and the development of algorithms could help reduce complications during difficult intubations.
{"title":"Audit of Preoperative Difficult Airway Management in Algeria: Challenges and Strategies","authors":"M. Matouk, F. Chettibi, M. Ait Amirat, O. Rahil, L. Cherfi, R. Laledji, F. Labane, N. Kachouan, S. Abed, B. Ameziane","doi":"10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2739","url":null,"abstract":"Most respiratory complications during intubation are unanticipated and can lead to severe injuries or even death, especially in general anesthesia. Mitigating factors include preparation, evaluation, communication, teamwork, and situational awareness. However, in the absence of national recommendations, airway management in Algeria remains a challenge. Methodology: A cross-sectional study over one year (2019-2020) was conducted by distributing a questionnaire covering demographic data, difficulties encountered during intubation and ventilation, access to specific equipment and training, and the desire for training or algorithms. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 18 software. Results: Out of 110 distributed questionnaires, the participation rate was 78%, covering 25 wilayas. The prevalence of intubation difficulties was 100%, with a higher prevalence among those without local protocols or specific training. Public health specialists in EPH and CHU were more likely to encounter ventilation difficulties. Discussion: This audit identifies the challenges faced by anesthesiologists in Algeria, emphasizing the importance of pre-planning and advancements in techniques to simplify the management of difficult intubations. The development of algorithms could facilitate patient care, provided that the techniques are widely known and feasible. Conclusion: Improving airway management in Algeria requires pre-planning, increased awareness, and appropriate training. Advances in techniques and the development of algorithms could help reduce complications during difficult intubations.","PeriodicalId":517256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies","volume":"341 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141011796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-05DOI: 10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2740
M. Matouk, FH Benaissa, F. Chettibi, M. Ait Amirat
Introduction: Intoxications with class Ic antiarrhythmics, such as flécaïne, are rare but potentially life-threatening. We report a case of severe flécaïne poisoning where the use of lidocaine, a class Ib antiarrhythmic, enabled effective management of refractory rhythm disturbances. Methods: A 22-year-old female patient was admitted for voluntary flécaïne poisoning after ingesting 2 g. She presented with shock, ventricular fibrillation, and torsades de pointes refractory to conventional treatment (cardioversion, magnesium sulfate, bicarbonates, amiodarone). Results: After initial treatment failure, a lidocaine loading dose successfully resolved refractory ventricular rhythm disturbances. Continuous administration of lidocaine subsequently stabilized the patient's hemodynamic status and reduced the need for vasopressors. Discussion: While the use of lidocaine is traditionally contraindicated in poisoning with class Ic antiarrhythmics due to the risk of drug interactions, this case demonstrates its potential value in refractory situations. Lidocaine may have a competitive effect on sodium channels, thereby reversing the toxicity of potent inhibitors such as flécaïne. Conclusion: In severe flécaïne poisoning refractory to conventional treatment, the use of lidocaine can be a life-saving therapeutic option when extracorporeal clearance techniques are not available.
导言：Ic 类抗心律失常药物（如氟卡因）中毒很少见，但有可能危及生命。我们报告了一例严重的氟卡因中毒病例，在使用 Ib 类抗心律失常药物利多卡因后，难治性心律紊乱得到了有效控制。治疗方法她出现休克、心室颤动和传统治疗（心脏电复律、硫酸镁、碳酸氢盐、胺碘酮）无效的阵发性抽搐。结果：在最初治疗失败后，利多卡因负荷剂量成功缓解了难治性心室节律紊乱。随后，利多卡因的持续给药稳定了患者的血液动力学状态，减少了对血管加压药的需求。讨论：由于存在药物相互作用的风险，利多卡因历来是 Ic 类抗心律失常药物中毒的禁忌用药，但本病例显示了利多卡因在难治性情况下的潜在价值。利多卡因可能对钠离子通道有竞争作用，从而逆转弗莱凯恩等强效抑制剂的毒性。结论对于常规治疗难治的严重弗来卡因中毒患者，在无法使用体外清除技术的情况下，使用利多卡因可能是挽救生命的治疗选择。
{"title":"Successful Use of Lidocaine in the Management of Severe Flécaïne Poisoning Refractory to Conventional Treatment","authors":"M. Matouk, FH Benaissa, F. Chettibi, M. Ait Amirat","doi":"10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2740","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Intoxications with class Ic antiarrhythmics, such as flécaïne, are rare but potentially life-threatening. We report a case of severe flécaïne poisoning where the use of lidocaine, a class Ib antiarrhythmic, enabled effective management of refractory rhythm disturbances. Methods: A 22-year-old female patient was admitted for voluntary flécaïne poisoning after ingesting 2 g. She presented with shock, ventricular fibrillation, and torsades de pointes refractory to conventional treatment (cardioversion, magnesium sulfate, bicarbonates, amiodarone). Results: After initial treatment failure, a lidocaine loading dose successfully resolved refractory ventricular rhythm disturbances. Continuous administration of lidocaine subsequently stabilized the patient's hemodynamic status and reduced the need for vasopressors. Discussion: While the use of lidocaine is traditionally contraindicated in poisoning with class Ic antiarrhythmics due to the risk of drug interactions, this case demonstrates its potential value in refractory situations. Lidocaine may have a competitive effect on sodium channels, thereby reversing the toxicity of potent inhibitors such as flécaïne. Conclusion: In severe flécaïne poisoning refractory to conventional treatment, the use of lidocaine can be a life-saving therapeutic option when extracorporeal clearance techniques are not available.","PeriodicalId":517256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies","volume":"24 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141011564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-05DOI: 10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2745
Lok Raj Sharma
Speaking skills are defined as the skills which involve guiding learners to articulate thoughts coherently, express ideas fluently, and communicate effectively in spoken language through various interactive and engaging activities. As communication has become increasingly pivotal in the globalized landscape, the demand for effective speaking proficiency is more prominent than ever. The prime objective of writing this review article is to explore major challenges, and opportunities in teaching speaking skills in the context of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). In pursuit of this objective, extensive reviews and analyses of related materials from books, journal articles, and online resources have been undertaken. This article concludes that pronunciation, vocabulary building, fluency, grammar and syntax, listening skills and interactive activities are the aspects of teaching speaking skills, and learners’ anxiety and shyness, large class sizes, lack of teacher expertise, limited exposure and sources, lack of practice opportunities, diverse student needs, inadequate pronunciation correction, etc. are major challenges. Concurrently, authentic communication tasks, technology integration, peer interaction and collaborative activities, self-assessment and reflection, enhanced communication skills, real-life application, increased language proficiency, critical thinking and problem-solving, building confidence, career advancement, global communication, student engagement, etc. are prominent opportunities within the teaching of speaking skills. The findings of this study have implications for EFL teachers, teachers and curriculum designers who aim to enhance the quality of speaking skills in EFL contexts.
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Pub Date : 2024-05-04DOI: 10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2734
Dr. Suranjana Chatterjee
Diiron (III, III) oxo- bridged core is playing significant role in various biologically active compounds. Several synthetic diiron compounds are prepared which are the structural and functional models of these bio active centers. Extensive study over these compounds helps us to gain an idea about the mechanistic pathways adopted in the bio active centers. In vivo studies are highly expensive and critical. Analysis of these complexes outside the bio-environment is comparatively simple but give us an idea about the mechanistic overview of the metal centers which guide us for further proceedings.
{"title":"A selective discussion on oxo-bridged diiron (III,III) centers in chemistry related to bio-functional activity","authors":"Dr. Suranjana Chatterjee","doi":"10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2734","url":null,"abstract":"Diiron (III, III) oxo- bridged core is playing significant role in various biologically active compounds. Several synthetic diiron compounds are prepared which are the structural and functional models of these bio active centers. Extensive study over these compounds helps us to gain an idea about the mechanistic pathways adopted in the bio active centers. In vivo studies are highly expensive and critical. Analysis of these complexes outside the bio-environment is comparatively simple but give us an idea about the mechanistic overview of the metal centers which guide us for further proceedings.","PeriodicalId":517256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies","volume":"70 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141013780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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