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Gumtree Skyscrapers and Takeaway Flat Whites: Anzac in the United States Gumtree摩天大楼和外卖白大褂:美国的澳新军团
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.1080/14443058.2023.2232366
Yves Rees
ABSTRACT This article extends the transnational history of Anzac by shifting the focus from Britain to the United States. It tells a history of Anzac in the United States, focused on New York and California, that shows how both Anzac Day and the broader language and iconography of “Anzac” has been core to the production of Australian community and identity in the United States from the 1920s until the 2020s. Over multiple generations, stateside Australians have reached to Anzac to enact their Australianness and build ties with fellow expatriates. As a result, Anzac has come to serve as a metonym for Australians and Australianness within the United States. At the same time, Anzac in the United States has indexed Australia’s shift from British to American empires. Once a British affair, it is now an annual event to renew the transpacific alliance.
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引用次数: 0
Kalgoorlie’s Sex Trade and the Kalgoorlie Miner: 1896–1903 卡尔古利的性交易和卡尔古利矿工:1896-1903
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/14443058.2023.2229348
B. Beattie
ABSTRACT Kalgoorlie and the sex industry are synonymous. Around the time of Federation, significant attempts were made by the community to rid itself of prostitution. An important contributor to this endeavour was the local long-running daily newspaper, the Kalgoorlie Miner. To date, research has overlooked its significant role in building community and reinforcing hegemony. The Kalgoorlie Miner’s framing of prostitution as the “social evil”—antithetical to Christian living, morals and civility—was a successful position because it appealed to the buying public and maintained pressure on the problem. This article explores the place of newspapers in a given community, Federation Kalgoorlie, and its prostitution. It finds that gatekeeping and community Christianism, particularly the laity, played an essential role in challenging and opposing prostitution.
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引用次数: 0
Spectral Histories and Material Legacies 光谱历史和物质遗产
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/14443058.2023.2236830
E. Potter, B. Magner
This issue of the Journal of Australian Studies takes us across times, places, knowledges and identities, from Australia’s atomic history to the carceral world of Manus Island, to the profound relationality within Indigenous epistemology, and diverse experiences of cultural marginality and remaking in Australia. Bronwyn Lee’s “Mature Heterosexuality: Catholic Women Religious’ Celibacy in Australia’s Liberation Decades” foregrounds how Catholic women religious understood their sexual identity in a departure from normative framings of celibacy. These women saw themselves as living out a “mature heterosexuality” that was negotiated in relation to the social and institutional changes of the 1960s and 1970s. Drawing on a significant oral history archive, Lee offers insight into how these women identified as “ordinary” women through their selfdefined sexuality in the context of the so-called liberation decades, in contrast to how celibacy is frequently positioned as outside of mainstream experience. Moving on to questions of Sino-Australian cultural production, Josh Stenberg’s “ChineseAustralian Culture in a Sinophone History and Geography” considers the dynamic transnationalism of Chinese-culture language through a lens of belonging and identity in Australia. Through a discussion of three textual genres—Chinese-language theatre, Federation-era fiction and 1990s foreign student literature—Stenberg argues that Australia can be understood within a long history of Sinophone cultural networks and that Chinese cultural production is entangled in the ongoing emergence of contemporary Australia. The history of the Scandinavian-Australian newspaper Norden is the subject of Mark Emmerson’s “A Readership of Convenience: Macro-national Cooperation within the Scandinavian-Australian Newspaper”. This expatriate newspaper, which ran between 1896 and 1940, offered a mode of connectivity for migrant Scandinavians across Australasia and back to their homelands. Emmerson argues that this media generated a pan-Scandinavianism that evoked Romantic-era commitments to cultural cohesion and collective care, drawing fragmented and often isolated Danish, Swedish and Norwegian immigrant communities into a unified readership that performed a mode of “macro-national cooperation”. Moving to the later part of the 20th century, Cameron Coventry’s “Sedimentary Layers: Bob Hawke, his World Record and Ocker Chic” focuses on this iconic Australian prime minister and his cultural production: a figure of middle-class masculinity that deployed powerful components of working-class mythology, notably the “larrikin” and the “ocker”. Coventry traces the rise of “ocker chic” from Hawke through subsequent political leaders of the 1980s, the 1990s and beyond, making the case that its mobilisation of particular signifiers of class, race and gender has continued to entrench neoliberal capitalism and the political and social power of a narrow demographic. John Hayward’s “The Hoyleton Institute Stage
本期《澳大利亚研究杂志》带我们穿越时间、地点、知识和身份,从澳大利亚的原子历史到马努斯岛的carcaral世界,再到土著认识论中的深刻关系,以及澳大利亚文化边缘化和重塑的不同经历。布朗温·李(Bronwyn Lee)的《成熟的异性恋:澳大利亚解放时期天主教女性的独身生活》(Mature hetersexuality: Catholic Women’Religious ' Celibacy in Australia’s Liberation几十)展望了天主教女性如何在偏离独身的规范框架的情况下理解她们的性身份。这些女性认为自己活出了一种“成熟的异性恋”,这是与20世纪60年代和70年代的社会和制度变化有关的。在一份重要的口述历史档案的基础上,李深入探讨了这些女性是如何在所谓的解放年代中通过自我定义的性取向而被认定为“普通”女性的,与之形成鲜明对比的是,独身主义经常被定位在主流经验之外。接下来是中澳文化生产的问题,Josh Stenberg的“汉语历史和地理中的中国澳大利亚文化”通过澳大利亚的归属感和身份来考虑中国文化语言的动态跨国主义。通过对三种文本类型——汉语戏剧、联邦时代的小说和20世纪90年代的外国学生文学——的讨论,斯坦伯格认为,澳大利亚可以在华语文化网络的悠久历史中被理解,中国文化生产与当代澳大利亚的不断出现纠缠在一起。斯堪的纳维亚-澳大利亚报纸《诺登》的历史是马克·埃默森《方便的读者:斯堪的纳维亚-澳大利亚报纸内部的宏观国家合作》的主题。这份在1896年至1940年间发行的外籍人士报纸,为跨越大洋洲的斯堪的纳维亚移民提供了一种联系方式,让他们回到自己的祖国。埃默森认为,这种媒体产生了一种泛斯堪的纳维亚主义,唤起了浪漫时代对文化凝聚力和集体关怀的承诺,将支离破碎、往往孤立的丹麦、瑞典和挪威移民社区吸引到一个统一的读者群体中,形成了一种“宏观国家合作”模式。卡梅伦·考文垂(Cameron Coventry)的《沉积层:鲍勃·霍克,他的世界纪录和奥克风格》(沉积层:Bob Hawke,他的世界纪录和奥克风格)聚焦于这位标志性的澳大利亚总理和他的文化作品:一个中产阶级男子气概的形象,展现了工人阶级神话的强大组成部分,尤其是“larrikin”和“Ocker”。考文垂追溯了从霍克到后来的20世纪80年代、90年代及以后的政治领导人的“奥克风”的兴起,证明了它对阶级、种族和性别的特殊象征的动员,继续巩固了新自由主义资本主义以及狭隘人口群体的政治和社会力量。约翰·海沃德的“霍伊尔顿学院舞台门上的铭文和被遗忘的旅行表演者的鬼魂”提供了考古学家对被遗忘的文化和历史文物的反思。自20世纪20年代初以来,参观南澳大利亚中北部霍伊尔顿学院大厅的表演艺术家将他们的名字刻在舞台门的内侧,作为他们访问的纪念。20世纪末,古老的铁路小镇霍伊尔顿及其百年历史的学院成为变革的牺牲品,
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引用次数: 0
Meaningful Rituals: A Linguistic Analysis of Acknowledgements of Country 意义仪式:国家致谢的语言分析
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/14443058.2023.2236618
Shoshana Dreyfus, Annett Hellwig
ABSTRACT This article presents a linguistic analysis of Australian Acknowledgements of Country, an ancient Indigenous practice now increasingly prevalent in Australian public life. Acknowledgements of Country are typically spoken at the beginning of events by either Indigenous or non-Indigenous people. While celebrated as a practice that gives voice and primacy to Country, Indigenous peoples and their cultural practices, they have also attracted criticism for being tokenistic and minimising the severity of the genocide and continuing exploitation of Indigenous peoples. Supporting a body of work that critically engages with the values and structure of Acknowledgements of Country, we deploy a variety of tools from systemic functional linguistics to analyse 20 examples (both spoken and written), using the lexicogrammatical and discourse semantic systems of agency, transitivity and appraisal. Our findings show that there are both obligatory and optional parts in the Acknowledgments of Country, and that these linguistic choices can illuminate contemporary power dynamics and political stances. Our intention here is to the highlight the language choices that place obligations and duties on speakers in delivering their Acknowledgements of Country.
摘要本文介绍了澳大利亚致谢的语言分析,这是一种古老的土著习俗,现在在澳大利亚的公共生活中越来越普遍。通常由土著或非土著人民在活动开始时说出对国家的致谢。虽然庆祝活动被视为一种给予国家、土著人民及其文化习俗以声音和首要地位的做法,但也因其象征性和将种族灭绝的严重性降到最低以及对土著人民的持续剥削而受到批评。为了支持一系列批判性地参与国家致谢的价值观和结构的工作,我们使用了系统功能语言学的各种工具来分析20个例子(口头和书面),使用了代理、及物性和评价的词汇语法和话语语义系统。我们的研究结果表明,在国家致谢中既有强制性部分,也有可选部分,这些语言选择可以阐明当代的权力动态和政治立场。我们在这里的目的是强调语言选择,使发言者在发表国家致谢时负有义务和责任。
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引用次数: 0
My People's Songs: How an Indigenous Family Survived Colonial Tasmania 《我的人民之歌:一个土著家庭如何在塔斯马尼亚殖民地生存》
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/14443058.2023.2236394
T. Rowse
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引用次数: 0
Congratulations to the 2022 Winners of the John Barrett Award 祝贺2022年约翰·巴雷特奖的获奖者
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/14443058.2023.2237284
A. Johnston
Situating the white masculinist archetype of the ocker and women ’ s liberation within the same historical frame, Michelle Arrow o ff ers a compelling argument about the fi lmic ocker fi gure as a form of contestation against the Australian women ’ s liberation movement in the 1970s. The ocker fi gure is linked to other “ egalitarian ” Australian character types such as the larrikin and the bushman, which originated in the racialised crucible of white 19th-century labour. Yet while the ocker is understood as a manifestation of state-sanctioned 1970s “ new nationalism ” , Arrow moves beyond questions of national identity to make a signi fi cant contribution to ongoing debates about the history of Australian gender relations. More speci fi cally, she argues that new nationalist popular culture was a key site of gendered cultural contest during a time of radical feminist challenge to Australian cultural, social, and political norms. If the afterlife of the (toned-down) ocker suggests that “ ockerdom ” emerged victorious in the 1980s as a way of representing Australia to the world, Arrow convincingly recuperates the 1970s as a transformative decade of feminist challenge in Australia, noting the resurgence of touchstones of popular 1970s feminism today.
米歇尔·阿罗将白人男性主义的奥克尔原型和妇女解放置于同一历史框架中,提出了一个令人信服的论点,即电影中的奥克尔形象是对20世纪70年代澳大利亚妇女解放运动的一种对抗。ocker人物形象与其他“平等主义”的澳大利亚人物类型有关,如larrikin和bushman,它们起源于19世纪白人劳工的种族化熔炉。然而,虽然这本书被理解为20世纪70年代国家认可的“新民族主义”的表现,但阿罗超越了民族认同的问题,对正在进行的关于澳大利亚两性关系历史的辩论做出了重大贡献。更具体地说,她认为,在激进女权主义挑战澳大利亚文化、社会和政治规范的时期,新的民族主义流行文化是性别文化竞争的关键场所。如果说(低调的)ocker的死后表明,“ockerdom”在20世纪80年代取得了胜利,成为向世界展示澳大利亚的一种方式,那么Arrow则令人信服地将20世纪70年代恢复为澳大利亚女权主义挑战的变革十年,并指出了20世纪70年代流行女权主义的试金石在今天的复兴。
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引用次数: 0
Everywhen: Australia and the Language of Deep History 无处不在:澳大利亚和深厚历史的语言
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.1080/14443058.2023.2229639
Stephen Pascoe
extra-territorial power of a dependent country such as his native Brazil was always checked by regional limitations, in contrast to great powers that are territorially unconstrained to act globally. In the Australian case, it was used memorably by McQueen—Chapter 4 of A New Britannica is titled “Sub-Imperialists”—and more recently by Cait Storr in an important article for the Melbourne Journal of International Law. Fernandes cites Storr’s article but does not comprehensively engage with it, or other uses of his titular concept. A historian might wish for more nuance in the elaboration of Australian sub-imperialism over time. Fernandes outlines Australia’s contribution to imperial misadventures in the postWWII era—from wars aimed at suppressing Asian nationalism (Korea, Malaya, Vietnam), to Australian intelligence agencies’ role in the coup against Chilean president Allende in 1973, to the greenlighting of Indonesia’s invasion of Timor-Leste. Yet were the motivations identical in each case? What gets lost in subsuming each episode under the same rubric? What kinds of changes and continuities can we observe in the career of Australian sub-imperialism over the course of the past 150 years? These minor quibbles should not detract from the major contribution of this timely and provocative book. Sub–Imperial Power is polemical in the best possible sense, designed to reignite debate in an area of public policy that has been sclerotic for too long. In his unflinching assessment of Australia as a “tributary”, “sentinel” state and his dethroning of the “experts” who buttress the Canberra consensus, Fernandes makes a refreshing call for “long-term collective efforts to reveal rather than mystify Australian foreign policy” (124). It is an ideal towards which we ought to continue to strive, in spite of the difficulties. To question Australia’s participation in wars of aggression abroad in the context of our vanishing national sovereignty has never been more urgent.
像他的祖国巴西这样的附属国的治外法权总是受到地区限制的制约,与之形成鲜明对比的是,大国在采取全球行动时不受领土限制。在澳大利亚的案例中,麦奎因在《新大英百科全书》第4章的标题是“次帝国主义者”,而在最近的《墨尔本国际法杂志》上,Cait Storr在一篇重要的文章中也使用了这个词。费尔南德斯引用了斯托尔的文章,但并没有全面地参与其中,也没有对他的名义上的概念进行其他使用。历史学家可能希望随着时间的推移,对澳大利亚次帝国主义的阐述能有更多的细微差别。费尔南德斯概述了澳大利亚对二战后帝国灾难的贡献——从旨在压制亚洲民族主义的战争(朝鲜、马来亚、越南),到澳大利亚情报机构在1973年推翻智利总统阿连德的政变中所扮演的角色,再到为印度尼西亚入侵东帝汶开光。然而,这两种情况的动机是相同的吗?把每一集都放在同一个标题下会失去什么?在过去150年的澳大利亚次帝国主义的发展历程中,我们可以观察到什么样的变化和连续性?这些小的诡辩不应减损这本及时且具有挑衅性的书的主要贡献。从最好的意义上说,“次皇权”是一种争议性的东西,旨在重新点燃一个长期僵化的公共政策领域的辩论。费尔南德斯毫不畏惧地评价澳大利亚是一个“朝贡”、“哨兵”国家,并将支持堪培拉共识的“专家”赶下了山。费尔南德斯发出了一个令人耳目一新的呼吁,呼吁“通过长期的集体努力,揭示而不是使澳大利亚的外交政策变得神秘”(124页)。这是一个理想,我们应该继续努力,尽管困难。在我们国家主权正在消失的背景下,质疑澳大利亚参与海外侵略战争的行为从未像现在这样紧迫。
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引用次数: 0
Aunty Heads West: The ABC in Western Australia 阿姨向西走:西澳大利亚的ABC
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.1080/14443058.2023.2224350
Bridget Griffen-Foley
ABSTRACT This article investigates the evolution of the Australian Broadcasting Commission in Western Australia between the 1920s and the 1960s, covering the introduction and spread of radio and then television. It considers the visits of ABC commissioners and management to Perth, the appointment of commissioners from Western Australia, the building of radio and television studios, the creation of the ABC’s first state Advisory Committee in 1935, and the operations—in Perth—of the broadcaster’s last surviving capital city Television Viewers’ Committee. It examines local innovations in drama and in children’s, women’s and current affairs programming; the development of a broadcast news service and a symphony orchestra; and the work of key broadcasting figures, including Basil Kirke and Cathering King. The article argues that the history of the ABC in Western Australia was distinctive because of the state’s isolation and sparse population and, crucially, its time difference from the east coast.
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引用次数: 0
Croatian-Australian Identity as Revealed through Soccer Club Support: A Case Study of Melbourne Croatia Soccer Club (Melbourne Knights) 从足球俱乐部的支持看克罗地亚-澳大利亚人的身份认同——以墨尔本克罗地亚足球俱乐部(墨尔本骑士队)为例
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-18 DOI: 10.1080/14443058.2023.2222290
K. James
ABSTRACT Since the 1960s, Croatian soccer clubs have been an important feature of all major Australian cities, and a number of regional towns, with the most significant of these being Melbourne Croatia and Sydney Croatia, both of which played in Australia’s now defunct National Soccer League (NSL) (1977–2004). Effectively barred from the new A-League, from 2005 to 2006, these clubs experienced marginalisation and discrimination similar to that experienced historically by Irish-Catholic clubs in Scotland. This article aims to explore both Croatian-Australian identity and narratives about exclusion through the perspectives of key Melbourne Croatia representatives.
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引用次数: 0
Chinese-Australian Culture in a Sinophone History and Geography 中文历史与地理中的中澳文化
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.1080/14443058.2023.2217822
Josh Stenberg
ABSTRACT This article proposes to view Australian Chinese cultural products through a Sinophone studies lens to clarify the position of Australia in transnational patterns of Chinese-language cultural production. Three examples illustrate how Sinophone studies can expand research on Chinese-language culture in Australia, by showing them to also be instances of wider phenomena: Chinese-language theatre, Federation-era fiction, and the foreign student literature of the 1990s. Examining how these examples fit into wider patterns of Chinese-language production allows us to expand dyadic views of diaspora or transnationalism while also directing greater attention to community diversity and marginalised texts. The Australian Chinese studies community is right to celebrate the length and breadth of Chinese cultural production in Australia, and considering Sinophone Australian literature and theatre in the context of global Sinophone cultural production can help sharpen perspectives on what is shared and what is particular about the Australian case.
摘要:本文拟以汉语研究的视角审视澳大利亚的中国文化产品,以阐明澳大利亚在跨国汉语文化生产格局中的地位。三个例子说明了汉语研究如何扩展对澳大利亚汉语文化的研究,通过展示它们也是更广泛现象的实例:汉语戏剧、联邦时代的小说和20世纪90年代的外国学生文学。考察这些例子如何适应更广泛的汉语生产模式,使我们能够扩展散居或跨国主义的二元观点,同时也引导我们更多地关注社区多样性和边缘化文本。澳大利亚华人研究界有理由庆祝澳大利亚华人文化生产的广度和广度,在全球华语文化生产的背景下考虑澳大利亚华语文学和戏剧,可以帮助我们更好地了解澳大利亚的共同之处和特殊之处。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Australian Studies
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