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The forbidden opinion polls of the Spanish Transition. Access to public information and Digital History 西班牙过渡时期被禁止的民意调查。获取公共信息和数字历史
IF 0.3 4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2019-01-17 DOI: 10.3989/CHDJ.2018.019
Raúl Magallón-Rosa
The goal of this research is to analyse the role played by social media, the periodicals library and access to public information when revisiting collective memory on the Spanish Transition. The analysis is carried out based on an unpublished interview to Adolfo Suarez in 1995. During the interview, and off-the-record, former Spanish president Adolfo Suarez confessed to journalist Victoria Prego that the monarchy was not subjected to referendum because the opinion polls suggested they would lose. Those statements came to light 20 years later, after a special TV program broadcast by La Sexta Columna that turned Adolfo Suarez into a trending topic for several days. Between 1955 and 1972 at least six opinion polls were carried out - perfectly documented and censored or silenced at the time - asking Spaniards about their preferences on the best government system for Spain.
本研究的目的是分析社交媒体、期刊图书馆和获取公共信息在重温西班牙过渡时期的集体记忆时所发挥的作用。这项分析是根据1995年对阿道夫·苏亚雷斯的一次未发表的采访进行的。在采访中,西班牙前总统阿道夫·苏亚雷斯私下向记者维多利亚·普雷戈承认,君主制没有进行公投,因为民意调查显示他们会失败。20年后,在La Sexta Columna播出的一个特别电视节目将阿道夫·苏亚雷斯变成了几天的热门话题后,这些言论曝光了。1955年至1972年间,至少进行了六次民意调查,询问西班牙人对西班牙最佳政府制度的偏好,这些民意调查当时都有完整的记录、审查或沉默。
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引用次数: 1
Reconstructing memory narratives on Facebook with Digital Methods 用数字方法重建Facebook上的记忆叙述
IF 0.3 4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2019-01-17 DOI: 10.3989/CHDJ.2018.014
Òscar Coromina, Adrián Padilla Molina
Social platforms are playing an increasingly more important role in different aspects of our daily lives, which can range from the most mundane to such crucial processes as the transmission of meanings and values in our society. Much of the interest lies in the fact that storytelling on social networks is a collective process in which users participate by creating, sharing and commenting on content. All these actions generate digital traces that are easily accessible, in a non-intrusive and automated manner, which represents an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the mediation of social and cultural phenomena. Digital Methods is an epistemological proposal that, aligned with Studies in Science, Technology and Society (STS), assumes the existence of a technological mediation of social and cultural practices and uses computational techniques, not only to extract the digital traces left by the users of these social networks, but also to analyze and display their content. This article takes as a case study the representation of the Spanish Civil War on Facebook to exemplify the affordances of such a methodological approach to investigate the processes of generation, diffusion and representation of historical knowledge.
社交平台在我们日常生活的不同方面发挥着越来越重要的作用,从最平凡的过程到我们社会中意义和价值观的传递等关键过程。人们的兴趣很大程度上在于,社交网络上的故事讲述是一个集体过程,用户通过创建、分享和评论内容来参与其中。所有这些行动都以非侵入和自动化的方式产生了易于访问的数字痕迹,这为调查社会和文化现象的调解提供了前所未有的机会。数字方法是一种认识论建议,与科学、技术和社会研究(STS)一致,假设存在社会和文化实践的技术中介,并使用计算技术,不仅提取这些社交网络用户留下的数字痕迹,还分析和显示其内容。本文以西班牙内战在脸书上的表现为例,举例说明这种方法论方法对历史知识的生成、传播和表现过程的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Primary sources for a digital-born history: the Hispanic blogosphere on the Spanish Civil War and Franco’s regime 数字历史的主要来源:西班牙博客圈关于西班牙内战和佛朗哥政权
IF 0.3 4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2019-01-17 DOI: 10.3989/CHDJ.2018.016
Matilde Eiroa San Francisco
The digital environment has enabled the creation of new genres and formats that give birth to an array of digital-born sources at the disposal of historians. The traditional digitised sources that refer us to conventional archives are now joined by a series of on-line resources with valuable information on the history and culture of today’s world, which should not be ignored by the historiography focused on studying the recent past as well as historiography aiming to analyse the dialogues between past and present. In this document, we have chosen one of those sources, blogs, and we propose methodological guidelines for their analysis. Moreover, a specific analysis is proposed on blogs related to the history and memory of the Spanish Civil War and Franco’s regime.
数字环境使新的体裁和格式得以创造,从而产生了一系列可供历史学家使用的数字来源。传统的数字化资源是指传统的档案,现在加入了一系列具有当今世界历史和文化宝贵信息的在线资源,这是研究最近过去的史学和分析过去与现在对话的史学所不应该忽视的。在本文档中,我们选择了其中的一个来源——博客,并提出了对其进行分析的方法学指导方针。此外,本文还针对西班牙内战与佛朗哥政权的历史与记忆相关的部落格提出具体分析。
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引用次数: 2
Digital sources: a case study of the analysis of the Recovery of Historical Memory in Spain on the social network Twitter 数字资源:在社交网络Twitter上分析西班牙历史记忆恢复的案例研究
IF 0.3 4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2019-01-17 DOI: 10.3989/CHDJ.2018.015
M. Congosto
The incorporation of digital sources from online social media into historical research brings great opportunities, although it is not without technological challenges. The huge amount of information that can be obtained from these platforms obliges us to resort to the use of quantitative methodologies in which algorithms have special relevance, especially regarding network analysis and data mining. The Recovery of Historical Memory in Spain on the social network Twitter will be analysed in this article. An open-code tool called T-Hoarder was used; it is based on objectivity, transparency and knowledge-sharing. It has been in use since 2012.
将来自在线社交媒体的数字资源整合到历史研究中带来了巨大的机遇,尽管它并非没有技术挑战。可以从这些平台获得的大量信息迫使我们求助于使用定量方法,其中算法具有特殊的相关性,特别是在网络分析和数据挖掘方面。本文将分析社交网络Twitter上西班牙历史记忆的恢复。我们使用了一个名为T-Hoarder的开放代码工具;它建立在客观、透明和知识共享的基础上。自2012年以来一直在使用。
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引用次数: 6
Englishwomen’s petitioning strategies during the 17th century 17世纪英国女性的请愿策略
IF 0.3 4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2019-01-17 DOI: 10.3989/CHDJ.2018.020
Tania Robles Ballesteros
The aim of this article is to study the contents and the diverse forms in which women wrote petitions to Parliament or to the Crown during the second half of the seventeenth-century paying attention to the hugh variety of topics chosen by them and the reception they had in society. We also intend to analyse their discourses and the strategies employed by these women with the objective of reaching their political goals.
本文的目的是研究17世纪下半叶妇女向议会或王室请愿的内容和形式,关注她们选择的各种各样的主题以及她们在社会中受到的欢迎。我们还打算分析她们的话语和这些妇女所采用的策略,以实现她们的政治目标。
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引用次数: 0
European Digital memories in a transnational era. The references from the European Observatory on Memories 跨国时代的欧洲数字记忆。参考资料来自欧洲记忆天文台
IF 0.3 4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2019-01-17 DOI: 10.3989/CHDJ.2018.018
Jordi Guixé i Coromines
This essay takes up the question of transmission in the context of politics and projects of memory from the last decade. I have dubbed this period “the decade of memory, of remembrance”. The first decade of the 21st century saw an exponential growth in digital platforms, focused on catastrophes and conflicts in the previous century as well as more recent events. Public, academic, and institutional initiatives were accompanied by a public and private support to recover the memory of the past in Spain and Europe. This recovery effort placed intangible heritage, and memory at the centre of contemporary historical efforts. Our work and references are analysed from the projects of the European Observatory on Memories (EUROM) criteria, objectives but also technical tools.
这篇文章探讨了在过去十年的政治和记忆项目背景下的传播问题。我把这段时期称为“记忆的十年”。21世纪的前十年,数字平台呈指数级增长,重点关注上个世纪的灾难和冲突以及最近发生的事件。在公共、学术和机构倡议的同时,还提供了公共和私人支持,以恢复西班牙和欧洲对过去的记忆。这项恢复工作将非物质遗产和记忆置于当代历史努力的中心。我们的工作和参考资料来自欧洲记忆观察站(EUROM)的项目标准、目标以及技术工具。
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引用次数: 0
Jurisdictional Culture and Memory Digitization of the “Government of Justice.” Data Modeling and Digital Approach for the Legal History of Ibero-America “正义政府”的司法文化与记忆数字化。伊比利亚-美洲法律史的数据建模和数字化方法
IF 0.3 4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2019-01-17 DOI: 10.3989/CHDJ.2018.017
Víctor Gayol, Jairo Antonio Melo Flórez
Can a machine retrieve the cultural meaning from a corpus of sources? This article addresses the scope and restrictions that digitization, transcription, and data modeling represents for machine-mediated readings of legal, historical records, particularly those derived from the cultural context of Hispanic empire. It compares the dichotomy between the ambiguous language of ancient regime legal texts and the unambiguity required by machinereadable files. Besides, is problematize the corporal reading and the strategy of distant-reading and visualizations as a model for interpretation of vast bulk of textual data. We propose a strategy for segmentation and data modelling for the approach the textual logic of ancient regime legal records based on their hierarchization, interrelation with nonjudiciary sources (theological, historical, philosophical, etc.), its internal segmentation, the non-linear logic of the normative, and the authoritative requirements of compilations and relevant legal works. Its conclude that the advantages of automation are attached to the ability to manipulate files without distorting the original meaning of the texts, therefore, it proposes the necessity to develop standardized vocabularies that help to avoid anachronistic approaches regarding Modern Age legal sources.
机器能从语料库中检索文化意义吗?本文讨论了数字化、转录和数据建模对法律、历史记录(特别是那些源自西班牙帝国文化背景的记录)的机器中介阅读的范围和限制。它比较了古代政权法律文本的歧义语言和机器可读文件所要求的不歧义之间的二分法。此外,他还质疑了身体阅读和远程阅读策略以及可视化作为大量文本数据解释模型的问题。我们基于古代政权法律记录的层次性、与非司法来源(神学、历史、哲学等)的相互关系、其内部分割、规范性的非线性逻辑以及汇编和相关法律著作的权威性要求,提出了一种分割和数据建模策略。它的结论是,自动化的优势在于能够在不扭曲文本原意的情况下操作文件,因此,它提出了开发标准化词汇的必要性,这有助于避免关于现代法律来源的不合时宜的方法。
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引用次数: 1
Legislating the witch: a genealogy of juridical thought 为女巫立法:司法思想谱系
IF 0.3 4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2019-01-17 DOI: 10.3989/CHDJ.2018.021
Brian Warren Johnson
Long before the prosecution of individuals for witchcraft was rendered a legal impossibility in the states of modern Europe, the judicial and executive institutions of those states and their precursors were decisive in both legitimating and moderating, facilitating and constraining the detection, trial, and execution of alleged witches. If we are to impute more than unresolved cognitive dissonance to this paradoxical relationship of the apparatus of state to the perceived reality and threat of witchcraft, then the preconditions and contextual factors predicating that relationship bear investigation. This paper identifies genealogical traces of criminological, political, social, and religious thought embedded within several pivotal bodies of early-modern law pertaining to witchcraft, and attempts to infer the cultural, institutional, and textual sources and conditions from which they derive.
早在现代欧洲国家因巫术起诉个人在法律上变得不可能之前,这些国家及其前身的司法和行政机构就在合法化和调解、促进和限制对被指控的女巫的侦查、审判和处决方面发挥了决定性作用。如果我们要将尚未解决的认知失调归咎于国家机器与感知到的现实和巫术威胁的这种矛盾关系,那么预测这种关系的前提条件和背景因素就值得研究。本文确定了与巫术有关的早期现代法律的几个关键主体中所包含的犯罪学、政治学、社会学和宗教思想的谱系痕迹,并试图推断它们的文化、制度和文本来源和条件。
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引用次数: 0
Categorization of taste in the art of exile through Max Aub, his conections to Malraux, Jean Cassou and the fiveties (50’s) artistic bibliography 通过马克斯·奥布,他与马尔罗,让·卡苏和五十年代艺术书目的联系,对流放艺术的品味进行分类
IF 0.3 4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2018-07-06 DOI: 10.3989/CHDJ.2018.007
Dolores Fernández-Martínez
With the passing of time, the novel published by Max Aub in Mexico 1958, Jusep Torres Campalans, uncovers itshelf as a mirror where we see the relationship between spanish and french historiography at the time, pertaining the spanish label, the vanguardias and Picasso, Goya and Juan Gris. A valuable addition to studies on the concept of spanish art, and spacifically spanish republican art in exile.
随着时间的流逝,马克斯·奥布1958年在墨西哥出版的小说《尤塞普·托雷斯·坎帕兰》(Jusep Torres Campalans)像一面镜子一样揭开了它的架子,我们看到了当时西班牙和法国史学之间的关系,有关西班牙标签,先锋派和毕加索,戈雅和胡安·格里斯。对西班牙艺术概念的研究,特别是流亡中的西班牙共和艺术,有价值的补充。
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引用次数: 0
Dismissals of the Congress for Cultural Freedom’s representatives in Latin America as part of the strategy of “Opening to the Left” (1961-1964) 解雇文化自由大会在拉丁美洲的代表,作为“向左开放”战略的一部分(1961-1964)
IF 0.3 4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2018-07-06 DOI: 10.3989/CHDJ.2018.010
Olga Glondys
This article reconstructs the history and the polemics surrounding an operation of dismissals of the Congress for Cultural Freedom’s [CCF] local representatives in Latin America carried out between 1961 and 1964. The operation was a consequence of adoption of the new guidelines -“Opening to the Left”- implemented as a basis of the new Latin American program in response to the Cuban Revolution by the CCF’s executives. The process of dismissals in the local Committees dismantled the original Latin American program of the CCF and affected mainly representatives proceeding from the Spanish exile diaspora. In fact, the operation became a culmination of a process of marginalization of the Spanish exiles within the CCF structures. The study highlights the CCF’s politics of limiting of the personal political and cultural agendas of those of its employees who entered into collision with the Congress’s general ideological changing strategies.
本文重构了1961年至1964年间拉丁美洲文化自由大会(CCF)地方代表被解职的历史和争论。此次行动是CCF高管采用新的指导方针——“向左翼开放”——作为应对古巴革命的新拉丁美洲计划的基础而实施的结果。地方委员会的罢免程序废除了CCF最初的拉丁美洲计划,主要影响了来自西班牙流亡海外的代表。事实上,这次行动成为西班牙流亡人士在CCF结构中边缘化进程的高潮。该研究强调了CCF的政治,即限制其员工的个人政治和文化议程,这些员工与国会的总体意识形态变革战略发生了冲突。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Culture & History Digital Journal
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