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Advances in understanding Learning by Observing and Pitching In to family and community endeavours (LOPI). Introduction to the special issue (Avances en la comprensión de Aprender por medio de Observar y Acomedirse en las actividades de la familia y la comunidad (LOPI). Introducción al número especial) 《通过观察和推送家庭和社区努力了解学习的进展》。特别问题导论(通过观察和参与家庭和社区活动来理解学习的进展)。特刊简介)
IF 0.8 4区 教育学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-18 DOI: 10.1080/02103702.2022.2087337
Rebeca Mejía-Arauz, Barbara Rogoff, Amy Dexter

ABSTRACT

This article presents conceptual and empirical advances relating to Learning by Observing and Pitching In to family and community endeavours (LOPI). The opening article offers a new version of the LOPI model and a focused analysis of the key role of community. The other nine articles provide evidence of the social organization of LOPI, based on an axiology of relationality, respect, reciprocity and pitching in, in many Indigenous communities of the Americas. They discuss Indigenous theory and axiologies, as well as ethical attunements in LOPI; the importance of observation, respect, autonomy and laughter for learning; and the opportunities that LOPI brings to the revitalization of Indigenous languages, in learning at school and in online gaming communities. This issue shows how the LOPI paradigm is based in relationality and respect in communion among people, other beings and the land that we inhabit.

摘要本文介绍了通过观察和投入家庭和社区努力(LOPI)来学习的概念和经验进展。开篇文章提供了LOPI模型的新版本,并重点分析了社区的关键作用。其他九篇文章提供了LOPI社会组织的证据,该组织基于关系、尊重、互惠和参与的价值论,在美洲的许多土著社区中。他们讨论了本土理论和价值论,以及LOPI的伦理调谐;观察、尊重、自主和笑对学习的重要性;以及LOPI为振兴土著语言、在学校学习和在线游戏社区带来的机会。这个问题显示了LOPI范式是如何建立在人与人、其他生物和我们居住的土地之间共融的关系和尊重的基础上的。
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引用次数: 0
Intervention in the coherence of narrative discourse in students with Developmental Language Disorder and with Typical Development (Intervención en la coherencia del discurso narrativo de alumnado con Trastorno del Desarrollo del Lenguaje y con Desarrollo Típico) 发展性语言障碍与典型发展学生叙事话语一致性的干预(语言发展障碍与典型发展学生叙事话语一致性的干预)
IF 0.8 4区 教育学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1080/02103702.2022.2096279
Atteneri Delgado-Cruz, Víctor M Acosta-Rodríguez, Gustavo M Ramírez-Santana
ABSTRACT The main goal of this study was to ascertain the effectiveness of an intervention programme on narrative coherence in students with Typical Development (TD) and with a Developmental Language Disorder (DLD). Participants were 99 five-year-old students from schools in Tenerife. A task involving retelling a story was used for the narrative analysis, in which we studied thematic unity and the causal and temporal semantic relationships. The intervention programme, which had a total of 55 20-minute sessions, was organized into different practice levels and enlisted the collaboration of teachers and speech therapists. Two experimental groups (DLD and TD) and two control groups (DLD and TD) were established. The results show that students with DLD initially showed worse performance on coherence than their classmates with TD. After the programme, the students who received the intervention not only improved their performance but showed the strongest gains in thematic unity and mental state-causal relationships. The working model used serves as a guide for early intervention.
摘要本研究的主要目的是确定一个干预方案对典型发展性语言障碍(TD)和发展性语言障碍(DLD)学生叙事连贯性的有效性。参与者是来自特内里费岛学校的99名5岁学生。以复述故事为任务进行叙事分析,研究主题统一性、因果语义关系和时间语义关系。干预计划共55次,每次20分钟,分为不同的练习级别,并得到教师和言语治疗师的合作。设2个试验组(DLD和TD)和2个对照组(DLD和TD)。结果表明,DLD学生在连贯性方面的表现比TD学生差。在课程结束后,接受干预的学生不仅提高了他们的成绩,而且在主题统一性和心理状态-因果关系方面表现出最大的进步。所使用的工作模型可作为早期干预的指导。
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引用次数: 0
Characterisation of the professional identity of school principals (Caracterización de la identidad profesional de los directores de escuela) 学校校长职业认同的特征化(学校校长职业认同的特征化)
IF 0.8 4区 教育学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1080/02103702.2022.2096289
Núria Mollá, Montserrat Castelló
ABSTRACT Despite the growth in research on the impact of school administration on educational improvement in the past 10 years, the characterization of the identity of school principals is a controversial, pending issue. In this study, we set out to undertake this characterization from a dialogic perspective by tracking four expert principals over the course of one academic year. Via a longitudinal design with multiple case studies, we analysed their repertoire of positions and their variations. The instruments included a reflective journal, interviews based on the self-confrontation method and a discussion group. Our results indicate not only that the principals share their positioning as promoters of learning and project managers when dealing with professional events but that dialogue among internal and external voices enables them to deal with the conflicts and tensions among positions constructively. We conclude that principals’ professional identity can be developed through conscious, strategic reflection on the positions they take within the context of their professional activity.
尽管在过去的10年里,关于学校管理对教育改善影响的研究越来越多,但学校校长身份的表征是一个有争议的悬而未决的问题。在这项研究中,我们从对话的角度出发,通过在一个学年的过程中跟踪四位专家校长来进行这种特征描述。通过纵向设计与多个案例研究,我们分析了他们的位置及其变化。这些工具包括一份反思日志、基于自我对抗方法的访谈和一个讨论小组。我们的研究结果表明,在处理专业事件时,校长不仅分享了他们作为学习促进者和项目经理的定位,而且内部和外部声音之间的对话使他们能够建设性地处理职位之间的冲突和紧张关系。我们的结论是,校长的职业认同可以通过有意识地、战略性地反思他们在其专业活动背景下所采取的立场来发展。
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引用次数: 2
Same-different letter decision task: a study with Spanish children with dyslexia (Tarea de decisión de letras igual-diferente: un estudio con niños españoles con dislexia) 同样不同的字母决策任务:一项对西班牙诵读困难儿童的研究
IF 0.8 4区 教育学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1080/02103702.2022.2096298
Cristina Martínez-García, F. Cuetos, Paz Suárez‐Coalla
ABSTRACT It is common to see mirror errors in letters in early stages of reading due to the mirror-generalization process that allows a visual stimulus to be identified independently of its orientation. To avoid such errors, this process must be inhibited. A special case would be children with dyslexia since their difficulties with the alphabetic code may also delay the acquisition of correct letter orientation. We investigated the relationship between reversible errors in reading and dyslexia. Twenty-seven Spanish-speaking children with dyslexia (7–12 years old) and 27 chronological-age-matched controls performed a ‘same-different’ letter decision task on reversible and non-reversible letters. Results showed that all participants required more time and committed more errors in discriminating reversible letters. In addition, worse execution was observed in the dyslexic group, which seems to indicate that this group is delayed in the acquisition of correct letter orientation. Therefore, our results indicated that overcoming reading errors in mirrors depends to some extent on the reading competence of the children and the ability to inhibit the process of generalization of mirrors.
在阅读的早期阶段,由于镜像泛化过程使视觉刺激独立于其方向而被识别,因此在字母中看到镜像错误是很常见的。为了避免这样的错误,这个过程必须被抑制。一个特殊的情况是患有阅读障碍的儿童,因为他们在字母编码方面的困难也可能延迟获得正确的字母方向。我们调查了阅读中可逆性错误和阅读障碍之间的关系。27名患有阅读障碍的西班牙语儿童(7-12岁)和27名时间年龄匹配的对照者对可逆和非可逆字母进行了“相同-不同”的字母决策任务。结果表明,所有参与者在区分可逆字母时都需要更多的时间和更多的错误。此外,在诵读困难组中观察到更差的执行,这似乎表明这一组在获得正确的字母方向方面延迟。因此,我们的研究结果表明,克服镜子阅读错误在一定程度上取决于儿童的阅读能力和抑制镜子泛化过程的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Indigenous language revitalization through Observing and Pitching In to family and community endeavours: a rationale and description (Revitalización de la lengua indígena por medio de Observar y Acomedirse en las actividades de la familia y la comunidad: fundamentos y descripción) 通过观察和倡导家庭和社区的努力振兴土著语言:理由和描述(通过观察和参与家庭和社区活动振兴土著语言:基础和描述)
IF 0.8 4区 教育学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/02103702.2022.2059945
Richard Henne-Ochoa
ABSTRACT This article promotes a grounded approach to Indigenous language revitalization that honours Indigenous peoples’ desire to restore Indigenous language use in their daily lives. The approach offers a way of revitalizing Indigenous languages by reintegrating them into Indigenous social life and an Indigenous way of learning, thus also sustaining and revitalizing Indigenous cultures. Drawing upon studies of informal learning in Indigenous-heritage communities in the Americas, as well as studies of family and community language revitalization programmes, the approach promotes Indigenous language communicative competence through participation in everyday-life activities. It capitalizes on the prevalent practice in Indigenous communities of Learning by Observing and Pitching In to family and community endeavours (LOPI), which serves as social and cultural scaffolding onto which communication in Indigenous languages can be intentionally reattached. In this way, the family- and community-centred approach that is promoted complements daycare- and school-based Indigenous language revitalization initiatives.
本文提出了一种基于基础的土著语言复兴方法,尊重土著人民在日常生活中恢复土著语言使用的愿望。这种方法提供了一种通过将土著语言重新纳入土著社会生活和土著学习方式来振兴土著语言的方法,从而也维持和振兴土著文化。根据对美洲土著遗产社区非正式学习的研究,以及对家庭和社区语言振兴方案的研究,该方法通过参与日常生活活动来促进土著语言交际能力。它利用了土著社区普遍的“通过观察和参与家庭和社区活动来学习”(LOPI)的做法,这是一种社会和文化框架,可以有意地将土著语言的交流重新连接起来。这样,所提倡的以家庭和社区为中心的办法补充了以日托所和学校为基础的土著语言振兴倡议。
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引用次数: 1
The role of laughter in correcting the efforts of learners in daily activities (El papel de la risa para corregir los esfuerzos de los aprendices en actividades cotidianas) 笑声在纠正学习者在日常活动中的努力中的作用(El papel de la risa para corregir los esfuerzos de los aprendices en actividades cotidianas)
IF 0.8 4区 教育学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/02103702.2022.2059949
Margarita Martínez-Pérez
ABSTRACT This study focuses on examining the importance of affectivity and humour as part of Learning by Observing and Pitching In to family and community endeavours (LOPI). Specifically, it highlights the role of laughter in the form of a spontaneous expression of a certain type of humour. This laughter is the central element for coexistence during socialization focused on attention and body management, occurring while learners and experts in a Tzotzil village in Chiapas, Mexico, are jointly engaged in various activities.
本研究的重点是研究情感和幽默作为通过观察学习和投入家庭和社区活动(LOPI)的一部分的重要性。具体来说,它强调了笑在某种幽默的自发表达形式中的作用。在墨西哥恰帕斯州的Tzotzil村,学习者和专家共同进行各种活动时,这种笑声是专注于注意力和身体管理的社会化过程中共存的核心要素。
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引用次数: 2
Children Learning by Observing and Pitching In to community endeavours in online gaming communities (Los niños Aprenden por medio de Observar y Acomedirse a las actividades de la comunidad en los juegos en línea) 儿童通过观察和参与网络游戏社区的社区努力来学习(儿童通过观察和参与网络游戏社区活动来学习)
IF 0.8 4区 教育学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/02103702.2022.2062902
E. Rivero, K. Gutiérrez
ABSTRACT In this article, we examine how a Latinx eight-year-old child’s participation in an online gaming community supported his involvement in a way of learning termed Learning by Observing and Pitching In (LOPI). Specifically, we focus on how the way that the online gaming community was organized allowed the child to be incorporated to contribute to a range of the online gaming community’s activities. In the two examples, we reveal how the child leveraged digital tools to coordinate fluidly and complete shared endeavours with others in his gaming environments. Moreover, through in-depth analyses of the child’s video gaming activity, we argue that children learn by observing gamer-produced media and pitch in to online gaming communities through their gameplay. As such, the article has implications for how children participate through LOPI in virtual communities through their everyday media practices. We end with a discussion on how contexts organized around play, such as online gaming communities, can be fruitful sites of learning in which children develop digital literacies by observing and pitching in.
在这篇文章中,我们研究了一个8岁的拉丁裔儿童在网络游戏社区的参与如何支持他参与一种被称为通过观察和投入学习(LOPI)的学习方式。具体来说,我们关注的是如何组织在线游戏社区的方式,允许孩子被纳入到一系列在线游戏社区的活动中。在这两个例子中,我们揭示了孩子如何利用数字工具在他的游戏环境中流畅地协调和完成与其他人的共同努力。此外,通过对儿童视频游戏活动的深入分析,我们认为儿童通过观察玩家制作的媒体来学习,并通过他们的游戏融入在线游戏社区。因此,这篇文章对儿童如何通过LOPI通过他们的日常媒体实践参与虚拟社区具有启示意义。最后,我们讨论了围绕游戏组织的环境(如在线游戏社区)如何成为富有成效的学习场所,儿童可以通过观察和参与来培养数字素养。
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引用次数: 2
Constructions of the self in education: positioning and agency of learners and teachers (Construcciones del sí mismo en educación: posicionamiento y agencia de aprendices y enseñantes) 教育中的自我建构:学习者与教师的定位与代理
IF 0.8 4区 教育学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/02103702.2022.2102290
A. Ventura, Eva Liesa-Hernández, Mónica Roncacio-Moreno
Learning and teaching are not only about acquiring a pedagogical knowledge base but are also context-bound, socially-mediated processes of identity construction. How students and educators position themselves as learners and teachers in a diversity of educational contexts affects what and how they learn and teach. The research about positioning and agency in learners and teachers accounts for the inherent tension between innovation and stability, as well as the ways in which their identities are embedded within larger ideological structures and circulating contemporary educational discourses. However, despite recent theoretical and empirical attempts to inte-grate the construction of the self as learners and teachers and their agency in educational research, the question of to what extent the two concepts interact with each other has seldom been explicitly addressed. In this regard, this special issue aims to extend the studies previously published in JSED (Monereo et al., 2013; Prados et al., 2014; Solari, 2017; Ventura, 2017) by addressing these relatively under-researched aspects of the self as learner and teacher in a variety of educational contexts. Potential submissions could strive to answer (but are not limited to) the following questions:
学习和教学不仅是获取教学知识基础,也是情境约束的、社会中介的身份建构过程。在不同的教育环境中,学生和教育工作者如何将自己定位为学习者和教师,会影响他们学习和教学的内容和方式。关于学习者和教师的定位和代理的研究解释了创新与稳定之间的内在张力,以及他们的身份嵌入更大的意识形态结构和传播当代教育话语的方式。然而,尽管最近的理论和实证尝试整合作为学习者和教师的自我构建及其在教育研究中的代理,但这两个概念相互作用的程度的问题很少得到明确解决。在这方面,本期特刊旨在扩展JSED先前发表的研究(Monereo et al., 2013;Prados et al., 2014;索拉里,2017;文图拉,2017)通过解决在各种教育背景下作为学习者和教师的自我这些相对研究不足的方面。潜在的提交可以努力回答(但不限于)以下问题:
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引用次数: 0
The key role of community in Learning by Observing and Pitching In to family and community endeavours (El papel clave de la comunidad en Aprender por medio de Observar y Acomedirse en las actividades de la familia y la comunidad) 社区在通过观察和促进家庭和社区努力学习方面的关键作用(社区在通过观察和参与家庭和社区活动学习方面的关键作用)
IF 0.8 4区 教育学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/02103702.2022.2086770
B. Rogoff, Rebeca Mejía-Arauz
ABSTRACT This article focuses on communities’ contributions to a way of learning that seems to be common in many Indigenous communities of the Americas and among people with heritage in such communities: Learning by Observing and Pitching In to family and community endeavours (LOPI). We briefly contrast this with community contributions in Assembly-Line Instruction, a way of learning that is common in Western schooling, to highlight the distinct contributions of community in these two ways of learning. We theoretically situate the two ways of learning, considering communities and individuals as mutually constituting aspects of the process of life, not as separate entities. Then we discuss the contributions of community to the reasons that people participate, how they interact, and the underlying theory of learning and purpose of learning in LOPI. We briefly address the role of community in how people communicate with each other and evaluate learning. To conclude, we consider the prevalence of LOPI both within Indigenous-heritage communities of the Americas and elsewhere, and our hopes for the contribution of describing this way of learning.
摘要:本文关注社区对一种学习方式的贡献,这种学习方式似乎在许多美洲土著社区和这些社区的遗产人群中很常见:通过观察和投入家庭和社区努力来学习(LOPI)。我们简要地将其与装配线教学中的社区贡献进行对比,装配线教学是西方学校中常见的一种学习方式,以突出社区在这两种学习方式中的独特贡献。从理论上讲,我们把这两种学习方式放在一起,把社区和个人看作是生活过程中相互构成的两个方面,而不是分开的实体。然后,我们讨论了社区对人们参与的原因的贡献,他们如何互动,以及学习的基本理论和学习的目的。我们简要地讨论了社区在人们如何相互交流和评估学习中的作用。最后,我们考虑了LOPI在美洲和其他地方的土著遗产社区的普遍性,以及我们对描述这种学习方式的贡献的希望。
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引用次数: 5
Why and how communities Learn by Observing and Pitching In: Indigenous axiologies and ethical commitments in LOPI (Cómo y por qué las comunidades Aprenden por medio de Observar y Acomedirse axiologías indígenas y compromisos éticos en el modelo LOPI) 社区为什么以及如何通过观察和推介来学习:LOPI中的土著公理和伦理承诺(社区如何以及为什么通过观察和衡量LOPI模型中的土著公理和伦理承诺来学习)
IF 0.8 4区 教育学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/02103702.2022.2062916
Emma Elliott-Groves, Meixi
ABSTRACT Indigenous Knowledge Systems and their underlying ethical qualities guide social interaction and the process by which Indigenous children learn what it means to be a person within family and community life. Using the Learning by Observing and Pitching In (LOPI) framework as a starting point, this paper explores a case study of a death in the Cowichan Tribes community to illuminate four ethical qualities (relationality, reciprocity, responsibility, respect) associated with (1) the social organization of the community guided by a sense of community consciousness and (2) Indigenous concepts of time and space. Using the social organization of the community and Indigenous concepts of time and space as broad themes, we aim to illustrate how culturally determined ethical qualities guide every social interaction and thus inform human development and learning, broadly. By including ethics that guide social relationships in the LOPI framework, educators and researchers may gain a deeper understanding of how children learn in communities and how their participation in community activities informs their sense of self.
土著知识体系及其潜在的道德品质指导着社会互动和土著儿童在家庭和社区生活中学习做人的意义的过程。本文以“通过观察和参与来学习”(LOPI)框架为出发点,探讨了一个发生在科伊坎部落社区的死亡案例,以阐明与(1)由社区意识引导的社区社会组织(2)土著时间和空间概念相关的四种伦理品质(关系、互惠、责任、尊重)。利用社区的社会组织和土著的时间和空间概念作为广泛的主题,我们旨在说明文化决定的道德品质如何指导每一次社会互动,从而广泛地为人类的发展和学习提供信息。通过将指导社会关系的伦理纳入LOPI框架,教育工作者和研究人员可以更深入地了解儿童如何在社区中学习,以及他们参与社区活动如何影响他们的自我意识。
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引用次数: 2
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Journal for the Study of Education and Development
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