Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.03.52
Noor luay Hussein, Zainab Al-Bawi
The integrated concepts of biology, physics, fluid dynamics, chemistry, material science, and microelectronics provide the foundation of the relatively young area of microfluidics. Various materials may be processed into tiny chips with microscale channels and chambers. Regarding PMMA material and production methods, microfluidic biosensor platform technology also focuses on enhancing rhodamine B's fluorescence via adding carbon nanotubes, with additional benefits including restricted detection, high sensitivity, high stability, repeatability., quick response analysis, low consumption of sample volume, high throughput, also ease of operation applications of these remarkable devices. Keywords: microfluidics, CO2 laser ablation; Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope, PMMA, Carbon nanotubes, fluorescent.
{"title":"Microfluidic sensors platform technology to enhancement fluorescence","authors":"Noor luay Hussein, Zainab Al-Bawi","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.03.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.03.52","url":null,"abstract":"The integrated concepts of biology, physics, fluid dynamics, chemistry, material science, and microelectronics provide the foundation of the relatively young area of microfluidics. Various materials may be processed into tiny chips with microscale channels and chambers. Regarding PMMA material and production methods, microfluidic biosensor platform technology also focuses on enhancing rhodamine B's fluorescence via adding carbon nanotubes, with additional benefits including restricted detection, high sensitivity, high stability, repeatability., quick response analysis, low consumption of sample volume, high throughput, also ease of operation applications of these remarkable devices. Keywords: microfluidics, CO2 laser ablation; Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope, PMMA, Carbon nanotubes, fluorescent.","PeriodicalId":52287,"journal":{"name":"Revista Bionatura","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135761180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.22
Amal Radhi Jubier, Mustafa Thabit Ail
The study area was chosen to include three physiographic sites on the Diyala River, as it is located in the village of Umm Al-Azam between longitudes 33.71785 east and latitudes 44.6185 north. There are four pedons in each A physiographic unit, two of which are in cultivated sites and the other two are in unexploited agricultural sites, so the total of the studied pedons is twelve. The results of laboratory analysis showed that the lowest content of available nitrogen for the cultivated sites was in the soils of river levees and the highest content in the soils of the river basins, while in the abandoned soil sites, it was the lowest content in the soils of the river basins and the highest content in the soils of depressions, and that the variance of the available nitrogen content in the soils of the cultivated pedons sites was moderate. The results indicated that the available phosphorous content in the sites of cultivated pedons soils ranged between 17.25 – 40.24 mg kg-1 as it was the lowest content in river levee and the highest in the depressions soils, while the available phosphorous content in the soils of the abandoned pedons sites ranged between 19.19 - 43.00 mg kg-1 as it was the lowest content in river basins and the highest content in depressions soils, while the variance of phosphorus in the cultivated soils pedons was of slight variation available. The available potassium content in the soils of the planted pedons sites ranged between 175.60 - 255.17 mg kg-1 , as it was the lowest content in the river levee and the highest in the soils of the river basins. The available potassium content in the soils of the abandoned pedons sites ranged between 170.64 - 257.45 mg kg-1 , where the lowest content of the available potassium was in the river levee soils, and the highest was in the depressions soils. Also, the variance of the available potassium in the pedons' soils was very little. As for the effect of the interaction between agricultural exploitation and physiographic sites and horizons in the characteristics of the study area, the results of the statistical analysis indicated that all study indicators represented by sites, type of use, horizons and their interactions did not have a significant effect of increasing nitrogen in the soil of the study area, as well as phosphorous and potassium. Keywords: N, P, K, nutrients, physiographic location, agricultural exploitation.
{"title":"Agricultural exploitation and physiographic location in the availability of nutrients to the soil of Diyala Governorate","authors":"Amal Radhi Jubier, Mustafa Thabit Ail","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.22","url":null,"abstract":"The study area was chosen to include three physiographic sites on the Diyala River, as it is located in the village of Umm Al-Azam between longitudes 33.71785 east and latitudes 44.6185 north. There are four pedons in each A physiographic unit, two of which are in cultivated sites and the other two are in unexploited agricultural sites, so the total of the studied pedons is twelve. The results of laboratory analysis showed that the lowest content of available nitrogen for the cultivated sites was in the soils of river levees and the highest content in the soils of the river basins, while in the abandoned soil sites, it was the lowest content in the soils of the river basins and the highest content in the soils of depressions, and that the variance of the available nitrogen content in the soils of the cultivated pedons sites was moderate. The results indicated that the available phosphorous content in the sites of cultivated pedons soils ranged between 17.25 – 40.24 mg kg-1 as it was the lowest content in river levee and the highest in the depressions soils, while the available phosphorous content in the soils of the abandoned pedons sites ranged between 19.19 - 43.00 mg kg-1 as it was the lowest content in river basins and the highest content in depressions soils, while the variance of phosphorus in the cultivated soils pedons was of slight variation available. The available potassium content in the soils of the planted pedons sites ranged between 175.60 - 255.17 mg kg-1 , as it was the lowest content in the river levee and the highest in the soils of the river basins. The available potassium content in the soils of the abandoned pedons sites ranged between 170.64 - 257.45 mg kg-1 , where the lowest content of the available potassium was in the river levee soils, and the highest was in the depressions soils. Also, the variance of the available potassium in the pedons' soils was very little. As for the effect of the interaction between agricultural exploitation and physiographic sites and horizons in the characteristics of the study area, the results of the statistical analysis indicated that all study indicators represented by sites, type of use, horizons and their interactions did not have a significant effect of increasing nitrogen in the soil of the study area, as well as phosphorous and potassium. Keywords: N, P, K, nutrients, physiographic location, agricultural exploitation.","PeriodicalId":52287,"journal":{"name":"Revista Bionatura","volume":"13 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136183130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.28
Raghad Nawaf Al-zaidy, Aryan Mohammed Hamed, Taghreed Nawaf Ahmed
The genetic diversity of 4 R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii and R. leguminosarum bv. Phaseoli that was extracted from root nodes of Trifolium spp and Phaseolus vulgaris L cultivars circulated in Mosul soils were investigated. The bacteria strains under study show similar tolerance levels against some external factors. In the current study, using classical diagnosis methods, similarity and distance indices and DNA polymorphism were examined with the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA. The isolates were distributed through genetic diversification into two main classes, including two main branches, Rl2 and the other sub-group was divided into Rl3, and the neighboring group involved Rl1 and Rl4. It is noted that individual plants and abiotic aspects were less affected than the Genetic factor on bacterial diversity. On the other hand, in multiplex-PCR reaction, Our outcomes revealed specific amplified for R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii with amplification products 419 bp and R. leguminosarum bv. Phaseoli with amplification products 362 bp. Keywords: R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli, R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii , nodules, multiplex-PCR, RAPD-PCR .
{"title":"Detection of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii and Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli isolated from root nodules of leguminous plants by multiplex-PCR","authors":"Raghad Nawaf Al-zaidy, Aryan Mohammed Hamed, Taghreed Nawaf Ahmed","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.28","url":null,"abstract":"The genetic diversity of 4 R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii and R. leguminosarum bv. Phaseoli that was extracted from root nodes of Trifolium spp and Phaseolus vulgaris L cultivars circulated in Mosul soils were investigated. The bacteria strains under study show similar tolerance levels against some external factors. In the current study, using classical diagnosis methods, similarity and distance indices and DNA polymorphism were examined with the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA. The isolates were distributed through genetic diversification into two main classes, including two main branches, Rl2 and the other sub-group was divided into Rl3, and the neighboring group involved Rl1 and Rl4. It is noted that individual plants and abiotic aspects were less affected than the Genetic factor on bacterial diversity. On the other hand, in multiplex-PCR reaction, Our outcomes revealed specific amplified for R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii with amplification products 419 bp and R. leguminosarum bv. Phaseoli with amplification products 362 bp. Keywords: R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli, R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii , nodules, multiplex-PCR, RAPD-PCR .","PeriodicalId":52287,"journal":{"name":"Revista Bionatura","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136183308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.27
Hussein Ali Mohammed Zekri, Alan Issa Saleem, Abeer Basim Mahmood, Dina Hamid Obaid
there has been a trend for using aesthetic orthodontic treatment by many patients recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the brushing effect of three brands of toothpaste on the frictional resistance of two brands of aesthetic archwires (in wet conditions). in this study, two brands of fully coated aesthetic archwires, Teflon-coated and Epoxy-coated archwires, were utilized in the study. Forty segments from the straight ends of each archwire were cut (total of 80 wires), inserted into ceramic brackets and ligated with the conventional figure "O" elastomeric ligatures (bonded on CNC blocks). Every ten pieces for each type of aesthetic archwire were brushed for one minute daily for thirty days with three types of toothpaste (Ortho. Kin, GUMOrtho and LACALUT White & Repair) and distilled water (except ten pieces for each type of aesthetic archwire were brushed only with distilled water and without toothpaste). These CNC blocks were tested using an Instron Tinius Olsen machine with distilled water. The tests used for statistical analysis were an Independent t-test and an ANOVA test at a 0.05 level of significance. The study showed no significant difference in static and kinetic frictional resistance between the coated archwire and the kinds of toothpaste. The orthodontists can use either Epoxy or Teflon-coated archwires for patients undergoing orthodontic treatment (working stage) who are using either type of toothpaste (Ortho. Kin, GUMOrtho or LACALUT White & Repair) for maintenance of oral hygiene. Keywords: Aesthetic archwires, Friction, Toothpaste
近年来，越来越多的患者选择美学正畸治疗。本研究的目的是评估三种牙膏对两种美学弧线的摩擦阻力的刷牙效果(在潮湿条件下)。本研究采用了特氟龙涂层和环氧涂层两种品牌的全涂层美学弓线。从每个弧线的直端切下40段(共80根)，插入陶瓷支架中，并用传统的数字“O”型橡胶结扎(粘合在CNC块上)结扎。每十根每一种类型的美学弧线每天用三种牙膏刷一分钟，持续30天。Kin, GUMOrtho和LACALUT White &修复)和蒸馏水(除了每种类型的10根美学弧线只用蒸馏水刷，不使用牙膏)。使用Instron Tinius Olsen机器和蒸馏水对这些CNC块进行测试。用于统计分析的检验为独立t检验和显著性水平为0.05的方差分析检验。研究表明，涂覆的弓丝与牙膏的静、动摩擦阻力无显著差异。正畸医生可以为正在接受正畸治疗(工作阶段)的患者使用环氧树脂或特氟龙涂层的弓丝，而这些患者使用的是任何一种牙膏(Ortho。Kin, GUMOrtho或LACALUT White &维修)以维持口腔卫生。关键词:美学弧线，摩擦，牙膏
{"title":"Evaluation of the effect of different toothpastes on the frictional resistance of aesthetic archwires: an in vitro study","authors":"Hussein Ali Mohammed Zekri, Alan Issa Saleem, Abeer Basim Mahmood, Dina Hamid Obaid","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.27","url":null,"abstract":"there has been a trend for using aesthetic orthodontic treatment by many patients recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the brushing effect of three brands of toothpaste on the frictional resistance of two brands of aesthetic archwires (in wet conditions). in this study, two brands of fully coated aesthetic archwires, Teflon-coated and Epoxy-coated archwires, were utilized in the study. Forty segments from the straight ends of each archwire were cut (total of 80 wires), inserted into ceramic brackets and ligated with the conventional figure \"O\" elastomeric ligatures (bonded on CNC blocks). Every ten pieces for each type of aesthetic archwire were brushed for one minute daily for thirty days with three types of toothpaste (Ortho. Kin, GUMOrtho and LACALUT White & Repair) and distilled water (except ten pieces for each type of aesthetic archwire were brushed only with distilled water and without toothpaste). These CNC blocks were tested using an Instron Tinius Olsen machine with distilled water. The tests used for statistical analysis were an Independent t-test and an ANOVA test at a 0.05 level of significance. The study showed no significant difference in static and kinetic frictional resistance between the coated archwire and the kinds of toothpaste. The orthodontists can use either Epoxy or Teflon-coated archwires for patients undergoing orthodontic treatment (working stage) who are using either type of toothpaste (Ortho. Kin, GUMOrtho or LACALUT White & Repair) for maintenance of oral hygiene. Keywords: Aesthetic archwires, Friction, Toothpaste","PeriodicalId":52287,"journal":{"name":"Revista Bionatura","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136183309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.03.14
Shaimaa, A. Shlash, Huda, A. Saleh, Fatima, R. Almashhady
Hymenolepis nana is a common parasitic disease that spreads mainly to children. The present study aims to circulate anti-parasite antibody responses against H.nana in the symptomatic and asymptomatic IN children with assured hymenolepiasis examined in Al-Najaf province. Symptomatic patients were explicitly used as follows: the existence of H.nana eggs in the feces with more symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, losing weight, flatulency, appetite loss, and nausea. Antiparasite of the humoral immune response had been measured using indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and ELISA. A significant disparity was noticed in the antiparasite antibody response when measuring the IFA of the asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. Over 37% of asymptomatic patients had a titer of 1:500 or lower, and more than 28% of symptomatic patients had a titer of 1:8000 or higher. When measured by ELISA, the circulation of anti-parasite overall IgM and IgA is significantly higher in symptomatic than asymptomatic patients, as regarding upper egg production showed in the symptomatic people. Keywords: Hymenolepis nana, Cysticercoids, asymptomatic and symptomatic patients, Antibody response.
{"title":"Screening of serum antibody to symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with Hymenolepis nana","authors":"Shaimaa, A. Shlash, Huda, A. Saleh, Fatima, R. Almashhady","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.03.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.03.14","url":null,"abstract":"Hymenolepis nana is a common parasitic disease that spreads mainly to children. The present study aims to circulate anti-parasite antibody responses against H.nana in the symptomatic and asymptomatic IN children with assured hymenolepiasis examined in Al-Najaf province. Symptomatic patients were explicitly used as follows: the existence of H.nana eggs in the feces with more symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, losing weight, flatulency, appetite loss, and nausea. Antiparasite of the humoral immune response had been measured using indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and ELISA. A significant disparity was noticed in the antiparasite antibody response when measuring the IFA of the asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. Over 37% of asymptomatic patients had a titer of 1:500 or lower, and more than 28% of symptomatic patients had a titer of 1:8000 or higher. When measured by ELISA, the circulation of anti-parasite overall IgM and IgA is significantly higher in symptomatic than asymptomatic patients, as regarding upper egg production showed in the symptomatic people. Keywords: Hymenolepis nana, Cysticercoids, asymptomatic and symptomatic patients, Antibody response.","PeriodicalId":52287,"journal":{"name":"Revista Bionatura","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136183829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.55
Ali Mohammed Hussein, Neran Salem Aljarah
The study was conducted in the fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences for the 2022 season, University of Baghdad / Al-Jadriya. The study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of soaking the okra seeds of the Hissainawya and Batra varieties with 0.05% Humic acid for 12 hours in controlling the disease of rot, damping off, and root rot caused by the fungus Fusarium solani. The results showed the effectiveness of soaking treatment with Humic acid in reducing the disease incidence with damping off and root rot of okra seeds of the Hissainawya variety when planted in soil contaminated with the pathogen. In comparison, it reached 25% compared to the pathogen treatment only, which amounted to 75% in field conditions after 30 days of sowing. The average infection ratio and severity in okra plants after 70 days of sowing the Hissainawya variety in treating soaking with Humic acid. Besides, the soil spraying after 40 days of sowing in soil contaminated with the pathogen was 26.67 and 41.67%, respectively, with a significant difference from the treatment of the pathogen F. solani, which amounted to 55.67 and 58.33%, respectively. Finally, treating okra seeds of Hissainawya and Batra varieties with Humic acid had a significant effect on increasing plant height and dry weight, in general. Moreover, the Hissainawya variety responded more to the treatment of soaking with Humic acid compared to the treatment of soaking seeds for the Batra variety in field conditions. Key words: Fusarium solani, Humic acid, Soaking seeds, okra.
{"title":"Seed Treatment of Okra with Humic Acid to Control Pathogen of Damping-Off Fusarium Solani.","authors":"Ali Mohammed Hussein, Neran Salem Aljarah","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.55","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in the fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences for the 2022 season, University of Baghdad / Al-Jadriya. The study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of soaking the okra seeds of the Hissainawya and Batra varieties with 0.05% Humic acid for 12 hours in controlling the disease of rot, damping off, and root rot caused by the fungus Fusarium solani. The results showed the effectiveness of soaking treatment with Humic acid in reducing the disease incidence with damping off and root rot of okra seeds of the Hissainawya variety when planted in soil contaminated with the pathogen. In comparison, it reached 25% compared to the pathogen treatment only, which amounted to 75% in field conditions after 30 days of sowing. The average infection ratio and severity in okra plants after 70 days of sowing the Hissainawya variety in treating soaking with Humic acid. Besides, the soil spraying after 40 days of sowing in soil contaminated with the pathogen was 26.67 and 41.67%, respectively, with a significant difference from the treatment of the pathogen F. solani, which amounted to 55.67 and 58.33%, respectively. Finally, treating okra seeds of Hissainawya and Batra varieties with Humic acid had a significant effect on increasing plant height and dry weight, in general. Moreover, the Hissainawya variety responded more to the treatment of soaking with Humic acid compared to the treatment of soaking seeds for the Batra variety in field conditions. Key words: Fusarium solani, Humic acid, Soaking seeds, okra.","PeriodicalId":52287,"journal":{"name":"Revista Bionatura","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136184161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.64
Hmsa Ahmed Sbhie, Baidiaa Hafidh Mahommed
The research aimed to study the effect of the germination process on the chemical composition and content of phenolic compounds, phytic acid, mineral elements and amino acids of locally grown maize. The results of the chemical composition of the non-germinated maize showed that the content of protein, fat, ash, moisture, fiber, and carbohydrates were (7.75 - 10.271 - 1.46 - 6.79 -3.173 -70.886) respectively, while the results of germinated maize were from protein, fat, ash, fiber, carbohydrates (9.13- 9.167 -1.27- 5.93- 4.822- 69.861) respectively. As for the number of phenolic compounds, it increased after germination, as it reached germinated yellow maize compared to non-germinated maize (159 mg/gm-145 mg/gm) respectively, in addition to germination, it reduced the amount of phytic acid in germinated maize compared to non- germinated maize, which amounted to (2.8 mg/100gm). -48.9 mg/100 g) respectively. The percentage of mineral elements, iron, phosphorous, magnesium, potassium, zinc, and calcium for germinated maize reached (0.2883-3.87 -0.139-0.078 - 7.76-23.4), respectively. As for non-germinated maize, the percentage of iron, phosphorous, magnesium, potassium, zinc, and calcium (0.2811-3.43 -0.142-0.086-17.5-21.4) respectively. The effect of germination on the proportion of amino acids: the results showed that germination led to an improvement in the proportion of some essential and non-essential amino acids. Keywords: yellow corn, germination, amino acids, phytic acid
{"title":"Study of the effect of germination on the chemical and nutritional properties of maize seeds","authors":"Hmsa Ahmed Sbhie, Baidiaa Hafidh Mahommed","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.64","url":null,"abstract":"The research aimed to study the effect of the germination process on the chemical composition and content of phenolic compounds, phytic acid, mineral elements and amino acids of locally grown maize. The results of the chemical composition of the non-germinated maize showed that the content of protein, fat, ash, moisture, fiber, and carbohydrates were (7.75 - 10.271 - 1.46 - 6.79 -3.173 -70.886) respectively, while the results of germinated maize were from protein, fat, ash, fiber, carbohydrates (9.13- 9.167 -1.27- 5.93- 4.822- 69.861) respectively. As for the number of phenolic compounds, it increased after germination, as it reached germinated yellow maize compared to non-germinated maize (159 mg/gm-145 mg/gm) respectively, in addition to germination, it reduced the amount of phytic acid in germinated maize compared to non- germinated maize, which amounted to (2.8 mg/100gm). -48.9 mg/100 g) respectively. The percentage of mineral elements, iron, phosphorous, magnesium, potassium, zinc, and calcium for germinated maize reached (0.2883-3.87 -0.139-0.078 - 7.76-23.4), respectively. As for non-germinated maize, the percentage of iron, phosphorous, magnesium, potassium, zinc, and calcium (0.2811-3.43 -0.142-0.086-17.5-21.4) respectively. The effect of germination on the proportion of amino acids: the results showed that germination led to an improvement in the proportion of some essential and non-essential amino acids. Keywords: yellow corn, germination, amino acids, phytic acid","PeriodicalId":52287,"journal":{"name":"Revista Bionatura","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136184166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.101
Adnan WH Al-Mudhafar, Ahmed A-R J Alikhan
The results showed that lycopene dye was highly effective in reducing the peroxide number value, as adding 1 mg of the dye to fresh milk led to the lowest peroxide number (0.497 - 2.483) compared to (0.543 - 4.943) of milk with artificial antioxidant BHT and milk without addition, which scored (0.567 - 11.997) for eleven days of storage at 4 °C. Lycopene dye reduced the values of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) in milk stored at 4°C for seven days compared to regular milk without addition. The results also proved that the dry lycopene dye extracted from the fruits of the tomato plant, when dissolved in buffer solutions with different pHs ranging from (3-8), did not have a significant effect on the dyes, as the pH factor on the measured wavelengths ranged from 370.0-370.5 As for the effect of the number of days factor, it ranged from 369.7-370.6 nanometers. It was found that low temperatures did not affect the lycopene pigment extracted from tomato fruits. The results of the sensory evaluation indicate that the total sum of sensory evaluation scores (taste, texture, and appearance) was higher (23.8) in the treatment of lycopene-free milk compared to the milk fortified with lycopene tomato, which scored 22.6. Keywords: plant pigments, lycopene, fresh milk
{"title":"Some characteristics of tomato lycopene and the possibility of its use in fresh milk fortification","authors":"Adnan WH Al-Mudhafar, Ahmed A-R J Alikhan","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.101","url":null,"abstract":"The results showed that lycopene dye was highly effective in reducing the peroxide number value, as adding 1 mg of the dye to fresh milk led to the lowest peroxide number (0.497 - 2.483) compared to (0.543 - 4.943) of milk with artificial antioxidant BHT and milk without addition, which scored (0.567 - 11.997) for eleven days of storage at 4 °C. Lycopene dye reduced the values of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) in milk stored at 4°C for seven days compared to regular milk without addition. The results also proved that the dry lycopene dye extracted from the fruits of the tomato plant, when dissolved in buffer solutions with different pHs ranging from (3-8), did not have a significant effect on the dyes, as the pH factor on the measured wavelengths ranged from 370.0-370.5 As for the effect of the number of days factor, it ranged from 369.7-370.6 nanometers. It was found that low temperatures did not affect the lycopene pigment extracted from tomato fruits. The results of the sensory evaluation indicate that the total sum of sensory evaluation scores (taste, texture, and appearance) was higher (23.8) in the treatment of lycopene-free milk compared to the milk fortified with lycopene tomato, which scored 22.6. Keywords: plant pigments, lycopene, fresh milk","PeriodicalId":52287,"journal":{"name":"Revista Bionatura","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136184320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.03.34
Yusra A. Radeef, Anmar Mahdi Kadhum AL-Mari
This study aimed to investigate the isolation and identification of potential bacteria present in burns and wound infections. 100 pus types were taken from many patients who existed in the hospital of Babylon province from November 2021 to February 2022; the positive culture was 80% of the total isolates, while the negative culture was 20% of the total isolates. After the macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical tests, the bacteria were isolated from burn and wound swabs. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates was done using the disc diffusion method in conformity with McFarland standards. MDR of different types of antibiotics was exhibited from bacteria isolated in actual research. Statistical analysis using chisquare test The central objective of this research is to use different concentrations of Zinc oxide nanoparticles to obtain the optimum antibacterial concentration. Males (37.5%) and females (62.5%), with ages ranging from 5 to 55 years. The high percentage was less than ten years old, while the lowest was between (and 50_60). Where Gram-negative bacteria were most common, the concentration of Zinc oxide nanoparticles was 100 μg/ml. 150 μg/ml affects gram-positive and gram-negative growth by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone on the growth culture that is artificial to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria throughout the measuring inhibition zone around the wells. We observed that the diameter of the inhibition zone increased in concentration (150) μg/ml more than the concentration (100) μg/ml. The study showed women of positive growth and the ages compared to males. Multi-Drug Resistance bacteria. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have critical applications as they are antibacterial and effectively dress for burns and wounds . Keywords: Gram-positive Bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, Wounds, Burns, Antimicrobial sensitivity, Multi-Drug Resistant, nanoparticles.
{"title":"A comparative study of the effect of nanoparticles and antibiotics on the antimicrobial susceptibility of antibiotics for some bacteria isolated from wounds and burns infections.","authors":"Yusra A. Radeef, Anmar Mahdi Kadhum AL-Mari","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.03.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.03.34","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the isolation and identification of potential bacteria present in burns and wound infections. 100 pus types were taken from many patients who existed in the hospital of Babylon province from November 2021 to February 2022; the positive culture was 80% of the total isolates, while the negative culture was 20% of the total isolates. After the macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical tests, the bacteria were isolated from burn and wound swabs. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates was done using the disc diffusion method in conformity with McFarland standards. MDR of different types of antibiotics was exhibited from bacteria isolated in actual research. Statistical analysis using chisquare test The central objective of this research is to use different concentrations of Zinc oxide nanoparticles to obtain the optimum antibacterial concentration. Males (37.5%) and females (62.5%), with ages ranging from 5 to 55 years. The high percentage was less than ten years old, while the lowest was between (and 50_60). Where Gram-negative bacteria were most common, the concentration of Zinc oxide nanoparticles was 100 μg/ml. 150 μg/ml affects gram-positive and gram-negative growth by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone on the growth culture that is artificial to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria throughout the measuring inhibition zone around the wells. We observed that the diameter of the inhibition zone increased in concentration (150) μg/ml more than the concentration (100) μg/ml. The study showed women of positive growth and the ages compared to males. Multi-Drug Resistance bacteria. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have critical applications as they are antibacterial and effectively dress for burns and wounds . Keywords: Gram-positive Bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, Wounds, Burns, Antimicrobial sensitivity, Multi-Drug Resistant, nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":52287,"journal":{"name":"Revista Bionatura","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136184322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.76
Wasan Abed Aljabar Dohan, Sawsan Mohammed Kareem
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacteria; adaptation in different environments makes them very aggressive and life-threatening pathogens for humans, especially patients who suffer from weak immunity. This study aimed to evaluate the gene expression of each mexA and mexB gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, which were isolated from clinical samples; screening of efflux pumps in multidrug P. aeruginosa phenotypically was done by the Cather wheel method. Study genes expression of efflux pump genes under ciprofloxacin antibiotic stress and Et. Br were done in different concentrations of cip and EtBr. One hundred and ten (110) isolates of Pseudomonas spp. were collected from different hospitals in Baghdad city, (50) isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa identified and confirmed were done. The results appeared according to the type of clinical sources the fiftyisolate distributed as 35 (70 %) burns swab samples, 10 (20 %) from wounds swabs, and 5 (10 %) from ear discharge. The results of mexA Ct values ranged from 32.1 to 36.79 with an average of 34.337, and the results of mexB Ct values ranged from 14.74 to 19.96 with an average of 16.791 compared to the rpsL (Ct = 11.14) reference gene. The results showed that the mean of Ct of gene expression was noticed when put under stress of Et.Br. + CIP and CIP in mexA were 37.195 and 34.702, respectively, compared to control 34.337; on the other hand, the gene expression between both treatments was over-expressed in the treatment of CIP 32 compared to CIP+Et.Br. The Cather wheel method expression results were noticed when stressed, Et.Br. + CIP and CIP in mexB gene expression were 19.626 and 18.872, respectively, compared to control 16.791. In conclusion, compared to the control, both treatments did not induce the expression of mexB genes; on the other hand, the gene expression between both treatments was expressed in the treatment of CIP 32 compared to CIP+Et.Br. Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mexA, mexB, Cather Wheel.
{"title":"Evaluated some Efflux-Pump gene Expression under ciprofloxacin stress in Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"Wasan Abed Aljabar Dohan, Sawsan Mohammed Kareem","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.04.76","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacteria; adaptation in different environments makes them very aggressive and life-threatening pathogens for humans, especially patients who suffer from weak immunity. This study aimed to evaluate the gene expression of each mexA and mexB gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, which were isolated from clinical samples; screening of efflux pumps in multidrug P. aeruginosa phenotypically was done by the Cather wheel method. Study genes expression of efflux pump genes under ciprofloxacin antibiotic stress and Et. Br were done in different concentrations of cip and EtBr. One hundred and ten (110) isolates of Pseudomonas spp. were collected from different hospitals in Baghdad city, (50) isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa identified and confirmed were done. The results appeared according to the type of clinical sources the fiftyisolate distributed as 35 (70 %) burns swab samples, 10 (20 %) from wounds swabs, and 5 (10 %) from ear discharge. The results of mexA Ct values ranged from 32.1 to 36.79 with an average of 34.337, and the results of mexB Ct values ranged from 14.74 to 19.96 with an average of 16.791 compared to the rpsL (Ct = 11.14) reference gene. The results showed that the mean of Ct of gene expression was noticed when put under stress of Et.Br. + CIP and CIP in mexA were 37.195 and 34.702, respectively, compared to control 34.337; on the other hand, the gene expression between both treatments was over-expressed in the treatment of CIP 32 compared to CIP+Et.Br. The Cather wheel method expression results were noticed when stressed, Et.Br. + CIP and CIP in mexB gene expression were 19.626 and 18.872, respectively, compared to control 16.791. In conclusion, compared to the control, both treatments did not induce the expression of mexB genes; on the other hand, the gene expression between both treatments was expressed in the treatment of CIP 32 compared to CIP+Et.Br. Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mexA, mexB, Cather Wheel.","PeriodicalId":52287,"journal":{"name":"Revista Bionatura","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136184333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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