Pub Date : 2023-09-18DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.5.305
Ida Bagus Gede Hendra Kusuma, Sari Wulan Dwi Sutanegara
Rhinology-related diseases are very common worldwide. Although not fatal, they may cause significant morbidity and reduce quality of life. We ai0med to describe the characteristics of patients in the rhinology division at the eye, nose and throat (ENT) Polyclinic, Prof. Hospital. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Denpasar in the period 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021. It was a retrospective descriptive study which conducted in the rhinology division of the ENT Polyclinic, Prof. Hospital. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Denpasar from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021. A total of 752 patients underwent outpatient care during the period January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021. Various rhinology cases found included inferior turbinate hypertrophy, nasal septum deviation, allergic rhinitis, bullous turbinate, nasal polyps, maxillary sinusitis, ethmoidal sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, sphenoidal sinusitis and pansinusitis. The most common diagnosis is inferior turbinate hypertrophy, and the least is frontal sinusitis. Inferior turbinate hypertrophy is commonly found in men and at the age of 41-50 years. The similar results also found in other cases, where it is more commonly found in men and at the age of 31-50 years. These results may contribute as a basic information to provide health care in general and to develop prevention strategy related to rhinology disease.
{"title":"Characteristics of Patient at Rinology Divison Of Ear, Nose, And Throat Polyclinic in Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital Denpasar in 1 January 2020 – 31 December 2021","authors":"Ida Bagus Gede Hendra Kusuma, Sari Wulan Dwi Sutanegara","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.5.305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.5.305","url":null,"abstract":"Rhinology-related diseases are very common worldwide. Although not fatal, they may cause significant morbidity and reduce quality of life. We ai0med to describe the characteristics of patients in the rhinology division at the eye, nose and throat (ENT) Polyclinic, Prof. Hospital. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Denpasar in the period 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021. It was a retrospective descriptive study which conducted in the rhinology division of the ENT Polyclinic, Prof. Hospital. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Denpasar from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021. A total of 752 patients underwent outpatient care during the period January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021. Various rhinology cases found included inferior turbinate hypertrophy, nasal septum deviation, allergic rhinitis, bullous turbinate, nasal polyps, maxillary sinusitis, ethmoidal sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, sphenoidal sinusitis and pansinusitis. The most common diagnosis is inferior turbinate hypertrophy, and the least is frontal sinusitis. Inferior turbinate hypertrophy is commonly found in men and at the age of 41-50 years. The similar results also found in other cases, where it is more commonly found in men and at the age of 31-50 years. These results may contribute as a basic information to provide health care in general and to develop prevention strategy related to rhinology disease.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135153089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Cancer patients are regarded as a highly vulnerable population in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic due to their systemic immunosuppressive state. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection in asymptomatic cancer patients attending the oncology clinic. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study from May- November 2020. The patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RT PCR were followed up to study the risk factors, clinical presentation, and outcome. The ethical approval from institutional review board was done. Chi-square test was used to compare qualitative variables and logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of having COVID-19 infection. Results: We included 334 cancer patients who were tested for COVID-19 infection. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 28.4%. COVID-19 infection was more common in solid organ malignancy than hematological cancer (29.2% vs. 26.1%). The risk of COVID-19 infection was associated with comorbidity (p = 0.002). Time since diagnosis of malignancy and the type of anticancer treatment received did not increase the risk of COVID-19 infection. However, patients receiving anticancer therapy in the last 4 weeks of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 RT PCR had a higher risk for COVID-19 infection (p<0001). The oncological treatment was continued after resolution of symptoms and with negative RT-PCR. The multi variable regression model revealed that females, patients having both hypertension and diabetes mellitus and patients receiving chemotherapy within the last 4 weeks had higher odds of COVID-19 infection (p<0.05). Conclusion: We observed that active oncologic treatment does not represent a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients. However delaying anticancer treatment to avoid SARS-CoV-2 transmission may lead to malignancy related complications. The approach of routine COVID 19 testing in cancer patients seems preferable in detecting asymptomatic virus carriers.
{"title":"An Observational Study of Risk Factors for SARS-CoV 2 Infection in Patients with Cancer","authors":"Sonam Singla, Teena Wadhwa, Charu Yadav, Manish Singh, Smita Sarma, Nitin Sood, Ashok Vaid","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.5.254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.5.254","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cancer patients are regarded as a highly vulnerable population in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic due to their systemic immunosuppressive state. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection in asymptomatic cancer patients attending the oncology clinic. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study from May- November 2020. The patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RT PCR were followed up to study the risk factors, clinical presentation, and outcome. The ethical approval from institutional review board was done. Chi-square test was used to compare qualitative variables and logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of having COVID-19 infection. Results: We included 334 cancer patients who were tested for COVID-19 infection. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 28.4%. COVID-19 infection was more common in solid organ malignancy than hematological cancer (29.2% vs. 26.1%). The risk of COVID-19 infection was associated with comorbidity (p = 0.002). Time since diagnosis of malignancy and the type of anticancer treatment received did not increase the risk of COVID-19 infection. However, patients receiving anticancer therapy in the last 4 weeks of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 RT PCR had a higher risk for COVID-19 infection (p<0001). The oncological treatment was continued after resolution of symptoms and with negative RT-PCR. The multi variable regression model revealed that females, patients having both hypertension and diabetes mellitus and patients receiving chemotherapy within the last 4 weeks had higher odds of COVID-19 infection (p<0.05). Conclusion: We observed that active oncologic treatment does not represent a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients. However delaying anticancer treatment to avoid SARS-CoV-2 transmission may lead to malignancy related complications. The approach of routine COVID 19 testing in cancer patients seems preferable in detecting asymptomatic virus carriers.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135153090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.5.275
Sari Wulan Dwi Sutanegara, I Putu Yupindra Pradiptha
Background: Anatomical variations and pathological processes in the nose and paranasal sinuses have been widely studied by experts. Many anatomical variations cause chronic sinusitis by causing obstruction of the osteomeatal complex (OMC) and influencing mucociliary transport patterns. Methods: This is a retrospective study based on radiology data of all rhinosinusitis cases that performed a computed tomography scan of the paranasal sinuses at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah General Hospital Denpasar for one year (January 2021 to December 2021). The sample of this study was all rhinosinusitis patients undergoing surgery, both male and female, from January 1 to December 31, 2021. Results: Based on the results of the research data, the highest anatomical variation was concha hypertrophy in as many as 26 people (38.2%). Conclusion: The most common anatomic variation is concha hypertrophy. Preoperative CT scan examination is essential because it can be helpful as navigation for sinus surgeons. Early detection of anatomic variations is the key for surgical planning and the prevention of complications.
{"title":"Characteristic of Anatomical Variations in Paranasal Sinus CT-Scan of Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients at the ENT Clinic Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah General Hospital Denpasar in 2021","authors":"Sari Wulan Dwi Sutanegara, I Putu Yupindra Pradiptha","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.5.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.5.275","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anatomical variations and pathological processes in the nose and paranasal sinuses have been widely studied by experts. Many anatomical variations cause chronic sinusitis by causing obstruction of the osteomeatal complex (OMC) and influencing mucociliary transport patterns. Methods: This is a retrospective study based on radiology data of all rhinosinusitis cases that performed a computed tomography scan of the paranasal sinuses at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah General Hospital Denpasar for one year (January 2021 to December 2021). The sample of this study was all rhinosinusitis patients undergoing surgery, both male and female, from January 1 to December 31, 2021. Results: Based on the results of the research data, the highest anatomical variation was concha hypertrophy in as many as 26 people (38.2%). Conclusion: The most common anatomic variation is concha hypertrophy. Preoperative CT scan examination is essential because it can be helpful as navigation for sinus surgeons. Early detection of anatomic variations is the key for surgical planning and the prevention of complications.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134910883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atypical types of molluscum contagiosum (MC), which are present in immunocompromised patients and show substantial weakening of cellular immunity, can be difficult to diagnose. Low CD4 cell counts are associated with MC lesions, which are most frequently seen in HIV patients. We report MC lesions in the trunk and lower extremities in a 40-year-old HIV-positive female patient. A 75 cells/mm CD4 count was present in the patient. To rule out more dangerous disorders including dimorphic fungal infections, a skin biopsy was performed. The hypogastrum of the trunk and vulva were affected by the lesions which were painless, flesh-colored papules and nodules. Syphilis and hepatitis B virus testing came out negative, while serological tests for HIV-1 were positive. Intracytoplasmic molluscum bodies were detected in the skin biopsy. However, the opportunity for an early diagnosis in our case was lost.
{"title":"Giant Molluscum Contagiosum Opportunistic Infection in a HIV/AIDS Patient","authors":"Suraj Arungiri Gosai, Sushmita Pandey, Abdul Khalid Qadree, Sandesh Dhakal, Anasonye Emmanuel Kelechi, Ajay Singh","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.5.307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.5.307","url":null,"abstract":"Atypical types of molluscum contagiosum (MC), which are present in immunocompromised patients and show substantial weakening of cellular immunity, can be difficult to diagnose. Low CD4 cell counts are associated with MC lesions, which are most frequently seen in HIV patients. We report MC lesions in the trunk and lower extremities in a 40-year-old HIV-positive female patient. A 75 cells/mm CD4 count was present in the patient. To rule out more dangerous disorders including dimorphic fungal infections, a skin biopsy was performed. The hypogastrum of the trunk and vulva were affected by the lesions which were painless, flesh-colored papules and nodules. Syphilis and hepatitis B virus testing came out negative, while serological tests for HIV-1 were positive. Intracytoplasmic molluscum bodies were detected in the skin biopsy. However, the opportunity for an early diagnosis in our case was lost.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136361747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.291
Rosnani Ab Rahman, Hafizuddin Awang, S. S. Syed Sulaiman
Hyperkalemia is one of life-threatening electrolyte abnormalities. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is among the diseases in which patients can commonly develop hyperkalemia due to various factors. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of hyperkalemia and potential risk factors that contribute to development of hyperkalemia among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This is a single centered retrospective study in all deceased diabetic patients who were previously admitted to Sultan Ismail Petra Hospital, Kelantan state of Malaysia from January 2017 to December 2017 with or without hyperkalemia. A total of 132 patients were studied after screening for eligibility from medical records. Hyperkalemia was defined as potassium level ≥5.5 mEq/L. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to identify potential risk factors associated with hyperkalemia. The occurrence of hyperkalemia among T2DM patients was 54.5%. In multivariable analysis, stage 4 CKD (eGFR: 15-29 ml/min/1.73m2) (AOR=0.154, 95%CI=0.003,0.763), use of ARB (AOR=26.269, 95%CI=1.25,548.50) and length of stay (AOR=1.007, 95%CI=1.001,1.013) were the significant risk factors for hyperkalemia. No significant difference between diabetes patients with hyperkalemia (DMHK) group with diabetes patients without hyperkalemia (DMWOHK) group in terms of clinical outcomes. Among diabetic patients with hyperkalemia, the mean time from development of hyperkalemia until death was 99.92±119.07 hours. In conclusion, this study shows that hyperkalemia is common among T2DM patient in our study setting. Although a number of factors may contribute to the high occurrence of hyperkalemia, the use of ARB, advanced CKD at stage 4 and length of stay are major determinants of hyperkalemia occurrence. Aggressive management of hyperkalemia may be beneficial as to prevent significant clinical outcomes requiring intensive care management and cardiac problem lead to death.
{"title":"Hyperkalemia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes","authors":"Rosnani Ab Rahman, Hafizuddin Awang, S. S. Syed Sulaiman","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.291","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperkalemia is one of life-threatening electrolyte abnormalities. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is among the diseases in which patients can commonly develop hyperkalemia due to various factors. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of hyperkalemia and potential risk factors that contribute to development of hyperkalemia among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This is a single centered retrospective study in all deceased diabetic patients who were previously admitted to Sultan Ismail Petra Hospital, Kelantan state of Malaysia from January 2017 to December 2017 with or without hyperkalemia. A total of 132 patients were studied after screening for eligibility from medical records. Hyperkalemia was defined as potassium level ≥5.5 mEq/L. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to identify potential risk factors associated with hyperkalemia. The occurrence of hyperkalemia among T2DM patients was 54.5%. In multivariable analysis, stage 4 CKD (eGFR: 15-29 ml/min/1.73m2) (AOR=0.154, 95%CI=0.003,0.763), use of ARB (AOR=26.269, 95%CI=1.25,548.50) and length of stay (AOR=1.007, 95%CI=1.001,1.013) were the significant risk factors for hyperkalemia. No significant difference between diabetes patients with hyperkalemia (DMHK) group with diabetes patients without hyperkalemia (DMWOHK) group in terms of clinical outcomes. Among diabetic patients with hyperkalemia, the mean time from development of hyperkalemia until death was 99.92±119.07 hours. In conclusion, this study shows that hyperkalemia is common among T2DM patient in our study setting. Although a number of factors may contribute to the high occurrence of hyperkalemia, the use of ARB, advanced CKD at stage 4 and length of stay are major determinants of hyperkalemia occurrence. Aggressive management of hyperkalemia may be beneficial as to prevent significant clinical outcomes requiring intensive care management and cardiac problem lead to death.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75776209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.304
Laurence Gluch, Deepali Poels
A patient underwent a total thyroidectomy for a small papillary thyroid cancer. Her vocal cord function was assessed as being normal post-operatively. A week later she underwent her first veno-venous renal dialysis for deteriorating renal function during the post-operative period. Within 48 hours she had developed bilateral vocal cord paresis, presumed to be on the basis of bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve oedema precipitated by massive fluid shifts in the fresh surgical bed. Her voice recovered over the subsequent days as her fluid balance normalized.
{"title":"Lost for Words – Bilateral Vocal Cord Paresis following Renal Dialysis of a Thyroidectomy Patient","authors":"Laurence Gluch, Deepali Poels","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.304","url":null,"abstract":"A patient underwent a total thyroidectomy for a small papillary thyroid cancer. Her vocal cord function was assessed as being normal post-operatively. A week later she underwent her first veno-venous renal dialysis for deteriorating renal function during the post-operative period. Within 48 hours she had developed bilateral vocal cord paresis, presumed to be on the basis of bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve oedema precipitated by massive fluid shifts in the fresh surgical bed. Her voice recovered over the subsequent days as her fluid balance normalized.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135988534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-14DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.277
I. Putra, I. M. Wiranadha, Felicia Yumita Winata, Ida Kusuma
Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is part of a complex sleep disordered breathing syndrome. OSA is defined by periods of respiratory events such as apneas, hypopneas, or respiratory effort related arousals during sleep, leading to hypoxia, waking during the night, excessive daytime sleepiness and hindering daily activities. In addition, OSA can also cause various systemic complications and even death. The occurrence of OSA is associated with the presence of metabolic disorders that cause type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), with as many as 30% patients with OSA also have type 2 DM. The occurence of OSA are often underdiagnosed, especially in high-risk population. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between type 2 DM with the risk of OSA. Methods: A cross sectional analytic study was conducted from June to August 2022 at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital Denpasar with a total of 80 respondents. The risk of OSA in the respondents was recorded using the Berlin questionnaire. Results: Of the 80 respondents, there were 33 people with a high risk of OSA and 47 people with a low risk of OSA. Respondents with a high risk of OSA were mostly male (78.6%), with the most ages between 51-60 years (53.6%), had type 2 DM (78.6%), and with nutritional status obese I (60.7%). There is a significant relationship between OSA and type 2 DM with a p-value of 0.019 (<0.05), a prevalence ratio of 3.3 with a 95% confidence interval (1.2-9.0), and a correlation coefficient of 0.254. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between type 2 DM and OSA and is positively correlated. Type 2 DM is a risk factor of OSA, with 3.3 times the risk to develop a high risk OSA compared to patients without type 2 DM.
{"title":"Correlation Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with the Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital Denpasar","authors":"I. Putra, I. M. Wiranadha, Felicia Yumita Winata, Ida Kusuma","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.277","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is part of a complex sleep disordered breathing syndrome. OSA is defined by periods of respiratory events such as apneas, hypopneas, or respiratory effort related arousals during sleep, leading to hypoxia, waking during the night, excessive daytime sleepiness and hindering daily activities. In addition, OSA can also cause various systemic complications and even death. The occurrence of OSA is associated with the presence of metabolic disorders that cause type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), with as many as 30% patients with OSA also have type 2 DM. The occurence of OSA are often underdiagnosed, especially in high-risk population. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between type 2 DM with the risk of OSA.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods: A cross sectional analytic study was conducted from June to August 2022 at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital Denpasar with a total of 80 respondents. The risk of OSA in the respondents was recorded using the Berlin questionnaire. \u0000\u0000\u0000Results: Of the 80 respondents, there were 33 people with a high risk of OSA and 47 people with a low risk of OSA. Respondents with a high risk of OSA were mostly male (78.6%), with the most ages between 51-60 years (53.6%), had type 2 DM (78.6%), and with nutritional status obese I (60.7%). There is a significant relationship between OSA and type 2 DM with a p-value of 0.019 (<0.05), a prevalence ratio of 3.3 with a 95% confidence interval (1.2-9.0), and a correlation coefficient of 0.254.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between type 2 DM and OSA and is positively correlated. Type 2 DM is a risk factor of OSA, with 3.3 times the risk to develop a high risk OSA compared to patients without type 2 DM.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87698246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-14DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.274
T. Irinyenikan, Bamidele Jimoh Folarin, B. Alabi, A. Bade-Adefioye, Ismaila Sani
Introduction: Anaemia in pregnancy is a global public health problem causing both maternal and perinatal morbidities and mortalities. Prevalent rates vary from one geopolitical region to the other. Efforts have been made to reduce this condition during pregnancy through the use of haematinics and other interventions. However, despite all the efforts put in place, pregnant women still present with this condition. This study was carried out to find out its prevalence rate and the factors responsible for it. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional institutional based study carried out at the antenatal clinic of the University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital Complex, Akure, Ondo State, South West, Nigeria. The study used a systematic sampling to recruit 400 antenatal clinic patients over a period of 16weeks starting from the 16th of August to 16th of December 2022.The women were interviewed with copies of a structured questionnaire administered by trained research doctors who also helped in the collection of the blood samples. About 3mls of venous blood was collected from the antecubital vein using plastic disposable syringes into sample bottles containing ethylene diamine-tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and the bottles labelled accordingly. Packed cell volume and red cell morphology were done for the women at the time of recruitment. Data obtained were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 22). Descriptive statistics were computed for all relevant variables, Chi Square test and Multivariate logistic regression were used to test for association and possible risk factors for anaemia. The level of significance was set at ???? < 0.05. Results: Most of the women were within 30years- 39years (51.2%, 205) with a mean age of 31.61years±5.37years. Most of them were married (97.3%, 389), were Christians (94.5%, 378), were Yorubas (82.8%, 331), were traders (40.3%, 161), had tertiary level of education (68.8%, 275) and lived in the urban areas of Ondo State (89.5%,358). Most had their first menses between the ages of 10 to 15 years (79.2%, 317) with a mean age of 14.24 ± 2.12 years. Majority had inter- pregnancy interval of ≤ 2 years (53.7%, 215). There was no history of bleeding in most of the women (91.5%, 366), many of them were in the third trimester of their pregnancy (64.1%, 257) with a mean gestational age of 28.83 ± 6.91 weeks. The prevalence of anaemia among the study participants was 40.0% (160/400) while 60% (240/400) were not anaemic. Among the participants who were anaemic, 77.5% (124/160) had mild anaemia, 22.5% (36/160) had moderate anaemia while none had severe anaemia. The only risk factors identified to be responsible for anaemia among the women were high parity and being in the third trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion: This study showed that the prevalence of anaemia is still high among our women mostly occurring among women of high parity and in the third trimester of pregnancy. Efforts must
妊娠期贫血是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，造成孕产妇和围产期发病率和死亡率。流行率因地缘政治区域而异。已作出努力，通过使用血液学和其他干预措施减少怀孕期间的这种情况。然而，尽管做出了所有的努力，孕妇仍然存在这种情况。本研究旨在了解其患病率及影响因素。材料和方法:这是一项基于机构的横断面研究，在尼日利亚西南部翁多州阿库尔医科大学教学医院综合体产前诊所进行。该研究采用系统抽样方法，从2022年8月16日到12月16日，在16周的时间里招募了400名产前门诊患者。这些妇女接受了一份结构化问卷的采访，问卷由训练有素的研究医生管理，他们也帮助收集血液样本。使用一次性塑料注射器从肘前静脉采集静脉血约3ml，装入含有乙二胺-四乙酸(EDTA)的样品瓶中，并贴上相应的标签。在招募时，对女性进行了填充细胞体积和红细胞形态的检测。使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS Version 22)对获得的数据进行分析。对所有相关变量进行描述性统计，使用卡方检验和多变量logistic回归检验贫血的相关性和可能的危险因素。显著性水平设为????< 0.05。结果:30 ~ 39岁女性居多(51.2%，205例)，平均年龄31.61±5.37岁。其中大多数人已婚(97.3%，389人)，基督徒(94.5%，378人)，约鲁巴人(82.8%，331人)，商人(40.3%，161人)，受过高等教育(68.8%，275人)，居住在翁多州的城市地区(89.5%，358人)。初潮年龄以10 ~ 15岁居多(79.2%，317人)，平均年龄14.24±2.12岁。大多数妊娠间隔≤2年(53.7%，215)。绝大多数(91.5%，366例)妇女无出血史，多发生在妊娠晚期(64.1%，257例)，平均胎龄28.83±6.91周。研究参与者中贫血的患病率为40.0%(160/400)，而60%(240/400)不贫血。在贫血的参与者中，77.5%(124/160)为轻度贫血，22.5%(36/160)为中度贫血，无重度贫血。唯一确定的导致妇女贫血的风险因素是胎次高和处于妊娠晚期。结论:本研究表明，我国妇女贫血的患病率仍然很高，主要发生在高胎次和妊娠晚期的妇女中。必须加强努力，通过使用可在孕前开始的血清学和关于需要在开始另一次怀孕之前从一次怀孕的影响中完全恢复的适当咨询来解决这种情况。
{"title":"Prevalence of Anaemia among Antenatal Clinic Attendees at A Tertiary Hospital in South West, Nigeria","authors":"T. Irinyenikan, Bamidele Jimoh Folarin, B. Alabi, A. Bade-Adefioye, Ismaila Sani","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.274","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Introduction: Anaemia in pregnancy is a global public health problem causing both maternal and perinatal morbidities and mortalities. Prevalent rates vary from one geopolitical region to the other. Efforts have been made to reduce this condition during pregnancy through the use of haematinics and other interventions. However, despite all the efforts put in place, pregnant women still present with this condition. This study was carried out to find out its prevalence rate and the factors responsible for it.\u0000\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional institutional based study carried out at the antenatal clinic of the University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital Complex, Akure, Ondo State, South West, Nigeria. The study used a systematic sampling to recruit 400 antenatal clinic patients over a period of 16weeks starting from the 16th of August to 16th of December 2022.The women were interviewed with copies of a structured questionnaire administered by trained research doctors who also helped in the collection of the blood samples. About 3mls of venous blood was collected from the antecubital vein using plastic disposable syringes into sample bottles containing ethylene diamine-tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and the bottles labelled accordingly. Packed cell volume and red cell morphology were done for the women at the time of recruitment. Data obtained were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 22). Descriptive statistics were computed for all relevant variables, Chi Square test and Multivariate logistic regression were used to test for association and possible risk factors for anaemia. The level of significance was set at ???? < 0.05. \u0000\u0000\u0000Results: Most of the women were within 30years- 39years (51.2%, 205) with a mean age of 31.61years±5.37years. Most of them were married (97.3%, 389), were Christians (94.5%, 378), were Yorubas (82.8%, 331), were traders (40.3%, 161), had tertiary level of education (68.8%, 275) and lived in the urban areas of Ondo State (89.5%,358). Most had their first menses between the ages of 10 to 15 years (79.2%, 317) with a mean age of 14.24 ± 2.12 years. Majority had inter- pregnancy interval of ≤ 2 years (53.7%, 215). There was no history of bleeding in most of the women (91.5%, 366), many of them were in the third trimester of their pregnancy (64.1%, 257) with a mean gestational age of 28.83 ± 6.91 weeks. The prevalence of anaemia among the study participants was 40.0% (160/400) while 60% (240/400) were not anaemic. Among the participants who were anaemic, 77.5% (124/160) had mild anaemia, 22.5% (36/160) had moderate anaemia while none had severe anaemia. The only risk factors identified to be responsible for anaemia among the women were high parity and being in the third trimester of pregnancy.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion: This study showed that the prevalence of anaemia is still high among our women mostly occurring among women of high parity and in the third trimester of pregnancy. Efforts must","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87826936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-05DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.264
S. Osineke, N. Jisieike-Onuigbo, I. Ulasi, Charles Odenigbo
Background: Haemodialysis (HD) is currently the most common mode of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in the Sub-Saharan Africa. It is however, fraught with many complications which sometimes cause morbidity and mortality outside the primary kidney problems. Hence, there must be concerted effort to identify them early. This would enable the clinician institute preventive measures or treat them efficiently when these adverse effects occur. Materials and Method: A prospective study was carried out among chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) patients in failure assessing HD care at the Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH) Nnewi dialysis center. Subjects were one hundred and twenty six in number: 84 CKD and 42 AKI. Sixty five (65) were males while sixty one (61) were females. A total of three hundred and sixty nine (369) HD sessions were done. Sociodemographic data and medical history were obtained from each subject and relevant physical examinations and laboratory investigations were carried out prior to and intra dialysis for each subject. Results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 17. Results: Intradialytic complications occurred in 86 out of 126 subjects. The commonest intradialytic complication was hypotension (20.6% for patient-based analysis and 21.1% for session-based analysis). This was followed by hypertension (19.8% for patient-based analysis and 16.5% for session-based analysis). Other complications noted were fever (9.95%), chest pain (9.95%), cramps (1.0%) and seizure (1.0%). Conclusion: In this study population, intradialysis hypotension was the most common complication followed by intradialysis hypertension. Patients on HD should be assessed and monitored actively to identify and possibly prevent or treat these complications when they occur.
背景:血液透析(HD)是目前撒哈拉以南非洲地区最常见的肾替代治疗(RRT)模式。然而，它充满了许多并发症，有时会导致原发性肾脏问题以外的发病率和死亡率。因此，必须共同努力及早发现它们。这将使临床医生能够在这些不良反应发生时采取预防措施或有效地进行治疗。材料和方法:在Nnamdi Azikiwe大学教学医院(NAUTH) Nnewi透析中心对慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)和急性肾损伤(AKI)患者进行了一项前瞻性研究，以评估HD治疗的失败。受试者共126人，其中CKD 84人，AKI 42人。男性65例，女性61例。总共进行了三百六十九(369)次高清会议。获得每位受试者的社会人口统计数据和病史，并在透析前和透析中对每位受试者进行相关的体格检查和实验室调查。使用SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences)软件第17版对结果进行分析。结果:126例患者中有86例出现溶栓并发症。最常见的透析并发症是低血压(基于患者的分析为20.6%，基于疗程的分析为21.1%)。其次是高血压(基于患者的分析为19.8%，基于疗程的分析为16.5%)。其他并发症包括发热(9.95%)、胸痛(9.95%)、痉挛(1.0%)和癫痫发作(1.0%)。结论:在本研究人群中，分析期低血压是最常见的并发症，其次是分析期高血压。HD患者应积极评估和监测，以识别并可能预防或治疗这些并发症。
{"title":"The Spectrum of Intradialysis Complications in Renal Patients Accessing Care in A Tertiary Hospital in South East Nigeria","authors":"S. Osineke, N. Jisieike-Onuigbo, I. Ulasi, Charles Odenigbo","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.264","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Background: Haemodialysis (HD) is currently the most common mode of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in the Sub-Saharan Africa. It is however, fraught with many complications which sometimes cause morbidity and mortality outside the primary kidney problems. Hence, there must be concerted effort to identify them early. This would enable the clinician institute preventive measures or treat them efficiently when these adverse effects occur. \u0000\u0000\u0000Materials and Method: A prospective study was carried out among chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) patients in failure assessing HD care at the Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH) Nnewi dialysis center. Subjects were one hundred and twenty six in number: 84 CKD and 42 AKI. Sixty five (65) were males while sixty one (61) were females. A total of three hundred and sixty nine (369) HD sessions were done. Sociodemographic data and medical history were obtained from each subject and relevant physical examinations and laboratory investigations were carried out prior to and intra dialysis for each subject. Results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 17. \u0000\u0000\u0000Results: Intradialytic complications occurred in 86 out of 126 subjects. The commonest intradialytic complication was hypotension (20.6% for patient-based analysis and 21.1% for session-based analysis). This was followed by hypertension (19.8% for patient-based analysis and 16.5% for session-based analysis). Other complications noted were fever (9.95%), chest pain (9.95%), cramps (1.0%) and seizure (1.0%). \u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion: In this study population, intradialysis hypotension was the most common complication followed by intradialysis hypertension. Patients on HD should be assessed and monitored actively to identify and possibly prevent or treat these complications when they occur.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90567959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.3.273
Syed Hassan Tanvir Ramzi, S. Saleem, Ubaidullah Ansari, Fnu Namal, Y. Kiran
A fungal illness called cryptococcal meningitis is most often thought of as an opportunistic infection that affects immunocompromised people, typically those who have HIV infection. Numerous problems are linked to it, including widespread illness and neurologic ones such as intracranial hypertension, cerebral infarcts, vision loss, and other abnormalities. Here is a case 18-year-old male patient, who presented with persistent headache and fever. A lumbar puncture revealed a cryptococcal infection in him. His workup indicated no known underlying illness that may have compromised his immune system. CSF was then tested for cryptococcal species using an Indian ink preparation, and the results were positive. He was admitted to the hospital for initiation of antifungal therapy with amphotericin B along with serial serum creatinine and electrolytes levels and after the 5th day of getting amphotericin B, he had shown remarkable improvement in total symptomatology.
{"title":"Cryptococcal Meningitis in An Immunocompetent Patient","authors":"Syed Hassan Tanvir Ramzi, S. Saleem, Ubaidullah Ansari, Fnu Namal, Y. Kiran","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.3.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.3.273","url":null,"abstract":"A fungal illness called cryptococcal meningitis is most often thought of as an opportunistic infection that affects immunocompromised people, typically those who have HIV infection. Numerous problems are linked to it, including widespread illness and neurologic ones such as intracranial hypertension, cerebral infarcts, vision loss, and other abnormalities. Here is a case 18-year-old male patient, who presented with persistent headache and fever. A lumbar puncture revealed a cryptococcal infection in him. His workup indicated no known underlying illness that may have compromised his immune system. CSF was then tested for cryptococcal species using an Indian ink preparation, and the results were positive. He was admitted to the hospital for initiation of antifungal therapy with amphotericin B along with serial serum creatinine and electrolytes levels and after the 5th day of getting amphotericin B, he had shown remarkable improvement in total symptomatology.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74224950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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