Current Research in Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Innovations and strategies for sustainable wastewater-integrated microalgal biodiesel production","authors":"Sonali Biswas ,&nbsp;L. Muruganandam ,&nbsp;I. Ganesh Moorthy","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing need for developing a sustainable and renewable fuel has been one of the prime concerns in the world over the past few decades. This review proposes that microalgae have the ability to be scalable, cost efficient, eco-friendly and sustainable for biodiesel production simultaneous contributing to the treatment of wastewater. This integrated framework highlights new business opportunities for energy, wastewater, and bioproduct industries, where cost reductions from the current US $4–6 per liter to projected values near US $1.5 per liter could make microalgal biodiesel increasingly competitive with fossil fuels that can be sufficient for large scale industrial application. This review synthesizes progress in cultivation strategies, lipid extraction methods, and scale-up innovations, while outlining future directions such as wastewater-driven strain optimization, development of hybrid cultivation systems, and resolution of techno-economic and policy barriers essential for industrial deployment. Ultimately this review focuses on an array of approaches to accomplish reasonably priced, eco-friendly and sustainable way to produce biodiesel from microalgae and reduce the greenhouse effect based on critical analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100335"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145094602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and kinetic analysis of Vc1509, a NAD+ dependent deacetylase from Vibrio cholerae","authors":"Arindam Jana ,&nbsp;Pragyan Mishra ,&nbsp;Ritu Ghosh ,&nbsp;Ajit Kumar Dhal ,&nbsp;Shibangini Beura ,&nbsp;Amrita Mishra ,&nbsp;Rahul Modak","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protein lysine acetyltransferase and deacetylases play crucial role in the regulation of bacterial metabolism, stress response and virulence. Among deacetylases, sirtuin-type NAD⁺ dependent deacetylases, CobB, play central role in bacterial homeostasis. CobB has been extensively studied in several bacterial species like <em>E. coli, Salmonella</em> spp.<em>, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Mycobacterium</em> etc. A CobB homolog, Vc1509, has been identified among the multiple putative deacetylases present in <em>Vibrio cholerae</em> genome. Knockout of Vc1509 led to global hyperacetylation, but there was no further biochemical characterization of enzyme activity. Our previous study reported the involvement of <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> CobB in the deacetylation of mammalian histones during host-pathogen interactions. In this study, we present the first comprehensive functional and kinetic analysis of Vc1509. We established a scalable expression system for high-yield production of recombinant Vc1509 required for detailed characterization. Vc1509 is a monomeric protein and harbours conserved secondary structure features of CobB. Our data show that Vc1509 is an active NAD⁺ dependent lysine de-acylase capable of targeting a broad range of acylated substrates, providing new insights into the enzymatic properties and substrate specificity of CobB bacterial deacetylases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100320"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144770641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the role of perineural invasion in cancer-associated pain: Insights and treatment strategies","authors":"Martina Catalano ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Landini ,&nbsp;Filippo Nozzoli ,&nbsp;Romina Nassini ,&nbsp;Giandomenico Roviello ,&nbsp;Francesco De Logu","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perineural invasion (PNI) occurs when cancer cells infiltrate the space around nerves, commonly seen in head and neck, pancreatic, prostate, and colorectal cancers. PNI is clinically significant as it promotes metastasis, recurrence, and reduced survival. Mechanistically, it involves tumor-neural microenvironment interactions mediated by neurotrophic factors, inflammatory signals, and immune responses. PNI also causes severe neuropathic pain due to nerve compression, plasticity, and inflammation, resulting in sensory abnormalities from neuronal hyperexcitability, demyelination, and upregulated ion channels. This pain significantly impacts quality of life and complicates cancer management. Cells like macrophages and Schwann cells amplify pain via paracrine signaling and pro-inflammatory mediators. Standard pain management, including NSAIDs and opioids, often fails due to toxicity. Emerging therapies target PNI-specific mechanisms to limit tumor-nerve interactions and relieve pain. Research focuses on improving PNI models, dissecting tumor neuroimmune networks, and translating targeted therapies for effective pain relief.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100305"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review on Indian Acacia species","authors":"Bharat Singh ,&nbsp;Jagdish Prasad ,&nbsp;Ram Avtar Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acacia plants are evergreen, perennial, short, flat-crowned to long and straight-bole trees. A total of 34 species of Acacia genus are distributed in different states of India. Acacia plants are used in the treatment of chronic dysentery, diarrhoea, throat troubles, conjunctivitis and stomatitis. The critical data of ethnopharmacological properties, phytochemical and pharmacological attributes of 27 species were obtained through extensive review of relevant reference books, M. Sc./M. Tech dissertations, PhD theses, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Wiley, Taylors &amp; Francis, Bentham, Thieme, Springer, and eFloras. The flavone glycosides, flavonoids, lignans, anthraquinones, monoterpenes, and alkaloids have been identified from 20 species of Indian Acacia species. Indian Acacia species possess antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiarthritic, antistress, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and wound healing properties. However, various reports are available in literature on phytochemistry and biological properties of 27 Indian Acacia species but, still 7 species have not been evaluated for their pharmacological studies. The review discusses updated knowledge of ethnopharmacological applications, phytochemical and pharmacological attributes, and pharmacokinetic profiles of Indian Acacia species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of Dunaliella tertiolecta and Desmodesmus communis in a photobioreactor prototype for treatment of wastewater in a recirculating aquaculture system","authors":"Kathleen P. Nolan,&nbsp;Jordan Roszell,&nbsp;Robert H. Hanner,&nbsp;Andreas Heyland","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inline photobioreactors (PBRs) are a promising tool for nutrient removal from aquacultural wastewater and production of valuable algal biomass, yet few PBR systems have been rigorously tested. Optimization of algal growth screening across species and strains of interest under specific water conditions is crucial but time-consuming, limiting PBR implementation. Here, we developed a high-throughput screening system to efficiently test algal growth under various nutrient treatments, with the goal of informing implementation in a PBR designed for wastewater treatment in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). We assessed growth of the marine alga <em>Dunaliella tertiolecta</em> and the freshwater alga <em>Desmodesmus communis</em> under a matrix of inorganic nitrogen (N) treatments in 96-well plates. We then tested ammonium transfer within a prototype PBR for RAS wastewater treatment and evaluated the batch growth response of <em>D. tertiolecta</em> to ammonium treatments in the PBR. Both species grew on the provided inorganic N sources, showing significant differences in response to N treatments due to species-driven variations in nitrogen uptake and storage mechanisms. <em>D. tertiolecta</em> thrived when grown individually on either nitrate or ammonium, while <em>D. communis</em> favored a combination of N sources. <em>D. tertiolecta</em> showed a 5.4% higher growth rate in nitrate than ammonium. Both species grew in nutrient-free controls, suggesting potential use of internal nutrient reserves. <em>D. tertiolecta</em> grew within the PBR, serving as proof-of-concept for algal cultivation in the prototype. This study supports PBR technology for enhancing food production systems and protecting food security through RAS wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative chemical biology tools for monitoring activity in complex microbiomes","authors":"Yumechris Amekan ,&nbsp;Kelly R. Redeker ,&nbsp;James P.J. Chong","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The functional analysis of complex microbiomes is hindered by their cellular heterogeneity and dynamic interactions. Conventional approaches often lack the resolution to resolve the metabolic activity of individual cells in situ. Recent advances in chemical biology have introduced powerful tools—such as bioorthogonal chemistry, stable isotope probing (SIP), and single-cell phenotyping—that enable non-destructive, high-resolution profiling of microbial activity across diverse ecosystems. These techniques bridge the gap between genotype and phenotype by targeting translational and metabolic functions in live cells, including uncultured or low-abundance taxa. This review outlines the principles, applications, and current limitations of these tools, including challenges in probe biocompatibility, throughput, and spectral or isotopic data analysis. We highlight recent innovations, including BONCAT-FACS integration, automated SIP platforms, and microfluidic Raman-activated cell sorting (RACS), which enhance analytical scalability. Emphasis is placed on the integration of chemical biology tools with multi-omics workflows to generate causal insights into microbial function. By addressing key technical and analytical barriers, these tools promise to expand our capacity to monitor and manipulate microbiomes for applications in ecology, biotechnology, and health. Their continued development will be critical for unlocking the functional potential of microbial communities across environmental and engineered systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100334"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin dietary supplementation enhances serum carbohydrate-degrading enzyme activities in buffaloes","authors":"Maima Matin ,&nbsp;Natalia Ksepka ,&nbsp;Kamil Wysocki ,&nbsp;Michel-Edwar Mickael ,&nbsp;Alpana Pande ,&nbsp;Jarosław Olav Horbańczuk ,&nbsp;Artur Jóźwik ,&nbsp;Olga Adamska ,&nbsp;Artur Stolarczyk ,&nbsp;Laszlo Barna Iantovics ,&nbsp;Yordanka Ilieva ,&nbsp;Pencho Penchev ,&nbsp;Atanas G. Atanasov","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Curcumin, the major bioactive compound found in turmeric (<em>Curcuma longa</em>) is a subject of intensive research, due to its multiple bioactivities. Previous studies have investigated metabolic effects of curcumin in humans or established animal research models such as mice, but studies with farm animals have been scarce. In this work, we aimed to study the effects of curcumin supplementation in Bulgarian Murrah buffaloes (<em>Bubalus bubalis</em>), on the serum activities of seven important carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, β-glucuronidase, α-galactosidase, α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase, β-galactosidase, N-acetyl-hexosaminidase, and mannosidase. Curcumin was supplemented at a dose of 50 g per animal, per day, and serum activities of the studied enzymes were determined at the start (day 0), middle (day 14), and end (day 28) of the supplementation period. A tendency for increased activity of all studied enzymes was observed upon supplementation with curcumin, with the activity levels of five of the enzymes displaying statistically significant upregulation at day 28 (β-glucuronidase, α-galactosidase, β-galactosidase, N-acetyl-hexosaminidase, and mannosidase). These upregulated activities are in general indicative of increased carbohydrates turnover and detoxification processes, and might provide clues for a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of curcumin <em>in vivo</em>, as well as for novel approaches to rationally impact animal or human health and wellbeing through targeted supplementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern and traditional strategies for controlling microbial contamination in plant micropropagation: Current insights and future perspectives","authors":"Nandang Permadi ,&nbsp;Dedat Prismantoro ,&nbsp;Pramesthi Reitza Navisya Vasall ,&nbsp;Farah Aprisza Sheelmarevaa ,&nbsp;Sarifah Nurjanah ,&nbsp;Mohamad Nurzaman ,&nbsp;Arshad Naji Alhasnawi ,&nbsp;Febri Doni ,&nbsp;Euis Julaeha","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant tissue culture is an essential technique widely utilized in agriculture, horticulture, scientific research, and biodiversity preservation, offering controlled methods for plant multiplication and genetic modification. This approach contributes to increased agricultural productivity, enhanced disease resistance, and the protection of rare or threatened plant species. However, microbial contamination—originating from microorganisms in the phyllosphere, rhizosphere, and endosphere—remains a major challenge in plant micropropagation. Without effective management, contamination can inhibit regeneration, callus formation, adventitious shoot development, and may even lead to tissue death. Various strategies, including thermotherapy, chemotherapy, and cryotherapy, have been employed to combat contamination in plant micropropagation. Moreover, emerging approaches such as the application of nanotechnology and natural products offer promising, eco-friendly alternatives. This review examines the sources of contamination and highlights the strategies used to mitigate it, offering insights into innovative solutions that support sustainable agricultural practices and conservation efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable remediation of persistent organic Pollutants: A review on Recent innovative technologies","authors":"Fatihu Kabir Sadiq ,&nbsp;Abdulalim Ahovi Sadiq ,&nbsp;Tiroyaone Albertinah Matsika ,&nbsp;Barikisu Ahuoyiza Momoh","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are harmful chemicals that remain in the environment for a long time due to their resistance to degradation. They represent a significant challenge to sustainable development due to their enduring presence and potential for bioaccumulation in the environment. This review examines emerging technologies for POP remediation, assessing conventional methods while emphasizing the potential of innovative approaches. Advanced technologies, including nanotechnology and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), show potential for effective, cost-efficient and environmentally friendly POP degradation. Among AOPs, methods such as UV/H₂O₂, Fenton’s reaction, photo-Fenton, UV/Ozone, and photocatalysis with semiconductors like TiO₂ are particularly effective in breaking down POPs into less harmful substances. Nanotechnology-based methods provide high efficiency, selectivity, and reduced environmental impact, while photocatalysis offers a sustainable and eco-friendly approach to POP degradation. To enhance remediation effectiveness, integrating innovative materials, optimized processes, and artificial intelligence (AI) is crucial. Advancements in eco-friendly nanomaterials, hybrid AOPs, and AI-driven process optimization can significantly improve degradation efficiency, selectivity, and sustainability. Future research should focus on scaling up these technologies, improving cost-effectiveness, and incorporating AI-powered smart monitoring systems for long-term environmental management. A holistic and sustainable remediation strategy must also align with circular economy principles, promote eco-friendly innovations, and address the influence of climate change on POP behavior. By fostering interdisciplinary research, policy support, and international collaboration, the development of accessible and sustainable remediation solutions can be accelerated, contributing to a cleaner environment and a healthier future for all.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurotensin(8-13) analogs targeting NTS1 and NTS2 receptors: A comparative in vitro and molecular modeling study","authors":"Kiril Kirilov ,&nbsp;Maria Ponticelli ,&nbsp;Toni Kühl ,&nbsp;Harald Hübner ,&nbsp;Maya G. Georgieva ,&nbsp;Matthias Vogel ,&nbsp;Aneliya A. Balacheva ,&nbsp;Bodo Haas ,&nbsp;Tamara I. Pajpanova ,&nbsp;Maima Matin ,&nbsp;Luigi Milella ,&nbsp;Peter Gmeiner ,&nbsp;Diana Imhof ,&nbsp;Nikolay T. Tzvetkov","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The simultaneous activation of both neurotensin type 1 and 2 receptors (NTS1R and NTS2R) through the neuronal peptide neurotensin (NT), activating the dopamine (DA) release and DA signaling within the dopaminergic system in the brain, suggest that NTS1R/NTS2R dual-specific NT analogs may represent an attractive tool in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and/or other related conditions. Herein, we report <em>in silico</em> exploration of NTS1R and NTS2R driven by <em>in vitro</em> pharmacological evaluation of the linear hexapeptide NT analogs <strong>3</strong> (sequence Lys⁸-Cav⁹-Pro¹⁰-Tyr¹¹-Ile¹²-Leu¹³) and <strong>6</strong> (Arg⁸-Cav⁹-Pro¹⁰-Tyr¹¹-Ile¹²-Leu¹³), both active towards the human NTS1R and NTS2R. Compared to the parent peptide NT(8–13) (<strong>2</strong>), compounds <strong>3</strong> and <strong>6</strong> showed improved <em>in vitro</em> human plasma stability and BBB permeability. Moreover, <em>in silico</em> ADMET evaluation indicated that both NT-analogs have strong pharmacological properties combined with good safety profiles, highlighting their potential for further structural improvements. Furthermore, we applied an AI-based approach to generate the homology models of hNTS1R and hNTS2R, followed by MD simulations of their ligand-free state and molecular docking in order to estimate the most probable protein–ligand complexes of peptides <strong>3</strong> and <strong>6</strong>. Binding interaction/affinity analysis of the best-ranked docking modes, obtained with selected time-frames from the respective MD trajectories, suggest that the receptor activation occurs via a ligand-receptor binding into the initial “entry” conformation of hNTS1R and hNTS2R. This assumption is supported by additional HYDE analysis confirming the binding affinities of peptides <strong>3</strong> and <strong>6</strong> towards hNTS1R and hNTS2R obtained by radioligand binding experiments. The reported study may serve as a ready-to-use <em>in silico</em> approach for further development of therapeutic options against PD and potentially other neurological disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100298"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}