Current Research in Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Importance of substrate type and its constituents on overall performance of microbial fuel cells","authors":"Somil Thakur,&nbsp;Rajnish Kaur Calay,&nbsp;Mohamad Y. Mustafa,&nbsp;Fasil E. Eregno,&nbsp;Ravindra R. Patil","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC) have emerged as a potential wastewater treatment technology that utilizes metabolic processes of microorganisms present in the wastewater to disintegrate organic substrates and harness direct electricity. This paper reviews the potential of different wastewater types as a suitable substrate for microbial activities in MFCs. Substrate composition (carbon source, nutrient content and inhibitory compounds) directly affects the microbial growth, wastewater treatment potential, electron transfer rate and power harvested. Readily biodegradable substrates such as acetate and glucose promote microbial metabolism and electron transport, thus resulting in enhanced power generation. Substrates such as municipal or agricultural wastewater that constitute both simple and complex organic matter require longer breakdown durations but can provide MFCs with long term operational stability. On the other hand, substrates such as leachate from landfills, mining wastewater etc. are generally unsuitable for regular operations. The paper discusses the challenges such as suitability of various wastewaters, unpredictability of composition, presence of inhibitory chemicals like heavy metals or toxic organics that can subdue the microbial activity and reduce efficiency of a MFC reactor. It aims to identify the relationship between the substrate characteristics and MFC performance in order to select the substrate for achieving optimal output from MFC technology. The suitable substrates that exhibit optimal performance in terms of current and power output, coulombic efficiency, and reduction in chemical oxygen demand are identified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aptamer-based diagnostics and therapeutics in viral sepsis: current progress, application and future prospects","authors":"Noraini Abd-Aziz ,&nbsp;Fatimah Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Sun Tee Tay","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response to microbial infection that is characterized by a spectrum of physiological and pathological disorders. Viruses have been identified with varying roles in the context of sepsis. Diagnosing viral sepsis poses a great challenge due to a lack of viral detection reagents and assays, contributing to the underreporting of prevalence. Aptamers are single-stranded nucleic acids (either DNA or RNA) that can fold into specific structures, enabling their binding with a wide array of target molecules with high affinity and selectivity. This review provides updates on advances in aptamer development for viruses implicated in sepsis, aptamer selection methodologies through Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX), and application of aptamer-based diagnostics and therapeutics. Additionally, several critical challenges in aptamer technology are addressed, with special emphasis on its analytical sensitivity, functional complexity, and translation to clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100318"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial profiling technologies for research and clinical application in head and neck squamous cell cancers","authors":"Artur Nieszporek ,&nbsp;Małgorzata Wierzbicka ,&nbsp;Aadil Khan ,&nbsp;Mateusz Jeziorny ,&nbsp;Patryk Kraiński ,&nbsp;Joanna Cybinska ,&nbsp;Patrycja Gazinska","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The efficacy of clinical treatment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) may be influenced by interactions within the tumor microenvironment (TME), involving non-malignant cells such as tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). These cells are crucial parts of the complex and dynamic TME. High-throughput spatial profiling technologies show remarkable potential in identifying predictive biomarkers in HNSCC’s TME. Despite advancements in molecular characterization, the translation of these insights into clinical practice remains limited.</div><div>Understanding these interactions and the TME is pertinent for developing effective therapies and pinpointing biomarkers that predict treatment responses. Spatial profiling also provides comprehensive insights into the cancer multi-omics by characterizing diverse and heterogeneous cell type, cell density, location, and intercellular interactions within the TME. HNSCC continues to be a major global health issue with rising incidence and mortality rates. Although immunotherapies have been effective for some, they benefit only a subset of patients. Spatial profiling helps uncover actionable biomarkers by exposing tumor heterogeneity and immune system interactions, paving the way for more precise medicine in HNSCC. Although the clinical application of multi-omics tumor profiling is still nascent, these technologies hold promise in enhancing our understanding of HNSCC biology and immuno-oncology, guiding future precision-treatment strategies.</div><div>This review outlines the applications of high-throughput spatial profiling technologies in both research and clinical settings for HNSCC, highlighting their potential to improve therapeutic strategies through an enhanced understanding of the HNSCC microenvironment. The successful integration of spatial profiling technologies into HNSCC research and clinical practice depends on a standardized, multicenter pipeline that ensures data consistency, seamless integration, and scalability. By combining high-resolution spatial transcriptomics with clinical and genomic insights, this approach has the potential to refine biomarker discovery, enhance patient stratification, and optimize immunotherapy strategies, ultimately paving the way for more precise and effective cancer treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100321"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144763806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional characterization of a secreted glucansucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides and the potential of its α-glucan product in oxygen stress relief","authors":"Huafeng Feng ,&nbsp;Bing-hua Wang ,&nbsp;Chunping You ,&nbsp;Jin Han ,&nbsp;Kexin Jiang ,&nbsp;Yanni Zhou ,&nbsp;Hei-tsai Tabγač ,&nbsp;Peng Chang ,&nbsp;Wei Shen ,&nbsp;Minghui Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Leuconostoc mesenteroides</em> are characterized by α-glucan production in the presence of sucrose. Although they lack the enzymes to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), strains of <em>L. mesenteroides</em> are generally tolerant to oxygen. Despite the wide applications of <em>L. mesenteroides</em> and α-glucans in food and medical industry, mechanisms underlie α-glucan synthesis, and their roles in oxygen-tolerance remain to be elucidated. This study aimed at functional characterization of the enzyme for α-glucan synthesis in <em>L. mesenteroides</em> CGMCC10064 and addressing its role in oxygen stress. 1323 was identified as a secreted glucansucrase via SDS-PAGE followed by MALDI-TOF MS and Western blot. Its enzyme activity was characterized via <em>in situ</em> polymer synthesis and function blockade by a specific antibody. Finally, 1323-encoding gene was cloned and expressed in <em>E. coli.</em> α-glucan was synthesized <em>in vitro</em> with recombinant 1323 and its potential in oxygen stress relief was investigated. The α-glucan obtained improved the aerobic growth of <em>L. mesenteroides</em> strains via reduction of the oxidation–reduction potential as well as ROS accumulation. Moreover, oxygen stress relief by the α-glucan improved the growth and survival of probiotic <em>Lactobacillus</em> and <em>Bifidobacterium</em> strains under oxygen stress. These results highlighted the potential of a novel secreted glucansucrase and its α-glucan product in oxygen stress relief and cultivation and preservation of oxygen-sensitive bacteria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100350"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mosquitoes bite cancer patients, but never get cancer: what can we learn? digestive enzymes and host-specificity as natural barriers","authors":"Riza-Arief Putranto ,&nbsp;Fiona Nishani ,&nbsp;Erda Qorri ,&nbsp;Raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata ,&nbsp;Antonello Santini ,&nbsp;Fahrul Nurkolis","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mosquitoes, despite their frequent exposure to various mammalian blood components, including potentially aberrant cells, have never been reported to develop cancer-like conditions. This paper proposes a speculative biological model suggesting that the mosquito’s digestive and immune systems could naturally prevent the survival of malignant cells, offering inspiration for bioinspired cancer-therapeutic design. This perspective explores how the mosquito midgut creates an inhospitable environment through rapid pH shifts, potent digestive enzymes, and oxidative stress, leading to potential degradation of mammalian cancer cells. In parallel, the mosquito’s innate immune system, including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), hemocyte activity, melanization, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), further neutralizes non-self-cellular threats with speed and precision. Together, these digestive and immune mechanisms offer valuable inspiration for cancer therapy design. This perspective posits that the mosquito’s intrinsic mechanisms for xenobiotic clearance and immune defense against diverse biological threats offer a unique, yet underexplored, biomimetic blueprint for overcoming key challenges in contemporary oncology, particularly drug resistance and the need for precision targeting. Emerging strategies such as ROS-based treatments, protease-mimetic systems, and AMP-engineered platforms reflect the potential of translating mosquito-derived mechanisms and their barriers into biomedical applications and drug delivery systems strategies. This article underscores how the mosquito’s natural defenses may guide the development of novel, bioinspired approaches to improve cancer treatment. Even though this idea remains speculative with limited direct experimental proof, investigating these mechanisms may offer inspiration for the design of bioinspired cancer therapies in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100353"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145570909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-engineered remediation: Microbial and rhizosphere-based strategies for heavy metal detoxification","authors":"Arun Karnwal ,&nbsp;Gaurav Kumar ,&nbsp;Alaa El Din Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Joydeep Dutta ,&nbsp;Rattandeep Singh ,&nbsp;Abdel Rahman Mohammad Said Al-Tawaha ,&nbsp;Tabarak Malik","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metal (HM) contamination significantly threatens ecosystems and human health. This review explores eco-engineered bioremediation strategies, focusing on the pivotal role of rhizosphere-associated microorganisms in detoxifying heavy metals. Rhizobacteria deploy diverse mechanisms—including biosorption, bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and biomineralization—to immobilize or convert toxic metals, with their efficiency strongly influenced by environmental factors such as pH and metal speciation. Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) further enhance phytoremediation by mitigating metal-induced phytotoxicity and promoting plant resilience under stress. Various scalable approaches, including in-situ and ex-situ remediation techniques, biosorbents, microbial consortia, and genetically engineered microbes (GEMs), show promising potential but raise essential ecological and regulatory concerns. Key challenges such as scalability, environmental variability, and the possible formation of toxic intermediates must be carefully addressed. Advances in omics technologies and a deeper exploration of native microbial communities offer promising avenues to optimize bioremediation outcomes. Moreover, a detailed understanding of plant–microbe interactions and the role of secondary metabolite signalling in the rhizosphere is essential to improve remediation efficiency. Future strategies should prioritize the application of functional genomics, developing bioinoculants tailored to specific environmental conditions, and implementing robust ecological risk assessments for GEMs. This review underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach- integrating microbial ecology, plant sciences, and environmental engineering- to drive the development of sustainable, effective HM remediation technologies worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100297"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eugenol’s anti-cancer properties, its modulation of signalling pathways, and cascades across various cancers: A review","authors":"Anirban Debnath ,&nbsp;Yi-Hao Lo ,&nbsp;Manojit Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Zhi-Hong Wen ,&nbsp;Chiranjib Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Arpita Das","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several cancer drugs show drug resistance, which is a significant concern for cancer therapy. Therefore, new molecules are required for cancer treatment as anticancer drugs. Recently, several natural bioactive components from medicinal plants have demonstrated anticancer activity and are being marketed as anticancer drugs. Eugenol, a significant bioactive compound, is found in cloves and other traditional Indian medicinal plants, such as cinnamon, tulsi, ginger, turmeric, and Japanese star anise, which have been reported to have significant anticancer properties. The present review highlights the anticancer properties of eugenol. It also exhibits different pharmacological effects (anti-inflammatory, cardio-protection, and neuroprotection). As an anticancer molecule, eugenol exhibits anti-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic properties in cancer cell lines and in vivo animal models, which we discuss in this review. We also discuss eugenol’s effect on different signaling pathways in cancer. Finally, recent diverse anticancer studies of eugenol have been discussing the different cancer types, such as breast cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, gliomas, oral cancers, skin cancer, leukemia, colorectal cancers, osteosarcoma, melanomas, etc. The current review provides an insightful overview of the anticancer properties of eugenol in the treatment and prevention of cancer, ultimately benefiting society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100330"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the phytochemical composition and the anticancer potential of Haliclona fascigera and Stylissa carteri Red Sea sponges in colon cancer treatment: A promising approach","authors":"Samah S. Abuzahrah ,&nbsp;Nouf Juaid ,&nbsp;Tahani Bakhsh ,&nbsp;Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi ,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Baghdadi ,&nbsp;Reham Hassan Mekky","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the phytochemical composition and anticancer properties of extracts from the marine sponges <em>Haliclona fascigera (HFE)</em> and <em>Stylissa carteri</em> (<em>SCE)</em>, collected from the Red Sea coast of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, against human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT-29 employing SRB assay at varying concentrations (ranging from 0.01 to 1000 µg/mL), compared to the positive control doxorubicin (DOX). The RP-HPLC-QTOF-MS and tandem MS/MS revealed the presence of 59 metabolites belonging to several classes that were described for the first time in <em>HFE</em> and <em>SCE</em> with a predominance of nitrogenous compounds. <em>SCE</em> exhibited a markedly more pronounced cytotoxic effect, with IC₅₀ of 1.9 ± 0.04 µg/mL for the HCT-116 cell line and 7.8 ± 0.6 µg/mL for the HT-29 cell line. In contrast, <em>HFE</em> demonstrated higher IC₅₀ values of 46.5 ± 1.3 µg/mL for HCT-116 and 61.9 ± 2.2 µg/mL for HT-29, indicating that <em>SCE</em> is significantly more potent than <em>HFE</em>, particularly in the HCT-116 cell line. Cell cycle analysis indicated that <em>SCE</em> predominantly induces apoptosis in the S-phase, while <em>HFE</em> significantly affects the G2-phase. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated late apoptosis in both cell lines, with <em>HFE</em> inducing late apoptosis in 88.72 % of HCT-116 cells and 90.50 % of HT-29 cells, while <em>SCE</em> induced late apoptosis in 58.36 % of HCT-116 cells and 72.22 % of HT-29 cells. Treatment with <em>HFE</em> and <em>SCE</em> led to significant downregulation of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-Xl in both HCT116 and HT-29 cells, with <em>HFE</em> showing the strongest effect, especially in HT-29 cells (0.10-fold change). For the pro-apoptotic p53 gene, both extracts increased expression levels, with <em>HFE</em> yielding the highest upregulation in HCT116 cells (1.51-fold change). This suggests that these sponge extracts promote apoptosis by decreasing anti-apoptotic signalling while enhancing pro-apoptotic pathways, potentially aiding in cancer cell viability reduction.The study evaluates the binding affinities of various compounds against Bcl-2, Human Survivin, and KRAS p.G12C, which are key targets in colorectal cancer. Eicosanamide exhibited the highest binding affinities, outperforming both the co-crystallized ligands and Doxorubicin in several cases, making it a promising candidate for further investigation. Hyptolide and Palmitic Acid also showed significant potential, especially against KRAS p.G12C and Bcl-2, indicating their potential as multi-target inhibitors in colorectal cancer therapy. These findings indicate that both sponge extracts possess promising anticancer properties, with <em>SCE</em> being a particularly potent candidate for further investigation and potential therapeutic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100331"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomics of the microbial consortium in the anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and poultry droppings","authors":"Oluwatomisin A. Akinsola ,&nbsp;Samuel O. Dahunsi ,&nbsp;Ebenezer L. Odekanle ,&nbsp;Olajire D. Adedokun","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and poultry droppings presents a valuable strategy for achieving sustainable waste management and generating renewable energy. In this study, metagenomic analysis was utilized to investigate the microbial consortium driving the process, with a particular focus on the functional potential and interactions among microbial populations. DNA was extracted from the samples collected from the digester. The16S rRNA sequencing was used for the taxonomic diversity and functional profiling of the microbial community derived from the anaerobic digester. The findings reveal a complex interplay of diverse microbial taxa, predominantly <em>Firmicutes,</em> and <em>Bacteroidetes</em>, which are crucial for the degradation of organic matter and biogas production. The metabolic pathways utilized by the consortium were highlighted. The application of metagenomic tools, such as QIIME2 for data cleaning, BV-BRC for functional annotation, and PICRUSt for metabolic pathway analysis, facilitated a comprehensive functional profiling of the community, allowing the assessment of the contributions of individual taxa to the overall metabolic processes. The results contribute to the growing body of knowledge on microbial ecology in waste treatment systems and pave the way for future research aimed at optimizing anaerobic digestion processes for sustainable energy production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100328"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144907774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota modulation and health benefits of various fasting regimens","authors":"Sumel Ashique ,&nbsp;Biplab Debnath ,&nbsp;Naheed Mojgani ,&nbsp;Mohd. Tariq ,&nbsp;Tanweer Haider ,&nbsp;Eman Shorog ,&nbsp;Sabina Yasmin ,&nbsp;Anas Islam ,&nbsp;Himanshu Sharma ,&nbsp;Md Sadique Hussain ,&nbsp;Ayush Madan ,&nbsp;Tabarak Malik ,&nbsp;Mohammad Yousuf Ansari","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fasting is a diet intervention that has been shown to significantly modulate the gut microbiota, with potential health benefits. This review examines the impact of various fasting regimens, including time-restricted eating (TRE), Ramadan fasting (RF), and long-term fasting, on the composition and function of the gut microbiota in both animal models and human subjects. Studies have shown that fasting can increase microbial diversity, enrich beneficial bacteria such as <em>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia</em> spp.<em>, Akkermansia muciniphila</em>, and other Lachnospiraceae, and enhance the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) such as butyrate. These microbiota changes are associated with improvements in metabolic health markers, including body weight, blood pressure, glucose regulation, and lipid profiles, as well as reduced inflammation. However, the persistence of these effects after fasting varies between studies. Dietary changes during fasting, such as meal timing and composition, play a crucial role in shaping the response of the gut microbiota.Although most studies report beneficial results, heterogeneity in results highlights the need for more research to elucidate the relative contributions of factors such as age, baseline diet, habitual microbiota composition, fasting duration, and caloric content. The mechanistic links between specific microbial metabolites and clinical endpoints remain limited, and evidence for the synergistic effects of probiotics with fasting in humans is inconclusive. Future studies should employ standardized fasting protocols, integrate multi-omics approaches, and extend follow-up periods to determine the durability of microbiota and metabolic shifts. Developing personalized fasting strategies tailored to an individual’s baseline microbiota and metabolic phenotype may optimize the therapeutic potential of fasting for gut and metabolic health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}